PAGEModule5EthnicCulture課時作業(yè)Ⅰ.閱讀A(2024·浙江高考)Asculturalsymbolsgo,theAmericancarisquiteyoung.TheModelTFordwasbuiltatthePiquettePlantinMichiganacenturyago,withthefirstrollingofftheassemblyline(裝配線)onSeptember27,1908.Onlyelevencarswereproducedthenextmonth.ButeventuallyHenryFordwouldbuildfifteenmillionofthem.ModernAmericawasbornontheroad,behindawheel.ThecarshapedsomeofthemostlastingaspectsofAmericanculture:theroadsidediner,thebillboard,themotel,eventhehamburger.Formostofthelastcentury,thecarrepresentedwhatitmeanttobeAmerican—goingforwardathighspeedtofindnewworlds.Theroadnovel,theroadmovie,thesearethemosttypicalAmericanideas,bornofabundantpetrol,cheapcarsandanever-endinginterstatehighwaysystem,thelargestpublicworksprojectinhistory.In1928HerbertHooverimaginedanAmericawith“achickenineverypotandacarineverygarage.”Sincethen,thissocietyhasmovedonward,neverlookingback,asthecartransformedAmericafromafarm-basedsocietyintoanindustrialpower.ThecarsthatdrovetheAmericanDreamhavehelpedtocreateaglobalecologicaldisaster.InAmericathedemandforoilhasgrownby22percentsince1990.Theproblemsofexcessive(過度的)energyconsumption,climatechangeandpopulationgrowthhavebeendescribedinabookbytheAmericanwriterThomasL.Friedman.Hefearstheworst,buthopesforthebest.Friedmanpointsoutthatthegreeneconomy(經(jīng)濟)isachancetokeepAmericanstrength.“Theabilitytodesign,buildandexportgreentechnologiesforproducingcleanwater,cleanairandhealthyandabundantfoodisgoingtobethecurrencyofpowerinthenewcentury.”篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了汽車對美國文化的造就及產(chǎn)生的影響。1．WhyishamburgermentionedinParagraph2?A．ToexplainAmericans'lovefortravellingbycar.B．ToshowtheinfluenceofcarsonAmericanculture.C．TostressthepopularityoffastfoodwithAmericans.D．TopraisetheeffectivenessofAmerica'sroadsystem.答案：B細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段其次句“ThecarshapedsomeofthemostlastingaspectsofAmericanculture:theroadsidediner,thebillboard,themotel,eventhehamburger.”(汽車塑造了美國文化中一些最長久的層面：路邊小餐館、廣告牌、汽車旅館，甚至是漢堡。)可知，該段提及漢堡是為了顯示汽車對美國文化的影響。故選B。2．WhathastheuseofcarsinAmericaledto?A．Declineofeconomy.B．Environmentalproblems.C．Ashortageofoilsupply.D．Afarm-basedsociety.答案：B推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段第一句以及第五段第一句可推知，美國汽車的運用導致了環(huán)境問題。故選B。3．WhatisFriedman'sattitudetowardsAmerica'sfuture?A．Ambiguous. B．Doubtful.C．Hopeful. D．Tolerant.答案：C推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段最終一句可知，F(xiàn)riedman認為在新世紀能夠設計、構(gòu)建和輸誕生產(chǎn)清潔水、干凈空氣以及健康和足夠食品的綠色技術(shù)將成為新世紀的硬通貨。同時結(jié)合第五段最終一句中的“hopesforthebest”可知，F(xiàn)riedman對美國的將來充溢希望。故選C。【詞匯積累】①representvt.代表；表現(xiàn)；描繪②typicaladj.典型的；有代表性的③abundantadj.大量的；豐富的；充裕的④pointout指出【難句分析】原文：Theabilitytodesign,buildandexportgreentechnologiesforproducingcleanwater,cleanairandhealthyandabundantfoodisgoingtobethecurrencyofpowerinthenewcentury.設計、建立和出口綠色科技用以生產(chǎn)清潔的水和空氣、健康而足夠的食品的這種實力將成為新世紀的硬通貨。(最終一段其次句)分析：本句為簡潔句。句子主干是“Theabilityisgoingtobethecurrency”；“todesign,...andabundantfood”為不定式短語作后置定語，修飾ability;“ofpowerinthenewcentury”為介詞短語作后置定語，修飾currency。B(2024·全國卷Ⅰ)Someoftheworld'smostfamousmusiciansrecentlygatheredinParisandNewOrleanstocelebratethefirstannualInternationalJazzDay.UNESCO(UnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization)recentlysetApril30asadaytoraiseawarenessofjazzmusic,itssignificance,anditspotentialasaunifying(聯(lián)合)voiceacrosscultures.Despitethecelebrations,though,intheUSthejazzaudiencecontinuestoshrinkandgrowolder,andthemusichasfailedtoconnectwithyoungergenerations.It'sJasonMoran'sjobtohelpchangethat.AstheKennedyCenter'sartisticadviserforjazz,Moranhopestowidentheaudienceforjazz,makethemusicmoreaccessible,andpreserveitshistoryandculture.