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在職攻碩英語聯(lián)考模擬試卷5(共6套)
(共372題)
在職攻碩英語聯(lián)考模擬試卷第1套
一、完成對(duì)話(本題共5題,每題7.0分,共5分。)
1、SpeakerA:Excuseme,Mr.Brown,butcanIspeaktoyouforamoment?SpeakerB:
A^Sorry,whatwouldyouliketospeaktomeabout?
B、Well,Tmafraidwchavetofindsomeothertime.Fmfullyoccupiednow.
C、Yes,canyouwaituntilthemeetingisover?
D^It'sapleasure.Willyousitdown?
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:B
知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:A方請(qǐng)求與B方說話,B方婉轉(zhuǎn)地拒絕了這一請(qǐng)求,并說明了原因,
符合英語交際的慣例。A項(xiàng)和C項(xiàng)前后矛盾,D項(xiàng)前半部分Msapleasure(我很高
興)是答謝語,用在此處不對(duì)。
2、SpeakerA:Thatwasagreatdinner.Thanksalot.You'llhavetocometoourplace
sometime.SpeakerB:
A、I'mreallyverysorry.Yousee,Ihaven'tpreparedanythingdeliciousforyou.
B、Comeagainwheneveritisconvenienttoyou,won'tyou?
C、Whydoyouhavetoleaveinahurry?Doyouhaveanythingurgenttodo?
D、I'mgladyouenjoyedit.Hopetoseeyouagainsoon.
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:D
知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:A方感謝B方準(zhǔn)備r豐盛的晚餐,并邀請(qǐng)B方某個(gè)時(shí)間也上他家
去。D項(xiàng)前一部分為答謝,后一部分對(duì)A方的邀請(qǐng)也做出了反應(yīng),所以D是正確
答案。A、B、C項(xiàng)都是中國文化中類似場(chǎng)景下的交際慣例,故都不恰當(dāng)。
3、SpeakerA:Hello.IsthatMr.Johnson?SpeakerB:
A、Yes,Iam.
B>Sorry,TmnotMr.Johnson.Emhisson.
C>Yes,speaking.
D、Yes,butwhoareyou?
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:C
知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:A方的話明確顯示這是打電話的情景,A方問:“你好,你是約翰先
生嗎?”C項(xiàng)“是的,我就是"是正確答案。A、B、D項(xiàng)都是漢語式的表達(dá)。
4、SpeakerA:Ithinkstudyingmathatschoolisawasteoftime.Whoneedsit?Speaker
B:______
A、Thal'sagoodidea.Idon\likemathatall.
B、Yes,Ithinkstudentsonlyneedtostudyforafewyears.
C>Iseewhatyoumean.Veryfewstudentswillbecomemathematiciansinthefuture.
D、Butdon'tyouthinkmathissomethingthateveryoneneedstoknow?
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:D-
知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:A方在表達(dá)對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)的看法,需要B方就這一話題內(nèi)容發(fā)表看法。A項(xiàng)
和C項(xiàng)前半部分都與A方的語義不一致,B項(xiàng)后半部分與A的話不一致。D項(xiàng)用
反問句表明B方與A方意見不一致,是正確答案。
5、SpeakerA:I'dliketoexchangethesejeansplease.SpeakerB:
A、What'swrong?Aretheythewrongsize?
B、Buthowcanyouprovethatyouhaveboughtthemhere?
C、I'mafraidit'snotourpolicytoexchangegoodsoncetheyaresoldout.
D、Sorry,Idon'tliketoexchangemyjeanswithyours.
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:A
知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:由A方的話“我想換這條牛仔褲”可知,這一對(duì)話發(fā)生在商店,B方是
售貨員。A項(xiàng)的兩個(gè)問題與這一特定的對(duì)話情景相符合,是正確答案。B、C兩項(xiàng)
顯得很不禮貌,D項(xiàng)不符合這一對(duì)話場(chǎng)合。
二、對(duì)話理解(本題共5題,每題1.0分,共5分。)
6、Woman:Don'tyouknowJimworksasadishwasheratarestaurantaroundthe
corner?Man:Itisn'tabadjobtostartwith.Iwouldn'tmindthatjobforthesummerifno
othersarcavailable.Question:Whatdoesthemanmean?
A、Helikesthejobofadishwasherbecauseitpayswell.
B、Hethinksit'simportanttohaveagoodjobfromthebeginning.
C、Hehatestobeadishwasherbecauseit'sboring.
D、Hewouldworkasdishwasherinsummerifhehasto.
