SB1U2Grammar-ingandto-infinitiveasobjectLearningobjectivesLearningaims:1.常接動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語的動(dòng)詞、短語2.常接動(dòng)詞不定式形式作賓語的動(dòng)詞3.既可接動(dòng)詞-ing形式又可接動(dòng)詞不定式形式作賓語的動(dòng)詞、短語4.it作形式賓語避免、錯(cuò)過、少延期：

avoid,miss,putoff建議、完成、多練習(xí)：suggest,finish,practise喜歡、想像，禁不?。篹njoy,imagine,can’thelp承認(rèn)、否定、與妒嫉：admit,deny,envy逃避、冒險(xiǎn)、莫原諒：escape,risk,excuse忍受、保持、不介意：stand,keep,mind1.1常接動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語的動(dòng)詞(短語)appreciate,permit,allow,giveup,keepon,feellike,beusedto,lookforwardto...1.2其他接動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語的動(dòng)詞(短語)1.(2022全國甲卷)Thewayyouhandlechopsticksisimportanttoavoid_________yourcompanions.(annoy)2.Theforeignfriendsarelookingforwardto__________aroundourschool.(show)3.Thebirdwasluckyanditjustmissed____________bythehunter.(catch)4.Hiswifedoesn’tallow_______insidetheroombutallowshim__________outsidetheroom.（smoke）1.3Haveatry!annoyingbeingshownbeingcaughtsmokingtosmokeavoiddoingsth.動(dòng)名詞做avoid的賓語lookforwardtodoingsth.動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)做賓語missdoingsth.動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)做miss的賓語allowdoingsth.動(dòng)名詞做allow的賓語allowsb.todosth.不定式作賓補(bǔ)，賓語是sb決心學(xué)會(huì)想希望：decide/determine,learn,want,expect/wish拒絕設(shè)法愿假裝：refuse,manage,care,pretend主動(dòng)答應(yīng)選計(jì)劃：offer,promise,choose,plan同意請(qǐng)求幫一幫：agree,ask\beg,help2.1常接動(dòng)詞不定式形式作賓語的動(dòng)詞afford,aim,seem,hope,fail,happen,guarantee...2.2其他接動(dòng)詞不定式形式作賓語的動(dòng)詞1.(2022全國乙卷)However,somehighsugarbrands,likeClassicCocaCola,haveacceptedthesugartaxandarerefusing___________(change)forfearofupsettingconsumers.2.shepretended______________(listen)tothemanager,butactuallyshewasthinkingaboutsomethingelse2.3Haveatry!tochangetobedoingsth.不定式的進(jìn)行時(shí)做pretend的賓語，意為“假裝正在聽”tobelisteningtodosth.不定式做refuse的賓語，意為“拒絕改變”3.WithWechatbecomingmoreandmorepopularinChina,weseem____________________(lose)theartofcommunication.2.3Haveatry!tobelosingseemtobedoingsth.不定式的進(jìn)行時(shí)做seem賓語,意為“好像正在丟失”2.4、接不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語，通常有三種形式：(1)一般式：表示的動(dòng)作與謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作(狀態(tài))同時(shí)發(fā)生，或是在它之后發(fā)生。當(dāng)動(dòng)詞不定式的邏輯主語是其所表示的動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者時(shí)，用主動(dòng)形式(todo)；當(dāng)動(dòng)詞不定式的邏輯主語是其所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，用被動(dòng)形式(tobedone)。Heappearstobeveryhappy.他看起來很高興。Ihopetoseeyouagain.我希望再見到你。Herefusedtobephotographed.他拒絕讓人拍照。2.4、接不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞(2)進(jìn)行式(tobedoing)：動(dòng)詞不定式所表示的動(dòng)作與謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，并強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的持續(xù)性或動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。IthappenedtoberainingwhenIgotthere.我到達(dá)那里的時(shí)候，碰巧在下雨。(3)完成式(tohavedone)：動(dòng)詞不定式所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前。

Heseemstohavecutoffthewatersupply.＝Itseemsthathehascutoffthewatersupply.

他好像已切斷了供水。3.1意義不同：remembertodo記住要去做rememberdoing記得做過foregettodo忘記去做forgetdoing忘記做了regrettodo遺憾地要去做regretdoing后悔做過meantodo打算去做meandoing意味著goontodo接著去做（另一件事）goondoing繼續(xù)做（同一件事）can’thelptodo不能幫忙做can’thelpdoing禁不住做3.既可接動(dòng)詞ing形式又可接不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞（短語）3.2意義差別不大：表示“愛憎喜惡”的情感類動(dòng)詞hate,love,like,prefer3.2.2begin,start,continue等少數(shù)（時(shí)間變化的瞬時(shí)）動(dòng)詞3.2.3接動(dòng)詞ing形式的主動(dòng)形式和動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)形式做賓語時(shí)，意義相同：

“四需要”：need,requie,want,demand,即主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義。

Myshirtneedswashing.＝Myshirtneedstobewashed.

我的襯衫該洗了。3.2意義差別不大：1.Theteacherregretted________(tell)Tomhedidn’tpasstheexam,andTomregrettednot_______(study)hard.2.HisT-shirtrequires____________________(wash)everydaybecauseitissohot.3.3Haveatry!totellstudyingtobewashed/washing4.it作形式賓語記住句型“6123”結(jié)構(gòu):“6”指主句中常用的動(dòng)詞:think,believe/suppose,make,find,consider,feel;“1”指的是形式賓語it;“2”指的是賓補(bǔ)的兩種形式:形容詞或名詞;“3”指的是真正賓語的三種形式:不定式短語,動(dòng)名詞短語或that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。此結(jié)構(gòu)中,it是形式賓語,其后的adj.或n.是賓語補(bǔ)足語,而動(dòng)名詞/不定式/賓語從句才是真正的賓語。vt.+it+賓補(bǔ)(nouse/nogood/useless/awasteoftime)

+doing...①Ithinkitnousediscussingthematteragain.

我認(rèn)為再討論此事沒有用處了。②Doyouconsideritanygoodtryingagain?

你覺得再試一下會(huì)有好處嗎?vt.+it+adj./n.+(forsb./sth.)+真正的賓語(vt:think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/find)doingsth.

/

todosth./that從句vt.+it+賓補(bǔ)(adj./n.)+(forsb.)todo.../賓語從句Shehasmadeitaruletogooutforawalkaftersupper.

她養(yǎng)成了晚飯后出去散步的習(xí)慣。Ifeelitpleasanttoworkwithyou.

我覺得與你共事是件令人愉快的事。ImustmakeitclearthatI'llalwayssupportyou.我必須說清楚我會(huì)一直支持你。1.Ifeelitmyhonor____________(make)friendswithyou.2.Ithinkitnouse___________(argue)overthematterwithhimagain.3.Wethinkitnecessary______wereadEnglishaloudeveryday.4.GeneratationXerswithyoungfamilies,likemywifeandI,canstillfinditconvenient_________(have)ahomephoneratherthanprovidingamobilephoneforeveryfamilymember.Practicetomakearguingthattohave5.Wouldy