大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)模擬試卷331

一、作文（本題共7題，每題7.0分，共7分。）

1、Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthe

topic.AwayfromNet-barCampaign.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingthe

outlinegivenbelow:1.新聞媒體披露，徐州某中學(xué)1000多名學(xué)生簽名，莊嚴(yán)承諾

“遠(yuǎn)離網(wǎng)吧”2.分析“遠(yuǎn)離網(wǎng)吧”運(yùn)動(dòng)的原因3.做出對(duì)比和評(píng)論AwayfromNet-bar

Campaign

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：AwayfromNet-barCampaignIthasbeenreportedthatamiddleschoolin

XuzhouCityhasrecentlylaunchedacampaignnamed"AwayfromNet-bar".Morethan

athousandstudentshavesignedfortheirsolemnpromisethattheywillnotspendasingle

minuteinthenet-bars.Withthecomingofthesummervacation,thiscampaignis

especiallymeaningfulforthehealthydevelopmentoftheminors.TheInternethas

broughtpeoplegreatconvenienceingettinginformation,entertainingandcontacting

eachother,andithasalsobenefitedsomebusinessmen,especiallytheownersofnet-bars.

Whileitistruethatmostnet-barsarerunninglegally,itisalsotruethatsomeareoffering

unhealthyprogramsthatinvolveviolenceandsexcontent.Sincemostmiddleschool

studentsarepronetobeinfluencedandtheycanhardlytellwhichbarisdoing,welland

whichoneisnot,itisonlyadvisablethattheyshouldstayawayfromall.Besides,staying

awayfromnet-barsisalsogoodtostudents'physicalhealth.Bypassivelysittingtoolong

infrontofthecomputerscreen,boththeireyesightandphysiquesuffer.Obviously,the

AwayfromNet-barsCampaignisanactivitythatisworthadvocatinganditmeritsother

schools'reference.

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

二、快速閱讀理解（本題共10題，每題1.0分，共10

分。）

CommonFaultsandEyeMovementThereareanumberofbadhabitswhichpoorreaders

adopt.Mostoftheseinvolveusingextrabodymovementinthereadingprocess.In

efficientreading,themusclesoftheeyeshouldmaketheonlyexternalmovement.Of

coursetheremustbevigorousmentalactivity,butextrabodymovements,suchas

pointingwiththefingerormovingthelips,donothelpreadingandoftenslowitdown~

POINTINGATWORDSAfaultthatisoftenseenwhenstudentsaretryingto

concentrateispointingtothewordswithafinger,pencilorruler.Youngchildrenand

verypoorreadersoftenpointwithafingerateachwordinmm.Slightlymoremature

readerssometimesholdapencilorrulerunderneaththelinewhichtheyarereading.

Whilemarkingthelinemightbehelpfulforbeginningreaders,itiscertainlyunnecessary

fornormalreaders.Besidesslowingdownthereaderthrough-themeremechanical

movementofpencil,ruler,orfinger,pointingatlinesorwordstendstocausethestudent

tofocushisattentiononthewrongthing.Theimportantthingtoconcentrateonwhile

readingistheidea.thattheauthoristryingtocommunicate,andnotthelocationofthe

wordsonthepage.Theeyesofanychildoldenoughtolearnhowtoreadarecertainly

skillfulenoughtobeabletofollowalineofprintwithoutextrahelpfromfingersor

rulers.Anothercommonfaultthatiseasilyobservedisheadmovement.Thismostoften

occurswhenstudentsarenervousabouttheirreadingortryinghard,asduringareading

speedtest.Withheadmovementthestudenttriestoaimhisnoseatthewordheisreading

sothatashereadsacrossthelinehisheadturnsslightly.Whenhemakesthereturn

sweeptobeginanewlinehisheadquicklyturnsbacksothathisnoseispointedatthe

left-handmargin,andhecannowbegintoreadthenewlinebyslowlyturninghishead.