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:D
知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:女士:你難道不知道Jim在街角的飯館里給別人刷盤子嗎?男士:作
為第一份工作,它看起來還不錯(cuò)。反正這個(gè)暑假?zèng)]有其他事情可做,刷盤子這種事
情我是不介意的。A選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗⒈P子薪水不錯(cuò),所以他喜歡給別人刷盤子?!盉選
項(xiàng)“他認(rèn)為剛開始的時(shí)候一定要找一份好的工作。他認(rèn)為這很重要?!盋選項(xiàng)”因?yàn)?/p>
刷盤子很無聊,所以他很討厭干這些事情?!盌選項(xiàng)“如果在暑假他非做事不可的
話,他愿意當(dāng)個(gè)洗碗工?!弊⒁膺@里男士說“Iwouldn'tmindthat...”意為“我不介意
做……”而且前半句男士也說了刷盤子剛開始還是一份不錯(cuò)的工作??梢娝潜容^
樂意做這種事情的。所以D選項(xiàng)是正確答案。
7、Man:【forgotallaboutthetwoo'clockmeeting.Tom'sgoingtokillme.Woman:Oh,
myGod!Icanseewhyyouareupset.Youcanbereallymadwhensomethingimportant
slipsyourmind.Question:Whal'sthewoman'sattitudetowardstheman'sforgetfulness?
A、Sheisscornful.
B、Sheisangry.
C、Sheissympathetic.
D、Sheisworried.
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:c
知識(shí)點(diǎn)。析:男士:我壬兩點(diǎn)鐘的會(huì)議忘了個(gè)精光。湯姆一定氣瘋了。女士:噢,
天哪!我明白你為什么這么不安了。忘記了重要的事情,有時(shí)候你自己都會(huì)急瘋
了。A選項(xiàng)“她是譏諷的。選項(xiàng)“她是氣憤的?!盋選項(xiàng)“她是同情的?!盌選項(xiàng)“她
是擔(dān)憂的?!白屑?xì)閱讀兩人之間的對(duì)話,我們能夠體會(huì)到這位女士對(duì)這位男士的粗
心大意表示了同情。所以C選項(xiàng)是正確答案。
8、Woman:Iheardtherewasaterriblemineaccident.Theydidn'twantanyonetoknow.
Man:Ithinkitisimpossibletoblackoutthisnews.Question:Whatdoesthemanmean?
A^Itisimpossibletokeepitout.
Itisimpossibletoknowit.
CxItisunlikelytopreventitfrombeingknown.
D^Itisunlikelytostopspreadingthenews.
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:C
知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:女士:我聽說發(fā)生了一場(chǎng)嚴(yán)重的煤礦事故,他們想隱瞞這個(gè)消息男
±:我認(rèn)為這件事情不可能會(huì)一直密不透風(fēng)。這里考查了對(duì)短語“blackout”的理
解,意為“隔絕,中斷“blackoutnews”意思是“封鎖消息”。所以這里C選項(xiàng)所表
達(dá)的內(nèi)容與該短語內(nèi)在含義一致。所以C選項(xiàng)是正確答案。
9、Man:Billlooksveryupsetthesedays.What'shappenedtohimrecently?Woman:It
seemsthatBillcouldnevershakeoffthefeelingthatheisafailureinhisfife.Question:
Whatdocsthewomanmean?
A、Billcouldn,tfindthefeelingthatheisafailureinhislife.
Billwouldbeverysadduetothefactthathefailedinatest.
C、Billwouldn'tgethimselfawayfromthefeelingofafailure.
D、Billwouldbeofafeelingthatheisafailureinhislife.
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:C-
知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:男士:比爾這幾天看起來情緒很低落。他最近是不是出了什么事情
了?女士:看樣子,他很難擺脫生活中的失敗給他帶來的陰影。A選項(xiàng)“比爾對(duì)失
敗并不在意」'B選項(xiàng)”比爾因?yàn)樵诳荚囍惺×孙@得很悲傷?!盋選項(xiàng)“比爾無法擺
脫失敗帶來的陰影?!盌選項(xiàng)”比爾覺察到了生活中的失敗?!边@里注意對(duì)飛hakeoIT
的理解,意為“擺脫,掙脫”。所以C選項(xiàng)是正確答案。
10>Man:WhereisJoan9Shesaidshewouldbehereatthree.Andnowit'sthree-thirty.
Shemusthavemissedtheflight.Woman:Ithinkso.ButIhopeshewon'tmissthenext
one.Otherwisesheshouldbelatefortheopeningaddressoftheconference.Question:
What'sthewomanworriedabout?
A、Joanmayhavetakenawrongflight.
B、Joanwon'tcometotheconference.
C、Joanwillmissthenextconference.
D、Joanmaybelatefortheopeningspeech.
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:D
知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:男士:瓊在哪兒?她說過3點(diǎn)鐘她會(huì)到這兒。但是現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)3點(diǎn)半
了,她一定錯(cuò)過了航班。女士:我想是的。但是我希望她不會(huì)錯(cuò)過下一趟航班。否
則她將趕不上會(huì)議的開幕式了。A選項(xiàng)、'瓊很有可能上錯(cuò)了飛機(jī)?!鲞x項(xiàng)“瓊不會(huì)
參加這個(gè)會(huì)議。”C選項(xiàng)意思是“瓊會(huì)錯(cuò)過下一個(gè)會(huì)議?!盌選項(xiàng)意思是“瓊很有可能
趕不上開幕式的演講?!北绢}考查了“musthavedone”這種結(jié)構(gòu)的用法。它表示對(duì)過
去某種事實(shí)的肯定推測(cè)。同時(shí)從女士話語中,我們可以看出來她很擔(dān)心瓊趕不上會(huì)
議的開幕式演講。所以D選項(xiàng)是正確答案。
三、詞匯和語法結(jié)構(gòu)(本題共20題,每題7.0分,共
20分。)
11、WhenBobwaseighteen,hegoingaroundwithastrangesetofpeopleand
stayingoutverylate.
