Unit4NaturalDisastersDiscoveringUsefulStructurestherelativeclausesPleasedecidewhatkindofclausethefollowingcompoundsentencescontain1.IknowthatChineseisaverydifficultlanguage.2.IhavetothinkabouthowIcanspeakChinesefluently.3.MyhopeisthatIcanspeakChinesefluently.4.ItisknownthatChineseisaverydifficultlanguage.5.IcanspeakChinesefluentlyifIpractiseasoftenaspossible.6.IhopetospeakChinesefluentlywhenIgraduate.7.Chineseisalanguagethatisdifficulttolearn.8.ChineseisalanguagewhichisplayinganimportantroleinourlifeLearningobjectivesAftertheclassstudentswillbeableto1.understandthedefinition(定義)

oftherelativeclauseandthefunctions(功能)

ofrelativepronouns(關(guān)系代詞)byanalyzing2.userelativepronounscorrectlyinspecificcontextsbypracticingrepeatedly.Activity1Findtherelativeclausesinthefollowingsentencesandthepositionoftherelativeclause1.TheTangshanearthquakewasaterribleexperiencethatmygrandmacannotforget.2.Thesupplieswhichwereprovidedtothedisasterareawerecollectedfromaroundthecountry.3.AdoctorwithwhomJamesusedtoworkdiedinthe2016earthquakeinEcuador.4.Thereweredeepcracksthatappearedinthewellwalls.5.Twothirdsofthepeoplewholivedthereweredeadorinjured.6.Soonafterthequakes,thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.7.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.

thedefinition(定義)

oftherelativeclause在復(fù)合句中，修飾名詞、代詞或句子的從句叫作定語(yǔ)從句Thereweredeepcracksthatappearedinthewellwalls.Heisateacherwhomwehavelearntalotfrom.Successoftencomestothosewhohaveconfidenceinthemselves.ImadegreatprogressinEnglish,whichmademeexcited.Itrainedheavilyallday,whichkeptusindoors.Classification(類別)ofrelativeclausestherestrictiverelativeclause(限制性定語(yǔ)從句）andthenon-restrictiveclause(非限制性定語(yǔ)從句）Watchcarefullyandtellthedifferencesbetweenthefollowingrelativeclauses1.Thisistheverybookthatyouarelookingfor.2.Iwastheonlypersonwhowasinvited.3.MyhomelandisChina,whichhasalonghistoryandsplendidculture.4.LastnightImetlihua,whoseemedtobeverybusy.5.Shetoldmealie,whichmademeangry.限制性定語(yǔ)從句是先行詞不可缺少的部分，去掉后，主句的意思表達(dá)不明確。非限制性定語(yǔ)從句是對(duì)先行詞進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，去掉之后，往往不影響主句意思的表達(dá)1.Thisisabookthatinterestsalargenumberofpeople.2.Themanwholivesnexttousisapoliceofficer.3.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.4.Theprizewillgotothewriterwhosestoryshowsthemostimagination.被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的詞叫作先行詞。定語(yǔ)從句一般緊跟在它所修飾的先行詞之后。引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞叫作關(guān)系詞.關(guān)系詞分為關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。關(guān)系代詞有which、that、who、whom、whose,關(guān)系副詞有when、where、why.關(guān)系詞中，that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句觀察下列句子，分析先行詞和關(guān)系代詞的特征和作用1.Thisisabookthat/whichinterestsalargenumberofpeople.2.Thisisthebook(that/which)Iboughtyesterday.3.Theexpertwho/thatvisitedourschoolyesterdayisfromCnada.4.Theexpert(who/whom/that)wemetinourschoolyestardayisfromCnada.5.sheisthegirlwhosebrotherisstudyingabroad.6.HehaswrittenabookwhosenameIhaveforgotten.關(guān)系代詞whichthatwhowhomwhose在定語(yǔ)從句中的作用：引導(dǎo)從句，代替先行詞并在從句中充當(dāng)成分。先行詞關(guān)系代詞指代成分作用備注whichthatwhowhomwhose指物作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)指人