“Jazzseemslikeit'snotreallyapartoftheAmericanappetite，”MorantellsNationalPublicRadio'sreporterNealConan.“WhatI'mhopingtoaccomplishisthatmygenerationandyoungerstarttoreconsiderandunderstandthatjazzisnotblackandwhiteanymore.It'sactuallycolor,andit'sactuallydigital.”Moransaysoneoftheproblemswithjazztodayisthattheentertainmentaspectofthemusichasbeenlost.“Themusiccan'tbepresentedtodaythewayitwasin1908or1958.Ithastocontinuetomove,becausethewaytheworldworksisnotthesame，”saysMoran.Lastyear,MoranworkedonaprojectthatarrangedFatsWaller'smusicforadanceparty,“justtokindofputitbackinthemindthatWallerisdancemusicasmuchasitisconcertmusic，”saysMoran.“Forme,it'stherecontextualization.Inmusic,wheredoestheemotion(情感)lie？Arewe,ashumans,gaininganyinsight(感悟)onhowtotalkaboutourselvesandhowsomethingasabstractasaCharlieParkerrecordgetsusintoadialogueaboutouremotionsandourthoughts？Sometimeswelosesightthatthemusichasawidercontext，”saysMoran,“soIwanttocontinuethosedialogues.ThosearethethingsIwanttofoster.”篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了國際爵士樂日的設立以及爵士樂現(xiàn)在面臨的問題，探討了爵士樂的將來發(fā)展。4．WhydidUNESCOsetApril30asInternationalJazzDay?A．Torememberthebirthofjazz.B．Toprotectculturaldiversity.C．Toencouragepeopletostudymusic.D．Torecognizethevalueofjazz.答案：D細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段最終一句中的“toraiseawarenessofjazzmusic,itssignificance,anditspotentialasaunifying(聯(lián)合)voiceacrosscultures”可知，設立國際爵士樂日是為了提高人們對爵士樂價值的相識。故選D。5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inParagraph3referto?A．Jazzbecomingmoreaccessible.B．Theproductionofjazzgrowingfaster.C．Jazzbeinglesspopularwiththeyoung.D．Thejazzaudiencebecominglarger.答案：C指代推斷題。其次段提到在美國爵士樂的聽眾數(shù)量正在削減，爵士樂未能受到年輕一代的歡迎，第三段首句提到JasonMoran的工作就是要幫助變更這一現(xiàn)象，由此可知that指代“爵士樂不受年輕人歡迎”這一現(xiàn)象。故選C。6．WhatcanweinferaboutMoran'sopiniononjazz?A．Itwilldisappeargradually.B．Itremainsblackandwhite.C．Itshouldkeepupwiththetimes.D．Itchangesevery50years.答案：C推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中JasonMoran的話可知，他認為世界的運作方式跟以前不一樣了，爵士樂也應當跟上時代的步伐。故選C。7．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．ExploringtheFutureofJazzB．TheRiseandFallofJazzC．TheStoryofaJazzMusicianD．CelebratingtheJazzDay答案：A標題推斷題。文章介紹了國際爵士樂日的設立，探討了爵士樂現(xiàn)在面臨的問題，并對其將來的發(fā)展進行了探究，故A項“探究爵士樂的將來”作為標題最合適?！驹~匯積累】①awarenessn.意識，相識②shrinkv.(使)縮小，削減③appetiten.劇烈欲望④accomplishvt.完成；實現(xiàn)；達到【難句分析】原文：Arewe,ashumans,gaininganyinsightonhowtotalkaboutourselvesandhowsomethingasabstractasaCharlieParkerrecordgetsusintoadialogueaboutouremotionsandourthoughts？怎樣談論我們自己，像查理·帕克的唱片那樣抽象的東西如何使我們進入關于我們感情和思想的對話，對此我們?nèi)祟愑幸恍└形騿幔?最終一段第四句)分析：本句為主從復合句。句子的主語是we，ashumans是插入語。on是介詞，表示“關于”，后面接了兩個賓語，第一個是howtotalkaboutourselves，其次個是howsomethingasabstractasaCharlieParkerrecordgetsusintoadialogueaboutouremotionsandourthoughts。C(2024·全國卷Ⅲ)MinutesafterthelastmovieendedyesterdayatthePlazaTheater,employeeswerebusysweepinguppopcornsandgatheringcokecups.Itwasascenethathadbeenrepeatedmanytimesinthetheater's75-yearhistory.Thistime,however,thecleanupwasalittledifferent.Asonegroupofworkerscarriedouttherubbish,anothergroupbeganremovingseatsandothertheaterequipmentinpreparationforthebuilding'send.ThefilmclassicTheLastPictureShowwasthelastmovieshownintheoldtheater.Thoughthemovieis30yearsold,mostofthe250seatswerefilledwithteary-eyedaudiencewantingtosaygood-byetotheoldbuilding.TheaterownerEdBradfordsaidhechosethemoviebecauseitseemedappropriate.Themovieissetinasmalltownwheretheonlymovietheaterispreparingtoclosedown.BradfordsaidthatlargemoderntheatersinthecitymadeitimpossibleforthePlazatocompete.Headdedthatthetheater'slocation(位置)wasalsoareason.