A、tookto
B、tookup
C>tookfor
D^tookon
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:A
知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:laketo意為“沉溺于,養(yǎng)成……的習(xí)慣”;takeup意為“開始(從事廣;
takefor意為“認(rèn)為,誤認(rèn)為“:takeon意為“呈現(xiàn),雇用”。
12、Ihadthepleasureofwithyourhusbandinthestateswhenhewaslecturing
therethreeyearsago.
A^knowledge
B、identification
C、acquaintance
D^recognition
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:C
知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:本題測(cè)試近義詞辨析。acquainlance(wiih)意為“認(rèn)識(shí),了解,熟悉”,
如:Ihavenoacquaintancewiththisbook.(我不熟悉這本書。)knowledge(of)意為“知
識(shí),學(xué)問,認(rèn)識(shí)“,如:perccptual/rationalknowledge(感性/理性知識(shí)),haveno
knowledgeofLondon(對(duì)倫敦是一無所知)。idenlificalion意為“認(rèn)出,辨別,確認(rèn)身
份”,如:identificationcard(身份證),identificationoffriendorenemy(分清敵我)。
recognition(of)意為“認(rèn)巴,識(shí)別“,如:Myrecognitionofhimwasimmediale.(我立
刻就認(rèn)出是他。)
13、TheannualfloodingiscausedbymeltingsnowsonthehighEthiopianPlateau,from
whichtheNile.
A、traced
B、sourced
C、originated
D、resided
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:C
知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:本題測(cè)試詞義辨析。originated意為“起源于",符合題意。例如:
BuddhismoriginatedinIndiaandcametoChinainthefirstcenturyA.D.traced意為'追
溯”(后跟backto),例如:Thestyleofthesepaintingscanbepacedbacktoearly
medievalinfluences,sourced意為"尋求來源",例如:Wemightbeabletosourcethe
parts.;resided意為"存在于",例如:Joe^talentresidesinhisstorytellingabilities.
14、ManySouthernersrunawayslavesduringtheCivilWar.
A、avoided
R、shaded
C^prevented
D、sheltered
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:D
知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:本題測(cè)試近義詞辨析。shelter意為“掩蔽,庇護(hù)”,如:Hewas
accusedofshekeringcriminals.他被指控包庇罪犯。avoid意為“避免,避開”,如:
Toavoidconfusion,theteamsworedifferentcolors.為避免混淆,隊(duì)伍分穿不同顏色
的衣服。shade意為“遮蔽,遮光",如:Ishadedmyeyeswithmyhand.“我用手遮在
眼睛上擋住光線。"prevent(fYom)意為“預(yù)防,防止”,如:preventsusfrom
winning,“阻撓我們獲勝”。
15、AfterIcoveredfiftykilometersthatday,mylegsunderme.
A、gavein
B、gaveoff
C^gaveout
D、gaveaway
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:C
知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:本題測(cè)試短語辨析。giveout意為“分發(fā),筋疲力盡“。givein意為“屈
服”;“向某人屈服'’是giveintosb.?giveoff意為“釋放,發(fā)出giveaway意為“贈(zèng)
送,泄漏
16、ThepatternneedsspecialpracticeasChinesestudentsmayfind.
A、difficulttogetusedtoit
B、itdifficultforgettingusedto
C、itdifficulttogetusedto
D^itdifficulttogetusedtoit
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:C」
知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:il是形式賓語,不定式短語gelusedlo意為“習(xí)慣于……”是實(shí)際賓
語,difficult是賓語補(bǔ)足語。D選項(xiàng)中的最后一個(gè)il是多余的,所以錯(cuò)誤。
17>Theman,isparkedinfrontofourschool,isaprominentpolicemaninthis
city.
A、whoseredcar
B、ofwhomtheredcar
C、ofwhoseredcar
D、theredcarofhis
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:A
知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:whose在從句中做定語,相當(dāng)于theredcaroftheman's或theman's
redCaro如果選擇D選項(xiàng),從句和主句之間沒有連接詞,所以不選此選項(xiàng)。
18、Asteel-makingprocessisnowbeingdeveloped.
