PAGEPAGE8課時(shí)作業(yè)29Ⅰ.閱讀理解(福建省廈門第一中學(xué)高三月考)TherehavebeenclaimsthatwarmingonMarsandPlutoisproofthattherecentwarmingonEarthiscausedbyanincreaseinsolaractivity,andnotbygreenhousegases.Butwecansaywithcertaintythat,evenifMars,Plutooranyotherplanethaswarmedinrecentyears,itisnotduetochangesinsolaractivity.TheSun'senergyoutputhasnotincreasedsincedirectmeasurementsbeganin1978.Ifincreasedsolaroutputreallywasresponsible,weshouldbeseeingwarmingonalltheplanetsandtheirmoons,notjustMarsandPluto.Oursolarsystemhaseightplanets,threedwarfplanetsandquiteafewmoonswithatleastathinatmosphere,andthusaclimateofsorts.Theirclimateswillbeaffectedbylocalfactorssuchasorbitalvariations,changesinreflectanceandevenvolcaniceruptions,soitwouldnotbesurprisingifseveralplanetsandmoonsturnouttobewarmingatanyonetime.OnetheoryisthatwindshaverecentlysweptsomeareasofMarscleanofdust,darkeningthesurface,warmingtheRedPlanetandleadingtofurtherincreasesinwindiness—apositivefeedbackeffect.ObservationsofthethicknessofPluto'satmospherein2002suggestedthedwarfplanetwaswarmingevenasitsorbittookitfurtherfromtheSun.Thefindingconfusedastronomersatthetime,andthecausehadyettobedetermined.Ithassincebeensuggestedthatthisisduetoagreenhouseeffect:AsitgetsclosertotheSun,Plutomaywarmenoughforsomeofthemethaneiceonitssurfacetoturnintoagas.Thiswouldcausefurtherwarming,whichwouldcontinueforawhileevenafterPluto'sorbitstartstotakeitawayfromtheSun.本文是一篇科普說明文，有人認(rèn)為地球變暖是因?yàn)樘柣顒?dòng)而不是溫室氣體，文章駁斥了這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)。同時(shí)對(duì)太陽系里另外一些星星的變暖狀況分別進(jìn)行了分析。1．Whatcause(s)thewarmingofsomeplanets?A．Thesolarsystem. B．Theirlocalfactors.C．Volcanicmountains. D．Thethinatmosphere.答案：B解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段其次句Theirclimateswillbeaffectedbylocalfactorssuchasorbitalvariations,changesinreflectanceandevenvolcaniceruptions可知，導(dǎo)致某些星球變暖的緣由很多，可能是受到這些星球的當(dāng)?shù)匾蛩氐挠绊?。故B項(xiàng)正確。2．WhatistheoutcomeoftherecentwindsonMars?A．They'vecooledtheplanet.B．They'veleftaclearsky.C．They'vecausedmorewinds.D．They'vehelpedcleantheplanet.答案：C解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章第四段OnetheoryisthatwindshaverecentlysweptsomeareasofMarscleanofdust,darkeningthesurface,warmingtheRedPlanetandleadingtofurtherincreasesinwindiness—apositivefeedbackeffect.可知，火星上的風(fēng)吹走了灰塵，讓火星變暖同時(shí)也會(huì)導(dǎo)致風(fēng)力的進(jìn)一步變大。故C項(xiàng)正確。3．WhatdoweknowaboutthethicknessofPluto'satmosphere?A．Itremainsmysterious.B．Ittroubledastronauts.C．Ithasbecomethinner.D．Itcontributestothewarming.答案：D解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第五段第一句ObservationsofthethicknessofPluto'satmospherein2002suggestedthedwarfplanetwaswarmingevenasitsorbittookitfurtherfromtheSun.可知，冥王星厚厚的大氣層導(dǎo)致了冥王星變暖。故D項(xiàng)正確。4．WhichofthefollowingmightleadtothewarmingonEarthaccordingtothewriter?A．