必修Book2Unit4HistoryandTraditions

B卷?綜合能力提升練

（時(shí)間：90分鐘滿分：120分）

第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

（2022?重慶巴蜀中學(xué)高一期中）TheRiverNilestretchesmorethan4,000milesbetweenLakeVictoriaand

theMediterraneanSea.Outofallthatlength,therelativelyshortsectionbetweenAswanandLuxorinsouthern

Egyptisthemostfascinating.ReadonforthemaintemplestovisitonthejourneydowntheNilebetweenAswan

andLuxor.

PhilaeTemple

ThisgorgeousGreco-EgyptiantempletothegoddessIsisiseasilyreachedbyboatfromAswan.Itwastorn

apartandmovedtoitscurrentislandlocationaspartoftheUNESCOprojecttosaveNubia'sancientmonuments

fromtherisingwatersofLakeNasser.

AbuSimbel

AlthoughifsnotalongtheNilebetweenAswanandLuxor,thisstunningtempleisoftenvisitedasalongday

tripfromAswanbyairplaneorroad.Constructedaround1260BC,thetemplewasalsorescuedfromLakeNasser

bytheUNESCOproject.

EdfuTemple

Oneofbest-preservedtemplesfromancienttimes,theEdfuTempleiswheretheancientsworshipedthegodof

thesky.Overthecenturies,thetemplewasnearlycoveredbysandfromthenearbydesertandinaccessibledueto

theannualfloodingoftheNile,enablingittobepreservedinsuchanoriginalstate.

TempleofKarnak

ThemassiveTempleofKarnakisbothamasterpieceofancientEgyptianarchitectureandoneofthelargest

templeseverconstructedanywhereontheplanet.Itbegstwovisits:oncebydaylighttoappreciatetheengineering

andartisticbeautyoftheGreatHypostyleHallandagainafterdarkwhentheruinscomealiveduringasoundand

lightshow.

1.Whichtemplewillbeabetterchoiceifyouplantogoatnight?

A.AbuSimbel.B.EdfuTemple.C.PhilaeTemple.D.TempleofKarnak.

2.WhatdoPhilaeTempleandAbuSimbelhaveincommon?

A.Theyareusuallyreachedbyboat.B.Theyarebothlocatedonanisland.

C.Theywereonceunderthethreatoffloods.D.Theywereoncepulleddownandreconstructed.

3.WhyisEdfuTemplewellpreserved?

A.Becauseitwasdifficulttospotandreach.

B.Becausetheancientsfearedthepowerofthegod.

C.Becauseitprocessedthebeautifulscenery.

D.BecauseitwasprotectedbytheUNESCOproject.

【答案】1.D2.C3.A

【解析】本文為一篇應(yīng)用文。埃及南部阿斯旺和盧克索之間的尼羅河最迷人，文章介紹了這一段河流附近

的四個(gè)主要神廟。

1.細(xì)節(jié)理角用題。根據(jù)TempleofKarnak的第二句"Itbegstwovisits:oncebydaylighttoappreciatetheengineering

andartisticbeautyoftheGreatHypostyleHallandagainafterdarkwhentheruinscomealiveduringasoundand

lightshow.（它請求兩次訪問：一次是在白天欣賞大柱式大廳的工程和藝術(shù)之美，另一次是在天黑之后，當(dāng)

廢墟在聲光表演中活躍起來時(shí)。）”，如果游客打算晚上去神廟，TempleofKarnak會(huì)是更好的選擇。故選D

項(xiàng)。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)EdfuTemple的"Overthecenturies,thetemplewasnearlycoveredbysandfromthenearby

desertandinaccessibleduetotheannualfloodingoftheNile,enablingittobepreservedinsuchanoriginalstate.

（幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來，這座寺廟幾乎被附近沙漠的沙子所覆蓋，而且由于尼羅河每年的洪水而無法到達(dá)，這使得

它能夠以如此原始的狀態(tài)保存下來可知，尼羅河每年都會(huì)發(fā)洪水。根據(jù)PhilaeTemple的第二句"Itwastom

apartandmovedtoitscurrentislandlocationaspartoftheUNESCOprojecttosaveNubia'sancientmonuments

fromtherisingwatersofLakeNasser.（作為聯(lián)合國教科文組織保護(hù)努比亞古遺跡免受納賽爾湖水位上升影響

的項(xiàng)目的一部分，PhilaeTemple被拆了，并搬到了現(xiàn)在的島嶼位置）”；根據(jù)AbuSimbel的第二句"Constructed

around1260BC,thetemplewasalsorescuedfromLakeNasserbytheUNESCOproject.（該寺廟建于公元前

1260年左右，聯(lián)合國教科文組織的項(xiàng)目也從納賽爾湖中拯救了它）”中的also可知，AbuSimbel也遭遇納賽

爾湖水位上升的問題；因尼羅河每年都會(huì)發(fā)洪水，導(dǎo)致納賽爾湖水位上升，兩個(gè)神廟都曾遭遇過洪水的威

脅。故選C項(xiàng)。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)EdfuTemple的第二句"Overthecenturies,thetemplewasnearlycoveredbysandfromthe

nearbydesertandinaccessibleduetotheannualfloodingoftheNile,enablingittobepreservedinsuchanoriginal

state.（幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來，這座寺廟幾乎被附近沙漠的沙子覆蓋，由于尼羅河每年的洪水泛濫而無法進(jìn)入，使其

能夠以如此原始的狀態(tài)保存下來。戶可知，因?yàn)楸簧衬纳匙痈采w，人們很難發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)神廟，而且每年的洪

水也導(dǎo)致人們很難到達(dá)這里，從而EdfuTemple神廟保存的很好。故選A項(xiàng)。

B

（2022?新疆?沙灣縣第一中學(xué)高一期末）Underwaterexplorershavediscoveredanancientshipwreck（沉船）

intheruinsofalong-lostsunkenEgyptiancityHeracleion,offthecoastofAlexandriainEgypt.Researchershave

provedtheshiptobeover2,000yearsoldamongtheruins.

AlthoughHeracleionwasonceanimportanteconomiccenter,itwasdestroyedbytheforcesofnature,sinking

（下沉）rapidlyinthewater.Theremainsofthecity'shouses,temples,andmarketshavelaintenmetersdeepinthe

AbuQirBay,eastofpresent-dayAlexandria,Asaresult,underwaterexplorersregularlymakeexcitingdiscoveries

there.Amongthem,statuesandstonetabletswithwordsmadeitpossibletofigureoutthecity'sname:Heracleion.

Researchersexplainedthattheshipwas25meterslong.Thediscoveryoftheshipwreckwasfascinating

becauseshipsfromthatperiodinhistorywereveryseldom.Theunderwaterresearchshowedthattheshipwas

struckbyseveralbigstonesfromthenearbytemple,makingtheshipatthebottomofthesea.Dr.MustafaWaziri,

Secretary-GeneraloftheHigherArchaeologyCouncil,saidtheshipwasinthecanal（運(yùn)河）whichflowedalongthe

sideoftheTempleofAmun.Anearthquakestruckthecity,makingthetempledestroyedandtheshipsink.

Whiletheshipwreckdiscoverywasexciting,underwaterexplorersdiscoveredtheremainsofaGreek

cemetery（墓地）datingbacktothe4thcenturyBCduringtheunderwaterexploration.Researchersexplainedthat

thediscoveryshowstheGreektraderslivedinthecity.TheybuilttheirowntemplesnearthetempleofAmun,and

theremainsofbothhavebeenfoundtogetherandingoodconditioninthesunkencitysome7milesoffthecoastof

Egypt.ItisworthnotingthatthecityofHeracleionhadbeenthelargestport-cityinEgyptacrosstheNileDelta,

beforethecityofAlexandriawasfoundedin331BC.Severalearthquakesdestroyedit.

4.WhydidthecityHeracleiondisappear?

A.ItwasdestroyedbytheGreektraders.

B.Itwashitandcoveredbyabigflood.

C.Itwasunimportantandwasdeserted.

D.Itwasruinedandsankintothesea.

5.Whatcausedtheshiptosinkintothesea?

A.Itsownlength.B.Aterribleearthquake.

C.Carryingtoomanystones.D.Thebuildingofatemple.

6.WhatcanbeinferredfromthediscoveryofaGreekcemetery?.

A.TheGreekcemeterywasdestroyed.

B.GreektradersbuiltthetempleofAmun.

C.Heracleionwasprobablyatradecenter.

D.GreekhasalongerhistorythanEgypt.

7.Inwhichsectionofanewspapercanwefindthetext?