Thebeliefthatthisheadmovementaidsreadingispurenonsense.Eyemusclesarequite

capableofshiftingtheeyesfromwordtoword,andtheyneednohelpfromneck

muscles.Oftenstudentsarequiteunawarethattheyaremovingtheirheadswhilereading

andtheyneedtoberemindedbytheteachernottodoit.VOCALIZATIONVocalization

isanotherfault.Somepoorreadersthinkitnecessarytopronouncealoudeachwordasit

isread.Usuallythispronunciationisquitesoft,sothatthestudentismorewhisperingto

himselfthanactuallyreadingaloud,buteventhisisveryundesirable.Thechief

disadvantageofpronouncingwordswhileyoureadthemisthatittendstotiereading

speedtospeakingspeed,andthesilentreadingofmostnormalreadersisnearlytwiceas

fastastheirspeaking.Usuallythisfaultcanbeeliminatedinolderstudentsbytheirown

consciouseffort,possiblywiththeaidofafewremindersfromtheteacher.Vocalization

bybeginningreadersisacommonfault;afterareaderreachessomematurityitbecomes

veryundesirable.Vocalizationtakesvariousmodifiedforms.Sometimesareaderwill

merelymovehislipssoundlessly.Atothertimeshemaymaketongueorthroat

movementswithoutlipmovement.Stirotherreaderswillhaveactivitygoingonintheir

vocalcords,whichcanbedetectedbythestudentifheplaceshisfingersalongsidehis

vocalcordsinthethroatwhileheisreading.Vocalcordvibrationcanbefeltwiththe

fingersquiteeasily.Liketruevocalization,theseminorpartsofHsubvocalization"一lip

movement,tongueorthroatmovementandvocalcordmovement-canbestoppedby

consciouseffortofthestudent.SIJRVOCALIZATIONSuhvocalizationisthemost

difficultofalltypesofvocalization.Insubvocalizationthereisnobodymovement.The

lips,tongueorvocalcordsdonotmove.Butaninnertypeofspeechpersists:withinthe

student'smindheissayingeachwordtohimself,clearlypronouncingeachwordandthen

listeningto.himself,asitwere.Thisfaultisdifficult,'butnotimpossible,tocure.

Probablythemainmasonforsubvocalizationisthenatureofwrittenlanguage.Englishis

writteninanalphabet:asetofsymbolswhichstandforspeech-sounds.Thespeech-

soundsinturnstandforanideaorthought.Sincemoststudentslearntoreadeitherafter

learningtospeakoratthesametime,thereisanaturaltendencytorelatetheprinted

wordtoitsspeech-sound.Buiitisnotnecessarytosayorhearthewordinordertogetits

meaning.Itisquitepossibletolookattheprintedwordandgettheideadirectly.Thisis

whatefficientreadersdo.Thefaultofsubvocalizationisoftencontributedtobyteachers

whoequateallreadinglessonswithreadingaloud.Itis'truethatreadingaloudis

important,butunlessthestudentsaretoberadioannouncers,orfollowsomesimilar

profession,mostofthereadingtheywilldointheirliveswillbesilentreading.Many

adultswithgoodeducationcanreadnovelsandtext-booksandunderstandthemwell,yet

ifaskedtoreadaloudwouldmakeapoorshowing.Studentsshouldpractisegrasping

quicklytheideaspresentedonaprintedpage,andnotreadingaloudwithouterror.

CURINGSUBVOCALIZATIONRememberthattherealpurposeofreadingisto

understandwhattheauthorissaying.Itisquitepossibletodothiswithoutpronouncing

eachword.Infactitisundesirabletopronounceeachv/ordbecauseofthetimeitwastes.

Whenstudentsfirstbecomeawareofthefactthattheyaresubvocalizing,theyoftentryto

stopitbysheerwill-power.Theysimplysaytothemselves"Iwillnotsubvocalize".

