2024高考英語閱讀之長難句分析與練習(xí)（八）Exercise1：長難句分析1.Havingheardwolveshowlingintheforest,Lalaacceleratedherwalkupthepathtothecavesfearingthattheremightbewildbeastslyinginwaitforher.【句式翻譯】【句式分析】【詞語點(diǎn)撥】1)acceleratev.加快，加速要趕超世界先進(jìn)水平，我們還得快馬加鞭。陽光、簇新空氣和休息常會促使病人早日康復(fù)。2)lievi.平躺；位于（lay,lain）；撒謊（lied,lied）；n.撒謊工廠在小鎮(zhèn)的西邊。戴維感到疲憊，所以去躺下休息了。我進(jìn)去時(shí)，發(fā)覺他的書平攤在書桌上。理查德沒講實(shí)話，他在撒謊。找到這個(gè)經(jīng)理的唯一方法是，等著他從會議結(jié)束出來?！菊Z法點(diǎn)撥】1)havingdone作狀語：詳細(xì)用法參見第25句。2）現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語：①現(xiàn)在分詞doing所代表的動作或狀態(tài)與謂語動詞是同時(shí)或幾乎是同時(shí)發(fā)生的，可以作時(shí)間、緣由、方式、條件、結(jié)果、目的、讓步、伴隨等狀語。分詞的邏輯主語就是句子的主語。如：他一沖出屋子就被一輛車撞倒了。我表兄去深圳了，希望在那兒找份工作。小孩摔了一跤，頭在門上碰了一下。過去幾年里，這個(gè)國家經(jīng)驗(yàn)了艱難的時(shí)期，遭遇了幾次致命的地震。因?yàn)槭谴禾?，所以花都盛開著。②有些分詞作狀語，沒有邏輯上的主語，已成為習(xí)慣用法：considering,judgingfrom,talkingof,allowingfor(考慮到),generally/frankly/honestly/roughly/strictlyspeaking,assumingthat（假設(shè)）等。如：說到這部電影，好極了。假定那是真的,我們現(xiàn)在該怎麼辦?依據(jù)風(fēng)向測度,今日不會下雨。嚴(yán)格地說,社會心理學(xué)探討人們的群體行為。2.Havingscaredthelittlebeings,Ibeganstrugglingtogetlooseandmanagedtobreakthestringsthattiedmyleftarmandslightlymovedthestringsthattieddownmyhair.【句式翻譯】【句式分析】【詞語點(diǎn)撥】strugglevi.搏斗;掙扎；爭取n.打斗；掙扎；斗爭登山者在強(qiáng)風(fēng)中艱難的行走，最終到達(dá)山頂。他們艱難地逃離了著火的大樓。經(jīng)過一番斗爭，我把心情限制住了?！菊Z法點(diǎn)撥】1)havingdone作狀語，詳細(xì)用法參見第25句。2)不定式todo常跟在下列動詞后作賓語：ask,agree,beg,begin,start,wish,choose,decide,expect,fail,hope,manage,seek,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,want,would/shouldlike等。如：他的父母決意在鄉(xiāng)下居住。我們約定在這里見面，但是到現(xiàn)在她還沒露面。明天和我們一起去野餐好嗎？3.Havingkilledupto50millionpeoplein18months,withatendencytostriketheyoungandfitratherthantheold,theSpanishFluisbelievedtohavebeenthemostacuteepidemicinhistory.【句式翻譯】【句式分析】【詞語點(diǎn)撥】strikevt.攻（襲）擊；打，打動；(鐘)敲響報(bào)(時(shí));使突然想起n.打擊；罷工冬天暴風(fēng)雪經(jīng)常攻擊那個(gè)地區(qū)。趁熱打鐵。鐘敲十二點(diǎn)。我被西湖的美景給迷住了。我突然想到,我應(yīng)當(dāng)制訂一個(gè)新的方案。公共汽車司機(jī)罷工好幾天了?！菊Z法點(diǎn)撥】1）(sth/sb)bebelievedtodo/be被認(rèn)為做……/是……=Itis/wasbelievedthat…，在這個(gè)句式中，不定式作主語補(bǔ)足語，可以代替believe用于這個(gè)句式的動詞還有：say,suppose,think,know,report等。如：你知道為什么星期五被認(rèn)為是不吉利的日子嗎？多年來人們始終信任這座古堡里面居住著幽靈。人們認(rèn)為建立這座大金字塔花去了20多年的時(shí)間。姚明被認(rèn)為是世界上最棒的籃球運(yùn)動員之一。4.Todaythe“Fringe”,oncelessrecognized,hasfaroutgrownthefestivalwitharound1,500performancesoftheatre,musicanddanceoneveryoneofthe21daysitlasts.【解析】【翻譯】Giventhatmanypeople'smoods(心情)areregulatedbythechemicalactionofchocolate,itwasprobablyonlyamatteroftimebeforesomebodymadethechocolateshopsimilartoadrugstoreofChinesemedicine.【解析】【翻譯】Exercise2：閱讀練習(xí)Ifyouareinadilemma(逆境)aboutbeingself-taughtorgettingformaleducation,youhavecometotherightwebpage.Inthisarticle,wenotetheadvantagesofeachofthesetohelpyoudecidewhichonewouldbethebestforyou.Perhapsthebiggestadvantageofbeingself-taughtisthatyouareabletosavealotofmoney.Witheachpassingyear,thecostofgettingadegreeisontherise.Asaresult,manystudentsthesedaystendtograduatefromcollegewithasignificantamountofdebt.Thismakesitnecessaryforthemtogetajobassoonaspossible,otherwiseanumberofseriousissuesmayarise.Besides,itispossibletolearnfasteronyourown,byfocusingononlythoseareasthatyouareinterestedin.Finally,learningonyourowncanbeagreatconfidence-builder.Youhavetostruggletogainknowledgebutonceyouclearthebasicsonyourown,youwillfindyourselfbeingmuchmoreconfidentaboutyourabilities.Oneofthebiggestadvantagesofformaleducationisthatyougetadegreewhichisamarkofrecognitionthatyouhaveachievedalevelofknowledgeinthatparticularfield.Manycompaniestendtoprefercandidateswhohaveacollegedegree.What’smore,thoughformaleducationlackstheconvenienceandflexibilityofself-education,itoffersyoumuchmoreintermsoftheactualstructureofthelearningprocess.Last,beingformallyeducatedmeansthatyouwillenteracollegeorothersimilareducationalinstitutions.Thereyouwillgetthebenefitofbeingtaughtandguidedbylearnedteachersandothersubjectexperts.Thiswillbeabigbenefitasyouwillbeabletotakeadvantageoftheirexperienceandgainin-depthknowledgeaboutthesubject.Thus,bothformaleducationandself-educationhavetheirownsetsofadvantages.Thechoicebetweenthetwocomesdowntoindividualpreferenceaswellaspersonalsituation.1.Whichofthefollowingisanadvantageofself-education?A.Afasterpaceoflearning.B.Beingguidedbysubjectexperts.C.Awiderrangeofwaystogainknowledge.D.Havingmorechancesofgettingpart-timejobs.2.Togetthebenefitofbeingtaughtbylearnedexperts,youshould.