A.Environment..B.HistoryC.Sport.D.Education.

【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.B

【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章通過講述Heracleion廢墟中發(fā)現(xiàn)了一艘古代沉船和可追溯到公元前4世紀(jì)

的希臘墓地遺跡的事跡來探索當(dāng)時(shí)一些不為人知的歷史真相。

4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“AlthoughHeracleionwasonceanimportanteconomiccenter,itwasdestroyed

bytheforcesofnature,sinking（下沉）rapidlyinthewater.”（盡管Heracleion曾經(jīng)是一個(gè)重要的經(jīng)濟(jì)中心，但是

它被大自然的力量摧毀了，在水中迅速下沉。）可知，Heracleion被摧毀了，并沉入海底。故選D項(xiàng)。

5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Dr.MustafaWaziri,Secretary-GeneraloftheHigherArchaeologyCouncil,said

theshipwasinthecanal（運(yùn)河）whichflowedalongthesideoftheTempleofAmun.Anearthquakestruckthecity,

makingthetempledestroyedandtheshipsink.”（高級(jí)考古委員會(huì)秘書長MustafaWaziri博士說，這艘船在阿

蒙神廟旁邊的運(yùn)河里。一場地震襲擊了這座城市，神廟被毀，輪船沉沒。）可知，船是因?yàn)榈卣鸲鴮?dǎo)致沉沒

的。故選B項(xiàng)。

6.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“ResearchersexplainedthatthediscoveryshowstheGreektraderslivedinthe

city.”（研究人員解釋說，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)表明希臘商人住在這座城市。）可知這里有商人居??；文章“Itisworthnoting

thatthecityofHeracleionhadbeenthelargestport-cityinEgyptacrosstheNileDelta,beforethecityof

Alexandriawasfoundedin331BC.”（值得注意的是，在公元前331年亞歷山大城建立之前，Heracleion是

埃及最大的港口城市，橫跨尼羅河三角洲。）Heracleion有商人居住，這是一個(gè)信息，它在亞歷山大城建立

之前還是埃及最大的港口城市，港口城市一般交通便利，故推知Heracleion可能是一個(gè)貿(mào)易中心。故選C

項(xiàng)。

7.推理判斷題。通讀本文可知，文章講述的是水下探險(xiǎn)家在埃及亞歷山大海岸外失蹤已久的埃及城市

Heracleion廢墟中發(fā)現(xiàn)了一艘古代沉船和可追溯到公元前4世紀(jì)的希臘墓地遺跡，這些發(fā)現(xiàn)背后都是承載著

一定歷史真相的，故我們可能會(huì)在報(bào)紙的“History”（歷史）板塊中讀到這篇文章。故選B項(xiàng)。

C

（2022?青海西寧?高一期末）TheGizaPyramids（金字塔）,builttolastforever,havedonejustthat.The

tombscoulddatebacktoEgypfsOldKingdomandwereconstructedsome4,500yearsago.Egypt'spharaohs（法

老）expectedtobecomegodsintheafterlife.Toprepareforthenextworldtheybuilttemplestothegodsand

massivepyramidtombsforthemselves,whichwerefilledwithallthethingseachrulerwouldneedtoguideand

supporthimselfinthenextworld.

TheancientwondersatGizaweresoimpressivethateventodayscientistscan'tbesurehowthepyramids

werebuilt.Yettheyhavelearnedmuchaboutthepeoplewhobuiltthem.Thebuilderswereskilled,well-fed

Egyptianworkerswholivedinanearbycity.Archaeological（考古的）digsontheattractivesitehaveshowna

highlyorganizedcommunity,richwithresources.

IfthePyramidshelpedtobuildancientEgypt,theyalsopreservedit.Gizaallowsustoexploreanancient

world.ctManypeoplethinkofthesiteasjustatombinthemodemsense,butit'salotmorethanthat,“saysPeter

DerManuelianwiththeMuseumofFineArts,Boston.a6Inthesedecoratedtombsyouhavewonderfulscenesof

everyaspectoflifeinancientEgypt-soifsnotjustabouthowEgyptiansdiedbuthowtheylived.”

Tombartdisplaysancientfarmersworkingontheirfieldsandfishing.Wordsandtextsalsoallowresearchinto

Egyptiangrammarandlanguage."Almostanysubjectyouwanttostudyaboutthecultureisavailableonthetomb

wallsatGiza,“DerManueliansays.