Solaractivity.B．MarsandPluto.C．Greenhousegases.D．TheSun'senergyoutput.答案：C解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章第一段第一句可知有人認(rèn)為地球變暖是因?yàn)樘柣顒?dòng)而不是溫室氣體。依據(jù)其次句Butwecansaywithcertaintythat,evenifMars,Plutooranyotherplanethaswarmedinrecentyears,itisnotduetochangesinsolaractivity.可知，我們可以準(zhǔn)確地說地球變暖不是因?yàn)樘栠\(yùn)動(dòng)，也就是說地球變暖是由溫室氣體導(dǎo)致的。故C項(xiàng)正確。Ⅱ.完形填空(濟(jì)南一中模擬)Iwentwithsomecolleaguesfrommyofficeforadinnerinaverypopularlocalrestaurant.Itwas__1__businesstimeandtherestaurantwaspacked.We__2__foundatableinacornerforthreeofus.Assoonaswesatdown,weheardacrashwhenacleaningboy__3__thefloorwithalltheplateshewascarrying.Therewas__4__andnoonewassayingordoinganything.InaflashIrememberedmy__5__manyyearsago.Once,I__6__intheairportbecauseIhadrushedthereonmyownonanemptystomach.Iwaspickedupandtakencareofbytwo__7__.Nowthiswasmychanceto__8__itforward.Irantotheyoungman'ssideimmediately,turnedhimonhisbackandscreamedforsomeoneto__9__ahotdrink.SoonpeoplestartedaskingifIwasadoctor.IsaidIwasnot,__10__Iwasskillfulatblackingout(暈厥)．Thekidsoonopenedhiseyes,__11__whathadhappened.I__12__himbysayingitwasOKandIhadhada__13__experience.Hehadnoteatenanything.Iheldthe__14__drinktohismouthtillhefinisheditandsatwithhimtillhefeltOK.Bythenthe__15__hadarrived.Iaskedhertogivethekidsomethingtoeat.Iofferedtopay.Themanagerwaskindenoughtorefusethe__16__andagreedtomakesurethekidatebeforehewenthome.Bythetimeallthiswas__17__itwasgettinglateformycolleagues.Wehadn't__18__anythingyet,sotheydecidedtogohome.Islowlywalkedhome,nothungryanymore,feeling__19__fortheopportunityIpayforwardthe__20__Ihadreceivedmanyyearsago.本文是一篇記敘文，主子翁“我”和摯友去餐廳吃飯的時(shí)候，突然打掃衛(wèi)生的男孩摔倒在地，我立即供應(yīng)幫助。因?yàn)橹拔視灥沟臅r(shí)候，也有生疏人向我供應(yīng)了幫助，我想把這份和善接著傳遞下去。作者想通過這個(gè)故事告知讀者：人間自有真情在！1．A.peak B．localC．spare D．regular答案：A解析：考查上下文串聯(lián)。A.peak高峰的；B.local當(dāng)?shù)氐?；C.spare空閑的；D.regular有規(guī)律的。依據(jù)后半句可知餐廳里特別擁擠，說明那是用餐的高峰期。故A項(xiàng)正確。2．A.actually B．finallyC．eagerly D．gradually答案：B解析：考查副詞。A.actually事實(shí)上；B.finally最終；C.eagerly急迫地；D.gradually漸漸地。我們?nèi)コ燥埖臅r(shí)候正是用餐高峰期，飯店里特別擁擠，我們最終在角落里找到了吃飯的桌子。故B項(xiàng)正確。3．A.kicked B．touchedC．swept D．hit答案：D解析：考查動(dòng)詞。A.kicked踢；B.touched觸摸；C.swept清掃；D.hit撞擊，擊中。依據(jù)上句weheardacrash可知我們聽到了撞擊聲，說明盤子摔到了地上。故D項(xiàng)正確。4．A.silence B．dangerC．doubt D．tension答案：A解析：考查常識(shí)。A.silence寧靜；B.danger危急；C.doubt懷疑；D.tension驚慌。依據(jù)“and”后的內(nèi)容可知，沒人在說或做任何事情，可知特別寧靜。故A項(xiàng)正確。5．A.adventure B．flightC．experience D．lesson答案：C解析：考查名詞。A.adventure探險(xiǎn)；B.flight航班；C.experience閱歷，經(jīng)驗(yàn)；D.lesson教訓(xùn)。句意：看到這一幕，我突然想起了很多年前的某一次經(jīng)驗(yàn)。依據(jù)下文描述可知，那是我之前的一次經(jīng)驗(yàn)。故C項(xiàng)正確。6．A.showedup B．walkedaroundC．settleddown D．passedout答案：D解析：考查上下文串聯(lián)。A.showedup出現(xiàn)；B.walkedaround四處走動(dòng)；C.settleddown定居；D.passedout昏迷。