8AUnit6Birdwatching知識(shí)清單一、icstripandWeletotheunit.1.gobirdwathcing=gotowatchbirds去觀鳥2.gotothemarkettowatchthebirds去市場(chǎng)觀鳥3.likethebirdsatthemarket喜歡市場(chǎng)上的鳥4.jointheBirdwatchingSociety參加觀鳥協(xié)會(huì)5.brownandgreyfeathers棕灰色的羽毛【區(qū)別】★feather鳥類的羽毛（可數(shù)名詞）；fur其它動(dòng)物的皮毛（不可數(shù)名詞）hair頭發(fā)（不可數(shù)名詞）6.Whatdocraneslooklike?鶴長的什么樣子？【詢問長相、外貌】7.Howmanytypes/kindsofcranesarethereintheworld?世界上有多少種鶴？8.Theyarerarebirds.它們是稀有的鳥類。二、Reading1.inHeilongjiangProvince在黑龍江省2.Zhalong/YanchengNatureReserve扎龍/鹽城自然保護(hù)區(qū)★nature名詞：大自然→natural形容詞：自然的；天然的3.inNortheastChina=inthenortheastofChina在中國東北【拓展】★inEastChina=intheeastofChina=intheeasternpartofChina在中國東部4.oneoftheworld’smostimportantwetlands世界上最重要的濕地之一=oneofthemostimportantwetlandsintheworld5.【重點(diǎn)】providefoodandcoverforalotofwildlife=providealotofwildlifewithfoodandcover為許多野生動(dòng)物提供食物和庇護(hù)所【區(qū)分】①★providesth.forsb.=providesb.withsth.②★offersth.tosb.=offersb.sth.③cover作名詞：庇護(hù)所，封面，蓋子作動(dòng)詞：覆蓋eg:Pleasecovertheboywithmycoat.請(qǐng)用我的外套將那個(gè)男孩蓋起來。Thegroundiscoveredwithsnow.大地被雪覆蓋著。（被動(dòng)語態(tài)）6.Itisaperfectplaceforsomerarebirds.對(duì)一些珍稀的鳥類來說它是一個(gè)完美的地方。7.allyearround=thewholeyear一年到頭8.gothereonlyforashortstay只去那兒作短暫停留=staythereonlyforashorttime9.while的用法：①while作名詞：一會(huì)兒eg:afterawhile過了一會(huì)兒②while作連詞：當(dāng)....時(shí)候(后接長動(dòng)詞）eg:IwaswatchingTVwhilefatherwassleeping.③while作連詞：然而（表并列關(guān)系）eg:Boyslikeplayingfootballwhilegirlslikedancing.10.beactiveinthedaytime在白天很活躍11.40percentofthemliveinZhalong.它們中的40%生活在扎龍。 12.makethewetlandssmallerinordertohavemorespaceforfarmsandbuildings.讓濕地變得更好是為了給農(nóng)場(chǎng)和樓房留有更多的空間。①★inordertodosth.為了做某事→否定：inordernottodosth.為了不做某事②.....inorderthat+目的狀語從句....=......sothat+目的狀語從句....為了，以便.......13.Thiswillleadtolessandlessspaceforwildlife.這將導(dǎo)致野生動(dòng)物的空間越來越少。①★lead:帶領(lǐng)；領(lǐng)導(dǎo)→過去式：led】②★leadtosth.→leadtodoingsth.導(dǎo)致某事的發(fā)生或結(jié)果，其中to為介詞。③★lessandlessspace/room越來越少的空間【space/room作“空間”時(shí)不可數(shù)】14.haveenoughfoodtoeat有足夠的食物吃15.NowtheChinesegovernmenthasmadelawstopreventallthesethingsinZhalong.現(xiàn)在中國政府已經(jīng)制定了法律來預(yù)防這些事情(發(fā)生)在扎龍。 ①hasmade為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)【現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：have/has+過去分詞】 ②prevent防止、阻止、預(yù)防【用法】★preventsth.預(yù)防/阻止某事 ★preventdoingsth.預(yù)防/阻止做某事★preventsb.(from)doingsth.=stopsb.(from)doingsth.阻止某人做某事=keepsb.fromdoingsth.【注意】keepsb.doingsth.保持某人一直做某事16.themembersoftheBirdwatchingSociety觀鳥協(xié)會(huì)的成員17.gotostudythebirdsinZhalong去研究扎龍的鳥18.recordtheirtypesandchangesintheirnumbers記錄它們的種類以及數(shù)量上的變化19.needmorepeopletocountanddescribethebirds需要更多的人來數(shù)鳥并且對(duì)其進(jìn)行描述①count動(dòng)詞：數(shù)，計(jì)數(shù)→countable形容詞：可數(shù)的；uncountable形容詞：不可數(shù)的②describe動(dòng)詞：描述→description名詞：描述20.helppeopleunderstandtheimportanceofthewetlands幫助人們理解濕地的重要性u(píng)nderstand→過去式：understood21.StudyingZhalonghelpsuslearnaboutprotectingwildlife.