Tohelpmakethesepreciousresourcesaccessibletoall,DerManuelianheadstheGizaProject,anenormous

collectionofGizaphotographs,plans,drawings,objectrecords,anddiariesthatenablesonlinevisitstothesite.

8.WhydidEgypfspharaohsbuildthepyramids?

A.Tosatisfypersonalneeds.

B.Topayrespectstogods.

C.Toprotecttheculture.

D.Tobenefitlocalpoorpeople.

9.Whatremainsunclearaboutthepyramids?

A.Whobuiltthem.

B.Howtheywerebuilt.

C.Wheretheywere.

D.Whentheywerebuilt.

10.WhatistheGizaProjectintendedfor?

A.Raisingmoneyforthefarmers.

B.Collectingdrawingsandphotosworldwide.

C.Helpingpeopledevelopfishing.

D.Providingonlineaccesstothepyramids.

11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.PyramidsatGiza.

B.Modernpaintingart.

C.Anancientking.

D.AmuseuminEgypt.

【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.A

【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了偉大的Giza金字塔，介紹了其建造的時(shí)間、構(gòu)成、以及存在

的意義等。

8.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Egypt'spharaohs（法老）expectedtobecomegodsintheafterlife.Topreparefor

thenextworldtheybuilttemplestothegodsandmassivepyramidtombsforthemselves,whichwerefilledwithall

thethingseachrulerwouldneedtoguideandsupporthimselfinthenextworld.（埃及的法老期望在死后成為神。

為了為下一個(gè)世界做準(zhǔn)備，他們?yōu)樽约航ㄔ炝松駨R和巨大的金字塔墳?zāi)?，里面裝滿了每個(gè)統(tǒng)治者在另一個(gè)

世界里需要指導(dǎo)和養(yǎng)活自己的所有東西。廠可推斷，古埃及的法老之所以建造金字塔是為了自己死后所需，

故選A。

9.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“TheancientwondersatGizaweresoimpressivethateventodayscientistscan't

besurehowthepyramidswerebuilt.（Giza的古代奇觀令人印象深刻，即使是今天的科學(xué)家也不能確定金字塔

是如何建造的。）”可知，科學(xué)家們至今不知道金字塔是如何建造的。故選B。

10.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段"Tohelpmakethesepreciousresourcesaccessibletoall,DerManuelianheadsthe

GizaProject,anenormouscollectionofGizaphotographs,plans,drawings,objectrecords,anddiariesthatenables

onlinevisitstothesite.（為了幫助所有人都能獲得這些寶貴的資源，DerManuelian領(lǐng)導(dǎo)了“Giza計(jì)劃”，該計(jì)劃

收集了大量的Giza照片、平面圖、圖紙、實(shí)物記錄和日記，使人們能夠在線訪問該網(wǎng)站。）”可知，該計(jì)劃

是為了讓人們能夠從網(wǎng)上獲取Giza金字塔的相關(guān)信息。故選D。

11.主旨大意題。文章第一段提出Giza金字塔的永恒；第二段介紹了Giza金字塔的建造非常復(fù)雜；第三段

和第四段介紹了Giza金字塔讓我們了解了古埃及人們的生活、文化等；最后則介紹了Giza計(jì)劃。所以本文

是圍繞Giza金字塔展開的。故選A。

D

(2022?遼寧丹東?高一期末)TheHongKongPalaceMuseum(HKPM),locatedintheWestKowloon

CulturalDistrictoftheHongKongSpecialAdministrativeRegion,wasestablishedonJune22andisscheduledto

opentothepubliconJuly2.Morethan40,000ticketsweresoldorreservedwithineighthoursonthefirstdayof

publicsale,andallfreevisitsonWednesdaysinJulywerefullybooked.

TheHKPM,notonlyaddstoculturalatmosphereinthecity,butalsoprovidesanewsiteforlocalresidents

andvisitorstolearnaboutthedevelopmentofChinesecivilizationandculture.Morethan900piecesoftreasures

fromthecollectionofthePalaceMuseuminBeijingwillbeputondisplayattheopeningexhibitions.From

paintingstoancientarchitectures,theexhibitsspanthe5,000-yearhistoryofChinesecivilization,coveringall

categoriesofthecollectionofthePalaceMuseum,including166piecesoffirst-classculturalrelicsofthecountry.