“Thisusedtobethecenteroftown，”hesaid.“Nowtheareaismostlyofficebuildingsandwarehouses.”Lastweeksomecityofficialssuggestedthecitymightbeinterestedinturningtheoldtheaterintoamuseumandpublicmeetingplace.However,theseplanswereabandonedbecauseoffinancialproblems.Bradfordsoldthebuildingandlandtoalocaldevelopmentfirm,whichplanstobuildashoppingcomplexonthelandwherethetheaterislocated.Thetheateraudiencesaidgood-byeasBradfordlockedthedoorsforthelasttime.After75yearsthePlazaTheaterhasshownitslastmovie.Thetheaterwillbemissed.篇章導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講解并描述了一家有著75年歷史的老電影院即將被拆除，很多觀眾含著眼淚看完了在這家電影院放映的最終一部電影并與其道別。8．Inwhatwaywasyesterday'scleanupatthePlazaspecial?A．Itmaderoomfornewequipment.B．Itsignaledtheclosedownofthetheater.C．Itwasdonewiththehelpoftheaudience.D．Itmarkedthe75thanniversaryofthetheater.答案：B細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段最終兩句可知，這次清掃工作有點兒不同，清理完垃圾后，工作人員也要把椅子和其他影院設備搬走，因為這個電影院要關門了。故選B。9．WhywasTheLastPictureShowputon?A．Itwasanall-timeclassic.B．Itwasaboutthehistoryofthetown.C．Theaudiencerequestedit.D．Thetheaterownerfounditsuitable.答案：D細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段倒數(shù)其次句可知，影院選擇放映電影TheLastPictureShow，是因為影院老板認為它比較合適。故選D。10．Whatwillprobablyhappentothebuilding?A．Itwillberepaired.B．Itwillbeturnedintoamuseum.C．Itwillbeknockeddown.D．Itwillbesoldtothecitygovernment.答案：C推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段最終一句可知，Bradford把樓和地賣給了一家產(chǎn)地的開發(fā)公司，這家公司準備在這個地方建一家購物中心，所以可以推斷出，這個樓會被拆除。故選C。11．Whatcanweinferabouttheaudience?A．TheyaredisappointedwithBradford.B．Theyaresadtopartwiththeoldtheater.C．Theyaresupportiveofthecityofficials.D．Theyareeagertohaveashoppingcenter.答案：B推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段其次句可知，觀眾對電影院很有感情，揮淚告辭這座老建筑。故選B?！驹~匯積累】①removevt.移動②inpreparationfor為……作準備③appropriateadj.適當?shù)蘑躢omplexn.(類型相像的)建筑群【難句分析】原文：Thoughthemovieis30yearsold,mostofthe250seatswerefilledwithteary－eyedaudiencewantingtosaygood－byetotheoldbuilding.盡管這部電影有三十年的歷史了，可劇院里的250個座位大多坐滿了熱淚盈眶的觀眾，要向這座古老的劇院說聲道別。(其次段其次句)分析：本句是一個主從復合句，主句是mostofthe250seatswerefilledwithteary－eyedaudience，though引導讓步狀語從句，現(xiàn)在分詞短語wantingtosaygood－byetotheoldbuilding作后置定語修飾名詞audience。Ⅱ.語法填空(2024·內(nèi)蒙古鄂爾多斯市第一中學高三月考)ElisabethKubler－RosswasborninZurich,Switzerlandin1926.Inspiteofherfather'sobjections,Elisabethwasdeterminedatanearlyage1(study)medicineandin1957receivedhermedicaldegreefromtheUniversityofZurich.In1958shemarriedDrEmanuelRoss,2American,whoalsostudiedmedicineattheuniversityandtheymovedtotheUStofulfilltheirmedicaldreams3(well)．WhileworkingatManhattanStateHospital,DrKubler－Ross4(horrify)bytheroutineneglectandpoortreatmentofmentalpatients.Itwasherethatshebeganherlifelongapproachtomedicalpracticeasshedevelopedaprogramofindividualcareandattentionforeachpatient.Thisapproachresulted5significantimprovementinthementalhealthof94%ofherpatients.In1965,DrKubler－Rosspublishedherfirstbook,OnDeathandDying,a1969worldwidebestseller.6(base)onhermanypatientinterviews,sheidentifiedthefivenow7(wide)acceptedstagesthatpatientsgothroughastheyapproachdeath:denial,anger,bargaining，8(depress)andacceptance.Dur