BackOfficeSystem

後檯管理系統(tǒng)BackOfficeSystemFunctions:SystemsgenerallyworkbehindthescenesDesignedtoautomatekeybusinessfunctionratherthanservethecustomerdirectlyBackOfficeSystemPayrollsystemsAutomatethecalculationandpaymentofwagesandsalariesPersonnelsystemsStoreandanalyzeinformationaboutemployeesAccountingsystemsAutomatetheprocessofdrawingupperiodicfinancialreportsMarketingsystemsHelpanalyzethemarketpositionfthehotelPayrollSystemsCalculatingpayrollcanbeacomplicatedandtimeconsumingprocessDifferentworkhourwithdifferentrateRegularworkhours;overtimeworkhours;shiftallowance;bonuses…etcIncometaxandnationalinsurancechargesmustbecalculatedforeveryemployeehealthinsurancedeductionhastobemadeCumulativeperiod-to-datefigureshavetobestoredandperiodicallyreportedtotheInlandRevenue;PayrollSystemsHospitalityindustryhasseveralpeculiarcharacteristicswhichmakepayrollcalculationevenmorecomplicatedEmployeesaremulti-skilledandworkinseveraldepartments,eachwithdifferenthourlywageratesServicechargehastobecollectedanddistributedPayrollSystemsWhatcomputerizedpackagescandoaboutthepayrollprocess?AutomatethepayrollprocessReducethetimeneededtocompletetheprocessWagesarepaidfrequently,majorsavingoftime(cost)arepossiblePayrollSystemsHowdoesthepayrollsystemworks?Thenumberofhoursareenteredintothesystemfromatimesheet,orTransferredautomaticallyfromanelectronicdevice(eg.Timeclock)HotelandcateringcomputersystemscanalsoactastimeclockEPOSorPMScanrecordthelog-onandlog-offtimeofeachemployee,andreportthenumberofhoursworkedtothepayrollsystemOncethegrosswageisknown,theamountoftaxduecanbecalculatedusingdatafromtheemployee’smasterfilePayrollSystemsHowdoesthepayrollsystemworks?Itemizedpaylslips,listingalldeductions,arethenproducedautomaticallybythesystem;somesystemscanprintpersonalizedpaychequesshowingthenameandthecorrectamountduetoeachemployeeSomesystemsallowpaymenttobemadebyBankGiro,whichreducethecostsofbankchargesandadministrativetimewhenusecashorchequesforpayroll.Businesscostarereduced(onechequeforentirepayroll)EmployeegetpaidmorequicklyPayrollSystemsHowdoesthepayrollsystemworks?Fromthebank’spointofview:BankGirosaretimeconsumingSolution:PaypathorBACS(BankAutomatedClearingSystem),allowthesamedatatobetakentothebankoncomputerdisk,whereitcanbereaddirectlyitothebank’scomputerLesstimeisneededforprocessingthetransactions,whichisreflectedinlowerbankchargesfortheserviceSolution2:electronicfundstransfer(EFT)Eliminatestheneedtogotothebank.Datacanbetransferredelectronically,andthefundsrequiredforpaymentautomaticallyremovedfromthefirm’sbankaccountEmployeeTimeSheetEmployeeMasterFilePersonnelSystemsBecauseofthelinksbetweenthepayrollandthepersonneldepartments,theircomputersystemstendtoworkcloselywitheachother.Insomecases,personnelsystemsincorporatepayrollaspartoftheirfunctions.However,itismorecommontohaveseparatesystemsbecauseeachhasitsowngoalsandobjectives.PersonnelSystemsFunctions:StoreavarietyofinformationabouteachemployeeAnalyzeddatainvariouswaystoproduceusefulinformationforthepersonnelmanager.LabourschedulingcanassistindrawingupstaffrostersPersonnelSystemsComputerizedLabourschedulingsystemNumbersandskillsareenteredintosystemUsemathematicaloptimizationtechniquetodrawuprostersMinimizeslabourcostsbymakingasmuchuseaspossibleofpermanentstaffandbyavoidingovertimeConfusionisreduced,aseachemployeereceiveddetailedindividuallyprintedreportshowingwhereandwhenheorsheisscheduledtoworkPersonnelSystemsPersonnelsystemsarestillrelativelyuncommoninthehotelandcateringindustry.Individualhotelsorrestaurantstendtoemployarelativelysmallnumberofpeople,andusingacomplexcomputersystemtohelpmanagepersonnelmightthereforebeunproductive.人事薪資管理系統(tǒng)出勤刷卡作業(yè).人事員工管理.制服領(lǐng)用作業(yè).薪資銀行轉(zhuǎn)帳作業(yè).現(xiàn)金發(fā)放作業(yè).二期薪發(fā)放作業(yè).勞健保所得稅作業(yè).年度扣繳憑單作業(yè).離職員工作業(yè).出勤考核作業(yè).