概念conception01盾構(gòu)機(jī)的分類classificationofshieldmachines03特點(diǎn)peculiarity02CONTENTS施工construction04施工驗(yàn)收規(guī)范概述施工驗(yàn)收規(guī)范的演變過程目錄PART.0101復(fù)雜盾構(gòu)法施工技術(shù)Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology概念Concept盾構(gòu)法是一種全機(jī)械化的隧道施工方法，通過盾構(gòu)外殼和管片支承四周圍巖防止發(fā)生坍塌。Shieldtunnelingmethodisafullymechanizedtunnelconstructionmethodthatusestheshieldcasingandpipesegmentstosupportthesurroundingrocktopreventcollapse.復(fù)雜盾構(gòu)法施工技術(shù)Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology概念Concept同時(shí)在開挖面前方用切削裝置進(jìn)行土體開挖通過出土機(jī)械外運(yùn)出洞，靠千斤頂在后部加壓頂進(jìn)，并拼裝預(yù)制混凝土管片，形成隧道結(jié)構(gòu)的一種機(jī)械化施工方法。Atthesametimeinfrontoftheexcavationwithcuttingdevicesforsoilexcavationthroughtheexcavationmachineryoutofthehole,relyingonjackingattherearofthepressurejacking,andassemblingprefabricatedconcretepipepiecestoformamechanisedconstructionmethodofthetunnelstructure.復(fù)雜盾構(gòu)法施工技術(shù)Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology復(fù)雜盾構(gòu)法施工技術(shù)Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology特點(diǎn)：Features:復(fù)雜盾構(gòu)法施工技術(shù)Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology優(yōu)點(diǎn)：Advantas01.除豎井施工外，施工作業(yè)均在地下進(jìn)行，噪音、振動(dòng)引起的公害小，既不影響地面交通，又可減少對(duì)附近居民的噪音和振動(dòng)影響。Withtheexceptionoftheshaftconstruction,theconstructionworkiscarriedoutunderground,causinglittlenoiseandvibrationnuisance,whichdoesnotaffectthegroundtrafficandreducesthenoiseandvibrationimpactonnearbyresidents.02.盾構(gòu)推進(jìn)、出土、拼裝襯砌等主要工序循環(huán)進(jìn)行，施工易于管理，施工人員也較少，勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度低，生產(chǎn)效率高。Themainprocessesofshieldadvancement,excavationandassemblyliningarecarriedoutincycles,makingtheconstructioneasytomanageandwithfewerconstructionworkers,thelabourintensityislowandtheproductivityishigh.優(yōu)點(diǎn)：Advantas復(fù)雜盾構(gòu)法施工技術(shù)Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology復(fù)雜盾構(gòu)法施工技術(shù)Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology03優(yōu)點(diǎn)：Advantas土方量外運(yùn)較少。Thevolumeofearthworkislowforoutwardtransport.04優(yōu)點(diǎn)：Advantas穿越河道時(shí)不影響航運(yùn)。Nointerferencewithnavigationwhencrossingtheriver.05優(yōu)點(diǎn)：Advantas施工不受風(fēng)雨等氣候條件影響。Theconstructionisnotaffectedbyweatherconditionssuchasrainorwind.復(fù)雜盾構(gòu)法施工技術(shù)Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology優(yōu)點(diǎn)：Advantas06.隧道的施工費(fèi)用不受覆土量多少影響，適宜于建造覆土較深的隧道。Theconstructioncostofatunnelisnotaffectedbytheamountofoverburdenandissuitablefortheconstructionoftunnelswithdeeperoverburden.復(fù)雜盾構(gòu)法施工技術(shù)Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology07優(yōu)點(diǎn)：Advantas在土質(zhì)差水位高的地方建設(shè)埋深較大的隧道，盾構(gòu)法有較好的技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)優(yōu)越性。Theshieldmethodistechnicallyandeconomicallysuperiorfortheconstructionofdeepertunnelsinareaswithpoorsoilsandhighwatertables.復(fù)雜盾構(gòu)法施工技術(shù)Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology08優(yōu)點(diǎn)：Advantas當(dāng)隧道穿過河底或其他建筑物時(shí)，不影響施工。Whenthetunnelpassesthroughtheriverbottomorotherbuildings,itdoesnotinterferewiththeconstruction.復(fù)雜盾構(gòu)法施工技術(shù)Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology優(yōu)點(diǎn)：Advantas09.