A、continual
R、continuous
C^successive
D、consecutive
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:B
知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:本題測(cè)試近義詞辨析。continuous,continual?successive
consecutive都有表示在一段時(shí)間內(nèi),連續(xù)發(fā)生或反復(fù)發(fā)生的意思。continuous意為
“不斷的,連續(xù)的,頻繁的”,通常指不具有間斷性的持續(xù)發(fā)生。如:acontinuous
hotweather(持續(xù)高溫天氣)。continual意為“不斷的,連續(xù)的,頻頻的”通常指具有
間斷性的持續(xù)發(fā)生。如:continualflashesoflightening(頻繁的閃電)。successive意
為“相連接的,連續(xù)的,一個(gè)接一個(gè)的“,但強(qiáng)調(diào)部分類別(如持續(xù)時(shí)間,各部分的
大小,長短),不管相互間的間隔,一個(gè)個(gè)地連續(xù)下去。如:successiveyears(連續(xù)
幾個(gè)周年)。consecutive意為“連續(xù)的,一個(gè)接一個(gè)地中間不間斷”,強(qiáng)調(diào)連續(xù)性,
規(guī)律性,順序的固定性和各部分之間的間隔小,聯(lián)系緊密(在時(shí)間、空間、邏輯
上),比如說9、10、11是consecutivenumbers(連續(xù)的數(shù)字),但如果在屏幕上連續(xù)
出現(xiàn)3個(gè)數(shù)字3、11、9時(shí),只能說flashingthesuccessivenumbersthree,eleven,
andnineonascreen(屏幕上不斷閃現(xiàn)3、11、9這3個(gè)數(shù)字)。
19、Thegovernmentistryingtodosomethingtobetterunderstandingbetween
twocountries
A、raise
B、promote
C、heighten
D、increase
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:B
知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:本題測(cè)試近義詞辨析。promoie意為“增進(jìn),促進(jìn),發(fā)揚(yáng)”,如:
promotemutualunderstandingbetweenthetwocountries(增進(jìn)兩國之間的相互了解)。
raise意為“舉起,提高,提出;養(yǎng)育”,如:raisesalaries(加薪)。heighten意為“增
加,加強(qiáng),升高“,如:Asshewaited,herfearsheightened.(她在等待時(shí),越發(fā)感到
恐懼。increase意為“增加,增長,增強(qiáng)”,如:anincreaseinwages(增加工資)。
20>betterequipment,wecouldhavedoneitbetter.
A、With
B、Without
C、Buttor
D、Wereitnotfor
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:A
知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:本句是一個(gè)虛擬語氣。選項(xiàng)中的四個(gè)詞都可以用于虛擬語氣中,但
without意為“沒有";butfor意為“如果沒有,要不是”;wereitfor意思與butfor相
同,均與題意不符。只有with意為“如果有了……”,符合題意。
21、ThetempleusedasaplaceofworshipsinceRomantimes.
A、was
B、hasnotbeen
C、hadbeen
D、wasnot
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:B
知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:本題測(cè)試完成時(shí)態(tài)。分析句中的時(shí)間狀語sinceRomantimes,我們知
道該時(shí)間狀語通常用于完成時(shí)態(tài),表示從過去某個(gè)時(shí)候開始一直持續(xù)產(chǎn)生影響的動(dòng)
作。所以B選項(xiàng)是正確選項(xiàng)。A、C、D三選項(xiàng)時(shí)態(tài)均不正確。
22、NewYorksecondintheproductionofapples,producing850million
poundsthisyear.
A^ranked
B、occupied
C、arranged
D^classified
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:A
知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:本題測(cè)試詞義辨析。rank意為“排列,排名“;occupy意為“占領(lǐng),占
用“;arrange意為“安排,排列";classify意為“分類,分等"。注意rank這個(gè)詞后面
可以直接跟序數(shù)詞,表示“排在……位置”。所以A選項(xiàng)是正確答案。
23、thefirstsentence,dieeditoricfusedtopublislitheailicle.
A^Reading
B、Havingread
C、Heread
D^Beingread
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:B
知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:本題測(cè)試分詞做狀語?,F(xiàn)在分詞做狀語通常起到表示原因、結(jié)果、目
的或伴隨的狀態(tài),它與句中的主語之間具有主動(dòng)關(guān)系。仔細(xì)閱讀這個(gè)句子,我們發(fā)
現(xiàn)前一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在后一動(dòng)作之前,故需要用完成時(shí)態(tài)。所以B選項(xiàng)是正確答案。A
選項(xiàng)為體現(xiàn)出兩個(gè)動(dòng)作之間的先后關(guān)系。C選項(xiàng)時(shí)態(tài)不對(duì),D選項(xiàng)表示正在進(jìn)行的
動(dòng)作,而且是被動(dòng)語態(tài),所以不選。
24、Hadhenotbeensobusytakingthediamonds,hetheblow.
A、wouldfeel
B>hadbeenfeeling
C、hadfelt
D、wouldhavefelt
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:D
知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:本題測(cè)試虛擬語氣。前半句省略了連接詞If,在虛擬語氣中,條件從
句中的if可以省略,但是隨后的結(jié)構(gòu)需要倒裝。如:WereIinyourshoes,Iwould
neverdothattoher.如果我是你,我絕對(duì)不會(huì)那樣對(duì)待她。題目中,條件從句的結(jié)
構(gòu)是過去完成時(shí),所以結(jié)果從句中應(yīng)當(dāng)使用“woul出could/should…+現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)”。
所以D選項(xiàng)是正確答案。A、B、C三選項(xiàng)均不符合虛擬語氣的語法結(jié)構(gòu)。
25、IfyouinBritain,youneedn'tdespair.