指物作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)指人指人指人

指物作賓語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)可省略作賓語(yǔ)可省略作賓語(yǔ)可省略作賓語(yǔ)可省略Activity2關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句用法1.關(guān)系代詞which指物,在從句中做主語(yǔ)

賓語(yǔ)2.關(guān)系代詞that既可以指人又可以指物,在從句中做主語(yǔ)

賓語(yǔ)3.關(guān)系代詞who指人,在從句中做主語(yǔ)

賓語(yǔ)4.關(guān)系代詞whom指人,在從句中做賓語(yǔ)5.關(guān)系代詞whose即可指人又可以指物，在從句中做定語(yǔ)6.關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中做賓語(yǔ)時(shí),可以省略用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞填空1.Aplaneisamachine___________canfly.2.Thefish___________weboughtthismorningwerenotfresh.3.Thegirl_______________wesawyesterdaywasJim’ssister.4.Theboy___________brokethewindowiscalledTom5.Thisisthefactory__________wasbuiltlastyear.6.Thisisthefactory__________wevisitedlastyear.7.Theinjuredboy_________motherwaslostinthedisasterwastakentothehospital.8.YesterdayIsawafilm________leadingactorisworld-famous.that/whichthat/whichwho/whom/thatwho/thatthat/whichthat/whichwhosewhose將下面幾組簡(jiǎn)單句合并為含定語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句1.Ihavereadthenewspaper.Itcarriestheimportantnews.2.Ifoundthebook.Ilostityesterday.3.Italkedwiththeman.Hishousewasdestroyedintheflood.4.Heisaman.youcansafelydependonhim.5.Werespectthedoctor.HeledthefightwithCOVID-19inWuhanIhavereadthenewspaperwhich/thatcarriestheimportantnewsIfoundthebookthat/whichIlostyesterday.Italkedwiththemanwhosehousewasdestroyedintheflood.Heisamanwho/whom/thatyoucansafelydependonWerespectthedoctorwho/thatledthefightwithCOVID-19inWuhan1.Thisisthehouse___________welivedinlastyear. Thisisthehousein_______welivedlastyear.2.Thefactory___________Ionceworkedinhastakenonanewlook. Thefactoryin_____Ionceworkedhastakenonanewlook.3.Heistheperson_________________youcanturntoforhelp. Heisthepersonto_______youcanturnforhelp.4.Heisacleverboy________________hisparentsareproudof.Heisacleverboyof______hisparentsareproud.關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中做介詞賓語(yǔ)的用法:介詞提前，指物時(shí)用關(guān)系代詞_______.指人時(shí)用關(guān)系代詞_______that/whichwhichthat/whichwhichwho/that/whomwhomwho/whom/thatwhomwhichwhom用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞填空1.Heisateacherfrom________wecanlearnalot.2.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthecityin______welive.3.Shehasmanynovels,someof______areinteresting.4.Thedoctorwith_______youusedtoworkdiedintheearthquake.5.Thewomanwroteathank-youlettertothesoldierby_____shewasrescued.whomwhichwhichwhomwhom但在下列情況下在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系代詞指物時(shí)用that不用which1.當(dāng)先行詞為allanythingeverythingnothing等不定代詞時(shí)

HesetdowneverythingthatIsaid.Hedidallthathecouldtohelpme.2.當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)

ThisisthemostbeautifulcitythatIhavevisited.

ThefirstlessonthatIhavelearnedwillneverbeforgotten.3.當(dāng)先行詞被all,every,theonly,thevery,theright修飾時(shí)

Heisreadingtheverybookthatyougavehimlastnight.HeateallthefoodthatwasprovidedbyMom.Thatistheonly

thingthatwecandonow.4.當(dāng)先行詞既指人又指物時(shí)

Weoftentalkaboutthepersonsandthingsthatweremember.關(guān)系代詞th