Thiswillbethelargestandhighest-levelculturalheritageexhibitionsofthePalaceMuseumoutsideofthe

mainlandsinceitsestablishmentin1925.

Prepareworkfortheexhibitionsbeganin2018,withthePalaceMuseumfieldingateamofleadingexperts

andscholars,associatedwiththemanageteamoftheHKPM.

“ItisagreatthingtodisplaythepiecesofculturalrelicsinHongKong,whichreflectsthecentral

government5ssupporttothedevelopmentofHongKong'sculturalprojects,9,saidNg,addingthattheexhibitsfrom

thePalaceMuseumwillpresentaculturalfeasttoHongKongresidentsbytellingthemaboutthemotherland'slong

historyandsplendidculture.

"PromotingtraditionalChinesecultureisoneofourimportanttasks,“saidBettyFung,chiefexecutiveofficer

ofWestKowloonCulturalDistrictAuthority.ShesaidtheHKPMwillactivelypushaheadwiththepublicityofthe

motherland'scultureandhistoryafteritsopening,enhancingHongKongresidents5culturalconfidenceinthe

country,especiallyamongyouths.

FungsaidthattheHKPMwillactivelyenhancecooperationwithinternationalmuseums,tellingtheworldthe

storiesofChina,includingthestoriesofHongKong.

12.Whatcanweinferfromthefirstparagraph?

A.HongKongcitizenscanvisitthemuseumfreely.

B.HongKongPalaceMuseumiswarmlywelcomed.

C.HongKongcitizenscanenjoytheexhibitioninJune.

D.HongKongPalaceMuseumopenswithineighthoursperday.

13.WhatcanavisitorenjoyinTheHongKongPalaceMuseum?

A.900piecesoffirst-classculturalrelics.

B.ThehistoryofHongKongsince1925.

C.Thedevelopmentofinternationalcivilization.

D.AllcategoriesofthecollectionofthePalaceMuseum.

14.WhatisBettyFung'sattitudetowardsthemuseum?

A.Favorable.B.Disappointed.C.Doubtful.D.Puzzled.

15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.HKPM:HongKong'sCulturalAuthority

B.HKPM:CooperationwithInternationalMuseums

C.HKPM:ANewCulturalLandmarkofHongKong

D.HKPM:ShowcaseofHongKong'sCulturalRelics

【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.C

【解析】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要介紹了香港故宮博物院的成立，它是香港文化歷史上的一件大事，

從此香港有了新的文化地標(biāo)。

12.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的"Morethan40,000ticketsweresoldorreservedwithineighthoursonthefirstday

ofpublicsale,andallfreevisitsonWednesdaysinJulywerefullybooked.^^（公開發(fā)售首日八小時(shí)內(nèi)售出或預(yù)訂

的門票超過4萬張，7月份每個(gè)星期三的所有免費(fèi)參觀門票都被預(yù)訂一空。）可知，香港故宮博物院受到了

游客的熱烈歡迎。故選B項(xiàng)。

13.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Morethan900piecesoftreasuresfromthecollectionofthePalaceMuseumin

Beijingwillbeputondisplayattheopeningexhibitions.Frompaintingstoancientarchitectures,theexhibitsspan

the5,000-yearhistoryofChinesecivilization,coveringallcategoriesofthecollectionofthePalaceMuseum”（北

京故宮博物院收藏的900多件珍品將在開幕展上展出。從繪畫到古建筑，展品跨越5000年中華文明史，涵

蓋故宮博物院藏品的各個(gè)門類。）可知，參觀者在香港故宮博物院可以欣賞到各門類的故宮博物院藏品。故

選D項(xiàng)。

14.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的""PromotingtraditionalChinesecultureisoneofourimportanttasks,said

BettyFung.ShesaidtheHKPMwillactivelypushaheadwiththepublicityofthemotherland'scultureandhistory

afteritsopening,enhancingHongKongresidents9culturalconfidenceinthecountry,especiallyamongyouths.^^

（BettyFung說，“弘揚(yáng)中華傳統(tǒng)文化是我們的重要工作之一”。她表示，香港故宮博物院開門后將積極推動(dòng)