只要設(shè)法使盾構(gòu)的開挖面穩(wěn)定，則隧道越深、地基越差、土中影響施工的埋設(shè)物等越多，與明挖法相比，經(jīng)濟(jì)上、施工進(jìn)度上越有利。Aslongaseffortsaremadetostabilizetheexcavationsurfaceoftheshieldtunnel,thedeeperthetunnel,thepoorerthefoundation,andthemoreburiedobjectsinthesoilthataffectconstruction.Comparedwiththeopenexcavationmethod,itismoreadvantageousintermsofeconomyandconstructionprogress.不足disadvantages復(fù)雜盾構(gòu)法施工技術(shù)Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology當(dāng)隧道曲線半徑過小時(shí)，施工較為困難。Whentheradiusofthetunnelcurveistoosmall,constructionismoredifficult.02.在陸地建造隧道時(shí)，如隧道覆土太淺，開挖面穩(wěn)定甚為困難，甚至不能施工，而在水下時(shí)，如覆土太淺則盾構(gòu)法施工不夠安全，要確保一定厚度的覆土。Whenconstructingtunnelsonland,itisverydifficultorimpossibletostabilisetheexcavationsurfaceifthetunneloverburdenistooshallow,whileunderwater,itisnotsafeenoughforshieldconstructioniftheoverburdenistooshallowandacertainthicknessofoverburdenmustbeensured.01不足disadvantages復(fù)雜盾構(gòu)法施工技術(shù)Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology豎井中長期有噪聲和振動(dòng)，要有解決的措施。Long-termnoiseandvibrationintheshafts,withmeasurestoaddressthem.盾構(gòu)施工中采用全氣壓方法以疏干和穩(wěn)定地層時(shí)，對(duì)勞動(dòng)保護(hù)要求較高，施工條件差。Whenusingfullairpressuremethodtodrainandstabilizetheformationduringshieldtunnelingconstruction,thereisahighdemandforlaborprotectionandpoorconstructionconditions.0304復(fù)雜盾構(gòu)法施工技術(shù)Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology05盾構(gòu)法隧道上方一定范圍內(nèi)的地表沉陷尚難完全防止，特別在飽和含水松軟的土層中，要采取嚴(yán)密的技術(shù)措施才能把沉陷限制在很小的限度內(nèi)，目前還不能完全防止以盾構(gòu)正上方為中心土層的地表沉降。Surfacesubsidencewithinacertainareaabovetheshieldtunnelisstilldifficulttopreventcompletely,especiallyinsaturatedwater-bearingsoftsoils,andstricttechnicalmeasureshavetobetakentolimitsubsidencetoaverysmalllimit,anditisnotyetpossibletocompletelypreventsurfacesubsidenceinthesoillayercentreddirectlyabovetheshield.復(fù)雜盾構(gòu)法施工技術(shù)Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology06在飽和含水地層中，盾構(gòu)法施工所用的拼裝襯砌，對(duì)達(dá)到整體結(jié)構(gòu)防水性的技術(shù)要求較高。Insaturatedwater-bearingstrata,thetechnicalrequirementsforachievingoverallstructuralwaterresistancearehighforthepatchworkliningsusedinshieldconstruction.復(fù)雜盾構(gòu)法施工技術(shù)Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology盾構(gòu)的外形就是指盾構(gòu)的斷面形狀。從采用過的盾構(gòu)來看，其斷面形狀有圓形、雙圓、三圓、矩形、馬蹄形、半圓形或與隧道斷面相似的特殊形狀等。Theshapeofashieldistheshapeofitssection.Fromtheshieldsthathavebeenused,theshapeofthesectioncanbecircular,double,triple,rectangular,horseshoe,semi-circularoraspecialshapesimilartothetunnelsection.盾構(gòu)機(jī)的外形及分類Theshapeandclassificationofshieldmachines外形：Shape:復(fù)雜盾構(gòu)法施工技術(shù)Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology分類：Classification（1）土壓盾構(gòu)Earthpressureshieldtunneling把土料（必要時(shí)添加泡沫等對(duì)土壤進(jìn)行改良）作為穩(wěn)定開挖面的介質(zhì)，刀盤后隔板與開挖面之間形成泥土室，刀盤旋轉(zhuǎn)開挖使泥土料增加，再由螺旋輸料器旋轉(zhuǎn)將土料運(yùn)出，泥土室內(nèi)土壓可由刀盤旋轉(zhuǎn)開挖速度和螺旋輸出料器出土量（旋轉(zhuǎn)速度）進(jìn)行調(diào)節(jié)。Thesoilmaterial(foamisaddedwhennecessarytoimprovethesoil)isusedasthemediumtostabilizetheexcavationsurface,andasoilchamberisformedbetweenthediaphragmbehindthecutterheadandtheexcavationsurface.Thecutterheadrotatestoexcavateandincreasethesoilmaterial,andthenthescrewfeederrotatestotransportthesoilmaterialout.Thesoilpressureinthesoilchambercanbeadjustedbytherotatingexcavationspeedofthecutterheadandtheamountofsoil(rotationspeed)producedbythescrewfeeder.