非謂語動詞Nonfiniteverb非謂語動詞是指在句子中不作謂語成分的動詞形式。非謂語動詞動名詞分詞現(xiàn)在分詞過去分詞動詞不定式形式與構(gòu)型

不定式主動形式被動形式一般式

進(jìn)行式

完成式

動名詞或現(xiàn)在分詞主動形式被動形式一般式完成式過去分詞------------形式與構(gòu)型

不定式主動形式被動形式一般式todotobedone進(jìn)行式tobedoing完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone動名詞或現(xiàn)在分詞主動形式被動形式一般式doingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendone過去分詞done------------

主語

定語

賓語

表語

狀語賓語補(bǔ)足語不定式

過去分詞

v-ing形式

主語

定語

賓語

表語

狀語賓語補(bǔ)足語不定式

過去分詞

×

×

v-ing形式

典例一：1.Fromthe______smileonhisface,Iknowtheperformancewas______.(satisfy)2.The____________voiceofthemanmadeallofusfeel____________(frighten).3.Thenewswasvery____________（disappoint）.Everyonewas____________atthenews.4.Itwasavery____________journey.（tire)Those____________horsesandsoldiersrefusedtofightanylonger.典例一：1.satisfiedsatisfying2.frighteningfrightened3.disappointingdisappointed4.tiringtiredConclusion:非謂語動詞ving和ved可以作表語和定語，這些非謂語動詞已經(jīng)被形容詞化，ving通常表示令人什么的，ved通常表人感到什么的，解題關(guān)鍵是找準(zhǔn)修飾對象。修飾人的look，expression，tear，voice,smile等通常用ved形式，也有例外，如例題2.典例二：1.When________differentcultures,weoftenpayattentiononlytothedifferenceswithoutnoticingthemanysimilarities.(compare)2.____________withtheescapeddriver,IamproudofwhatIdid.(compare)3._________(compare)theprevioustask,andyouwillfindthisoneseemsasmallchallenge.4.HongKong’sstockmarketfell,____________(set)offaglobalfinancialcrisis.5.Hehurriedtothestadiumwithoutsupper,only__________（tell）thefootballmatchwasputoff.典例2：1.comparing2.Compared3.Compare4.setting5.tobetold6.____________(suffer)suchagreatlossinhislife,healmostlostthehopeforlife.7._______________(stick)intrafficforoveranhour,wefailedtocatchourflight.8.MyteachersaidIsetagoodexampletoallofmyclassmates,_________(add)thateveryoneshouldlearnfromme.9.Thehouseiscomfortableto_________(live)10.____________(judge)fromhisexpressiononhisface,weknowhehaspassedthefinalexam.6.Nothavingsuffered7.Havingbeenstuck8.adding9.livein10.JudgingConclusion:1.分詞作狀語，主動關(guān)系用ving,被動關(guān)系用ved.2.ving和todo作結(jié)果狀語的區(qū)別。3.havingdone和havingbeendone的動作要先于主句謂語動詞的動作，且在句中只能作狀語。4.獨(dú)立成分作狀語要記牢，其形式的選擇不受上下文的影響。5.主語+be+形容詞+不定式，不定式的動詞必須是及物動詞或不及物動詞+介詞。典例三：1.Yongasheis,hehasabigfamily____________(support).2.Thelivingroomiscleanandtidy,withadiningtablealreadylaidforameal____________(cook).3.Iamgoingtoseemysonnextweek.Doyouhaveanything____________(take)toyourson.4.Heistheonlyperson____________(know)thetruth.Itisthefirststonebridge_________(build)intheancientChina.5.Thetemple____________(date)backtoQindynastyhasalonghistory.6.Theshortfilm,__________(consist)oftwoparts,introducesthepresentsituationofourschool.1.tosupport2.tobecooked3.tobetaken4.toknowbuilt5.dating6.consisting7.Thebook_________(belong)toourschoollibraryissaidtobepopularamongstudents.8.Thestone____________(weigh)100tonsishardforustomoveaway.9.—Didn’tyouseethesign,____________(say)“NOPHOTO”.—I’mreallysorryIdidn’t.10.Themeasures____________(refer)toatthemeetingjustnowwillbetakentosolvetheriverpollution.11.Themethod____________(discuss)nowinourclassiswellworthtrying.7.belonging8.weighing9.saying10.referred11.beingdiscussedConclusion:1.不定式做后置定語注意主動和被動的區(qū)別2.不要看到有序數(shù)詞，形容詞最高級，thelast,theonly等或被這些詞修飾的名詞或代詞就用todo,要視具體情況而定。3.ving與修飾詞之間是主動關(guān)系,ved與修飾詞之間是被動關(guān)系且表完成，beingdone與修飾詞之間是被動關(guān)系且表示正在進(jìn)行