對祖國文化和歷史的宣傳，增強(qiáng)香港居民特別是青年對國家的文化自信。）可知，BettyFung對博物館持贊

成的態(tài)度。故選A項(xiàng)。

15.主旨大意題。通讀全文，根據(jù)第二段的"TheHKPM,notonlyaddstoculturalatmosphereinthecity,butalso

providesanewsiteforlocalresidentsandvisitorstolearnaboutthedevelopmentofChinesecivilizationand

culture.Morethan900piecesoftreasuresfromthecollectionofthePalaceMuseuminBeijingwillbeputon

displayattheopeningexhibitions.Frompaintingstoancientarchitectures,theexhibitsspanthe5,000-yearhistory

ofChinesecivilization,coveringallcategoriesofthecollectionofthePalaceMuseum,including166piecesof

first-classculturalrelicsofthecountry.Thiswillbethelargestandhighest-levelculturalheritageexhibitionsofthe

PalaceMuseumoutsideofthemainlandsinceitsestablishmentin1925.”（香港故宮博物院，不僅增添了城市的

文化氛圍，也為當(dāng)?shù)鼐用窈陀慰吞峁┝艘粋€(gè)了解中華文明和文化發(fā)展的新場所。北京故宮博物院收藏的900

多件珍品將在開幕展上展出。從繪畫到古建筑，展品跨越5000年中華文明史，涵蓋故宮博物院藏品的各個(gè)

門類，其中國家一級(jí)文物166件。這將是故宮博物院自1925年成立以來，在大陸以外規(guī)模最大、層次最高

的文化遺產(chǎn)展覽。）可知，香港故宮博物院的成立是香港文化歷史上的一件大事，為促進(jìn)香港的文化發(fā)展起

到了巨大的促進(jìn)作用，因此C項(xiàng)（香港故宮博物院：香港的新文化地標(biāo)）適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選C項(xiàng)。

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選

項(xiàng)。

（2022?北京東城?高一期末）WalkingUnderLiverpool

Inmostways,theEnglishcityofLiverpoolisnodifferentfromotherlargecities.Itisfullofpeople,

restaurants,museums,andshops.However,Liverpoolstandsoutinoneinterestingway.16Formany

years,thetunnels（地道）werenearlyforgotten.Therewasnoevidencethatthetunnelswerereal.In2001,asmall

groupofcuriouspeopleweredelightedtodiscoverthattheoldalesweretrue.Ahugenetworkoftunnelssnaked

underthecity.

Wenowknowthatthetunnelswerebuiltsometimeintheearly1800s.AmannamedJosephWilliamson

designedthem.17WhydidWilliamsonwantthetunnels?Weretheyeverused?Ifso,forwhat?Wecan

onlyguess.

18Manypeoplewerejoblessatthattime,andWilliamsonwasknowntobekind.Perhapshecame

upwiththetunnelprojectsothathecouldofferpeoplejobs.AnotherguessisthatWilliamsonusedthetunnelsfor

secretbusiness.

StillothersthinkthatWilliamsonbuiltthetunnelsforsafetyreasons.Perhapshewasafraidthatsometypeof

dangerouseventwouldhappen.19

20Williamsondidnottellmanypeoplewhyhebuiltthetunnels.Maybehewrotedownhisreasons

andputthepaperssomewhereinthetunnels.Perhapsthosepaperswillonedaybefound.Fornow,themysteryof

theWilliamsonTunnelsremains.

A.Butthereisalotwestilldon'tknow.

B.Theideasareinteresting,butnooneknowsthetruth.

C.Underthebusystreets,therearemilesofoldtunnels.

D.Somepeoplewhostudythetunnelshavegotnewfindings.

E.OneideaisthatWilliamson,whowasrich,wastryingtohelpothers.

F.Nordoesanyoneknowforsureevenhowmanyofthetunnelsthereare.

G.Thetunnelswouldhaveofferedprotectionforhimselfandhislovedones.

【答案】16.C17.A18.E19.G20.B

【解析】本文是說明文。文章以走在利物浦為題，介紹了英國城市利物浦與眾不同的地方，在于它有許多

地道及其相關(guān)知識(shí)。

16.上文“However,Liverpoolstandsoutinoneinterestingway.（然而,利物浦以一種有趣的方式脫穎而出。）”

可知文章開始引入主題，表明利物浦有與眾不同的地方；下文“Formanyyears,thetunnelswerenearlyforgotten.