依據(jù)下句可知我空腹急連忙忙地前往機(jī)場(chǎng)，昏迷后受到生疏人的幫助，這一次我要把這份和善傳遞下去。故D項(xiàng)符合上下文串聯(lián)。7．A.friends B．strangersC．colleagues D．relatives答案：B解析：考查名詞。A.friends摯友；B.strangers生疏人；C.colleagues同事；D.relatives親戚。這次我想幫助這位生疏的打掃衛(wèi)生的男孩，是因?yàn)橹拔沂艿缴枞说膸椭?，我想把這份和善傳遞下去。故B項(xiàng)正確。8．A.pay B．returnC．take D．put答案：A解析：考查動(dòng)詞。A.pay償還；B.return返回；C.take帶走；D.put放置。這次我想幫助這位生疏的打掃衛(wèi)生的男孩，是因?yàn)橹拔沂艿缴枞说膸椭?，我想把這份和善傳遞下去。我想償還別人給我的幫助。故A項(xiàng)正確。9．A.order B．buyC．serve D．bring答案：D解析：考查動(dòng)詞。A.order吩咐，點(diǎn)購；B.buy購買；C.serve服務(wù)，服役；D.bring帶來，拿來。句意：我立即沖到男孩旁邊，讓他平躺，大聲叫人拿熱飲過來。bring表示從遠(yuǎn)處把物品拿到近處。故D正確。10．A.and B．soC．because D．but答案：D解析：考查上下文串聯(lián)。雖然我不是醫(yī)生，但是在處理暈厥方面我很擅長(zhǎng)。上下文之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以運(yùn)用表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連詞but連接上下文。故D項(xiàng)正確。11．A.knowing B．wonderingC．ignoring D．a(chǎn)rguing答案：B解析：考查動(dòng)詞。A.knowing知道，了解；B.wondering想知道；C.ignoring忽視；D.arguing爭(zhēng)辯。男孩睜開眼睛，想知道發(fā)生什么事情。故B項(xiàng)正確。12．A.reminded B．comfortedC．a(chǎn)nswered D．encouraged答案：B解析：考查動(dòng)詞。A.reminded提示；Bforted勸慰；C.answered回答；D.encouraged激勵(lì)。男孩想知道發(fā)生了什么事情，我告知他一切都沒問題，我也有過類似的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。故B項(xiàng)正確。13．A.memorable B．personalC．similar D．common答案：C解析：考查形容詞。A.memorable記憶的；B.personal個(gè)人的，私人的；C.similar類似的，同樣的；Dmon一般的，常見的。我告知男孩我也有過類似的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，勸慰他說一切都沒關(guān)系。故C項(xiàng)正確。14．A.cool B．refreshingC．sweet D．warm答案：D解析：考查上下文串聯(lián)。依據(jù)第9空后ahotdrink可知我讓別人把熱飲拿過來，現(xiàn)在讓他喝下去。所以形容詞warm與上文的hot形成對(duì)應(yīng)。故D項(xiàng)正確。15．A.customer B．managerC．waitress D．doctor答案：B解析：考查上下文串聯(lián)。依據(jù)16空前Themanagerwaskindenoughto...可知餐廳的經(jīng)理過來處理這件事情了。故B項(xiàng)正確。16．A.payment B．rewardC．suggestion D．support答案：A解析：考查上下文串聯(lián)。A.payment付款；B.reward嘉獎(jiǎng)，酬勞；C.suggestion建議；D.support支持。經(jīng)理過來以后我讓她拿東西給男孩吃，由我付錢，但是她拒絕由我付錢。本句中名詞payment與上文動(dòng)詞pay保持一樣。故A項(xiàng)正確。17．A.up B．a(chǎn)wayC．over D．behind答案：C解析：考查上下文串聯(lián)。我處理好這一切以后，時(shí)間已經(jīng)很晚了，我們什么也沒有點(diǎn)，干脆回家。運(yùn)用beover(結(jié)束)，表示我處理好男孩的事情。故C項(xiàng)正確。18．A.prepared B．demandedC．received D．ordered答案：D解析：考查上下文串聯(lián)。A.prepared打算；B.demanded要求；C.received收到；D.ordered點(diǎn)購，吩咐。依據(jù)后句“我們干脆回家”可知我們并沒有在餐廳里吃東西，所以運(yùn)用動(dòng)詞“order點(diǎn)購”。故D項(xiàng)正確。19．A.ready B．a(chǎn)nxiousC．grateful D．comfortable答案：C解析：考查形容詞。A.ready樂意的，情愿的；B.anxious焦慮的，著急的；C.grateful感謝的；Dfortable舒適的。對(duì)于有這樣幫助他人的機(jī)會(huì)，我心懷感謝之情。故C項(xiàng)正確。20．A.kindness B．honorC．inspiration D．service答案：A解析：考查上下文串聯(lián)。A.kindness和善；B.honor榮耀；C.inspiration靈感；D.service服務(wù)。依據(jù)上文可知我暈倒的時(shí)候也得到別人的幫助，現(xiàn)在我有機(jī)會(huì)幫助他人，把這份和善傳遞下去。故A項(xiàng)正確。Ⅲ.