大理州屆高中畢業(yè)生第二次復(fù)習(xí)統(tǒng)一檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)注意事項(xiàng)：答卷前，考生務(wù)必用黑色碳素筆將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)填寫在答題卡上，并認(rèn)真核準(zhǔn)條形碼上的準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)、姓名、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)及科目，在規(guī)定的位置貼好條形碼。回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力共兩節(jié)，滿分分)第一節(jié)共5小題每小題5分，滿分5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的、、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】HowwillthewomangototheMuseum?A.Bybus.B.Onfoot.C.Bysubway.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Excuseme,I’mgoingtothecitymuseum.Isthereabusstationnearby?M:No,butyoucantakethesubwayLineOne.I’mwalkingtothenearbystation.Whydon’tyoucomewithme?W:Thatcouldn’tbebetter.Thanksalot.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】WhatplacedidSamgetintherace?A.Firstplace.B.Secondplace.C.Lastplace.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:IfSamhadnotfalleninthemen’sonehundredmeterfinal,hewouldhavecomefirst.W:Didhecomesecond?第1頁(yè)/共27頁(yè)M:No,hewashurtandsofarbehindalltheotherplayers,buthemanagedtocrossthefinishline.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whenwillthemanseethedoctor?A.At00a.m.B.At10:00a.m.C.At4:00p.m.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Hi,I’dliketobookanappointmentwiththedoctor,hopefullyat10a.m.W:I’msorry.It’salreadybookedup.Icouldfityouinanhourlaterorwehaveafreespotatfourthisafternoon.M:I’lltaketheoneinthemorning,please.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.AttheflowerB.Attheflowermarket.C.Inthegarden.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Thesunflowersinthesepotsgrowwell.Theyaremuchmorebeautifulthantheonesinmyneighbor’sgarden.M:Thesunflowersinmyshoparenotonlybeautifulbutalsocheap.W:That’sgreat.Iwilltakeone.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatwasthewomanalwaysworriedaboutaccordingtotheman?A.Theviewofthegarden.B.Thesafetyoftheman.C.Thefruitofthetree.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:doneagreatjobwiththeflowersinyourgarden.Hey,rememberwhenyouusedtotellmeforclimbingtheappletree.W:Iwasfrightenedyoumightfallout.M:Now,youthoughtthatIdamagedtheapplesforyourapplepie.第二節(jié)共小題每小題5分，滿分5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的、、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘聽完后，各第2頁(yè)/共27頁(yè)小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。6.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A.OnB.OnThursday.C.OnFriday.7.Whatshouldthewomandointhecompany?A.Recordinformation.B.Chairmeetings.C.salesreports.【答案】6.B7.A【解析】【原文】W:it’ssobig.M:wehavetheteamsalesmeetingshereonandthemanagermeetingsonFriday.W:So,therewillbeamanagermeetingCouldyoupleaseletmeknowwhattasksIwillberesponsiblefor?I’dliketomakeanoteofthem.M:jobwillbetorecordinformationinthemeetings,oryouwillhelpthedirectorhandlesomeothertasks,receivingsalesreportsandschedulingothermeetings.W:Okay,Igotit.8.WhydoesthewomancometotalktoMr.Johnson?A.seekhisadvice.B.explainadecision.C.makeanappointment.9.Whatwasthewoman’ssymptomthisafternoon?A.Shehadasorethroat.B.Shehadahighfever.C.Shehadaseriousheadache.10.WhichrolewillMaryprobablyact?A.Aservant.B.Acivilian.C.Aprincess.