【動(dòng)名詞短語作主語（單數(shù)）】三、Grammar【語法】A.用動(dòng)詞不定式表目的狀語。Eg:Ioftengotothemarkettowatchthebirds.Imadeakitetoplaywithmyson.=Imadeakiteinordertoplaywithmyson.【語法】B、用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語?！窘Y(jié)構(gòu)：動(dòng)詞+賓語+動(dòng)詞不定式（作賓補(bǔ)）】(1)帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞主要有：要求允許提議(ask,allow,advise)，期望邀請(qǐng)鼓勵(lì)(expect,invite,encourage)，教導(dǎo)告訴想要(teach,tell,want,need)，等待希望愿意(waitfor,wish,wouldlike/love)。如：①Wearenowinvitingthemtohelpus.②Weneedmorepeopletocountanddescribethebirds.③Weaskpeoplenottocatchbirdsforanyreason.(2)不帶to動(dòng)詞不定式作補(bǔ)語，在主動(dòng)語態(tài)句里to省略(被動(dòng)語態(tài)句里to要加上）。多數(shù)動(dòng)詞是感官動(dòng)詞和使役動(dòng)詞，包括四“看”：lookat,observe,see,watch，三“讓”：have,let,make，二“聽”：hear,listento，一“感覺”：feel，一“注意”：notice。如：①Thispicturemakesmefeelexcited?、贛rMuagreedtoletmejointheirschooltrip.③Sheoftenseestheboyplayfootballinthepark.(3)有的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)to可帶可不帶，如help后接動(dòng)詞不定式作補(bǔ)語。①Theycanhelpyou(to)learnEnglish.②UsingemailEnglishhelpsyouwritequickly.【拓展】動(dòng)詞不定式的其它用法介紹：（1）用作后置定語定語：句子的主語或賓語是動(dòng)詞不定式的邏輯主語，不定式與其所修飾的名詞、代詞等存在邏輯的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系.①Ihavesomanyclothes(towash)today.②Wehavenohouse(tolivein).③Ihavemuchhomework(todo).（2）用作原因狀語，多見于“sb.+be+adj.+todo...”結(jié)構(gòu)句中。如：①Ifeelveryluckytohaveafriendlikeyou.②Iamsorrytohearthat.（3）用作結(jié)果狀語，多見于“too...to”，“enoughto...”結(jié)構(gòu)句中。如：①I’mtootiredtowalkanyfarther.②Theroomisbigenoughforthreepeopletolivein.=Theroomistoosmallforthreepeopletolivein.③Iranhomequicklytofindmyhouseonfire.（4）用作賓語：常直接跟在及物動(dòng)詞ask,choose,agree,hope,decide,learn,know,wish,want,wouldlike/love等后面作賓語。如：①Wewanttogoshopping.②Heneedstobuyapen.③Tomdecidedtogoswimming.★動(dòng)詞不定式在及物動(dòng)詞后作賓語。動(dòng)詞不定式在不及物動(dòng)詞后常作狀語?！镉械膭?dòng)詞既可接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語，也可接動(dòng)詞ing形式作賓語，但意義區(qū)別比較明顯，如：forget/remembertodosth.（忘記/記住要做某事）；forget/rememberdoingsth.（忘記/記得做過某事）；stoptodosth.（停下來去做另一件事）；stopdoingsth.（停止正在做的事）。（5）用作主語：直接把動(dòng)詞不定式置于句首的情況不多，多數(shù)情況用it作形式主語，把真正的主語——?jiǎng)釉~不定式置于句末，特別是不定式短語較長時(shí)(有時(shí)在不定式的前面還會(huì)用forsb.表示不定式的邏輯主語)。動(dòng)詞不定式作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。帶疑問詞的不定式短語作主語常置于句首，復(fù)合不定式結(jié)構(gòu)作主語常置于句末。如：①Togettherebybikewilltakeushalfanhour.=Itwilltakeushalfanhourtogettherebybike.②It＋be＋形容詞＋forsb＋todosth.Itisdifficultforustofinishtheexercisesinanhour.（difficult修物或事）③It＋be＋形容詞＋ofsb＋todosth.Itiskindofyoutohelpme.(kind修人)（6）用作表語：動(dòng)詞不定式作表語，常說明主語的內(nèi)容、性質(zhì)、特征，通常放在連系動(dòng)詞（主要是be動(dòng)詞）后。如：①M(fèi)ydreamistobeeadoctor.②Myjobistocleanthetoilet.【語法】C.重點(diǎn)短語句型1.takephotosofthebirds拍這些鳥兒的照片2.askustowearapairoffortableshoes叫我們穿一雙舒適的鞋 3.walkalongway走很長的路4.hearsomebirdssinginthetrees聽到一些鳥在樹叢中唱歌【感官動(dòng)詞用法】【回顧】hearsb.dosth.