。4.不及物動詞做后置定語常用ving形式，做前置定語ving表示動作正在進(jìn)行，ved只表示動作已完成，不表被動。典例四：1.Manypeopleclaim___________(see)Bigfootbuttheydonotagreeonwhatheorshelookslike.2.Theboypretended________________(concentrate)onhislesson,butinfacthismindwaswandering.3.It’shightimethatweshouldforbid__________(set)offfireworks.4.Whoeverbreaksthelawwillneverescape____________(punish).5.Istillremember_______(take)totheFamentempleandwhatIsawthere.典例四：1.tohaveseen2.tobeconcentrating3.setting4.beingpunished5.beingtaken6.Theheavyrainresultedinthesportsmeeting’s_________(put)off.7.Youcan’timaginethegreattroubleIhad_________（find）yourhouseyesterday.8.Alotofsmalltownsinthisareaaredefinitelyworth__________(visit).9.Inmyopinion,theopeningceremonyofthemusicfestivaliswellworthyof________(watch).10.Iconsideritnouse___________(quarrel)withhimaboutit.6.beingput7.finding8.visiting9.beingwatched10.quarrellingConclusion:1.熟記哪些動詞+todo作賓語,哪些動+doing作賓語，哪些動詞后+todo或+doing作賓語有區(qū)別。2.熟記介詞短語和含有介詞的固定句型后+doing3.特殊用法beworthdoingwant/need/require/deserve+dong/tobedone典例五：

1.Thestudents’Unioncalledonus___________(give)away

thebooksto

thestudentsinthelowergrades.2.Trainingforthevolleyballgamecanhavebothourbodyandteamwork_________(strengthen).3.Theplaneistakingoffrightnow,pleaseremainseatedandkeepyourseatbelts_______________(fasten).4.Youshouldn’thavekepther_______(wait)fortwohoursinsuchcoldweather.5.Ifeelanurgetomakemyvoice___________(hear).典例五：1.togive2.strengthened3.fastened4.waiting5.heard6.IwaswaitingformyfriendwhenIsuddenlyspottedamannotfarfromme______(stare)atme.7.Heissaid_______________(go)abroadforfurthereducationfortwoyears.8.Withsomanyessays_____________(write),shewon’thavetimetogoshoppingthismorning.9.withtheboy_____________(lead)theway,Ihadnodifficultyfindinghishouse.10.Helayinbed,

withhiseyes__________(fix)ontheroofandwanderingwhattodonext.

6.staring7.tohavegone8.towrite9.leading10.fixedConclusion:1.熟記哪些動詞+賓語+todo作賓補(bǔ)，哪些動詞+賓語+ving作賓補(bǔ)，哪些動詞+賓語+ved做賓補(bǔ)，注意變成被動后，賓補(bǔ)變主補(bǔ)。2.with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中賓補(bǔ)的用法。典例六：1.

______________(have)agoodcommandofEnglishgivesmeconfidencetoserveasabridgebetweenChinaandBritain.2.

Seeingis______________(believe).3.

______________(see)istobelieve.4.

_________(take)inlessfatanddoingmoreexercisewillkeepyouingoodshape.5.

_____________(watch)newsonTvhasbecomearoutineforme.

1.Having2.believing3.Tosee4.Taking5.Watching6.

Itisawasteoftime____________(discuss)suchkindofthings.7.

Theonlythingthatshewantstodonowis_____________(go)foraholiday.8.

Thefirstthinghedidwas_____(accept)theinvitationtospeakattheconference.9.

Thekeyto_________(solve)theunemploymentproblemis______(provide)morejobs.6.discussing7.(to)go8.(to)accept9.solving10.toprovideConclusion:1.todo作主語表具體某一次的動作，常用it作形式主語。動名詞作主語表抽象的或習(xí)慣性的動作。常用it作形式主語，動名詞作主語的句型要記牢。2.todo作表語（1）表預(yù)定要發(fā)生的動作（2）當(dāng)主語是aim,purpose,idea,plan,key,wish等時(shí)常用todo作表語。（3）主語為what引到的主語從句用不定式作表語。注意：如果前面有實(shí)義動詞do的形式，作表語的不定式要省to.3.現(xiàn)在分詞，過去分詞作表語的區(qū)別見典例1.

WelcometoAnyueAnyue,_________(locate)inthesoutheastofSichuanprovince,isaverysmallcounty.Althoughonly________(cover)anareaofabout2700squarekilometres,ithasapopulationofmorethanonemillion.Thecityisnotbigbutfullofenergy.Thereareseveralreasonsfor_________(choose)Anyueasanidealplace_________(visit)foryourvacation.Firstly,theclimateissomildandwarm,__________(average)25centigradesallaroundtheyearandtheairissofreshandclean________(breathe).Besides,ifyouare_________(interest)infood,therearealotoflocalproductsforyou_________(choose)fr