（多年來，這些地道幾乎被遺忘。）”可知，利物浦脫穎而出的原因在于這些地道。C項(xiàng)“在繁忙的街道下，有

幾英里長的舊地道?！背猩蠁⑾拢赋鲞@里有很多地道，承接上文，并引起下文詳細(xì)講解這些地道。故選C

項(xiàng)。

17.上文“Wenowknowthatthetunnelswerebuiltsometimeintheearly1800s.（我們現(xiàn)在知道的這些地道是在

19世紀(jì)早期修建的。廣在說明我們目前所了解的地道信息；下文“WhydidWilliamsonwantthetunnels?Were

theyeverused?Ifso,forwhat?（威廉姆森為什么想要建地道?它們曾經(jīng)被使用過嗎?如果被用過，做了什么

呢？）”三個(gè)問句，說明依然還有有關(guān)地道不了解的信息。A項(xiàng)“但還有很多我們還不知道的信息?！迸c上文形

成對照，與下文一致。故選A項(xiàng)。

18.下文“Manypeoplewerejoblessatthattime,andWilliamsonwasknowntobekind.Perhapshecameupwith

thetunnelprojects。thathecouldofferpeoplejobs.（那時(shí)候很多人都失業(yè)了，而威廉姆森是出了名的善良。也

許他提出地道工程是為了給人們提供工作。廣說明威廉姆森建地道的其中一個(gè)原因可能是為了幫助別人。E

項(xiàng)“其中一個(gè)想法是，富有的威廉姆森試圖幫助他人?！敝械膖ohelpothers（幫助他人）與下文一致。故選E項(xiàng)。

19.上文“Perhapshewasafraidthatsometypeofdangerouseventwouldhappen.（也許他是害怕會(huì)發(fā)生什么危險(xiǎn)

的事情。）”說明他建地道或許是出于安全考慮，以保護(hù)自己。G項(xiàng)“地道可以保護(hù)他和他所愛的人。”與上文

一致。故選G項(xiàng)。

20.下文“Williamsondidnottellmanypeoplewhyhebuiltthetunnels.（威廉姆森沒有告訴很多人他建造地道的

原因。）"和"Fornow,themysteryoftheWilliamsonTunnelsremains.（目前，威廉姆斯家族關(guān)于地道的謎團(tuán)仍

然存在。）”說明他建地道的原因依然都是猜測，真正的原因并沒有人知道。B項(xiàng)“這些想法很有趣，但沒有

人知道真相。"nooneknowsthetruth（沒有人知道真實(shí)情況）與下文內(nèi)容一致。故選B項(xiàng)。

第二部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選

項(xiàng)。

（2022?福建?莆田第二十五中學(xué)高一期中）TheBritishIslesconsistoftwolargeislands.Oneiscalled

Irelandand21Britain.Britain,orGreatBritain,isthelargeroneofthesetwoislands,anditis

22intothreeparts:Scotland,WalesandEngland.

TheUnitedKingdomisthatpartoftheBritishIsles23bytheQueen.ItismadeupofScotland,

WalesandEngland,thatis,the24ofBritain,andalsoaboutonesixthofIreland,thenorthernpart.The

25ofIrelandisself-governing.The26nameoftheUnitedKingdomistherefore“TheUnited

KingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland”.

Englandis27andricherthanScotland,WalesandNorthernIreland,andhasthemost28of

theUnitedKingdom,sopeopleoftenusethewords“England"and"English“whenthey29"Britain”and

“British”.ThissometimesmakestheScotsandtheWelshalittle30.TheScotsinparticulararevery

proudoftheirseparatenationality.TheWelshtoodonot31themselvesastheEnglish,andhaveaculture

and32alanguageoftheirown.

IrelandbecamepartoftheUnitedKingdomin1801,butforfortyyearsthe“IrishQuestion“wasthegreatest

headacheoftheUnitedKingdom.33.Irelandwasdividedintotwo:NorthernIrelandstill34to

theUnitedKingdom,andin1922therestofIreland35tofoundanIrishFreeState,latercalledEireand

nowtheRepublicofIreland.

TheRepublicofIrelanddoesnotregarditselfaspartofBritain,andisnotnowevenasupporterofthe

CommonwealthofNations.UnlikethemajorCommonwealthcountries,itdidnotliftafingertohelpBritishinthe

SecondWorldWarandnowwantsthewholeofIrelandtobearepublic.

