沖刺2022年高考閱讀七選五針對(duì)練（三）閱讀七選五——先定性·再定位命題專家有話說高考狀元傳經(jīng)驗(yàn)詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)指以不同的詞類、詞性、數(shù)、格、時(shí)態(tài)及語(yǔ)態(tài)等形式出現(xiàn)。重點(diǎn)閱讀選項(xiàng)的前后兩句，鎖定關(guān)鍵詞，查找相關(guān)特征詞。定關(guān)鍵詞務(wù)必細(xì)心，仔細(xì)看清楚代詞等關(guān)鍵詞，這是解題關(guān)鍵所在。代詞指代常用代詞有it，they，this，these，them，all等?？吹竭x項(xiàng)前后句中出現(xiàn)的代詞，一定要重視。關(guān)注邏輯有些句子之間沒有連接詞，能悟出句與句之間的轉(zhuǎn)折、并列、遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，是一種能力。邏輯關(guān)系通常指轉(zhuǎn)折、對(duì)比、并列和遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。注意選項(xiàng)中所講內(nèi)容是否與前后句講的是同一主題。關(guān)注句式分句減少了難度，但不可掉以輕心。意義一致有些干擾選項(xiàng)的句型結(jié)構(gòu)符合題目，但與上下文意義不符，要注意區(qū)分。意義對(duì)等前后句之間的意義是一致的，這是近幾年高考設(shè)題的傾向。包括釋義法、歸納法和邏輯推理法。避開干擾主旨概括類選項(xiàng)不僅邏輯上能統(tǒng)領(lǐng)下文，而且意義上也能全面覆蓋下文，注意繞開以偏概全的干擾選項(xiàng)。第一講“讀、析、尋、代”，快解七選五專家說考情高考新考法學(xué)霸好聲音七選五近3年全國(guó)卷共10套卷，8套考說明文，2021年新高考全國(guó)卷Ⅰ的記敘文，2019年全國(guó)卷Ⅱ考查的議論文。七選五語(yǔ)篇選材主題和學(xué)生的生活學(xué)習(xí)息息相關(guān)，實(shí)用性較強(qiáng)。①2021年新高考全國(guó)卷Ⅰ中七選五選項(xiàng)設(shè)置3個(gè)整句，2020年山東卷選項(xiàng)設(shè)置5個(gè)整句，沒有考查分句部分。②語(yǔ)篇表達(dá)地道，更加強(qiáng)調(diào)熟詞及短句的隱含情感色彩，由此我們可以做出恰當(dāng)?shù)倪壿嬇袛啵瑢ふ业皆~匯線索。做完題之后一定要將選項(xiàng)代入原文，核實(shí)上下文語(yǔ)意是否連貫，邏輯線索是否清晰合理，詞匯線索是否一致。2021·全國(guó)卷乙詞數(shù)：240建議用時(shí)：10minutesAccordingtoJessicaHagy,authorofHowtoBeInteresting,it'snotdifficulttomakeyourselfinterestingatadinnerparty.__36__，ifyou'reoutofyourcomfortzoneorifyou'rewanderingintosomebody'shouseforthefirsttime.Sothemainthingisjusttoshowupandbeadventurous,tryingdifferentfoodsandtalkingtostrangers.Peoplelovetotalkaboutthemselves.Ifyoucanstarttheconversationwithaquestionotherthan“Whatdoyoudoforaliving？”，you'llbeabletogetalotmoreinterestingconversationoutofwhomeveritisyou'retalkingto.__37__，itcanbringin“Ihavethisold,broken-downvehicle”or“Irodethebuswiththesecrazypeoplewhowerelaughingatsillyjokesintheback.”Itjustopensupconversation.__38__？Ifyoucan'ttaketheirwineaway,youshouldcertainlytrytotakeawaytheirsoapbox(講臺(tái)).Ifyou'rethehost,youcanaskthemtohelpyouinthekitchenwithsomethingandjustremovethemfromthesituation.__39__.Andwhataboutthatotherdinner-partykiller:awkwardsilence？Ifyou'refacedwithanawkwardsilenceatadinnerparty,theonlythingthatalwaysgetseveryonetalkingagainistogivethehostacompliment(贊揚(yáng)).__40__.Justquicklyturnaroundandsay,“Thiscakeisextremelydeliciousandyouhavetotellmeallaboutit.”Sobeinginterestingatadinnerpartyisn'tthathard.A.HowdoyouknowthehostB.ThefirststepistogoexploringC.Ifyouaskthequestion“Howdidyougethere？”D.BepreparedtohaveawkwardconversationswithstrangersE.OrturntheconversationintoatopicwheretheyhavelittletosayF.Whataboutthatpersonwhohashadtoomuchtodrinkorwon'tstoptalkingG.Heorsheisthepersonwhoisfeelingtheweightofthatawkwardnessthemost【破題關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)】讀文章知大意本文從介紹動(dòng)機(jī)和目標(biāo)開始，告訴我們?nèi)绾未_立正確的動(dòng)機(jī)和目標(biāo)對(duì)我們更有益。看銜接找關(guān)鍵題36段落主旨總結(jié)結(jié)合下文的“justtoshowupandbeadventurous，tryingdifferentfoodsandtalkingtostrangers”可知，露面、敢于冒險(xiǎn)，嘗試不同的食物以及和陌生人交談是應(yīng)該做的事。