聽到某人做某事（經(jīng)常性事件或聽到全過程）hearsb.doingsth.聽到某人正做某事（事件正在發(fā)生）4.adviseusnottoshoutinthewetlands建議我們不要在濕地大聲地叫5.makesomebirdsflysouthforthewinter使一些鳥兒飛往南方過冬 【這里的south為副詞】=flytothesouthtospendthewinter【這里的south為名詞】四、Integratedskills1.cover/haveanareaofover5000squarekilometers占地面稷5000多平方千米=beover5000squarekilometersinareaYanchengthesecondlargesthometoredcrownedcranes鹽城丹頂鶴的第二大故鄉(xiāng)★behometo=bethehomeof...是....的故鄉(xiāng)3.spendthewinter過冬4.Itisaperfectplacetogobirdwatching.它是一個(gè)觀鳥的好地方。5.theWorldWetlandsDay世界濕地日 6.Wetlandsareimportanttothehealthofpeopleallovertheworld.濕地對(duì)全世界人們的健康是重要的。 7.asksb.foradvice(onsth.)（關(guān)于某事）向某人征求意見8.takeapairofbinocularswithsb隨身帶一副望遠(yuǎn)鏡【takesth.withsb.隨身攜帶某物】9.seethebirdsmoreclearly看鳥看得更清楚10.getthirsty變得口渴11.writedownwhatyousee寫下你所見的【whatyousee做賓語從句】★writedown動(dòng)副詞組→writeit/themdown五、Studyskills動(dòng)詞+er/r/or構(gòu)成名詞。名詞+ist構(gòu)成名詞。erorspeak(動(dòng)詞)speaker說話者visit(動(dòng)詞)visitor參觀者farm(動(dòng)詞：種田)farmer農(nóng)民act(動(dòng)詞)actor男演員paint(動(dòng)詞)painter畫家，油漆匠invent(動(dòng)詞)inventor發(fā)明家play(動(dòng)詞)player運(yùn)動(dòng)員collect(動(dòng)詞)collector收藏家report(動(dòng)詞)reporter記者direct(動(dòng)詞)director導(dǎo)演wait(動(dòng)詞)waiter男服務(wù)員work(動(dòng)詞)worker工人swim(動(dòng)詞)★swimmer游泳者shop(動(dòng)詞)★shopper購物者win(動(dòng)詞)★winner獲勝者ristdrive(動(dòng)詞)driver駕駛員tour(名詞）tourist旅行者write(動(dòng)詞)writer作者art(名詞）★artist藝術(shù)家dance(動(dòng)詞)dancer舞蹈家science(名詞）★scientist科學(xué)家piano(名詞）pianist鋼琴家重點(diǎn)短語句型：1.makebeautifulsounds發(fā)出美妙的聲音2.makedifferentbirdsounds發(fā)出不同的鳥叫聲3.atbirdshows在鳥展現(xiàn)場(chǎng)4.Birdsarepartofourlives.鳥是我們生活中（不可分割）的一部分?！緟^(qū)分】TaiwanispartofChina.臺(tái)灣是中國（不可分割）的一部分。Hespendsapartofhistimereading.他花一小部分時(shí)間（可分割）來讀書。六、Task1.makeanapplication(做)申請(qǐng)2.anapplicationform一份申請(qǐng)表3.interestsandhobbies興趣和愛好4.letmeintroducemyself讓我介紹我自己【introduce(vt.)→introduction(n.)介紹】【拓展】introduceAtoB將A介紹給B（認(rèn)識(shí)）5.Iamveryinterestedinlearningaboutdifferentkindsofplants,birdsandanimals我對(duì)了解不同種類的植物，鳥以及動(dòng)物很感興趣?！綽einterestedindoingsth.】6.thenaturalworld自然界7.takepartinactivities參加活動(dòng)=joininactivities8.beeamemberoftheBirdwatchingSociety成為觀鳥協(xié)會(huì)的一個(gè)成員9.callsbon+號(hào)碼打.......號(hào)碼聯(lián)系某人10.emailsbat+電子郵箱地址用.......電子郵箱發(fā)郵件給某人七、書面表達(dá)請(qǐng)幫助Sandy給觀鳥俱樂部寫一封信（不少于80詞），要求加入俱樂部。包括以下要點(diǎn)：1.我想成為觀鳥俱樂部的一員。2.我是陽光中學(xué)八年級(jí)的學(xué)生，我對(duì)排球很感興趣，我最喜歡的科目體育和科學(xué)。3.我熱愛鳥類，熱愛大自然，要為保護(hù)鳥類做些事。4.每個(gè)星期天上午8點(diǎn)到10點(diǎn)可以參加俱樂部的活動(dòng)。5.聯(lián)系方式：Tel:051187288888.DearSirorMadam，____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________YourssincerelySandy