A、dolive
areliving
C、live
D、wereliving
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:C
知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:本題測(cè)試條件從句中的時(shí)態(tài)。通常在條件狀語從句和時(shí)間狀語從句
中,我們用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)表示將來的時(shí)間概念。所以C選項(xiàng)是正確答案。A選項(xiàng)是強(qiáng)
調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)的表達(dá)方法.在句中不符合題意0R選項(xiàng)和D選項(xiàng)的時(shí)態(tài)不正確,所以不
選。
26、Themonksletoutsidetheirenclosures,andthentheyhavegreatfreedom
too.
A、themtowander
B>tothemwandering
C、themwander
D^themwandering
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:C
知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:本題測(cè)試使役動(dòng)詞。我們將let/make/have…這一類詞稱為使役動(dòng)詞,
其后的動(dòng)詞不定時(shí)要省咯tooin:Let'sgo.Hisstorymadeuslaughtotears.所以C
選項(xiàng)是正確答案。其他選項(xiàng)均不符合該語法規(guī)則。
27、Thestorehadtoanumberofclerksbecausesalesweredown.
A、layout
layoff
C、layaside
D、laydown
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:B
知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:本題測(cè)試短語辨析。layout意為“布置,裝飾”,to:layoutourhouse
atChristmasEve(在圣誕前夕裝扮自家的房子)。layoff意為“解雇,停止",如:lay
offtheextraemployees(解雇冗余的員工)。layaside意為“積攢,擱置”,如:lay
asidemoneyinthebank(把錢存在銀行)。laydown意為"放下,放棄“,如:Lay
downthewe叩ons!(放卜-武器!)所以B選項(xiàng)亮正確答案。
28、Shellyhadpreparedcarefullyforherbiologyexaminationsothatshecouldbesure
ofpassingitonherfirst
A、intention
B、attempt
C^purpose
D、desire
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:B
知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析;本題測(cè)試固定短語。intention意為“想法,意圖,目的";attempt意為
"嘗試"haveanattempttodosth.(試圖做某事);onone'sfirstattempt(初次嘗試);
purpose意為“目的”,如forthepurposeof(為了...目的);desire意為“期望,要
求,“如haveaburningdesireforsth.(急切渴望得到...)。所以B項(xiàng)是正確答案。
29、Wewereshockedbytheextenttoteachers'decisionsservedtheinterestsof
theschoolratherthanthoseofthestudents.
A^which
B、that
C、why
D、what
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:A
知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:本題測(cè)試從句中的連接詞。在四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有which前可以加介詞,
其他選項(xiàng)均不可以。短語“t。theextent”意為“到程度”。
30、thatsomegovernmentleadersabusetheirauthorityandpositiontoget
illegalprofitsforthemselves.
A、Ithasbeenrevealed
B、Itrevealed
C、Ilisrevealed
D、Ithadbeenrevealed
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:A
知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:本題測(cè)試完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)。賓語從句中用的是現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài),所以B、D
兩選項(xiàng)可以排除,因?yàn)橹鲝木渲g的時(shí)態(tài)要相互一致。分析這個(gè)句子可看到,主從
句之間的動(dòng)作存在一個(gè)先后的關(guān)系,所以A選項(xiàng)是正確答案。
四、閱讀理解(本題共20題,每題1.0分,共20分。)
PeopleinthemassadvertisingbusinessandotherswhostudyAmericansocietyhave
beenveryinterestedinthequestion:WhatdoestheAmericanconsumerlike?Max
Lerner,awell-knownscholarwhohasstudiedAmericansociety,hassaidthatAmerican
consumersareparticularlyfondofthreethings:comfort,cleanliness,andnovelty.Lerner
believesthattheAmericanloveofcomfortperhapsgoesbacktothefrontierexperience,
wherelifewastoughandtherewereveryfewcomforts.Thisexperiencemayhave
createdastrongdesireinthepioneersandtheirchildrenforgoodsthatwouldmakelife
morecomfortable.Today,theAmerican'sloveofcomfortisseeninthewaytheyfurnish
theirhomes,designtheircars,andtravel.HowAmericanschooseanewmattressfortheir
bedisanexampleoftheAmericansloveofcomfort.ManyAmericanswillgotoastore
wherebedsarcsetup,andtheywillliedownonseveralmattressestoseewhichoneis
themostcomfortable.CleanlinessisalsohighlyvaluedbyAmericans.Thereisastrong
emphasisonkeepingallpartsofthebodyclean,andAmericansseelotsofTV
commercialsforsoap,shampoo,deodorants,andmouthwash:PerhapsthePuritan(泊教
徒的)heritagehasplayedsomeroleinthedesireforcleanliness.ThePuritans,astrict
Protestanl(新教的)churchgroupwhowereamongthefirstsettlersofAmerica,stressed
theneedtocleansethebodyofdirtandofalleviltendencies,suchassexualdesire.The
saying"CleanlinessisnexttoGodliness"reflectsthebeliefofmostAmericansthaticis
importanttokeepnotonlytheirbodies,butalsotheirclothes,theirhouses,theircars,and
eventheirpetscleanandsmellinggood.Indeed,manyAmericansareoffendedby
anyonewhodoesnotfollowtheiracceptedstandardsofcleanliness.Alongwith
cleanlinessandcomfort,Americanslovehavingthingsthatarenewanddifferent.