復(fù)雜盾構(gòu)法施工技術(shù)Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology分類：Classification（1）土壓盾構(gòu)Earthpressureshieldtunneling把土料（必要時(shí)添加泡沫等對(duì)土壤進(jìn)行改良）作為穩(wěn)定開挖面的介質(zhì)，刀盤后隔板與開挖面之間形成泥土室，刀盤旋轉(zhuǎn)開挖使泥土料增加，再由螺旋輸料器旋轉(zhuǎn)將土料運(yùn)出，泥土室內(nèi)土壓可由刀盤旋轉(zhuǎn)開挖速度和螺旋輸出料器出土量（旋轉(zhuǎn)速度）進(jìn)行調(diào)節(jié)。Thesoilmaterial(foamisaddedwhennecessarytoimprovethesoil)isusedasthemediumtostabilizetheexcavationsurface,andasoilchamberisformedbetweenthediaphragmbehindthecutterheadandtheexcavationsurface.Thecutterheadrotatestoexcavateandincreasethesoilmaterial,andthenthescrewfeederrotatestotransportthesoilmaterialout.Thesoilpressureinthesoilchambercanbeadjustedbytherotatingexcavationspeedofthecutterheadandtheamountofsoil(rotationspeed)producedbythescrewfeeder.復(fù)雜盾構(gòu)法施工技術(shù)Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology分類：Classification（2）泥水加壓平衡盾構(gòu)Mudandwaterpressurisedandbalancedshield泥水式盾構(gòu)機(jī)是通過加壓泥水或泥漿（通常為膨潤土懸浮液）來穩(wěn)定開挖面，在機(jī)械式盾構(gòu)的刀盤的后側(cè)，其刀盤后面有一個(gè)密封隔板，把水、粘土及其添加劑混合制成的泥水，經(jīng)輸送管道壓入泥水倉，待泥水充滿整個(gè)泥水倉，并具有一定壓力，形成泥水壓力室，開挖土料與泥漿混合由泥漿泵輸送到洞外分離廠，經(jīng)分離后泥漿重復(fù)使用。Mudwatershieldtunnelingmachinestabilizestheexcavationsurfacebypressurizingmudwaterormud(usuallybentonitesuspension).Atthebackofthemechanicalshield'scutterhead,thereisasealingpartitionbehindthecutterhead,whichmixeswater,clay,andtheiradditivestomakemudwater.Themudwateristhenpressedintothemudwatertankthroughatransmissionpipeline,andwhenthemudwaterfillstheentiremudwatertankandhasacertainpressure,itformsamudwaterpressurechamber,Themixtureofexcavatedsoilandmudistransportedbyamudpumptotheseparationplantoutsidethetunnel,andthemudisreusedafterseparation.洞門加固Cavedoorreinforcement洞門鑿除Cavitydoorcutting反力架安裝Anti-frameinstallation盾構(gòu)機(jī)托架安裝Installationofshieldmachinebracket盾構(gòu)機(jī)下井Shieldmachinedownwell盾構(gòu)機(jī)就位Shieldmachineinposition初始掘進(jìn)Initialdigging參數(shù)調(diào)整Parameteradjustment接收托架安裝Receivingbracketinstallation洞門密封圈安裝Installationofcavitydoorseals洞門處車站圍護(hù)樁鑿除Excavationofthestationenclosurepilesatthecaverndoor盾構(gòu)機(jī)到達(dá)Theshieldarrives洞門施工Constructionofcavitydoors正常掘進(jìn)Normaldigging復(fù)雜盾構(gòu)法施工技術(shù)Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology盾構(gòu)機(jī)的施工Constructionoftheshieldmachine復(fù)雜盾構(gòu)法施工技術(shù)Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology01適用于各種復(fù)雜的工程地質(zhì)和水文地質(zhì)條件，從淤泥質(zhì)土層到中風(fēng)化和微風(fēng)化巖層。Suitableforawiderangeofcomplexengineeringandhydrogeologicalconditions,fromsiltysoilstomoderatelyweatheredandslightlyweatheredrockformations.盾構(gòu)機(jī)的適用范圍Scopeofapplicationoftheshieldmachine盾構(gòu)法施工隧道應(yīng)有足夠的埋深，覆土深度不宜小于6m。隧道覆土太淺，盾構(gòu)法施工難度較大；在水下修建隧道時(shí)，覆土太淺盾構(gòu)施工安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)較大。