A.chooseself-educationB.enteraneducationalinstitutionC.workforlearnedteachersD.makeuseofwebpagesabouteducation3.Whatisthemostimportantfactorinchoosingthewayofeducation?A.Thereputationofeducationalinstitutions.B.Theknowledgeofteachersandexperts.C.Theopinionsofrelativesandfriends.D.One’spreferenceandsituation.4.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingthistext?A.Topromoteawebpageabouteducation.B.Toprovethatself-educationisthebestchoice.C.Tohelpreaderschoosebetweentwoformsofeducation.D.Toprovethatit’sdifficulttodecideonthepropereducation.參考答案1.【句式翻譯】拉拉沿著回洞窟的路走著，聽到狼群在森林里嚎叫，她的步伐加快了，擔(dān)憂會有野獸在等者伏擊她?！揪涫椒治觥勘揪涫菑?fù)合句，that引導(dǎo)賓語從句，Havingheard和fearing…在句中作狀語。Inordertocatchupwithandsurpasstheadvancedworldlevelswe’llhavetoaccelerateourspeed.Sunshine,freshair,andrestoftenaccelerateaperson'srecoveryfromsickness.Thefactoryliestothewestoftown.Davidfelttired,sohewentandlaydownforarest.HisbookslayopenonthedeskwhenIwentin.Richardwasn’ttellingthetruth.Hewaslying.Theonlywaytomeetthemanageristolieinwaitforhimasheleavesoneofhismeetings.Rushingoutofthehouse,hewasknockeddownbyacar.MycousinwenttoShenzhen,hopingtofindajobthere.Thechildfell，strikinghisheadagainstthedoor.Inthelastfewyears,thecountryhashadahardtime,sufferingseveralkillerquakes.Beingspring,theflowersareinfullbloom.Talkingofthisfilm,it’swonderful.Assumingthatitistrue,whatshouldwedonow?Judgingbythedirectionofthewind,itwon’traintoday.Socialpsychology,strictlyspeaking,dealswiththebehaviorofpeopleingroups.2.【句式翻譯】嚇跑了小人，我起先掙扎以使繩子松開，最終掙斷了綁著左臂的繩子，并輕輕地解開綁著頭發(fā)的繩子?！揪涫椒治觥勘揪涫菑?fù)合句，兩個(gè)that在從句中都引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞thestrings，Havingscared…在句中作狀語，tobreak…作manage的賓語。Theclimbersstruggledagainstthestrongwindandfinallyreachedthetopofthemountain.Theystruggledtogetoutoftheburningbuilding.Withastruggle,Imanagedtocontrolmyfeelings.Hisparentschoosetoliveinthecountryside.Weagreedtomeethere,butsofarshehasn’tturnedupyet.Wouldyouliketogoandhaveapicnicwithustomorrow?3.【句式翻譯】西班牙流感在十八個(gè)月內(nèi)奪去了五千萬人的生命，該病似乎特地攻擊年輕力壯的人，而不是老邁長者，被認(rèn)為是歷史上最嚴(yán)峻的一次傳染病?！揪涫椒治觥勘揪涫呛啙嵕?，包含有一個(gè)句式：bebelievedtodo/be被認(rèn)為做……/是……，Havingkilled…在句中作狀語，tostrike…作定語，修飾tendency。Snowstormsoftenstrikethatareainwinter.Strikewhiletheironishot.Theclockstrucktwelve.IwasstruckbythebeautyoftheWestLake.ItsuddenlystruckmethatIoughttomakeanewplan.Thebusdrivershavebeenonstrikeforseveraldays.DoyouknowwhyFridayisbelievedtobeanunluckyday?Theoldcastlewasbelievedtohaveghostslivinginitformanyyears.Thegreatpyramidisbelievedtohavebeenbuiltovera20-yearperiod.YaoMingisthoughttobeoneofthebestbasketballplayersintheworld.4.【解析】本句中“oncelessrecognized”為省略句，省略了itwas；此外還含有一個(gè)withs