《編制施工組織設(shè)計和專項施工方案》

CompilationofConstructionOrganizationDesign

andSpecialConstructionPlan單位工程施工組織設(shè)計是以單位工程為主要對象編制的施工組織設(shè)計，對單位工程的施工過程起指導(dǎo)和制約作用。Theconstructionorganizationdesignofunitprojectreferstotheconstructionorganizationdesignpreparedwiththeunitprojectasthemainobject,whichplaysaguidingandrestrictiveroleintheconstructionprocessofunitproject.專項施工方案是以部分（分項）工程或?qū)ｍ椆こ虨橹饕獙ο缶幹频氖┕ぜ夹g(shù)與組織方案，用以具體指導(dǎo)其施工過程。Specialconstructionplanreferstotheconstructiontechnologyandorganizationplanpreparedwithsome(subitem)projectsorspecialprojectsasthemainobject,whichisusedtoguideitsconstructionprocessconcretely.1、編制內(nèi)容1.Compilationcontent根據(jù)工程的結(jié)構(gòu)特點、施工條件、技術(shù)復(fù)雜程度等，施工組織設(shè)計和專項施工方案的內(nèi)容可粗可細，其比較完整的內(nèi)容應(yīng)包括：Accordingtoproject’sstructuralcharacteristics,constructionconditions,andtechnicalcomplexity,etc.,thecontentoftheconstructionorganizationdesignandspecialconstructionschemecanbedetailedornot,anditscomparativecompletecontentshouldinclude:（1）封面：一般應(yīng)含工程名稱、施工組織設(shè)計或?qū)ｍ検┕し桨缸謽?、編制單位、編制時間、編制人、審批人等，還可以在封面上打上企業(yè)標識。Thecover:itshouldgenerallycontaintheprojectname,wordsasconstructionorganizationdesignorspecialconstructionprogram,preparationunit,preparationtime,preparer,approver,etc.,andtheenterpriselogocanalsobetypedonit.（2）目錄：可以讓使用者了解施工組織設(shè)計或?qū)ｍ検┕し桨傅母鹘M成部分，快速而方便的找到所需要的內(nèi)容。Tableofcontents:itallowsuserstounderstandallpartsoftheconstructionorganizationdesignorspecialconstructionplanandfindwhattheyneedquicklyandeasily.（3）編制依據(jù)：主要有工程合同，施工圖紙，技術(shù)圖集，所需要的標準、規(guī)范、規(guī)程等。一般應(yīng)表格化。