B項(xiàng)“Thefirststepistogoexploring”(第一步是去探索)是對(duì)這些做法的總結(jié)，符合語(yǔ)境。自主解答：________題37句子成分分析，同義詞定位根據(jù)此空后的逗號(hào)和空后的句子可知，此空應(yīng)該填入一個(gè)從句。再根據(jù)空后的“vehicle”“bus”可知，空處應(yīng)與涉及交通方式的問題有關(guān)。C項(xiàng)“如果你問‘你怎么來的’？”符合語(yǔ)境。自主解答：________題38巧用標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)根據(jù)空后的問號(hào)可知，此處應(yīng)填入一個(gè)問句，故把答案鎖定在A、F兩項(xiàng)中?？蘸蟮摹癐fyoucan'ttaketheirwineaway”“theirsoapbox(講臺(tái))”與F項(xiàng)中的“hashadtoomuchtodrink”“won'tstoptalking”分別對(duì)應(yīng)。自主解答：________題39邏輯關(guān)系E項(xiàng)“或者把談話轉(zhuǎn)向一個(gè)他們幾乎無(wú)話可說的話題”承接空前的“Ifyou'rethehost，youcanaskthemtohelpyouinthekitchenwithsomethingandjustremovethemfromthesituation”，給出了另一種選擇，符合語(yǔ)境。自主解答：________題40代詞指代根據(jù)空前的“theonlythingthatalwaysgetseveryonetalkingagainistogivethehostacompliment(贊揚(yáng))”可知，解決辦法是贊揚(yáng)宴會(huì)的主人，G選項(xiàng)中的“Heorshe”指代thehost，“awkwardness”同義復(fù)現(xiàn)也是解題提示。自主解答：________◎掌握4步法解題流程——解題求穩(wěn)◎Test1[2021·東北三校二模]Let'sfocusonwhattodowhenyou'reabouttotearupyourhomework,feedittoyourdog,orpretenditneverexists.Whatyouchoosetodoisveryimportantbecauseitcanaffecthowyoufeelaboutyourselfandhowyouhandlefrustrating(令人沮喪的)situationsinthefuture.__1__Practicingthemwillmakeiteasiertokeeptryingand,overtime,helpyougetlessfrustratedduringyourlearningjourney.Step1:RecognizeRecognizeyourfrustration.__2__Allowingyourselftobefrustratedandsayingtoyourselfthatitisokayareanimportantfirststepandaresurprisinglyrelieving.Step2:Remind__3__Itmeansyou'rechallengingyourselftolearn.Remindyourselfthatdifficultyandstrugglesareanaturalpartofpushingyourselftogrowasalearner.Justasyoucanpushyourselftorunfasterbypushingyourmusclestotheirlimit,youcanpushyourbraintoworkextrahard.Themoreyoupush,themoreyourmuscleswillbesore(酸痛的)andtiredinthemoment.__4__Frustrationcanbeasignthatyourbrainisgettingsoreandtired.Step3:ResetTrytakingashortbreak.Afewminutesawaymightbewhatyourbrainneeds.Then,comebacktoyourwork.__5__Thisstepisveryimportant!Ifallyoucanfocusonishowfrustratedyouare,itmaybehardforyourbraintobereadytolearn.Ontheotherhand,becarefulnottousethissteptorunawayfromthethingthatismakingyoufrustrated.Thegoodnewsisthatthemoretimesyougothroughthesesteps,thestrongeryourgoodhabitswillbecome.A.Don'tignoreit.B.Youcan'tfigureitout.C.Often,youwillseetheproblemwithfresheyes.D.Sometimesstrugglesandalittlefrustrationareagoodthing.E.Butwhenthatsorenessgoesaway,yourmusclesarestronger.F.Createaplanforwhatyouwilldonexttimetoovercomethefrustration.G.Hereareafewstepstohelpyoubecomebetteratdealingwithfrustration.Test2[2021·福建省高三診斷性練習(xí)]Peopleoftenwanttosimplifytheirlives.Ithasalotofstresstohaveacomplicatedlife,fullofschedules,meetings,possessions,andsoforth.Usually,asimplerlifetranslatesaslessanxiety,stressandworry.