【答案】8.B9.A10.C【解析】【原文】W:Hello,Mr.Johnson.MayIhaveamoment?M:Ofcourse.What’sthematter?W:I’mreallysorrytobotheryou,butI’mfeelingunwellandIdon’tthinkIcanperforminthisstageIwokeupthismorningwithasorethroatandahighfever.Iwenttothedoctorandhesaiditwasaflu.Thisafternoon,my第3頁(yè)/共27頁(yè)feverwasgonebutmythroatwasgettingsorerandIhadaslightheadacheImaylosemyvoiceforawhile.M:I’msorrytohearthat,butyouareplayingaprincess,theleadnotaservantorcivilianwhoamIgoingtoreplaceyouwith.W:MaryalsocompletedforthepartandIbelieveshewouldbesuitable.M:Goodidea.Iguessshallbepleased.thenyoustillcan’tcometoschooltomorrowright.W:Right,Iwon’tbecomingtoschoolforthenexttwodaysandplustheweekendwhichgivesmefourdaysofrestinaM:Okay,takecare.W:Ihopeyourecoversoon.Whatistheweatherliketoday?A.Sunny.B.Rainy.C.12.Whathappenedtotheman’sfriend?A.Somethingwentwrongwithhisracingcar.B.Hisairballoonridewaspostponed.C.Hefellillafterthespeedboatride.13.Whichinstrumentmightthemanwanttolearn?A.Theguitar.B.Thepiano.C.Theviolin.【答案】A12.C13.C【解析】【原文】W:Whatwouldyoulikeforabirthday?youlikesomethingtouse,likeaguitarorpianomaybe?M:I’dliketolearnaninstrument,butIquiteliketheideaofanexperiencetoo,know,likeadayracingfastcarsoranairballoonride.Buttobehonest,thosesortsofthingsrelyontheweatheralot,unlessitisniceliketheday.I’veheardaboutlotsofairballoonridesbeingpostponedduetorainyconditions.W:Didn’tyourfrienddosomethinglikethat?Anditwenthorriblywrong.M:Itwasanexcitingspeedboatridebutasitwaswindy.Hewasthrowingoverboard.Theyfishedhimstraightout,buthecaughtacoldfromtheexperienceW:Em,well.Maybe,wewon’tgetyouthatthen.Howaboutmyideaaboutlearningamusicalinstrument?M:Actually,thatwouldbegood.AsI’dlovetoplayinanorchestra,butnotthetwoinstrumentsyousuggested.第4頁(yè)/共27頁(yè)W:Okay,leaveitwithmeanditwillbeasurprise.14.Whatdothespeakersmainlytalkabout?A.Theman’schallenge.B.ThecapitalsofEurope.C.Thegreattimeinuniversity.15.Howdoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Facetoface.B.Overthephone.C.Byavideocall.16.Whichcitydoesthemanplantogotonext?A.Berlin.B.Amsterdam.C.Lisbon.17.Howdoesthemansound?A.Excited.B.Mad.C.【答案】14.A15.B16.B17.A【解析】【原文】W:Goodmorning,Michael.I’vebeenthinkingaboutcallingyou.What’sgoingonoverthere?M:Hi,Janet.onthethirddayofourtenEuropeancapitalcitiesintendayschallenge.It’sbeenamadthreedayssofar.ItallbeganwhenweflewintotheEnglishcapitalLondononThursdayafternoon.hadaquicklookaroundandagoodnight’ssleepandthegotonthemorningtraintoParis,thecapitalofFrance.Thefollowingday,wetraveledtoBrussels,thecapitalofBelgiumandthat’swherewearenowenjoyingbreakfast.W:Andyourplanistovisitsevenmorecapitalsinthenextsevendays?SoareyouheadedGermanynext?M:Nowwe’lltraveltoBerlininGermanyintwodaystime.Beforethat,It’sAmsterdaminaNetherlands.AfterBerlinweworkourwaythroughEuropeendinginPortugal’scapital,Lisbonnextweek.W:weretravelingwithyourfriendsfromuniversityright?M:weareallhavingagreattime.W:Whataboutwemakeavideocallnexttime.I’mlookingforwardtoseeingtheviews.M:Ofcourse,speaksoon.18.Whatisthepurposeofthegathering?A.introducetheband.B.celebratetheprofessor’sretirement.