HelpingthoseinneedUnit1raise:(1)v.籌集raisemoney(for...)(2)v.增加；提高raise/putupone’shandraiseone’sspiritsraiseprice(3)v.撫養(yǎng)raisechildren

raising-raised-raised(為)籌募資金舉手使振奮提高價格撫養(yǎng)孩子【辨析】raise與rise（1）raise:及物動詞，后接賓語;

其主語是人。eg.Heraiseshisvoice.

他提高了他的嗓音。（2）rise:不及物動詞，后不接賓語;

其主語是物。eg.Thesunrisesintheeast.

太陽從東方升起。(rise-rose-risen）“提高；上升”1．TheRedCrosshas________1.3milliondollarsfortsunamivictims.A．risen B．raise C．torise D．raised2．—What’stheresultofthegreenhouseeffect?—Itcausesthelevelofthesea________.A．rise B．toraise C．torise3．Thepriceofpork________soquicklythesedays.A．a(chǎn)fford B．rises C．improves D．raise4.

Thepoormanstartsworkingbeforethesun________everydaysothathecould________hisfamily.A．rises,rise B．raises,raise C．rises,raise D．raises,rise(1)permission:eg.Youarenottoleaveyourstationwithoutpermission.

未經(jīng)允許，不得離開崗位。askpermissiongivepermission

=agreementn.準(zhǔn)許申請批準(zhǔn)允許(2)permit:permitted-permitted-permittingpermit/allowsbtodosthsbbepermittedtodostheg.Theguardspermittedmetobringmycameraandtaperecorder.

守衛(wèi)允許我?guī)舷鄼C(jī)和錄音機(jī)。

Radiosarenotpermittedinthelibrary.

圖書館內(nèi)不許使用收音機(jī)。

v.準(zhǔn)許允許某人做某事某人被允許做某事1．Thelittleboycameintothelibrary,without________.A．permitting B．havingpermitted C．permitted D．beingpermitted2．Wedon’tpermit________,butyouarepermitted_____outside.A．smoking;smoking B．tosmoke;tosmokeC．smoking;tosmoke D．tosmoke;smoking(1)disabled:

thedisabledeg.It’simpolitetolaughatthedisabled.

嘲笑殘疾人是不禮貌的。(2)disable:able:eg.Youcanalsodisabletheapp.

您還可以禁用這個APP。adj.有殘疾的殘疾人(指一類人)adj.有能力的v.使喪失能力(3)disability:ability:eg.Disabilityisaphysicallimitationonyourlife.

殘疾在身體方面限制了你的生活。can

do

sth=be

able

to

dosth=have

the

abilitytodostheg.Heiswellabletotakecareofhimself.

他完全能夠自理。n.能力n.殘疾能做某事(4)unable:(5)enable:

enablesbtodostheg.ThesoftwareenablesyoutoaccesstheInternetinseconds.這種軟件使你在幾秒鐘內(nèi)便可訪問互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。adj.不能的v.使能夠使某人能夠做某事teenager:teenage:adult:child/kid:eg.Teenagersshouldlearntolookafterthemselves.

青少年應(yīng)該學(xué)著照顧自己。n.青少年adj.青少年的n.成年人n.兒童

offer:offersbsth=offersthtosbprovidesbwithsth=providesthforsbeg.TheydecidedtoofferTomthejob.=TheydecidedtoofferthejobtoTom.

他們決定讓Tom做這份工作。offertodostheg.Peterofferedtoteachthemskating.

彼得表示愿意教他們滑冰。

v.

主動提出=provide=supply提供給某人某物主動提出做某事Thatgirl______herseat____theoldman.=Thatgirl_______theoldmanherseat.那個女孩主動給老人讓座。

Theboys_________________theoldwoman.

男孩們主動幫助那位老婦人。offeredtoofferedtohelpoffered(1)suffer:sufferfromeg.Heissufferingfromatoothache.(2)suffering:eg.Ithascausedterriblesufferingtoanimals.