排班表作業(yè)AccountingSystemsThetraditional,paper-basedmethodofaccountinginvolvesrecordingtransactionsinthreeledgers:asalesledger,apurchasesledgerandanominalledger.Becausea‘double-entry’systemisusedtoensureaccuracy,entrieshavetobemadeinseveralledgerstorecordasingletransaction.AccountingSystemsComputerizedpackagesimplifytheprocessbycompletingeachtransactioninasinglestep.AllnecessaryledgerentriesaremadeautomaticallywhenthetransactionisprocessedbytheaccountingsystemElectroniclinkstoothercomputersystemallowmanyofthepostingstobemadeautomatically.AccountingSystemsAccountingsystemsareusuallypurchasedinmodules,eachofwhichdealswithdifferentaspectsoftheaccountingprocess.Eachmodulecanworkasastand-alonepackage,orcanbeintegratedwithothermodulestogiveacompletecomputerizedaccountingsystem.Modularizationallowsbusinessestouseonlythosemoduleswhichareusefultothem.Modularizationalsoallowsbusinessestocomputerizeinstages.AccountingSystemModulesDebtors’-ledgermoduleCreditors’-ledgermoduleNominal-ledgermoduleDebtors’ledgermoduleFunctionsandbenefits:Recordsthedetailsofallsalesmadebythebusiness.Computerizedsystemensuresthatcustomeraccountsarealwaysaccurateanduptodate,andmeanthatend-of-monthstatementscanbeproducedpromptlyAutomaticallyprintsreminderstobesenttoclientswhosepaymentsareoverdue.Provideimportantmanagementinformationwhichmakesiteasiertomanagedebtorsefficiently(ex.Creditlimitreport)Creditors’LedgerModuleFunctionsandbenefits:Creditors’ledgerrecordsallpurchasesmadebythebusinessProvidevaluablereportandmanagementinformationex.Paymentsschedule,whichlisttheamountsduetocreditorsinacalendar-likeformatEnsuresthatpaymentismadeontime,thusmakinguseofdiscountsPreventpaymentbeingmadetoosoon,thusallowingusetobemadeofthe‘free’creditgivenbysuppliersNominal-LedgerModuleFunctionsandbenefits:Producethefinalaccounts:thetradingaccount,profitandlossstatement,balancesheetAccountscanbeproducedfarmoreregularlythanwouldbepossibleusingmanualmethods.Becauseaccountscanbeproducedmoreoften,managementareabletoreactmuchfastertochangesinperformance,andcontroloverthecompany’sfinancesismuchtighter.會(huì)計(jì)帳務(wù)管理系統(tǒng)會(huì)計(jì)總帳管理,多公司多部門帳務(wù),傳票開立作業(yè).各分類帳餘額作業(yè),應(yīng)收帳款.票據(jù)作業(yè).應(yīng)付帳款.票據(jù)作業(yè),票據(jù)開立管理,各式財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表列印.固定資財(cái)攤提作業(yè).每期折舊作業(yè)MarketingSystemsComputerapplicationsthathelpidentifyandsatisfycustomerneedsandthushelpcompaniestoachievemarketingobjectives.Guest-historysystemsContact-managementsystemsSales-analysissystemsGuesthistorysystemsHotelshavetraditionallystoredalotofdataabouttheirregularcustomers.Maintainguesthistorymanuallyisbothexpensiveanddifficult.Computerizedsystemshelpbyallowingmuchmoreinformationtobestoredandprocessedwithvastlylessclericaleffort,andalsobyallowingthedatatobeaccessedmorequicklyandeasily.GuesthistorysystemsInmanycases,dataistransferredautomaticallyfromothercomputersystems,suchasthePMS,whichhelpstokeepthedatainthesystemaccurateanduptodateThedataofguesthistoryisaveryvaluablemarketingtoolThegeographicallyanddemographicallyinformationofguestscangiveanaccurateprofileof‘typical’guestsandtheirspending.GuesthistorysystemsDatacanbeusedindirectmailshotsandtotargetpromotionalcampaign.Restaurantsareusing‘frequentcustomerscheme’andcomputerizedEPOStotrackthespendinghabitsofcustomersformarketingpurpose.ContactmanagementsystemsFocusonpotentialcustomersbyrecordingandprocessingcustomerenquires.TendtobeusedmainlyinthesalesdepartmentStoresacontactnameandtelephonenumberforeachenquiry,alongwitharecordoftheservicesrequestedDetailsofcorrespondencearealsostoredonthesystemtoshowthestatusofeachenquiry,andtoseewhatoffershavebeenmadetotheclient.ContactmanagementsystemsSystemalsoactsasadiaryandautomaticallyremindstheuserofscheduledappointments(whomtocallormeetonacertainday)topreventthelostofsalesduetothecarelessness.SalesanalysissystemsProvidemanagementwithinformationonthebreakdownofsalesAllowmorecomprehensiveanalysistobeperformedAllowanalyzestobecompletedinsecondsEliminatetherepetitive,boringcalculationsassociatedwithsalesanalysisSalesanalysissystemsManagementcanperformsuchanalysismoreoften,whichallowsanaccurateprofileofthespendingpatternsofdifferentmarketsegmentstobebuiltup.Analysiscanalsoberepeatedfrequently,whichallowsmanagementtorespondquicklytochangesinspendingpatterns.採購物料管理系統(tǒng)廠商資料管理.物料產(chǎn)品管理,採購訂購作業(yè).領(lǐng)貨.