第5頁(yè)/共27頁(yè)C.announcethecancellationofexams.19.WhatwillMr.Hopkinsdoinhisfreetime?A.Becomeagardener.B.Becomeaguitarist.C.Becomeabeekeeper.20.Whatwillthestudentsdointhenextsemester?A.Studywithanewteacher.B.Studyplayingtheguitar.C.Studyindependently.【答案】18B19.C20.A【解析】【原文】Iknowyouareallwonderingwhywehavegatheredheretogether.Ihaveannouncementstomake.areperhapswonderingifwearefinishingthetermearlyormaybeyouarehopingthatIhavecalledyouallheretocancelyourexams.Nosuchluck,Iamafraid.IwantedustocometogetherandthankourwonderfulprofessorHopkins,beforeheleavesSarahuniversityforbiggerandbetterthingsafterfortyyears’service.areallgoingtomisshimdearly.IaskedprofessorHopkinswhatheplanstodowithalltheextratimeonhishands.Mostpeopledosomethinglikelearnanewmusicalinstrumentortakeupgardening.Mr.Hopkinsisgoingtofollowanewpassion.Hewillbeswappinghissuitforafullsetofprotectiveclothingandproducinghoney.IfyouarecurrentlyenrolledinoneofMr.Hopkin’sclassesfornextterm.Don’tworry.won’tneedtostudyalone.IsaidMr.Hopkinswasalmostirreplaceablebutnotquite.willbeintroducingyoutoMissJonesearlynextterm.Nowasyouknow,professorHopkinslovesplayingtheguitar.Let’swatchthestepbentperformforonelasttimeasweseefarewell.第二部分閱讀共兩節(jié)，滿分分)第一節(jié)共小題每小題5分，滿分5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的、、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AIntoday’sdigitalenvironment,it’srefreshingtoshopatanauthenticstreetmarket.Herewe’vedugdeeptouncoversomeofthebestones.—TheChatuchakMarketisclaimedtobetheworld’slargestweekendmarket,whichmakesithardtonavigatefornewcomers.Assuch,graboneofthefreemarketmapsfromtheinformationbooth.Itwillhelpyoufromgettinglost!hearloudmusicfromeclecticfashionstalls,smellthescentofThaistreetfoodcooking,andseegroupsofpeoplemovingabout.Everythingisprettycheaphere,sodon’tfeelthatyouneedtogetdownon第6頁(yè)/共27頁(yè)pricetoomuch.—Asthemostfamousgroupofstreetmarketsintheworld,souksofMarrakechhaveover3,000stallsandfoodvendors(攤販)sellingeverythingfrommulti-coloredMoroccancarpetstospices,antiquesandtagines.goodssuchasgoldanddelicatehandicraftsarelocatedinthecenterofthemarket,andtheitemsbecomelessexpensiveasyouworkyourwayout.Itcanbehothere,sothebesttimetovisitisinthemorningorforapleasanteveningwalk.—Ifyou’reluckyenoughtofindyourselfinthetypicalSpanishcityofBarcelona,thelocalmarketofLaBoqueriaisamust.Thegrandironentrancewelcomesyoutoafoodie’sparadiseofdisplaysthatareimpressivejusttolookat,letalonetaste.BesidesthefantasticlocalSpanishcuisine,youwillfindavarietyoffoodsfromallaroundtheworld.—LasBóvedasisagreatplacetopickupsouvenirs,includinghand-wovenbags,artworkandhand-madeColombianhammocks.Duringoperations,theareaisbuzzing(人聲鼎沸),andvendorscanbeslightlypushytogetyourattentionandasale.However,ifyouareaftersometraditionalandauthenticColombianmerchandise,LasBóvedasistheplacetoshop.21.WhatmakesChatuchakMarketspecial?A.Itsfame.B.Itslocation.C.Itssize.D.Itsservice.22.WhatshouldyoudowhenvisitingsouksofMarrakech?A.Employalocalasyourguide.B.Learntobargainwithvendors.C.buyinggoldhandicrafts.D.Chooseapropertimeoftheday.23.WhatdoLaBoqueriaandLasBóvedashaveincommon?A.Theybothvarietiesofdishes.B.Theybothfeatureaspecifictheme.C.Theybothselltraditionalsouvenirs.D.Theybothlieinthecenterofacity.【答案】21.C22.D23.