知識(shí)點(diǎn)測(cè)試單項(xiàng)選擇（共20小題;每小題1分，計(jì)20分）()1.Therichman__________muchfood__________thepoorfamiliesduringthehardtime.A.provides,to B.provides,with C.provided,with D.provided,for()2.Iwanttoputthebookontheshelf.Canyoumake__________forit?A.aspace B.somespaces C.somemoreroomsD.someroom()3.Japanis__________theeastofChinaand__________theeastofAsia.A.in,in B.in,to C.to,in D.to,to()4.Thismathproblemisnot__________forustosolve. A.easyenough B.enougheasy C.easilyenough D.enougheasily()5.—Don’tforgettopostthisletterforme,please.—No,I__________.A.don’t B.won’t C.mustn’t D.can’t()6.Birdscanfindfood_______nowthanbefore.A.easy B.easier C.easily D.moreeasily()7.Theboysmade_______,andthismadehisteacher_______.A.muchnoise;gotangrily B.muchnoise;getangryC.manynoise;getangrily D.manynoise;gotangry()8.—Whichanimaldoyoulike_______ofall?—Snakes.Theyareverydangerous.A.better B.best C.little D.least()9.HanHanisoneof_____teenagerwriterstoday,thoughsomeoldwritersdon’tlikehimverymuch.A.morefamous B.mostfamousC.themostfamous D.famous()10.Thereserveisanimportant_______areafortherareredcrownedcranes.A.live B.alive C.living D.life()11.Thenumberofthebirdsthere_______over5,000.A.is B.are C.be D.were()12.Heateallthefish,_______,hisparentshavenofishtoeat.A.inorderto B.asaresult C.forexample D.moreover()13.I’msorryI’mlateforwork_______theheavytrafficthismorning.A.because B.becauseof C.if D.there’s()14.Whatabeautifulcoat!Wheredidyoubuy_______?Iwanttobuy_______justlikeit.A.it;one B.one;it C.one;one D.it;it()15.Therearetoomanypeopleinthehall.Wedon’thave_______tostandin.A.enoughspace B.enoughspacesC.spacesenough D.spaceenough()16.Theygotupearly_______theearlybus.A.tocatching B.inordertocatch C.catching D.catch()17.—IsTominthenextroom?—Well,it’shardtosay.ButIheardhim_______loudlywhenIpassedbyjustnow.A.speak B.tospeak C.spoken D.speaking()18.Thesesentencesareveryimportant.Please_______.A.writedownit B.writeitdownC.writedownthem D.writethemdown()19._______abookinthelibrary,enterakeywordintotheputer.A.Tofind B.Find C.Towrite D.Write()20.Pleasecallme_______89325678oremailme_______nanjingren@126.A.in;at B.on;at C.at;at D.to;at二、詞匯運(yùn)用（共20空；每空1分，滿分20分）1.ThepotmadeinSongDynastyis______________(罕見的).2.Many______________(觀光者)etoChangshutoenjoythebeautifulview.3.I______________(記錄)whatyousaidlastnight.4.WewanttomakeMike______________(主席)oftheStudentsUnion.5.Takeyour______________(望遠(yuǎn)鏡).Wewillwatchthestarstonight.6.Thiscourse______________(包括)allkindsofwaystopracticeyourEnglish.7.Heisplayingputergames______________(然而)hissisterisstudying.8.Peacockshavecolourful______________(羽毛).9.Practicemakes______________(完美的).10.Allroads______________(帶領(lǐng))toRome.11.Please______________[di'skraib]howtheaccidenthappened.12.Thereisa______________[br?:d]rivernearourschool.13.Thisisa______________['n?t?r?l]lake.Itisverybeautiful.14.Firstletme______________[,intr?'dju:s]myselftoyou.15.Manypeoplecutdowntrees______________(make)moremoney.16Theclubneedsmorestudents______________(help)th