它已經(jīng)給動物們造成了可怕的痛苦。suffering-suffered-sufferedv.受折磨受……折磨n.痛苦(1)serious:eg.He'squiteaseriousperson.

他是一個相當(dāng)嚴(yán)肅的人。Happily,hisneckinjurieswerenotserious.

幸運(yùn)的是，他脖子上的傷并不嚴(yán)重。認(rèn)真的嚴(yán)重的;adj.嚴(yán)肅的;(2)seriously:eg.Smokingseriouslydamagesyourhealth.

吸煙嚴(yán)重?fù)p害健康。Iwishyou'dtakemeseriously.

我希望你認(rèn)真對待我的話。(3)seriousness:eg.Ihopeyourealizetheseriousnessofthiscrime.

我希望你能認(rèn)識到這一罪行的嚴(yán)重性。認(rèn)真地adv.嚴(yán)重地=badly;n.嚴(yán)重性；認(rèn)真

illness:eg.Thedoctorsarehelpingtheboywithillness.

醫(yī)生正在幫助患病的男孩。ill:“生病”

beilln.疾病worse-worstadj.有病的=sickfallill=getsick（動作，瞬間）（狀態(tài)

）

organize:

organization:organizer:organized:eg.Weshouldorganizemoresocialevents.

我們應(yīng)該組織更多社交活動。Sheisanexcellentorganizer.

她是一個出色的組織者。Themeetingwasverywellorganized.

這次會議組織得很好。v.組織n.組織n.組織者adj.有組織的eg.WTOisaworldwideorganization.

世貿(mào)組織是一個世界性的組織。常見組織名WorldTradeOrganization(WTO) 世界貿(mào)易組織WorldHealthOrganization(WHO) 世界衛(wèi)生組織Theschool___________theEnglishspeakingcompetition.Theaimofthis____________istohelpthepeopleinneed.Tomisoneofthe_________inthisactivity.organizedorganizationorganizersexpress:expressoneselfexpressone’sfeelingsexpressfears/doubts/interest/regret/surprise表示擔(dān)心/懷疑/興趣/遺憾/驚訝eg.Wordscan’texpresshowpleasedIam.

言語無法表達(dá)我的愉快心情。(1)v.表達(dá);快遞表達(dá)某人自己(思想感情)表達(dá)某人的感情(2)adj.特快的expressdeliveryexpresswayexpresstrainexpression:快遞高速公路特快列車n.表達(dá);表情;習(xí)慣用語(常用復(fù)數(shù))The

(express)ontheirfaceshelpmetogettheirmeaning.Canyou

(express)yourselfclearlyintheclass?Thescenerytherewasbeautifulbeyond(超過)

___________(express).expressionsexpressexpressionbeyondexpression難以言表pain:

painful:

painless:Nopains,nogains.一份耕耘，一份收獲eg.Thisshouldhelpeasethepain.

這該有助于減輕痛苦。Myankleisstilltoopainfultowalkon.

我的腳腕還是疼得不能走路。n.痛苦adj.痛苦的adj.無痛的Thefloodin2021wasa

experienceforeveryoneinZhengzhou.

(pain)Wecanclearlyseethe

fromhereyes.(painfully)painfulpainlonely:

eg.Sheislonely.Thisisanlonelyisland.alone:eg.Theoldmanlivesalone.Sheisalone.Butsheisnotlonely.

她獨(dú)自一人。但是她不感到孤獨(dú)。

lonelyalone-lonelier-loneliestadj.孤單的她很孤獨(dú)。這是座孤島。adj./adv.單獨(dú)的=byoneself/onone’sown可以放在名詞前不能放在名詞前強(qiáng)調(diào)人內(nèi)心孤單的感受；強(qiáng)調(diào)身邊沒人；這老人獨(dú)居。1.Stevenisnewhere,soheoftenfeels

____.2.Shelives______andoftenfeels________.3.Hemissedhisparentssomuchandheoftenfelt______andunhappy.A．a(chǎn)longB．a(chǎn)lone C．lonelylonely

alonelonelyalong:eg.Theywalkedslowlyalongtheroad.