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了四個(gè)世界上著名的街頭市場(chǎng)。【21題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)部分中“TheChatuchakMarketisclaimedtobethe第7頁(yè)/共27頁(yè)world’slargestweekendmarket,whichmakesithardtonavigatefornewcomers.(恰都恰周末市場(chǎng)被稱為世界上最大的周末市場(chǎng)，這讓新來(lái)的人很難在其中穿梭)”可知，恰都恰周末市場(chǎng)的特別之處在于它的規(guī)模之大。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)部分中“Itcanbehothere,sothebesttimetovisitisinthemorningorforapleasanteveningwalk.()觀馬拉喀什集市時(shí)，應(yīng)該選擇一個(gè)合適的時(shí)間。故選D項(xiàng)。【23題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)部分中“Ifyou’reluckyenoughtofindyourselfinthetypicalSpanishcityofBarcelona,thelocalmarketofLaBoqueriaisamust.Thegrandironentrancewelcomesyoutoafoodie’sparadiseofdisplaysthatareimpressivejusttolookat,letalonetaste.(當(dāng)?shù)氐腖aBoqueria市場(chǎng)是必去之地。宏偉的鐵門入口歡迎你來(lái)到一個(gè)美食愛好者的天堂，這里的展示僅僅看著就令人印象深刻，更不用說品嘗了)”和部分中“LasBóvedasisagreatplacetopickupsouvenirs,includinghand-wovenbags,artworkandhand-madeColombianhammocks.(LasBóvedas是挑選紀(jì)念)”可知，LaBoqueria和LasBóvedasLaBoqueriaLasBóvedas以售賣傳統(tǒng)紀(jì)念品為主題。故選B項(xiàng)。BOneofmyearliestmemoriesisofmyfathersittingmedownatourkitchentablewithcanvases,paints,andbrushes.Hetaughtmehowtoblendcolorsandusevariousmaterialssuchasacrylic(丙烯酸的)paintsandwatercolors.Wheneverwefeltinspired,wewouldsetoutallourmaterialsandpaintwhateverourheartsdesired.MyfathergrewupinasmallvillageintheDominicanRepublic.Despitethescarcityofmaterials,hecreatedartwithwhateverwasathand.Hesavedhismoneytopurchasepaintsandcoloredpencilstosketchonthewallsaroundhishome.Whenhewas15,hearrivedinAmericaaloneandstayedwithhisauntinFloridaforawhilebeforecompletinghighschoolinNewwithanotheraunt.Hestudiedextremelyhardandeventuallyobtainedhiscitizenship.AsIgrewolder,Idevelopedafondnessfordrawingpeople,asIcouldemphasizetheuniquephysicalfeaturesthatmakeeachpersonspecialandbeautiful.However,astimewenton,Ibegantobeoverlycriticalofmyownwork.IworriedthatIcouldnevermatchmyfather’stalent.Mysimple,two-dimensionaldrawingsseemedlacklustercomparedtohisrealisticlandscapes.Ifoundfaultsinallmycreations,soIbecameincreasinglyinsecure.第8頁(yè)/共27頁(yè)Art,whichwasoncemyfavoritething,mademefeelIwasn’tgoodatit.Insteadofstrivingtoimprove,Igaveupandstoppeddrawing.Henoticeditandtoldme,“Mia,youshouldauditionfortheschool.IwishI’dhadanopportunitytostudyartlikethiswhenIwasachild”.Movedbyhisstoryanddetermination,Iworkedonmyportfolioandwasfortunatetogetin.Attendingtheartcollegewasaneye-openingexperience.Iexpandedmyartisticrangebeyondpainting.Ilearnedtoembracemyindividualityandtalent,andbecamemoreopentosharingmyartworksandacceptingconstructivecriticism,therebyboostingmyself-esteemregardingmyart.24.What’sthepurposeoftheauthor’sintroducingherfather’sexperienceinParagraph2?A.provethatartistheonlywaytocombatpoverty.B.illustratetherootsofherfather’sinfluenceonher.C.criticizethelackofeducationalchancesinruralareas.D.contrastherlifewiththedifficultiesherfatherendured.25.Whydidtheauthorstopdrawingforawhile?A.Becausetheauthorthoughtshecouldn’tbeasgoodasherfather.B.Becausetheauthordidn’tlikeartanymore.C.Becausetheauthordidn’thaveenoughartsupplies.D.Becausetheauthorwastoobusywithschoolwork.26.Whatkindofpersonistheauthor’sfather?A.Braveandcarefree.B.Persistentandsupportive.C.Ambitiousbutdependent.D.Creativebutstubborn.27.What’stheauthor’sopinionexpressedinthepassage?A.Artisaboutfollowingestablishedrules.B.guaranteesadmissiontoartprograms.C.Confidencecomesfromacceptingimperfection.D.Progresscanbeachievedthroughtrialanderror.