Perhapsthisloveofnove'tycomesfromtheirprideintheirinventiveness.Americanhave
alwaysbeeninterestedininventingnewproductsandimprovingoldones.Theyliketo
seechangesincars,clothing,andproductsforthehome.Advertisementsencourage
peopletogetridofoldproductsandtrynewones,whethertheoldonesstillworkornot.
Andiftheycannotaffordtobuysomethingnow,advertisersencourageconsumersto
chargeitonacreditcard."Buynow—paylater."
31、TheAmericanloveofcomfortoriginatedfrom.
A^theAmericans,greatprideintheirabundantnaturalresources
B、theearlysettlers'beliefinhardwork
C^thepioneers*strongdesiretomakelifemorecomfortable
D^thepioneers,ignoranceoffrugalityandconservation
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:C
知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:細(xì)節(jié)題。在第二段中,美國人對(duì)舒適的喜愛源于邊疆開發(fā)時(shí)期開拓者
們生活艱苦、渴望舒適的生活。因此C符合此意思。
32、Whenbuyingachair,mostAmericanswouldbemoreconcernedabout.
A、itsbeauty
B、itsprice
C、itsquality
D、itscomfort
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:D
知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:細(xì)節(jié)題。第二段講到,美國人喜歡舒適,這體現(xiàn)在他們購買床墊時(shí)主
要注重它的舒適性,因此可想而知,他們購買椅子也會(huì)如此,故D為正確答案。
33、Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?
A、MostAmericansdon'tcaredeodorantsbecausetheylikethenaturalodorofthe
body.
B、ThePuritansthoughttherewassomethingevilaboutsexualdesire.
C、Americansdon'tmindifothersdon'tfollowtheirstandardsofcleanliness.
D、MostAmericanspaymuchattentiontokeepingtheirbodyclean,butoftenignore
theirhouses,carsandpets.
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:B
知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:是非題。從第三段可知,美國人注重干凈,經(jīng)常用除味產(chǎn)品保持自己
身體的清潔。這一點(diǎn)可能與清教徒對(duì)清潔的愿望有關(guān)。清教徒強(qiáng)調(diào)將身體上的灰塵
及邪惡傾向,如性的欲望,全部去除掉口由此可知,清教徒認(rèn)為性的欲望是邪惡
的。故B是正確答案。
34、Accordingtothepassage,Americanstakeprideintheir.
A^standardsofcleanliness
B、inventiveness
C、oldproducts
D^comfortablelife
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:B
知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:細(xì)節(jié)題。在最后一段中,美國人對(duì)他們的發(fā)明創(chuàng)造性引以為豪(p「ide
intheirinventive-ness)o故B是正確答案。
35、WhichofthefollowingwordsisNOTappropriatetodescribeAmericans,according
tothepassage?
A、Tidy.
B、Inventive.
C、Conservative.
D、Clean.
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:C
知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:綜合理解題。根據(jù)全文所講的美國消費(fèi)者的三個(gè)特點(diǎn):喜歡舒適、干
凈和新奇,如果說美國人是“保守的“,這是不恰當(dāng)?shù)摹R虼薈是本題正確選項(xiàng)。
Britain'semissionsofgreenhousegases,blamedbymanyscientistsforcontributingto
globalwarming,havefallenby14percentsince1990,accordingtothelatestgovernment
report.Britishlakesandriversarealsoontheroadtorecoveryfromacidrainpoisoning,
followingsuccessfulcurbstoairpollutionfromcarsandheavyindustry.Thereportby
theNationalAtmosphericEmissionsInventory(NAEI)attributedthedropingreenhouse
gasemissionstoseveralfactorsincluding:theintroductionofcatalyticconverterson
cars,amovetowardlowsulphurandlead-freepetrolandaswitchtogasfromcoaland
oilinpowergeneration.EnvironmentMinisterMichaelMeachersaidthedownward
trendwaswelcome,butwarnedofcomplacency."Eventhoughthesefiguresare
encouraging,wemustnotbecomplacent.Therearestillsignificantproblemswherewe
needtodomore,forexample,tofurtherreducegreenhousegasesandharmfulpollutants
(污染物)suchasammoniaandparticulatematter,Hhesaidinastatement.The
governmenthasatargettocutgreenhousegasesby23percentby2010on1990levels.
Thisisalmostdoublethetargetof12.5percenttowhichtheUKiscommittedunderthe
KyotoProtocolandtherearesignsthatemissionsarerisingasgeneratorsreturntousing
coal-firedpowerstationsinthefaceofrisingnaturalgasprices.TheDepartmentof
EnvironmentFoodandRuralAffairs(DEFRA)saidsubstantialcurbsonsulphurdioxide
emissionsacrosstheUKandEuropehadcutacidrainbyhalfoverthelast12years.