Shieldtunnelsshouldbeconstructedatasufficientdepthofburial,withanoverburdendepthofnotlessthan6m.Ifthetunneloverburdenistooshallow,theshieldconstructionmethodismoredifficult;whenconstructingatunnelunderwater,thesafetyrisksofshieldconstructionaregreateriftheoverburdenistooshallow.02復(fù)雜盾構(gòu)法施工技術(shù)Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology盾構(gòu)機(jī)的適用范圍Scopeofapplicationoftheshieldmachine復(fù)雜盾構(gòu)法施工技術(shù)Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology盾構(gòu)機(jī)的適用范圍:Scopeofapplicationoftheshieldmachine03.地面上必須有修建用于盾構(gòu)進(jìn)出洞和出土進(jìn)料的工作井位置。Theremustbealocationonthegroundfortheconstructionofworkingshaftsfortheshieldentryandexitholesandfortheexcavationandfeedingofmaterial.04.隧道之間或隧道與其他建(構(gòu))筑物之間所夾土(巖)體加固處理的最小厚度為水平方向1.0m，豎直方向1.5m。Theminimumthicknessofsoil(rock)reinforcementbetweentunnelsorbetweentunnelsandotherbuildings(structures)is1.0mhorizontallyand1.5mvertically.復(fù)雜盾構(gòu)法施工技術(shù)Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology盾構(gòu)機(jī)的適用范圍Scopeofapplicationoftheshieldmachine03地面上必須有修建用于盾構(gòu)進(jìn)出洞和出土進(jìn)料的工作井位置。Theremustbealocationonthegroundfortheconstructionofworkingshaftsfortheshieldentryandexitholesandfortheexcavationandfeedingofmaterial.04隧道之間或隧道與其他建(構(gòu))筑物之間所夾土(巖)體加固處理的最小厚度為水平方向1.0m，豎直方向1.5m。Theminimumthicknessofsoil(rock)reinforcementbetweentunnelsorbetweentunnelsandotherbuildings(structures)is1.0mhorizontallyand1.5mvertically.復(fù)雜盾構(gòu)法施工技術(shù)Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology盾構(gòu)機(jī)的適用范圍Scopeofapplicationoftheshieldmachine05從經(jīng)濟(jì)角度講，盾構(gòu)連續(xù)施工長度不宜小于300m。Fromaneconomicpointofview,thelengthofcontinuousshieldconstructionshouldnotbelessthan300m.盾構(gòu)機(jī)的施工Constructionoftheshieldmachine工程案例Projectexamples圖17號(hào)線7306標(biāo)段示意圖Figure1Schematicdiagramofsection7306ofLine7圖2深圳地鐵7號(hào)線7306標(biāo)段八卦嶺站至黃木崗、紅嶺北站盾構(gòu)區(qū)間Figure2ShieldintervalfromBaguaLingStationtoHuangmugangandHonglingNorthStation,Section7306ofShenzhenMetroLine7深圳地鐵7號(hào)線7306標(biāo)是疊線隧道最多（5段），最長（1029m），凈距最?。s2m）的標(biāo)段，地面環(huán)境復(fù)雜,盾構(gòu)施工難度大，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)高。ShenzhenMetroLine7,Bid7306hasthelargestnumberoftunnels(5sections),thelongest(1029m)andthesmallestcleardistance(about2m)onthestackedline,thegroundenvironmentiscomplex,theshieldconstructionisdifficultandtheriskishigh.工程案例Projectexamples首次建立了疊線隧道盾構(gòu)始發(fā)與接收綜合技術(shù)，包括采用門式模板支架澆筑中板的下隧道盾構(gòu)吊裝井封井技術(shù)、場地受限與不受限條件下疊線盾構(gòu)始發(fā)技術(shù)、疊線上隧道盾構(gòu)接收技術(shù)，探明了疊線盾構(gòu)區(qū)間與始發(fā)車站之間的施工相互影響關(guān)系，總結(jié)出一套系統(tǒng)的疊線隧道施工組織管理技術(shù)。Forthefirsttime,acomprehensivetechnologyforthestartandreceptionofshieldstructuresinstackedlinetunnelswasestablished,includingthetechnologyforsealingthelowertunnelshieldliftingshaftusingportalformworksupportsforpouringthecentreslab,thetechnologyforthestartofshieldstructuresinstackedlinetunnelsunderrestrictedandunrestrictedsiteconditions,andthetechnologyforthereceptionofshieldstructuresinstackedlinetunnels,whichexploredtheconstructioninteractionbetweenshieldintervalsandstartstationsinstackedlinetunnelsandconcludedasetofsystematicconstructionorganisationandmanagementtechniquesforstackedlinetunnels.盾構(gòu)機(jī)安裝現(xiàn)場Figure3Shieldmachineinstallationsite施工驗(yàn)收規(guī)范概述

OverviewofConstructionAcceptanceSpecifications施工驗(yàn)收規(guī)范的演變過程

theevolutionofconstructionacceptancespecifications謝謝聆聽Thankyouforlistening《建筑施工新