【答案】24.B25.A26.B27.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。本文講述了作者從小在父親的熏陶下學(xué)習(xí)繪畫，但因自感無(wú)法超越父親而一度放棄。后來(lái)在父親的鼓勵(lì)下重拾畫筆，并考入藝術(shù)學(xué)院，通過學(xué)習(xí)更加自信，學(xué)會(huì)接受不完美，藝術(shù)水平也得到了提升?！?4題詳解】第9頁(yè)/共27頁(yè)Despitethescarcityofmaterials,hecreatedartwithwhateverwasathand.Hesavedhismoneytopurchasepaintsandcoloredpencilstosketchonthewallsaroundhishome.Whenhewas15,hearrivedinAmericaaloneandstayedwithhisauntinFloridaforawhilebeforecompletinghighschoolinNewwithanotheraunt.Hestudiedextremelyhardandeventuallyobtainedhiscitizenship.(盡管材料匱乏，他還是用手邊的任何東西創(chuàng)作藝術(shù)。他攢錢買顏料和彩色鉛筆，在家里的墻上畫素描。15歲時(shí)，他獨(dú)自一人來(lái)到美國(guó)，在佛羅里達(dá)的阿姨家住了一段時(shí)間，后來(lái)在紐約和另一個(gè)阿姨一起完成了高中學(xué)業(yè)。他學(xué)習(xí)非常努力，最終獲得了公民身份。)”可知，本段中介紹了父親在資源匱乏的環(huán)境中仍堅(jiān)持創(chuàng)作，這種精神深深B選項(xiàng)“illustratetherootsofherfather’sinfluenceonher.(為了說明父親對(duì)她影響的根源)”符合題意。故選B?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“However,astimewenton,Ibegantobeoverlycriticalofmyownwork.IworriedthatIcouldnevermatchmyfather’stalent.Mysimple,two-dimensionaldrawingsseemedlacklustercomparedtohisrealisticlandscapes.Ifoundfaultsinallmycreations,soIbecameincreasinglyinsecure.Art,whichwasoncemyfavoritething,mademefeelIwasn’tgoodatit.Insteadofstrivingtoimprove,Igaveupandstoppeddrawing.(然而，隨著時(shí)間的推移，我開始對(duì)自己的工作過于挑剔。我擔(dān)心自己永遠(yuǎn)也比不上父親的才華。與他的現(xiàn)實(shí)主義風(fēng)景畫相比，我的簡(jiǎn)單的二維畫顯得平淡無(wú)奇。我發(fā)現(xiàn)我所有的作品都有缺點(diǎn)，所以我變得越來(lái)越?jīng)]有安全感。藝術(shù)，曾經(jīng)是我最喜歡的東西，讓我覺得我不擅長(zhǎng)它。我沒有努力提高，而是放棄了，停止了畫畫。)”可知，作者停止畫畫一段時(shí)間是因?yàn)樗J(rèn)為自己無(wú)法達(dá)到父親的藝術(shù)水平，對(duì)自己的作品過于挑剔，感到越來(lái)越不自信，最終放棄了畫畫。因此，A選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樽髡哒J(rèn)為自己不如父親畫得好”符合題意。故選A?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Despitethescarcityofmaterials,hecreatedartwithwhateverwasathand.Hesavedhismoneytopurchasepaintsandcoloredpencilstosketchonthewallsaroundhishome.Whenhewas15,hearrivedinAmericaaloneandstayedwithhisauntinFloridaforawhilebeforecompletinghighschoolinNewwithanotheraunt.(盡管材料匱乏，他還是用手邊的任何東西創(chuàng)作藝術(shù)。他攢錢買顏料和彩色鉛筆，在家里的墻上畫素描。15歲時(shí)，他獨(dú)自一人來(lái)到美國(guó)，在佛羅里達(dá)的阿姨家住了一段時(shí)間，后來(lái)在紐約和另一個(gè)阿姨一起完成了高中學(xué)業(yè)。)”以及第四段中“Henoticeditandtoldme,“Mia,youshouldauditionfortheschool.IwishI’dhadanopportunitytostudyartlikethiswhenIwasachild”.Movedbyhisstoryanddetermination,Iworkedonmyportfolioandwasfortunatetogetin.(第10頁(yè)/共27頁(yè)集，很幸運(yùn)地被錄取了。)”可知，即使在極其艱苦的情況下，父親依舊完成學(xué)業(yè)；同時(shí)父親鼓勵(lì)作者去試B選項(xiàng)“Persistentandsupportive.(堅(jiān)持不懈且支持孩子的)”符合題意。故選B?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Ilearnedtoembracemyindividualityandtalent,andbecamemoreopentosharingmyartworksandacceptingconstructivecriticism,therebyboostingmyself-esteemregardingmyart.(我學(xué)會(huì)了擁抱自己的個(gè)性和才華，變得更加開放地分享自己的藝術(shù)作品并接受建設(shè)性批評(píng)，從而提高了我在藝術(shù)方面的自尊心。)”