"Damagedfreshwaterlakesandstreamsareshowingsignsofrecovery,"itsaid.Bui
DEFRAwarnedofanewthreat."Nitrogenoxidesandammoniaarethemainair
pollutantsthatmustbetackledtostopfuturedamage."ThebulkofBritain'sammonia
emissionscomefromfarmanimalmanure(糞J把),causingovcr-cnrichmcntoflandand
waterways,saidthereport.Certainspeciesrampageuncheckedthroughthisultra-fertile
environment,smotheringtheslowergrowingplantsbeneaththemandchokingstreams
andrivers.Nitrogenoxidesentertheatmospherefromcarexhaustsandindustry,creating
health-damagingozoneandcontributingtoacidrain.
36、Accordingtothepassage,Britainhasachievedsuccessinallofthefollowing
EXCEPT.
A、reducingemissionsofgreenhousegases
B、recoveringlakesandriversfrompollution
C、preventingacidrainfromfalling
D、curbingairpollutionfromcarsandheavyindustry
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:C
知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:是非題。艱據(jù)文章開頭,英國的溫室氣體排放下降了14%,緊接著
成功抑制了汽車和重工業(yè)空氣污染后,湖泊和河流受到的酸雨污染也得以改善。由
此可知A、B和D都是對(duì)的,只有C說阻止了酸雨,是文章中沒有說的。因此C
是正確答案。
37、WhichofthefollowinghasBritainNOTdonetodecreaseemissionsofgreenhouse
gases?
A、Introducedcatalyticconvertersoncars.
B、Encourageduseoflowsulphurandlead-freepetrol.
C、Replacedcoalandoilwithgasinpowergeneration.
D、Closeddownsomeheavyindustryfactories.
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:D
知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:是非題。在第四段中講到英國溫室氣體排放下降的原因:在汽車內(nèi)安
裝催化轉(zhuǎn)化器、鼓勵(lì)使用低硫和無鉛汽油、發(fā)電過程中的煤和石油改換成天然氣。
文章沒有說關(guān)閉了一些污染嚴(yán)重的重工業(yè)工廠,所以D是本題正確選項(xiàng)。
38、Theword"complacent"(Para.5)canbebestreplacedby.
A、disappointed
B、discouraged
C、satisfied
D^excited
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:C
知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:詞匯題。此詞可根據(jù)上下文的邏輯來判斷。文章在前幾段先講英國控
制溫室氣體排放取得了一些成果,但緊接著環(huán)境大臣說,雖然這些成果是鼓舞人心
的,但我們不能就此滿足,仍有更多的問題需要我們付出更多努力。所以
complacent是“滿足的;自滿的”的意思。故C是正確答案。
39、WhatisUK'scommittedtargetundertheKyotoProtocoltocutgreenhousegasesby
2010?
A、Tocutby23%on1990levels.
R、Tocuthy25%on1990levels.
C、Tocutby12.5%on1990levels.
D、Tocutby50%on1990levels.
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:c
知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:細(xì)節(jié)題。在第六、七段中講到,政府的目標(biāo)是到2010年時(shí)在1990年
的水平上將溫室氣體減少23%,而這幾乎雙倍于英國在京都議定書下承諾的12.
5%o由此可知,本題的正確答案應(yīng)該是12.5%,即C是正確答案。
40、Thebulkofammoniaemissionscoiningfromfarmanimalmanuremay.
A、makelandandwaterwaysultra-fertile
smotherthegrowingofplants
C、createhealthdamagingozone
D、contributetoacidrain
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:A
知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:細(xì)節(jié)題。取據(jù)文章最后一段,大量的來自動(dòng)物糞便的氨會(huì)使土地和水
道變得過分肥沃,因此導(dǎo)致許多植物過分生長蔓延,扼制了下層植物的生長,并阻
塞水路。由此可知,A是正確答案。B之所以不對(duì)是因?yàn)椴皇前倍笾屏酥参锏纳?/p>
長;而有害健康的臭氧和酸雨主要是由氧化氮引起的,所以C和D也都不對(duì)。
Imagineeatingeverythingdeliciousyouwantwithnoneofthefat.Thatwouldbegreat,
wouldn'tit?New"fakefat"productsappearedonstoreshelvesintheUnitedStates
recently,butnoteveryoneishappyaboutit.Makersoftheproducts,whichcontaina
compoundcalledolestra,sayfoodmanufacturerscannoweliminatefatfromcertain
foods.Critics,however,saythenewcompoundcanrobthebodyofessentialvitamins
andnutrientsandalsocauseunpleasantsideeffectsinsomepeople.Soit'supto
consumerstodecidewhetherthenewfat-freeproductstastegoodenoughtokeepeating.