21.A.theoneB.theotherC.anotherD.other

22.A.dividedB.cutC.brokenD.separated

23.A.watchedoutB.takenupC.defendedagainstD.ruledover

24.A.halfB.partC.mostD.whole

25.A.smallerB.biggerC.restD.island

26.A.correctB.trueC.fullD.last

27.A.meanerB.widerC.poorerD.larger

28.A.collegesB.officialsC.citiesD.population

29.A.sayB.coverC.showD.write

30.A.angryB.cautiousC.enjoyableD.lonely

31.A.respectB.rankC.electD.regard

32.A.everB.evenC.seldomD.never

33.A.FinallyB.HoweverC.MeanwhileD.Instead

34.A.returnsB.belongsC.refersD.adds

35.A.turnedawayB.runawayC.brokeawayD.keptaway

【答案】2LB22.A23.D24.D25.C26.C27.D28.D29.A

30.A31.D32.B33.A34.B35.C

【解析】這是一篇說明文，主要介紹了英國的地理概況、組成部分及歷史淵源等。

21.考查不定代詞詞義辨析。句意:一個(gè)叫愛爾蘭，另一個(gè)叫不列顛。A.theone這個(gè)；B.theothei?另

一個(gè)，兩個(gè)中特指另一個(gè)；其他的，加名詞復(fù)數(shù)；C.another另一個(gè)；D.other其他的，加名詞復(fù)數(shù)。由上

文中的“twolargeislands.OneiscalledIreland”可知，此處為兩個(gè)中的另一個(gè)，故選Bo

22.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：大不列顛是這兩個(gè)島嶼中較大的一個(gè)，它被分為三個(gè)部分：蘇格蘭、威爾

士和英格蘭。A.divided分開；B.cut切割；C.broken破舊的；D.separated分離的。bedividedinto意為

“被分成...“；cutinto意為“打斷，侵犯"；breakinto意為“破門而入”；separate常和from搭配，意為“分離，

分開"。根據(jù)"TheBritishIslesconsistoftwolargeislands.”可知，這是指地理劃分。故選A。

23.考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意：聯(lián)合王國是不列顛群島的一部分，由女王統(tǒng)治。A.watchedout小心提

防;B.takenup拿起,從事;C.defendedagainst防衛(wèi),保衛(wèi);D.ruledover統(tǒng)治，支配。根據(jù)"TheUnitedKingdom^^

就是“theBritishIsles”中被女王統(tǒng)治的那一部分。故選D。

24.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它由蘇格蘭、威爾士和英格蘭，也就是整個(gè)不列顛，以及北部的愛爾蘭的

六分之一組成。A.half半；B.part部分；C.most大部分；D.whole全部。由第一段最后一句可知，Britain

是由Scotland,Wales和England三部分組成，所以說以上三部分就是整個(gè)的Britain。故選D。

25.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：愛爾蘭其余地區(qū)實(shí)行自治。A.smaller更小的；B.bigger更大的；C.rest

其余的；D.island島的。根據(jù)“thatis,the4ofBritain,andalsoaboutonesixthofIreland,the

northernpart.”愛爾蘭分為兩部分，北部為英國統(tǒng)治，其他部分自治。故選C。

26.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，聯(lián)合王國的全稱是“大不列顛及北愛爾蘭聯(lián)合王國”。A.correct正

確的；B.true真的；C.full完全的，全部的；D.last最后的。根據(jù)"TheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainand

NorthernIreland”可知，此處指英國的全稱。ftdlname"全名故選C。

27.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：英格蘭比蘇格蘭、威爾士和北愛爾蘭更大、更富有，是聯(lián)合王國人口最

多的國家，所以人們在說“不列顛”和“英國人”時(shí)，經(jīng)常使用“England”和“English”這兩個(gè)詞。A.meaner更吝

嗇；B.wider更寬的；C.poorer更窮的；D.larger更大的。andricherthanScotland,WalesandNorthern

Ireland”可知，England比其他的地方更大（larger）,更富有。故選D。

28.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：英格蘭比蘇格蘭、威爾士和北愛爾蘭更大、更富有，是聯(lián)合王國人口最多

的國家，所以人們在謝'不列顛”和“英國人”時(shí)，經(jīng)常使用“England”和“English”這兩個(gè)詞。A.colleges大學(xué)；

B.officials官員；C.cities城市；