可知，作者更加開放地分享自己的藝術(shù)作品并接受建設(shè)性批評(píng)，從而提高了作者在藝術(shù)方面的自尊心，因此作者認(rèn)為接受不完美是建立自信的關(guān)鍵。因此，C選項(xiàng)“Confidencecomesfromacceptingimperfection.(自信來(lái)自于接受不完美)”符合題意。故選C。Cwithnicknameslike“waterbear”,maybethetoughestanimalsonEarth.Theyhavebeenaroundforatleast500millionyearsorso,possiblysharingacommonancestorwitharthropods(節(jié)肢動(dòng)物).Over1,000speciesareknowntoday,includingmarine,freshwater,andterrestrialtardigrades.areneartheedgeofvisibilityformosthumaneyes.Atypicaltardigradeisabout0.5mmlong,andeventhelargestonesarelessthan2mminlength.Perhapsthemostfamousthingabouttardigradesistheirstrangeandmysteriousdurability.arenotimmortal,buttheyhaveapowerfuladaptationthatallowsthemtosurvivefordecadesinextremeconditions.endureenvironmentalstress,tardigradessuspendtheirmetabolism(新陳代謝)throughaprocesscalledcryptobiosis.Sometardigradesinatuncanhandlepressureashighas600megapascals(MPa).That’snearly6,000atmospheres,or6,000timesthepressureofEarth’satmosphereatsealevel,andit’saboutsixtimeshigherthanthepressurefoundintheplanet’sdeepestoceantrenches.Evenhalfasmuchpressure,300MPa,wouldkillmostmulticellularlifeandbacteria.tardigradespeciesflewintolow-EarthorbitontheFOTON-M3missionin2007,becomingthefirstanimalsknowntosurvivedirectexposuretospace.The12-daymissionprovedthatexposuretothevacuumwasnoproblemforthem,andthelackofgravityhadlittleeither.Sometardigradesevenlaideggsduringthemission.Researchhasshowntardigradescansurviveroughly1,000timesmoreradiationthanahuman.Chinesescientistshavedecodedthekeymechanismsthatmaketardigradesradiation-resistant,whichcouldshedlightonhowtomakehumanbeingsstrongeragainstradiationandhowtoincreasethestresstoleranceof第11頁(yè)/共27頁(yè)humancellsinthefuture,accordingtoastudypublishedinthejournalScienceinOctober2024.28.HowdoestheauthorintroducethefeaturesoftardigradesinParagraph1?A.Bymakingcomparisons.B.ByanalyzingcauseandC.Byshowingexamples.D.Bylistingfigures.29.Whycantardigradespossiblysurviveinextremeconditionsaccordingtothispassage?A.Becausetheyareimmortal.B.Becausetheycanchangeextremeconditions.C.Becausetheycanregainlifefromdeathformanytimes.D.Becausetheyslowdowntheirmetabolism.30.Whentardigradesfacepressureorspace,whatisapossiblecondition?A.Theycan’thandlepressuremorethan500Mpa.B.Theycanonlysurviveindirectexposuretospace.C.Theyarealmostnotbythelackofgravity.D.Theywillbekilledbythepressureabout300Mpa.31.WhatistheimportanceofthestudyofChinesescientists?A.Theirfindingscanbeappliedtohelphumanbeings.B.Theyfocusonthereproductionoftardigrades.CTheystudythedietaryhabitsoftardigrades.D.Theyprovedtardigradesradiant-resistant.【答案】28.D29.D30.C31.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹水熊蟲的極端生存能力。它們能夠在地球上一些最極端的條件下生存，可耐受超強(qiáng)輻射、干燥等極端生存環(huán)境。針對(duì)水熊蟲這種神奇的極端生命體抗輻射等機(jī)制的研究，有助于幫助人類更好地研究如何提高人類的抗輻射能力和抗壓能力。【28題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“havebeenaroundforatleast500millionyearsorso,possiblysharingacommonancestorwitharthropods(節(jié)肢動(dòng)物).Over1,000speciesareknowntoday,includingmarine,freshwaterandterrestrialtardigrades.areneartheedgeofvisibilityformosthumaneyes.Atypicaltardigradeisabout0.5mmlong,andeventhelargestonesarelessthan2mminlength.(水熊蟲已經(jīng)存在了至少5億年左右，第12頁(yè)/共27頁(yè)可能與節(jié)肢動(dòng)物有共同的祖先。