Oftenwhenthestudentdoesthisbewillstopunderstanding,whereasbefore,whenhe

wassubvocalizingandsayingeachwordinwardlytohimself,bewasatleasttakinginthe

story.Nowwhenhetriesbywill-powertoshutoffallsubvocalizationbemaynot

understandathing.Asonestudentexpressesit,"thesilencewaskillingme".Ifthis

happensthestudentshouldconcentrateontheotheraspectsofreading,namelyspeedand

comprehension.Ifhemusttalktohimselfwhilereadinglethimsay,"Whatdoesthis

mean?","Idon'tbelievethis","Thispointisnotrelatedtotheparagraph",or"I'llbetthis

willbeaquestiononthecomprehensiontest".Inshort,heshouldtalkaboutthematerial

butnotrepeatthewords.Heshouldbementallyengaginginaconversationwiththe

author,butnotmerelyparrotingwhattheauthorsays.Efficientreadingrequiresanactive

mind,notthemerepassivityofsayingtheauthor'swords.Atthesametimethatthe

readerisurgentlytryingtounderstandwhattheauthorissaying,andtestingoutthe

author'sideasagainsthisownbackgroundofknowledge,heshouldbetryingtospeedup

thereadingprocess.Heshouldkeepinthebackofhismindthatoneofthepurposesof

thisdrillistogethimtoreadfaster,andheshouldattemptineachexercisetoreadalittle

fasterthanhedidintheprecedingone.Ifheisactivelyandforcefullytryingto

comprehendthesubjectmatter,andatthesametimetoincreasehisspeed,hewillhave

littletimeleftforsubvocalization.Sothereisapositivecurefbrsubvocalization.EYE

MOVEMENTWhentheeyesarereadingalineofprinttheymakeaseriesofshortjerky

movementsalongtheline,stoppingaftereveryoneortwowordsforaverybriefpause.

Theeyesdonot,assomepeopleerroneouslybelieve,makeasmoothevenmovement

alongtheline.Eachtimetheeyestopsitseesacertainspanofmaterialandthisspanis

calledthe"spanofrecognition."Thespanofrecognitionfbrmostreadersisalittleover

oneword.Ifthetotalnumberofwordsinaparagraphisdividedbythetotalnumberof

eye-stops,theratiowillbeabout1.25,sowccansaythattheaveragepersonseesabout1

1/4wordspereye-stopor"fixation",aseye-stopsaresometimescalled.Inactualreading

practicethismightmeanthatthestudentmightmakeonefixationonawordofaverage

size,twofixationsonaverylongword,andatothertimesseetwoshortwordsinone

fixation.Sincethelengthofafixationisfairlyconstantforallhumanbeings,beingabout

one-fifthofasecond,thisraisestheinterestingproblemofhowonepersoncanreadtwice

asfastasanother.Ifthefixation-timeisconstant,thentheonlyothervariableisthe

amountofmaterialwhichapersonseesduringafixation.Thisisborneoutbyresearch.

Wheneyemovementsarephotographedandrecordedonamovingstripoffilmitcanbe

shownthatgoodreadersdoactuallyseetwoorthreewordsinafixation,whilepoor

readersseeonewordorlessperfixation.REGRESSIONOnemorereadingfaultthe

studentsmightseewhileobservinganother'readingorbecomeconsciousofintheirown

readingisthemakingof'regressions'1.Aregressionisabackwardmovementalonga

lineofprint.Thismeansthatthestudentisrereadingawordorphrase.Itiseasily

distinguishedfromthereturnsweep,whichisusuallymuchlonger.Sometimesa

regressionwilltaketheformofgoingbackoverawordorphraseseveraltimesbefore

goingontothenextpartoftheline.Inageneralway,regressionsarcasignofpoor;

carling.Ailreadersmakesomeregressions,butgoodreadersmakeveryfew,andhad

readersmakealargenumber.Sometimesaregressionmeansthatthereaderhascome

acrossanewwordorphrasewhichhedoesnotquiteunderstandandwishestoreview.

Makingaregressionforthispurposeisjustifiable.Butpoorreadershaveahabitof

makingregressionsandtendtomakemanymorethantheyneed.Themostcommonfault

amongpoorreadersisthehabitualmakingoftoomanyregressions.Possiblythisbad

habitwasstartedbythestudent'sreadingmaterialnotbeingproperlygradedforhim.

Forcinghimtoreadtoodifficultmaterialhasengenderedthehabitofmakingregressions.

Tocurethishabitthestudentshouldbegivenampleamountsofeasyleading.

2、Whilemarkingthelinemightbehelpfulforbeginningreaders,itiscertainly

necessaryfornormalreaders.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

3、Anothercommonfaultthatiseasilyobserved'isheadmovement.

