ICS07.060

CCSA47

中華人民共和國國家標準

GB/T44953—2024

雷電災害調(diào)查技術規(guī)范

Technicalspecificationforlightningdisasterinvestigation

2024?11?28發(fā)布2025?03?01實施

國家市場監(jiān)督管理總局

國家標準化管理委員會發(fā)布

GB/T44953—2024

目次

前言··························································································································Ⅲ

1范圍·······················································································································1

2規(guī)范性引用文件········································································································1

3術語和定義··············································································································1

4調(diào)查流程·················································································································1

5調(diào)查內(nèi)容·················································································································2

6分析鑒定·················································································································3

7調(diào)查報告編制···········································································································4

8評價與改進··············································································································5

附錄A（資料性）雷電災害現(xiàn)場調(diào)查表樣式········································································6

附錄B（資料性）雷擊熔痕和人體傷害癥狀········································································7

附錄C（資料性）雷電災害損失統(tǒng)計·················································································8

附錄D（規(guī)范性）雷電災害等級·······················································································9

附錄E（資料性）雷電災害調(diào)查報告提綱樣式····································································10

參考文獻····················································································································11

Ⅰ

GB/T44953—2024

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《標準化工作導則第1部分：標準化文件的結(jié)構(gòu)和起草規(guī)則》的規(guī)

定起草。

請注意本文件的某些內(nèi)容可能涉及專利。本文件的發(fā)布機構(gòu)不承擔識別專利的責任。

本文件由中國氣象局提出。

本文件由全國氣象防災減災標準化技術委員會（SAC/TC345）歸口。

本文件起草單位：安徽省氣象災害防御技術中心、中國人民解放軍31010部隊、杭州天湖智能科技

有限公司、國家氣象中心、中科天際科技股份有限公司、南京氣象科技創(chuàng)新研究院、安徽省黃山氣象管

理處、安徽省氣象局財務核算中心、河北省信息工程學校、北京市氣象探測中心、安徽師范大學、安徽華

云氣象災害風險評估中心、安徽升輝檢測有限公司。

本文件主要起草人：陶寅、李麗、邱陽陽、劉巖、張?zhí)?、夏珅寧、李根、陶國清、王新來、梁景峰、

張嘉儀、莊道全、孫鵬、鄒俊斌、王韞喆、李京校、戴燦星、吳義成、朱浩、張輝、張永芹、張杰、史躍玲、

高攀亮、王麗清、關象石。

Ⅲ

GB/T44953—2024

雷電災害調(diào)查技術規(guī)范

1范圍

本文件確立了雷電災害的調(diào)查流程，規(guī)定了雷電災害的調(diào)查內(nèi)容、分析鑒定、調(diào)查報告編制的要

求，并描述了對應的證實方法。

本文件適用于雷電災害調(diào)查工作。

2規(guī)范性引用文件

下列文件中的內(nèi)容通過文中的規(guī)范性引用而構(gòu)成本文件必不可少的條款。其中，注日期的引用文

件，僅該日期對應的版本適用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改單）適用于

本文件。

GB/T13870.4—2017電流對人和家畜的效應第4部分：雷擊效應

GB/T16840.2—2021電氣火災痕跡物證技術鑒定方法第2部分：剩磁檢測法

GB/T16840.4—2021電氣火災痕跡物證技術鑒定方法第4部分：金相分析法

3術語和定義

下列術語和定義適用于本文件。

3.1

雷電災害lightningdisaster

因雷擊對生命體、建（構(gòu)）筑物、電氣和電子系統(tǒng)等所造成的損害。

3.2

雷電災害調(diào)查lightningdisasterinvestigation

雷電災害的現(xiàn)場勘察和取證、資料收集、技術鑒定和分析、評估并做出結(jié)論的過程。

3.3

剩磁residualmagnetism

鐵磁體被導線短路電流或雷擊電流形成的磁場磁化后所保留的磁性。

[來源：GB/T16840.2—2021，3.1]

3.4

雷電定位系統(tǒng)lightninglocationsystem；LLS

閃電定位系統(tǒng)

通過探測雷電放電過程中產(chǎn)生的電磁輻射信號，采用多種雷電定位技術和方法，來確定雷電發(fā)生

時間、位置、極性等多項雷電參數(shù)的系統(tǒng)。

注：由多個設在不同地理位置的雷電傳感器（又稱子站）、數(shù)