Chemistsdiscoveredolcstrainthelate1960s,whentheyweresearchingforafatthat
couldbedigestedbyinfantsmoreeasily.Insteadoffindingthedesiredfat,the
researcherscreatedafatthatcan'tbedigestedatall.Normally,specialchemicalsinthe
intestines(腸道)"grab"moleculesofregularfatandbreak"themdownsotheycanbe
usedbythebody.Amoleculeofregularfatismadeupofthreemoleculesofsubstances
calledfattyacids.Thefatlyacidsarcabsorbedbytheintestinesandbringwiththemthe
essentialvitaminsA,D,EandK.Whenfatmoleculesarepresentintheintestineswith
anyofthosevitamins,thevitaminsattachtothemoleculesandarecarriedintothe
bloodstream.Olestra,whichismadefromsixtoeightmoleculesoffattyacids,istoo
largefortheintestinestoabsorb.Itjustslidesthroughtheintestineswithoutbeingbroken
down.Manufacturerssayit'sthatabilitytoslideunchangedthroughtheintestinesthat
makesolestrasovaluableasafitsubstitute.Itprovidesconsumerswiththetasteof
regularfatwithoutanybadeffectsonthebody.Butcriticssayolestracanprevent
vitaminsA,D,EandKfrombeingabsorbed.Itcanalsopreventtheabsorptionof
carotenoids(類胡蘿卜素),compoundsthatmayreducetheriskofcancer,heartdisease,
etc.ManufacturersareaddingvitaminsA,D,EandKaswellascarotenoidstotheir
productsnow.Evenso,somenutritionistsarestillconcernedthatpeoplemighteat
unlimitedamountsoffoodmadewiththefatsubstitutewithoutworryingabouthow
manycaloriestheyarcconsuming.
41、Welearnfromthepassagethatolestraisasubstancethat.
A、containsplentyofnuirients
B、makesfoodsfat-freewhilekeepingthemdelicious
C、rendersfoodscalorie-freewhileretainingtheirvitamins
D、makesfoodeasilydigestible
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:B
知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:細(xì)節(jié)題。文章第二段的相關(guān)內(nèi)容介紹,生產(chǎn)不含脂肪食品的廠商,在
他們的產(chǎn)品中加入了一種稱為olestra的化合物,并宣稱他們可以因此將某些食品
中的脂肪去掉。由此可見,olestra具有去除食品中脂肪的功能。此外,文章的第一
句就提出了一個(gè)充滿誘惑力的可能性:我們可以人吃任何美味的食物,而不攝人脂
肪。根據(jù)文章的邏輯發(fā)展,olestra正是用來實(shí)現(xiàn)這一可能性的物質(zhì),因此B項(xiàng)最全
面、正確。
42、Theresultofthesearchforaneasilydigestiblefatturnedouttobe.
A、justasanticipated
B>commerciallyuseless
C^quiteunexpected
D^somewhatcontroversial
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:C
知識(shí)點(diǎn).析:細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第三段的介紹,化學(xué)家們是在20世紀(jì)60年代末期
發(fā)現(xiàn)olestra這一物質(zhì)的,而且是他們?cè)陂_發(fā)研究容易被嬰兒消化的脂肪的時(shí)候,
意外得到的副產(chǎn)品,即。lestra是一種無法消化的脂肪,與科學(xué)家們研究的初衷相
反。因此C”完全出乎意料之外”符合題意。
43、Olestraisdifferentfromordinaryfatsinthat.
A^itfacilitatestheabsorptionofvitaminsbythebody
B、itpassesthroughtheintestineswithoutbeingabsorbed
C、ithelpsreducetheincidenceofheartdisease
D、itpreventsexcessiveintakeofvitamins
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:B
知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:細(xì)節(jié)題。從第五段可知,普通的脂肪細(xì)胞只有3個(gè)稱為脂肪酸的分
子。脂肪酸在經(jīng)過腸道的時(shí)候,會(huì)被腸道吸收,并且?guī)碇陵P(guān)重要的維生素A、
D、E和K。第六段指出,olestra由6到8個(gè)脂肪酸分子所構(gòu)成,因?yàn)轶w積太大不
能分解而無法被腸道吸收,因此B符合文章原意。
44、Whatisapossiblenegativeeffectofolestraaccordingtosomecritics?
A、Itmayincreasetheriskofcancer.
B、Itmayimpairthedigestivesystem.
C>Itmayspoiltheconsumers'appetite.
D、Itmayaffecttheoverallfatintake.
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:A
知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析?:細(xì)節(jié)題。艱據(jù)文章第六段介紹,一些對(duì)olestra持批判態(tài)度的人認(rèn)
為,它會(huì)妨礙維生素A、D、E、K以及類胡蘿卜素的吸收,而類胡蘿卜素正是減
少癌癥以及心臟病發(fā)病率的一種化合物,因此A為正確答案。
45、Whyarenutritionistsconcernedaboutaddingvitaminstoolestra?
A、Peoplemaybeinducedtoeatmorethanisnecessary.
B、Itmaytriggeranewwaveoffakefoodproduction.
C>Itmayleadtotheover-consumptionofvitamins.
D、Thefunctionoftheintestinesmaybeweakened.
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:A
知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:細(xì)節(jié)題「文章最后一段談到:一些食品廠商正往他們的產(chǎn)品中加入維
生素A、D、E、K以及類胡蘿卜素,但是即使他們做出這些努力,仍然有一些營
養(yǎng)學(xué)家們擔(dān)憂人們會(huì)攝入過多的用代脂肪制成的食品,從而攝入過多的熱量。因此
A為正確選項(xiàng)。
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