A、Y

B、N

C>NG

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

4、Subvocalizationisthemostdifficultofalltypesofvocalization.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

5、Teachersalsomakethesamemistakesasstudents.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

6^Oftenstudentsarcquitethattheyarcmovingtheirheadswhilereading.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：unaware

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

7、Thechiefdisadvantageofpronouncingwordswhileyoureadthemisthatittendsto

tiereadingspeedtospeakingspeed,andthesilentreadingofmostnormalreadersis

nearlyasfastastheirspeaking.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：twice

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

8、Thefaultofsubvocalizationisoftencontributedtobywhoequateallreading

lessonswithreadingloud.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：teachers

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

9、Whenstudentsfirstbecomeawareofthefactthattheyaresubvocalizing,theyoften

trytostopitbysheer______.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答藁：will-power

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

10、Aregressionisamovementalongalineofprint.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：backward

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

11、Themostcommonfaultamongpoorreadersistilehabitualmakingoftoomany

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：regressions

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

三、聽(tīng)力短對(duì)話(huà)（本題共8題，每題7.0分，共8分。）

12、

A、At8:00.

B、At10:00.

C、At12:00.

D、At2:00.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

13、

A、Atahotel.

BxAtahospital.

C、Inabank.

D、Ataschool.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

14、

A^Herelaxes.

Hegoesfishing.

C、Hegoestowork.

D、Heworksathome.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

15、

A、Herbackhurtduringthemeeting.

B、Sheagreedthatitwasagoodmeeting.

C^Theproposalshouldbesentback.

D、Hissupportwouldhavehelpedthismorning.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

16、

A、Onabus.

B、Onatrain.

C、Overaphone.

D、Inanelevator.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

17、

A、10.

B、11.

C、12.

D、13.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

18、

A、Onceafewweeks.

B、Everymonth.

C^Seldom.

D、Everysummer.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

19、

A、$4.25.

B、$4.75.

C、$17.00.

D、$8.50.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

四、聽(tīng)力長(zhǎng)對(duì)話(huà)（含3小題）（本題共3題，每題1.0

分,共3分。）

20、

A、Hehasgotapart-timejob.

B、Heisstillonthewaitinglist.

C>Hehasnotyetstartedtolookforajob.

D、Heisplanningtolookforajob.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

21、

A、Becausetheyexpecttoomuchfrompart-timejobs.

B、Becausetheyaretoooptimisticaboutjobmarkets.

C、Becausetheyarelackinginexperience.

D、Becausetheunemploymentfiguresareupagain.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D-

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

22、

A、Lookatthejobsintheclassifiedsinthelocalpaper.

B、SearchontheInternetandsendouthisresumebye-mail.

C^Printouthisresumeandsendittotherelevantcompanies.

D^BothAandC

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

五、聽(tīng)力長(zhǎng)對(duì)話(huà)（含4小題）（本題共4題，每題1.0

分,共4分。）

23、

A、Earthquake.

B>Turbiditycurrents.

C^Erosionandthedepositofsedimentonthedeepseafloor.

D、Wavesorcurrentsthatdeepintheocean.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

24、

A、Ithasdifferentcolor.

B、Ithasairinside.

C、Sedimentgetsstirredupandmixeswithwaler.

D、It'snotmentionedintheconversation.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

25、

A^ItthrowsuptremendousamountsofmudorSand.

B、Ithappensunexpectedly.

C^Theearthquakebreakshousesand'roads.

D、Theearthquakecanchangethedesert.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

26、

A、It'sacomparison,hewantstodescribehowearthquakescauseturbiditycurrents.

B、Hewantstodescribedesertwinds.

C>Hemeansdesertwindscancauseturbiditycurrents.

D、Hejusttalksaboutanothertopic.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

六、聽(tīng)力短文（含3小題）（本題共6題，每題7.0

分，共6分。）

27、

A、Congressionalsecretary.

B、Congressman.

C、Senator.

D、Vicepresident.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

28、

A、Childhoodinhisnativehome,Texas.

B>WorkingascongressionalsecretaryinWashington.

C>VacationingathisranchinTexas.

D^PresidencyintheWhiteHouse.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

29、

A、Helaughedwiththedoginhisarms.

Hepickedupthedogbythetipsofitsears.

C、Hesatinachairwiththedogdanglingbesidehim.

D、Hemadepeoplelaughbykissingthedog'sears.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B'

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

30、

A^Theyhelptocureanxiety.

B、Theyhelppatientstogaininsightintothecauseofanxiety.

C、Theyhelptocontrolanxiety.

D、Theyhelppatientstoworkefficiently.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

31、

A、Theyreduceaperson'sappetite.

B>Theymakeapersonlesspersistentinfaceoftrouble.

C、Theymakeaperson'snervoussystemweak.