__1__Followthestep-by-stepprocessbelowtosimplifyyourlife.First,getridofallthepossessionsyouhaven'tusedinthelastyear.Ifyouhaven'tputathingtouseinoneyear,itisprobablynotworthkeeping:__2__Putanythingyouhaven'tusedinoneyearinthatbag.Next,manageyoursocialmediaandelectronicsusage.Weusuallyspendmoretimeonourdevicesthanweimagine.Thesedays,peoplecanspendthemajorityoftheirdaysonsocialmediaandelectronicdevices.Theseall-in-onedevicesaregreattools.__3__Onadeeperlevel,wecansimplifyourthinking.Mostofourthinkingisnotnecessary.__4__Ifyoudonotwanttogothatfar,trytoignorethethoughtsthatarenotrelatedtothepresent.Acontinuousstreamofthoughtsisnotnecessary.Sure,someplanningshouldbedoneforthefuture,butthereisnoneedtooverthink.__5__Wecangetridofpossessionsthatarenonessential,manageoursocialmediaandelectronicsusage,andalsocleanupourthinkingsothatwearemoreinthepresentanddonotengageinunnecessaryworry,oranxiety.Allthesethingstakeenergyandtime,ofwhichweonlyhavealimitedamount.A.Nothoughtisimportant.B.Getridofelectronicdevices.C.So,howdowesimplifyourlives?D.Isplanningourthoughtseffort-making?E.Simplifyingourlivesisacomplextask.F.Buttheyshouldnotbecomethemainfocusofourlife.G.Getabiggarbagebagandwalkaroundyourlivingspace.Test3[2021·河南省高考適應(yīng)性測(cè)試]Itmaybetempting(誘人的)totakethesummeroffandrelax,butlookingforajobwillgiveyouhelpfullifeskills.Findingajobmaybehard,butthesearchwillbeworthit.Jobsareoutthere.__1__，evenifyoudon'tlandthejobyouwant.(1)You'lldevelopyourinterviewskills.Themorejobsyouapplyfor,thebetteryou'llgetatinterviewing.Learningtointerviewwellisaskill.Itcanhelpyougetintocollegeandevenlandafull-timejob.(2)__2__.Youmaynotgetthefirstjobyouinterviewfor.Rejectionhappensinlifeanditcanbehardtohandle.Themorewefacerejection,theeasieritbecomestomoveforwardandbounceback.(3)You'lllearnsomethingaboutyourself.Ifyougetajobthatwasn'tyourfirstchoice,youmightdiscoveranewskillorinterest.Ifyouneedtosavemoney,youmaylearnthatcommitmentisnecessarytoreachyourgoals.Whatifnothingworksout?__3__.(4)You'llpushthelimitsofyourcomfortzone.It'saloteasiertositathomedoingthesamethings.__4__.Experiencingnewthingscanmakeyoumoreproductiveandyoumightevenhavefun!__5__.Youhavenothingtoloseandalottogain.Andifyoudon'tgetajob,volunteer.Volunteeringisagreatwaytogainexperience.Itlooksfavorableonrésumés(簡(jiǎn)歷)forcollegeapplicationsorfuturejobs.Ifyouneedhelpinwritingarésumétoapplyforajobsearchonline.Anumberofwebsitesofferfreetips.A．PracticemakesperfectB．You'llfindabetterworldC．You'llgetbetteratdealingwithrejectionD．YoumaydecidetostartyourownbusinessE．You'llstillgaintheseskillsfromtheprocessF．Ifyou'rethinkingaboutasummerjob,applyG．Butjob-huntingcanpushyououtofyourcomfortzoneTest4[2021·鄭州市第一次質(zhì)量預(yù)測(cè)]Givinggenerouslyandreceivinggratefullymakeiteasiertolivehappilywithothers.__1__Letmestartwiththeideaofgivinggenerously.__2__Forexample,myhusbandandIhavefamilymemberswhoonlycontactuswhentheyneedmoney.Weusuallyaccepttheirrequests,butwerarelyreceivea“thankyou”.MostpeoplewouldsaythatmyhusbandandIarebeingused,andIsupposeweare.Butwhenwegive,weshouldn'tbegivingforthepurposeofgettinggratitudeorpraise.