他們沿公路慢慢走。Iwasjustwalkingalongsingingtomyself.

我獨(dú)自唱著歌向前走著。We'regoingforaswim.Whydon'tyoucomealong?

我們要去游泳。你干嗎不一起去？prep.沿著adv.向前;一起(去/來)(1)friendship:aclose/lasting/lifelongfriendship親密的╱持久的╱終生的友誼eg.Thetwoboysformedadeepfriendship.

這兩個男孩建立了深厚的感情。(2)friend:(3)friendly:befriendlytosbeg.Everyonewasveryfriendlytome.

每個人都對我十分友好。n.友誼n.朋友a(bǔ)dj.友好的對某人友好(1)difficulty:pl.havedifficulty/trouble（in）doing

在(做)某方面有困難eg.Maybeyouhavedifficultyinfindingit.

也許你去找時會有困難。DoyouhaveanydifficultywithyourEnglish?

你在英語方面有什么困難嗎？

n.困難=problem=troubledifficulties/withsthindifficulty/difficultieseg.Thecity'sfilmindustryisindifficulty.

該市的電影業(yè)舉步維艱。(2)difficult:eg.It’snotdifficulttoseewhat’sbehindit.

不難明白其中的奧妙。在困境中adj.困難的（1）Itistoo________（difficulty）forhimtodoit.（2）Theyhavedifficultyin________（read）.（3）SometimesJanehas___________gettingup.（4）Itis_________forTimtoworkoutthisproblem.difficultreadingdifficultydifficult

(1)joy:toone’sjoytearsofjoy

dosthwithjoyeg.Saltershoutedwithjoy.索爾特高興地叫起來。

Tohisgreatjoy,sheaccepted.

使他感到非常高興的是她接受了。(2)joyful:eg.Itwasajoyfulmeeting.

這是一次令人高興的見面。=happiness=pleasureun.高興使某人高興的是……喜極而泣高興地做某事adj.高興的=happy=pleasant(3)joyfully:eg.Joyfully,heembracedandkissedhisparentsandAksah.他開心地?fù)肀?，親吻他的父母，還有阿克薩。

adv.高興地=happily1.Christmasissucha______timeofyear.2.Hehasgreat_____inlisteningtomusic.3.Lookingafterthebabyisbothpainfuland_______.4.Theygreetedhim_______.5.Weshouldstudywith________.joyfuljoyfullyjoyjoyful

joy(1)peace:inpeaceeg.Worldpeaceisthegreatesttreasureofall.Weshouldkeepthepeace.

世界和平是最可貴的珍寶。我們應(yīng)該維護(hù)和平。(2)peaceful:Wearenotlivinginapeacefulworld,butapeacefulcountryChina.

我們不是生活在一個和平的世界,而是一個和平的國家——中國。un.寧靜；和平和平地，安靜地adj.安靜的，和平的(3)peacefully:eg.Theylivedpeacefullywithwildpigs.

他們與野豬和平相處adv.和平地hurt:

hurtoneselfeg.Didyouhurtyourself?Ididn’twanttohurthisfeelings.

我并沒有想要傷害他的感情。-hurt—hurt(1)v.受傷傷到自己你傷著自己了嗎？(2)adj.（身體上）受傷的；（感情上）痛苦的比較級:

最高級:gethurtfeelhurteg.Noneofthepassengerswerebadlyhurt.

乘客中沒有人嚴(yán)重受傷。mosthurtmorehurt;受傷感到不快(1)courage:takecourage

losecourage(2)encourage:

encouragesb

todosth

(3)courageous:eg.Mr.Heencouragedustohavecourage/tobecourageous/brave.