目前已知的水熊蟲有1000接近大多數(shù)人眼可見的邊緣。典型的水熊蟲體長(zhǎng)約0.5毫米，最大的也不到2毫米)”可知，本段以列數(shù)字的方式介紹了水熊蟲的存在歷史以及水熊蟲的軀體特征。故選D。【29題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“endureenvironmentalstress,tardigradessuspendtheirmetabolism(新陳代謝)throughaprocesscalledcryptobiosis.(為了承受環(huán)境壓力，水熊蟲通過一種被稱為隱生的過程暫停新陳代謝)”可知，水熊蟲可以在極端條件下生存是因?yàn)樗鼈儨p緩了新陳代謝。故選D。【30題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“The12-daymissionprovedthatexposuretothevacuumwasnoproblemforthem,andthelackofgravityhadlittleeither.Sometardigradesevenlaideggsduringthemission.Researchhasshowntardigradescansurviveroughly1,000timesmoreradiationthanahuman.(這次為期12天的任務(wù)證明，暴露在真空中對(duì)它們來(lái)說沒有問題，而且沒有重力也沒有什么影響。一些水熊蟲甚至在任務(wù)期間產(chǎn)卵。研1000倍)的影響。故選C?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Chinesescientistshavedecodedthekeymechanismsthatmaketardigradesradiation-resistant,whichcouldshedlightonhowtomakehumanbeingsstrongeragainstradiationandhowtoincrneasethestresstoleranceofhumancellsinthefuture,accordingtoastudypublishedinthejournalScienceinOctobern2024.(根據(jù)2024年10一項(xiàng)研究，中國(guó)科學(xué)家已經(jīng)破譯了水熊蟲抗輻射的關(guān)鍵機(jī)制，這可能會(huì)揭示如何使人類更強(qiáng)地抵抗輻射，以及如何在未來(lái)提高人體細(xì)胞的耐受力)”可知，中國(guó)科學(xué)家研究的重要性是其發(fā)現(xiàn)可以應(yīng)用于幫助人類。故選A。DRegardlessofwhatlanguagewespeakorwhetherweareblindorsighted,newresearchsuggestsashared,universalnon-verbalcommunicationsystemcomestolifewhenwegesturewithouttalking.Thestudyofchildrenaged3to12yearsoldwasledby?eyda?z?al??kan,apsychologicalscientistatGeorgiaStateUniversityinAtlantaandanativespeakerwhostudieslanguagedevelopmentindifferenttypesoflearnersanddifferentlanguagespeakers.Onehundredchildrenwereaskedfirsttodescribeanactionwithwordsandhandmovementsandthentodescribethesameactionwithoutspeakingusingonlytheirhands(what’sknownassilentgesture).HalfthechildrenwerenativeEnglishspeakers,andtheother50kidsspokeastheirfirstlanguage.Englishand第13頁(yè)/共27頁(yè)makeforagoodcomparisonbecausetheyintermsofhowspeakersofeachlanguagedescribeevents.“Ifyou’respeakingifyouwanttodescribesomeonerunningintoahouse,youhavetobreakitdownintosmallerparts.say,“he’srunningandthenheentersthehouse,”explains?z?al??kan.“Butifit’sinEnglish,they’lljustsay‘heranintothehouse,’allinonecompactsentence.”Whenchildrenspokeandgesturedatthesametime,theirgesturesfollowedtheconventionsoftheirnativelanguage:Turkish-speakingchildrenorderedtheirgesturesthesameastheystructuredasentence,andEnglish-speakingchildrenintegratedtheirsintoonemovement.However,whendescribingthesamesceneswithoutspeaking,thesequencesofthechildren’shandgestureswereremarkablysimilar.Language-specificdifferencesingestureshadseeminglyevaporated.?z?al??kanandcolleaguesalsofoundsimilardescriptionsinearlierworkwithadults:blindEnglishandspeakersorganizedtheirgesturesthesameassightedspeakersdidwhentheyrefrained(克制)fromspeaking.PaststudiesinGermanandEnglish-speakingchildrenhavealsofoundsilentgesturesdon’tnecessarilyfollowthestructureofaperson’snativelanguage.However,thosestudiesdidn’tdirectlycomparedifferentlanguagespeakersasthisnewonedid.Ofcourse,thisresearchinvolvedresearchersinterpretingabstractgesturesfromafewhundred—hardlyenoughdatatosupportsuchabigclaim,butcertainlyaninterestingideatoexplore.32.Whydidtheresearcherschoosetomakeacomparison?A.Duetoitssimilarsentencepatterns.B.Duetoitsdistinctdescriptionhabits.C.Duetoitsimpactonotherlanguages.D.Duetoitsdifferentculturalbackgrounds.33.Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“evaporated”?A.Disappeared.B.Expanded.C.Remained.D.Multiplied.34.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Non-verbalcommunicationisstructureddifferentlyindifferentlanguages.B.abilityinfluencesthestructureofnon-verbalcommunication.C.Non-verbalcommunicationhasuniversalsimilaritieswhensilent.D.Thestudy’sfindingsaredefinitiveduetothelargesamplesize.35.Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?A.summarizetheresearchmethodsadopted.B.questionthereliabilityofthestudy’sfindings.C.emphasizethesignificanceoftheresearch.D.suggestpotentialareasforfutureresearch.【答案】32.B33.A34.C35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說明文。本文主要講述了新的研究表明，當(dāng)人們不說話只用手勢(shì)交流時(shí)，會(huì)出現(xiàn)一種第14頁(yè)/共27頁(yè)享的、普遍的非語(yǔ)言交流系統(tǒng)?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的“Englishandmakeforagoodcomparisonbecausetheyintermsofhowspeakersofeachlanguagedescribeevents.(英語(yǔ)和土耳其語(yǔ)是一個(gè)很好的比較對(duì)象，因?yàn)檫@兩種語(yǔ)言的使用者在描述事件的方式上存在差異)”可知，研究人員選擇土耳其語(yǔ)進(jìn)行對(duì)比是因?yàn)樗诿枋隽?xí)慣上與英語(yǔ)有明顯的不同，這種不同使得比較更加有意義。故選B?！?3題詳解】However,whendescribingthesamesceneswithoutspeaking,thesequencesofthechildren’shandgestureswereremarkablysimilar.Language-specificdifferencesingestureshadseeminglyevaporated.(然而，當(dāng)孩子們?cè)诓徽f話的情況下描述相同的場(chǎng)景時(shí)，他們的手勢(shì)順序卻非常相似。特定語(yǔ)言間的手勢(shì)差異似乎evaporated。)”可知，孩子們?cè)诓徽f話的情況下描述場(chǎng)景時(shí)，他們的手勢(shì)順序非常相似，evaporated”在此處的意思是“消失了”，與A選項(xiàng)“Disappeared.(消失了)”相符。故選A?！?4題詳解】However,whendescribingthesamesceneswithoutspeaking,thesequencesofthechildren’shandgestureswereremarkablysimilar.(序卻非常相似)”以及最后一段中的“PaststudiesinGermanandEnglish-speakingchildrenhavealsofoundsilentgesturesdon’tnecessarilyfollowthestructureofaperson’snativelanguage.(過去對(duì)德語(yǔ)和英語(yǔ)國(guó)家的兒童的研究也發(fā)現(xiàn)，無(wú)聲的手勢(shì)并不一定遵循一個(gè)人的母語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu))”可以推斷出，不說話時(shí)非言語(yǔ)交流具有普遍的相似性。故選C。【35題詳解】Ofcourse,thisresearchinvolvedresearchersinterpretingabstractgesturesfromafewhundred—hardlyenoughdatatosupportsuchabigclaim,butcertainlyaninterestingideatoexplore.(說法，但無(wú)疑是一個(gè)值得探索的有趣想法。)”可知，作者提到這項(xiàng)研究的數(shù)據(jù)并不足以支持其結(jié)論，但這是一個(gè)值得進(jìn)一步探索的領(lǐng)域。因此，最后一段的目的是為未來(lái)的研究提出潛在領(lǐng)域。故選D。第二節(jié)共5小題每題5分，滿分5分)Thecomparisonthieflovestosneakintoourmindswithoutwarningandstealourjoyorpeace.Andwithsocialmediafloodingourlives,it’seasierthanevertofindsomeone“better”tocompareourselvesto.Constantly第15頁(yè)/共27頁(yè)measuringourselvesagainstotherscanbeanexhaustingmindgame.___36___.eitherwalkawayfeelinginadequate(不足的)orgetafalsesenseoffulfillment,believingwearebetterthanothers.Iconstantlystruggledwiththisbattle.So,whatdidIdo?___37___.Ilearnedtheartofseekinginward.Atthestartofeachday,Itoldmyselftoloveandappreciatemyselfandgivemyselfconfidenceinsteadoflookingtootherstodothat.Gettingyourmindsetrightatthebeginningofthedaysetsyouupforasuccessfuldayoflesscomparison.Oneofthebiggestthingsthathelpedmestopcomparingmyselfwasfindin