__3__Thegoodnewsisthatwhenweleadourlivesbeingnicetoothers,ourlivesrunmoresmoothly.Ifyou'regenerous,yes,somepeoplewilluseyou.Butifyoupracticebeinggenerous,mostofyourrelationshipswillimprove.__4__Itrulybelievethatyoucannotsay“thankyou”enoughwhenyoureceive.Wesooftengetlazyaboutexpressinggratitude.Parentscanfeelunappreciatedbytheirchildren,andteacherscanfeelunappreciatedbytheirstudents.Doyouthinkitunnecessarytothankthemwhenreceivingjustbecauseataskispartofsomeone'sjobdescription?That'swrong!Wordsofappreciationmakeothersfeelgoodaboutthemselveslikenothingelse.It'sgoodforustosay“thankyou”becauseweregularlyneedtoremindourselvesofhowluckyweare.__5__Ifyouarelookingforawaytoimproveyourlife,Icangiveyouone:Givegenerouslyandreceivegratefully.A.Thus,saying“thankyou”canbringusgoodluck.B．Rather,weshouldbegivingbecauseit'sagoodthing.C．Andhearingthosetwowordscanmakeusfeelgreatfordays.D．Andatthesametime,weshouldremembertoreceivegratefully.E．Inreturn,wearetohelpothersbygivingthemourtimeormoney.F．Ithinkpeopleareunwillingtobegeneroustoothersforfearofbeingused.G．Yet,whydowehavesuchdifficultyachievingthesethingsinourrelationships?Test5[2021·石家莊質(zhì)量檢測(cè)一]Haveyoueverwonderedwhyyou'renotashappyasyou'dliketobe?BasedonmyownpersonalexperienceandthehappinessfactspublishedbyHarvardUniversity,I'vesummarizedthefollowinghabitsthatwillmakeyouhappy!Laughoften.Laughteristhemostpowerfulmedicineforangerordepression.Researchhasshownthatthesimpleactofsmilingcanincreaseyourfeelingofhappiness.__1__Trytofindhumorandlaughterinlife'severydaystruggles.Keepyouragreements.Ourself-respectisbuiltontheagreementswe'vemadewithourselvesandwithothers.Andhighself-respecthasadirectrelationshipwithhappiness.__2__Doyourbestandthenletgo.Everyonehaslimitations,andthingsdon'talwaysturnouttobewhatwe'dlikethemtobe—despiteourefforts.Soalwaysgiveyourbest,andthenletgo.__3__Whenyou'vedoneyourbest,you'llhavenoregrets.Giveback.__4__AccordingtoHarvard,whenpeopledogood,theirbrainsbecomeactiveintheverysamerewardcenterthatisstimulatedwhentheyexperienceotherrewards.Soit'snotasurprisethatpeoplewhocaremoreaboutothersarehappierthanthosewhocarelessaboutothers.Thesehappinesshabitshaveproventobetrueinmyownlife.DuringthoseperiodswhenIfocusondevelopingthehabitslistedabove,Idofeelhappierandmorefulfilled—likenow.Happinessisnotanaccident.__5__A．Leteventsruntheircourse.B．Sodon'ttakelifetooseriously.C．Sodowhatyousayyou'regoingtodo.D．Whenwesucceed,we'remorelikelytobehappy.E．Thisisthebestwaytoovercomeyourlimitations.F．It'saconsciousdecisionthattakesaconsciouseffort.G．Helpingothersisoneofthesurestwaystofeelgood.Test6[2021·唐山市二模]Haveyoueverbeenlabeleda“perfectionist”？Ordoyouconsideryourselftobeone?It'sinvitingtoseeperfectionismasadesirableorpositivequality.__1__Healthyperfectionistswanttodeveloptheirskillscontinually.Theirstandardsarealwaysrising,andtheyapproachtheirworkwithoptimism,pleasureandadesiretoimprove.Unhealthyperfectionists,however,areneversatisfiedwithwhattheyachieve.__2__Theymayexperiencefearoffailure,anxietyand