何老師鼓勵我們要勇敢。=bravenessn.勇氣鼓起勇氣喪失勇氣，灰心v.鼓勵鼓勵某人做某事adj.勇敢的=brave(1)spirits:

beinhigh/lowspirits

keeponesspiritsup

raiseone'sspirits(2)spirit:(3)spiritual:pl.情緒；心境情緒高╱低保持高昂的情緒打起精神cn.情緒，心境；un.精神，意志adj.精神的Theywereinlowspirits.他們精神不振。Wemustraiseourspiritstoworkandstudy.我們必須打起精神來工作和學(xué)習(xí)。Theysangsongstokeeptheirspiritsup.他們唱歌以保持高昂的情緒。Heisdead,buthisspiritliveson.他死了，但他的靈魂將永存。(1)pay:

payincash

paybycreditcard

payattentionto(doing)sth

payoff(2)unpaid:

(3)payment:

acashpaymentpays-paying-paid-paidv.支付n.工資付現(xiàn)金用信用卡付注意(做)某事償清（債務(wù)）adj.未付款的n.付款；收款現(xiàn)金付款(1)人+pay+錢+forsth花…（錢）買某物eg.

Ipaid1000yuanforthetickets.(2)人+spend+時間/錢+on/(in)doing+stheg.Ispend1000yuanonthetickets.Ispend1000yuanbuyingthetickets.(3)物+cost+人+錢

某物花去某人…（錢）eg.Theticketscostme1000yuan.(4)Ittakessb+錢/時間+todosth

花費(fèi)某人...錢/時間做某事Ifyouworkhard,youwillgetagoodpay.如果你努力工作，你就會獲得好報酬。Hepaid5yuanforthispen.他花了5元買這支筆。Wouldyoulikecashpaymentore-payment?請問您是想現(xiàn)金支付還是電子支付？Itwouldtakehimtherestofhislifetopayoffthatloan.還清那筆貸款將花費(fèi)他的余生。We

should

pay

attention

to

thetrafficlightswhencrossingthestreet.我們過馬路時應(yīng)該注意紅綠燈。1.Ibelieveyourhardworkwill________someday.A．payoff B．payfor C．payback D．payin2.Sheworkedveryhard.Shesucceeded_______hermortgage(抵押借款)after15years.A．payoff B．topayoffC．inpayingoff D．onpayingoffcommunity:pl.eg.WeoftengotothecommunityparksonSaturday.

周六我們經(jīng)常去社區(qū)公園。n.社區(qū)communitiesinordertodostheg.Hekeepstakingexerciseeverydayinordertokeephealthy.

為了保持健康，他每天堅持鍛煉。

inorderthat后接目的狀語從句，從句中通常有could,can,must,might等情態(tài)動詞。eg.Hekeepstakingexerciseeverydayinorderthathecankeephealthy.

為了保持健康，他每天堅持鍛煉。為了做…volunteer:voluntary:eg.Heusedto_________________.

他曾經(jīng)做過義務(wù)性工作。

Schoolsneed__________tohelpchildrentoread.

學(xué)校需要義務(wù)工作者幫助兒童閱讀。

dovoluntaryworkvolunteersn.志愿者adj.自愿的1.Inorder________pandas,peoplewillgrowmorebamboointhemountains.A．tosave B．save C．saving D．saves2.Inorder_________(protect)theenvironment,ourgovernmentissettingupsomeparks.3.Inorder____________(celebrate)his_______（twenty）birthday,hisparentsinvitedmanyrelativesandfriendstocome.toprotecttocelebratetwentiethMymotherandIwillcontinuetovisitVivien.continuetodosthcontinuedoingsth繼續(xù)做某事(另一件事情)繼續(xù)做原來的事NewPhrases

inneedvoluntaryworkaskpermissionsufferfromraiseone'sspirits需要幫助的義務(wù)性的工作報請批準(zhǔn)因受苦；受折磨使振奮；使鼓起勇氣C1.Thewordsinitalicsarefromthereportsonpage3.Circlethecorrectanswerstocompletethesesentences.1.Whensomethingisserious,itis_______.a.badordangerousb.goodandsafe2.Ifyouhaveanillness,youareaperson_______.a.ingoodhealthb.inbadhealth3.Ifyouhavepeace,youare______.a.nervousb.notworriedorexcited4.Apersonwithcourageisusually____ofsomethingdangerousordifficult.a.afraidb.notafraid5.Ifyouraisesomething,you_____.a.makeitlowerb.moveithigher6.Ifyouar