D^Theymakeapersonmorevulnerabletodisease.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

32、

A、Prejudiced.

Enthusiastic.

C、Indifferent.

D、Objective.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

七、聽(tīng)力短文（含4小題）（本題共4題，每題7.0

分,共4分。）

33、

A、Aseniorexecutive.

B、Aprofessor.

C、Aplaywright.

D^Ascienceteacher.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

34、

A、lostudywellaccountingandfinance.

Tobegoodatbusinessmanagement.

C^Totakeaphilosophycourse.

D、Tobeequippedwithtechnicalexpertise.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

35、

A、Becauseitstretchesourvisionandchallengesourproblem-solvingability.

B、Becauseithelpstodevelopinsightintotheessenceoflife.

C、Becauseithelpsuslearnhowtothinkinananalyticalway.

D、Alloftheabove.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

36、

A、Agreatancientthinker.

B、Afamousscientist.

C^AnoutstandingGreekplaywright.

D、Awell-knownpsychologist.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

八、聽(tīng)力復(fù)合式聽(tīng)寫(xiě)（本題共〃題，每題7.0分，共

〃分。）

Somepeoplecannotlearninordinaryschools.Oftensomephysicalor[Bl]

handicappreventsachildfromlearning.Ineducationtodaynewmethodsarebeingused

inspecialschoolstohelpthehandicappedlearn.[B2]themanyinteresting

schoolsfbrhandicappedpersons,thereisonewhichisbeing[B3]inthe

southernpartofNewJersey,U.S.A.ItiscalledtheBancroftCommunity.Here

handicappedyoung[B4]willbetrainedtosupportthemselvesandtogetalong

inthe[B5]world.TheBancroftCommunityisnot[B6]bywallsof

anykind.Itsdirector[B7]thatitbeopensothatstudentsmaygradually

develop[B8]relationswiththerestoftheworld.BancroftCommunity

students[B9]Gradually,astheybecomeable,theywillbuytheirown

furniture,payingforitoutoftheirownearnings.Theywillpayrentandpayfortheir

food,too.[BIO].Asastep,towardthegoalofbecomingindependent,each

handicappedpersonwilldecidewhatkindofworkhewantstobetrainedtodo.[Bill

Theywillbetrainedbytownspeopleforwhomtheywillworkwithoutpay.

37、[Bl]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：mental

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

38、[B2]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：Among

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

39、[B31

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：established

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

40、[B4]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：adults

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

41、[B5]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：outside

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

42、[B6]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:surrounded

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

43、[B7]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：insists

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

44、[B8]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：normal

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

45、[B9]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：willliveinapartmentsorinahouse,learningtoperformvarioustasksof

dailylife

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

46、[B10]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：Theywilllearn:you'vegottopayforthephonecallsyoumake

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

47、（Bll]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：Muchofthejobtrainingisdoneoutsidetheschool

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析’

九、閱讀（常規(guī)閱讀理解）（本題共70題，每題7.0

分，共70分。）

Oneoftheoddthingsaboutsomebusinessoranizationsisthattheyspendsomuch

moneytolure（吸弓I）newcustomersandspendsolittletokeepthemafterthey'vebeen

landed.Itjustdoesn'tmakesense.Takingcustomersforgrantedisroutineinsomelarger

organizations,wheremerebignessgeneratesanattitudeofindifference.Loyalcustomers

areanorganization'sonlyprotectionagainstbankruptcy,andlosingthembecauseof

neglectorindifferenceisdownrightsinful（可恥的）.Notonlydosatisfiedcustomers

continuetofattenthetill（錢(qián)袋）,theyoftenencourageotherstobuy.Thisisadvertising

thatdoesn'tcostapenny.Andalthoughtherearealwaysproblemsingivinggoodservice

tocustomers,maintainingtheirpatronage（光顧）isn'tallthatdifficult.It'smatterof

attitude,ofbelievingthateveryonewhobuysfromyouisentitledtothebesttreatment

youcandeliver.Plusgivingjustalittlemorethanyouhaveto.Wesaidtherearealways

problemsingivinggoodservicetocustomers.Thereason,ofcourse,isthatno

organizationisperfect,andthere'smanyaslip:unreasonabledelaysinfillingorders,

shippingthewrongmerchandise,failingtoanswerletterspromptly,andsoon.