語法填空(佛山市順德區(qū)高三教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè))Teenagersarefamousforbeingonthecuttingedgeofcurrentfads(時(shí)尚)andtrends.Theyareworkingontheiridentity.Theywanttoidentifywithsomethingthatmakesthemfeelgoodabout__1__(them).Whensomethingnewcomesout,alltheteensandtheirpeerscheckitout.Ifitsticksforalittlewhile,it'safad.Ifitsticksarounda__2__(long)time,itbecomesatrend.Manyfadsare__3__(harm).Backinmyday,peoplecutthesleevesandcollarsofsweatshirtsoffand__4__(wear)theminsideout.Nobigdeal.Thisfaddidnotbecomeatrend.Today,everyoneowns__5__iPadandtextsfriendsontheircellphones.Thesefadswilleitherfadewithnewtechnology__6__becomeatrendandstayaroundawhile.We'llhavetowaitandsee.Whilekeepingupwithteenfadscansometimesbeexhaustingforparents,__7__(especial)forparentsofpreteenswhoarejustgetting__8__(start),itisaworthwhileeffort.__9__youcan'tpickandchoosewhichfadsortrendsyourteenswillpickup,itdoesn'tmeanyoudon'tgettoaddyouropinionandusethefad__10__ateachablemoment.這篇短文介紹青少年引領(lǐng)時(shí)尚的趨勢(shì)，每次出現(xiàn)新東西，青少年的關(guān)注堅(jiān)持一段時(shí)間就會(huì)成為一種時(shí)尚。1．themselves解析：考查反身代詞。句意：他們想要找到一些能讓他們自我感覺良好的東西。句中feelgoodabout__1__(them)是賓補(bǔ)，因此feel的邏輯主語是句子賓語them，該空是about的賓語，和邏輯主語一樣，就應(yīng)當(dāng)用反身代詞作賓語。故填themselves。2．longer解析：考查形容詞。句意：假如它能在較長(zhǎng)時(shí)間內(nèi)堅(jiān)持下去，它就會(huì)成為一種趨勢(shì)。該句是和前半句的foralittlewhile進(jìn)行對(duì)比，所以此處用比較級(jí)。故填longer。3．harmless解析：考查形容詞。句意：很多時(shí)尚是無害的。此處作句子的表語，依據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)當(dāng)用形容詞作表語，表示“無害的”。故填harmless。4．wore解析：考查動(dòng)詞。句意：回到我的時(shí)代，人們把袖子和領(lǐng)子剪下來，然后把它們穿在外面。依據(jù)時(shí)間狀語“Backinmyday”可知該句應(yīng)當(dāng)用一般過去時(shí)，故填wore。5．a(chǎn)n解析：考查冠詞。句意：今日，每個(gè)人都擁有一個(gè)iPad，并在手機(jī)上給摯友發(fā)短信。該句中iPad是句子賓語，是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，此處是泛指，前面應(yīng)當(dāng)用不定冠詞，iPad以元音音素開頭，故填an。6．or解析：考查連詞。句意：這些潮流要么會(huì)隨著新技術(shù)的發(fā)展而消逝，要么會(huì)成為一種潮流，并在一段時(shí)間內(nèi)保持流行。either...or...是固定短語，譯為“或者……或者……”故填or。7．especially解析：考查副詞。句意：雖然對(duì)青少年時(shí)尚的關(guān)注有時(shí)會(huì)讓家長(zhǎng)們感到乏累，尤其是對(duì)于那些剛剛起步的青少年家長(zhǎng)來說，它值得付出努力。依據(jù)句意可知，此處用副詞especially表示“尤其”。故填especially。8．started解析：考查動(dòng)詞。句意：雖然對(duì)青少年時(shí)尚的關(guān)注有時(shí)會(huì)讓家長(zhǎng)們感到乏累，尤其是對(duì)于那些剛剛起步的青少年家長(zhǎng)來說，它值得付出努力。getstarted表示狀態(tài)，“剛剛起步的”。故填started。9．Although/Though/While解析：考查連詞。句意：雖然你不能選擇你的青少年會(huì)選擇的流行趨勢(shì)或時(shí)尚，但這并不意味著你不能補(bǔ)充你的觀點(diǎn)，并將時(shí)尚作為一個(gè)可教的時(shí)刻。依據(jù)句意可知，上下句之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，后半句沒有but，前半句用表示“雖然”的although/though/while。故填A(yù)lthough/Though/While。10．a(chǎn)s解析：考查介詞。句意：雖然你不能選擇你的青少年會(huì)選擇的流行趨勢(shì)或時(shí)尚，但這并不意味著你不能補(bǔ)充你的觀點(diǎn)，并將時(shí)尚作為一個(gè)可教的時(shí)刻。依據(jù)句意可知，此處用as表示“作為”之意，后跟名詞。故填as。Ⅳ.短文改錯(cuò)(河北省邯鄲市高三月考)Aperforminourcitymadepeoplethinkmoreaboutanoveruseofplasticbags.Itcalledonpeopleusemoreclothbagsinsteadofplasticone.Infrontofalargelysupermarket,fivevolunteerswearwhiteplasticbagsandwalkedthroughthecrowd.Someoftheplasticbagswornbythevoluntee