Sometimestheseerrorsorfailurescan'tbehelped.Forexample,ifyoucan'tgetparts

becauseofmaterialshortagesoratransportationstrike,customersmaybedeniedthe

goodsthey'veordered.Andnotinfrequentlythecustomeristoblame—forexample.

Failingtoclearlyidentifythearticleorservicerequired.Yetnomatterwhoisatfault

customerswhomyouvaluehighlyshouldgenerallybegiventhebenefitofanydoubt.

Notethatwesaid"customerswhomyouvaluehightly.11Theoldsaw（格言）thatall

customersshouldbetreatedalikeisamyth.Customerswhorepeatedlyplacelargeorders

andpayforthemwillnaturallygetmoreattentionthanthosewhobuyinfrequentlyand

havetobebadgered（糾纏）topaywhattheyowe.However,youhavetomakethe

assumptionthatallcustomersaregoodunlessprovedotherwise.

48Themainideaofthepassageisbestexpressedbywhichofthefollowing?

A、Businessorganizationsshouldnotspendsomuchmoneytoattractnewcustomers.

B、Maintainingcustomers*patronageisthemostimportanttobusinessorganizations.

C>Customersarekings.

D、Organizationsshouldpaymoreattentiontothebenefitoftheircustomers.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：綜合全文內(nèi)容作者以維護(hù)消費(fèi)者利益對(duì)商業(yè)企業(yè)的重要性貫穿全文。

圍繞這條主線(xiàn)分別從企業(yè)和消費(fèi)者兩個(gè)角度對(duì)保障消費(fèi)者利益過(guò)程中遇到問(wèn)題加以

分析。故應(yīng)選B。

49、Whichofthefollowingconclusionscanbedrawnfromthesecondparagraph?

A、Customersshouldalwaysbewellserviced.

B、Withoutloyalcustomersanorganizationmightgobankrupt.

C、Companiescanemploycustomerstoadvertisetheirproducts.

D、Itisdifficultforlargeorganizationstoprovidetheircustomerswithgoodservice.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B-

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：在第二段首句中作者就提出了本段的中心論點(diǎn)：忠實(shí)的顧客群體是防

止企業(yè)破產(chǎn)的唯一保障。隨后從消費(fèi)過(guò)程和推廣過(guò)程中所扮演角色對(duì)此加以證明。

從中我們可以推斷：沒(méi)有忠實(shí)的顧客群，一個(gè)企業(yè)可能破產(chǎn)。

50、Theauthormightprobablydisagreewithwhichofthefollowingstatements?

A、Someerrorsandfailuresareunavoidable.

B、Bothanorganizationandtheircustomerareresponsibleforcertainerror.

C、Anattitudeofindifferencetowardstheircustomersmightresultinaheavylossof

profit.

D、Onlyregularcustomersdeservegoodtreatment.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：相關(guān)內(nèi)容位于第二段末句中，“是一個(gè)態(tài)度問(wèn)題，在于你是否相信每

個(gè)顧客都有權(quán)得到你最優(yōu)質(zhì)的服務(wù)”，結(jié)合最后一段末句“你必須假定所有顧客都是

好的，除非己證明的除外”。

51、Whatdoestheauthorimplyinthesentence"Theoldsawthatallcustomersshould

betreatedalikeisamyth"?

A、It'snotrealthatcustomersshouldbetreatedequal.

B、It'snotturethatallcustomersaretreatedequal.

C>Customersreceivedequaltreatmentinthepast.

D、It'sanoldstorythatcustomersweretreatedequal.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：題干信息位于文章最后一段第3句，結(jié)合下句中作者引用的事例，不

難看出本句隱含意思為：并不是所有的顧客都會(huì)被公平對(duì)待。

52、Theword"identify"inthefourthparagraphisthesameas.

A、notice

BNdistinguish

C、describe

D、recognize

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：相關(guān)內(nèi)容位于第四段末句中，此處為由于顧客原因所引發(fā)的問(wèn)題。此

句話(huà)含義為“沒(méi)有清楚地描述所需商品及所需服務(wù)”，結(jié)合四個(gè)選項(xiàng)含義可知應(yīng)選

Do

ThementalhealthmovementintheUnitedStatesbeganwithaperiodofconsiderable

enlightenment.DorotheaDixwasshockedtofindthementallyillinjailsandalmshouses

andcrusadedfortheestablishmentofasylumsinwhichpeoplecouldreceivehumane

careinhospital-likeenvironmentsandtreatmentwhichmighthelprestorethemtosanity.

Bythemid.1800s,20stateshadestablishedasylums,butduringthelate1800sandearly

1900s,inthefaceofeconomicdepression,legislatureswereunabletoappropriate

sufficientfundsfordecentcare.Asylumsbecameovercrowdedandprison-like.

Additionally,patientsweremoreresistanttotreatmentthanthepioneersinthemental

healthfieldhadanticipated,andsecurityandrestraintwereneededtoprotectpatientsand

others.Mentalinstitutionsbecamefrighteninganddepressingplacesinwhichtherights

ofpatientswereallbutforgotten.TheseconditionscontinueduntilafterWorldWarII.

Atthattime,newtreatmentswerediscoveredforsomemajormentalillnessesconsidered

untrcatable(penicillinforsyphilisofthebrainandinsucredfbrsomem<ijormental

illnessesconsidereduntrcatable(penicillinforsyphilisofthebrainandinsulintreatment

forschizophreniaanddepressions)),andasuccessionofbooks,motionpictures,and

newspaperexposescalledattentiontotheplightofthementallyill.Improvementswere

made,andDr.DavidVail'sHumanePracticesProgramisabeaconfortoday.But

changeswereslowincominguntiltheearly1960s.Atthattime,theCivilRights

MovementledlawyerstoinvestigateAmerica'sprisons,whichweredisproportionately

populatedbyblacks,andtheyinturnfollowedprisonersintotheonlyinstitutionsthat

wereworsethantheprisons—thehospitalsforthecriminallyinsane.Theprisonswere

filledwithangryyoungmenwho,encouragedbylegalsupport,werequicktodemand

theirright.Thehospitalsfbrthecriminallyinsane,bycontrast,werepopulatedwith

peoplewhowereconsidered"crazy"andwhowereoftenkeptobedientlyintheirplace

throughtheuseofseverebodilyrestraintsandlargedosesofmajortranquilizers.The

youngcadreofpublicinterestlawyerslikedtheirroleinthementalhospitals.The

lawyersfoundapupulalioiiihalwasbolhpassiveandeasytochampion.Thesewere,

afterall,peoplewhounlikecriminals,haddonenothingwrong.Andinmanystates,they

werebeingkeptinhorrendousinstitutions,andinjustice,whichonceexposed,wasbound

toshockthepublicand,particularly,thejudicialconscience.Judicialinterventionshave

hadsomedefinitepositiveeffects,butthereisgrowingawarenessthatcourtscannot

providethestandardsandthereviewmechanismsthatassuregoodpatientcare.The

detailsofprovidingday-to-daycaresimplycannotbemandatedbyacourt,soitistimeto

takefromthecourtstheresponsibilityfordelieveryofmentalhealthcareandassurance

ofpatientrightsandreturnittothestatementalhealthadministratorstowhomthe

mandatewasoriginallygiven.Thoughitisadifficulttask,administratorsmustundertake

towriterulesandstandardsandtoprovidethetrainingandpatientrightsarerespected.

53、Themainpurposeofthepassageisto.

A^discusstheinfluenceofDorotheaDixonthementalhealthmovement

B、provideanhistoricalperspectiveonproblemsofmentalhealthcare

C、increasepublicawarenessoftheplightofthementallyiii

D、shockthereaderwithvividdescriptionsofasylums

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：縱觀(guān)全文作者以歷史時(shí)間為序，講述了美國(guó)精神病治療過(guò)程中的一系

列問(wèn)題，與選項(xiàng)B含義相同。

54、Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingcontributedtothedeteriorationof

theasylumsystem?I.Lackoffundstomaintaintheasylums.II.Influxofmore

patientsthanthesystemwasdesignedtohandle.HI.Lackofeffectivetreatmen

A、IIIonly.

B、IandIIonly.

C、IandDIonly.

D、I,II,andDI.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：相關(guān)內(nèi)容位于第一段第3句中對(duì)造成精神病院情況變壞一系列原因的

描述中，其中包括：資金的缺乏，病人拒絕接受治療，病人權(quán)利未得到維護(hù)。故應(yīng)

選擇D。

55、Theauthor'sattitudetowardpeoplewhoarepatientsinstateinst