Compilationbasis:itmainlyincludesengineeringcontracts,constructiondrawings,technologyatlases,requiredstandards,norms,regulations,etc.It’sgenerallytabulated.（4）工程概況：簡述工程概況和施工特點，內(nèi)容一般包括：工程名稱，工程地址，建設(shè)單位，設(shè)計單位，監(jiān)理單位，質(zhì)量監(jiān)督單位，施工總承包方、主要分包方等基本情況；合同的性質(zhì)、合同的范圍、合同的工期；工程的難點和特點、建筑專業(yè)設(shè)計概況、結(jié)構(gòu)專業(yè)設(shè)計概況、其他專業(yè)設(shè)計概況等；建設(shè)地點的地質(zhì)、水質(zhì)、氣溫、風(fēng)力等；施工技術(shù)和管理水平，水、電、路、場地及四周環(huán)境，材料、構(gòu)件、機械和運輸工具的情況等。Projectoverview:itbrieflydescribestheprojectoverviewandconstructioncharacteristicsandgenerallyincludes:projectname,projectaddress,constructionunit,designunit,supervisionunit,qualitysupervisionunit,GC-Generalcontractor,majorsubcontractorsandotherbasicinformation;thenatureofthecontract,thescopeofthecontract,thedurationofthecontract;thedifficultiesandcharacteristicsoftheproject,overviewofarchitecturalprofessionaldesign,overviewofstructuralprofessionaldesign,overviewofotherprofessionaldesign,etc.;thegeology,waterquality,temperature,andwindoftheconstructionsite;theconstructiontechnologyandmanagementlevel,,thesituationofwater,electricity,roads,site,surroundingenvironment,materials,components,machineryandfacilitiesoftransportation,etc.（5）施工方案：從時間、空間、工藝、資源等方面確定施工順序、施工方法、施工機械和技術(shù)組織措施等內(nèi)容。Constructionplan:itdeterminestheconstructionsequence,constructionmethods,constructionmachineryandtechnicalorganizationmeasuresintermsoftime,space,technologyandresources,etc.（6）施工進度計劃：計算各分項工程的工程量、勞動量和機械臺班量，從而計算工作的持續(xù)時間、班組人數(shù)，編制施工進度計劃。Constructionprogressschedule:itcalculatestheamountofwork,laborandmachineryshiftsforeachsub-project,soastocalculatethedurationofwork,thenumberofpeopleinallshifts,andpreparetheconstructionprogressschedule.（7）施工準備工作及各項資源需要量計劃Constructionpreparationworkandvariousresourcerequirementsplan（8）施工現(xiàn)場平面圖：確定起重運輸機械的布置，攪拌站、倉庫、材料和構(gòu)件堆場、加工場的位置，現(xiàn)場運輸?shù)缆返牟贾?，行政與生活臨時設(shè)施及臨時水電管網(wǎng)的布置等內(nèi)容。Constructionsiteplan:itdeterminesthearrangementofliftingandtransportationmachinery,thelocationofmixingstations,warehouses,materialandcomponentyards,processingyards,andthearrangementofon-sitetransportationroads,aswellasthearrangementofadministrativeandlivingtemporaryfacilitiesandtemporarywaterandelectricitynetworks,etc.（9）主要技術(shù)經(jīng)濟指標：主要包括工期指標，質(zhì)量和文明安全指標，實物量消耗指標，成本指標和投資額指標等。Maintechnicalandeconomicindicators:theymainlyincludeconstructionperiodindicators,qualityandcivilizationsafetyindicators,materialconsumptionindicators,costindicatorsandinvestmentindicators,etc.施工現(xiàn)場管理總體要求Generalrequirementsforconstructionsitemanagement1）文明施工、安全有序、整潔衛(wèi)生、不擾民、不損害公眾利益。Constructioninacivilizedmanner,inasafeandorderlymanner,inacleanandhygienicmanner,withoutdisturbingthepeopleorharmingthepublicinterest.2）現(xiàn)場入口處的醒目位置，公示“五牌”、“二圖”（建設(shè)項目概況牌、安全紀律牌、防火須知牌、安全無重大事故牌、安全生產(chǎn)文明施工牌；施工總平面圖、項目經(jīng)理部組織架構(gòu)及主要管理人員名單圖）。Publicize"fivecards","twomaps"attheeye-catchingpositionofthesiteentrance(includingconstructionprojectoverviewboard,safetydisciplineboard,firepreventionboard,safetywithoutmajoraccidentssign,safetyproductionandcivilizedconstructionboard;overallconstructionsiteplan,theorganizationalstructureofprojectmanagerdepartmentandlistofkeymanagementpersonnel).2、編制步驟2、Compilationprocedures施工組織設(shè)計和專項施工方案的編制步驟：Compilationproceduresofconstructionorganizationdesignandspecialconstructionscheme:（1）熟悉施工圖紙，到施工現(xiàn)場實地勘察，了解現(xiàn)場周圍環(huán)境，搜集施工有關(guān)資料，對工程施工內(nèi)容做到心中有數(shù)。Befamiliarwiththeconstructiondrawings,surveytheconstructionsite,understandthesiteenvironment,andcollectconstruction-relatedinformation,inordertoclearabouttheconstructioncontentoftheproject.（2）跟設(shè)計圖紙計算工程量，分段并分層進行計算，對流水施工的主要工程項目計算到分項工程或工序。Calculatetheengineeringquantityaccordingtothedesigndrawings,andcalculateitinsectionsandlayers,andcalculatethemainengineeringprojectofflowconstructiontosub-projectsorprocesses.（3）擬定工程項目的施工方案，確定所采取的技術(shù)措施，并進行技術(shù)經(jīng)濟比較，從而選擇出最優(yōu)的施工方案。

Formulatetheconstructionschemeoftheproject,determinethetechnicalmeasures,andcarryouttechnicalandeconomiccomparison,soastoselectthebestconstructionscheme.（4）分析并確定施工方案中擬采用的新技術(shù)、新材料和新工藝的措施及方法。

Analyzeanddecidethemeasuresandmethodsofnewtechnologies,newmaterialsandnewprocessesfortheconstructionprogram.（5）編制施工進度計劃，進行多方案比較，選擇最優(yōu)的進度計劃。Compiletheconstructionprogressschedule,andselecttheoptimaloneaftercomparingmultipleoptions.（6）根據(jù)施工進度計劃和實際施工條件編制：Thefollowingcontentshallbepreparedaccordingtotheconstructionprogressscheduleandactualconstructionconditions:1）勞動力需求量計劃；Planfordemandoflabor;2）施工機械、機具及設(shè)備需求量計劃；Planfordemandofconstructionmachinery,implementsandequipment;3）主要材料、構(gòu)件、成品、半成品等的需求量計劃及采購計劃。Planfor

demandandprocurementofmajormaterials,components,finishedproducts,semi-finishedproducts,etc.（7）計算行政辦公、生活和生產(chǎn)等臨時設(shè)施的面積。

Calculatetheareaoftemporaryinfrastructuresuchasadministrativeoffices,residentialzoneandproductionzone.（8）對臨時用水、用電分別進行規(guī)劃，以便滿足施工現(xiàn)場用水及用電需求。

Thetemporarysupplyofwaterandelectricityshallbeplannedrespectivelytomeetthewaterandelectricityneedsonconstructionsite.（9）繪制施工現(xiàn)場平面圖。

DrawingupthePlanofconstructionsite.（10）制定工程施工應(yīng)采取的技術(shù)組織措施，包括保證工期、工程質(zhì)量、降低工程成本、施工安全和防火、文明施工、環(huán)境保護、季節(jié)性施工等技術(shù)組織措施。

Workouttechnicalorganizationalmeasuresforprojectconstruction,includingguaranteeingtheconstructionperiod,projectquality,reducingprojectcost,constructionsafetyandfireprevention,civilizedconstruction,environmentalprotection,seasonalconstruction,etc.一、施工專項方案編制對象和內(nèi)容1.Theobjectsandcontentofspecificconstructionprogram施工單位應(yīng)當(dāng)在危險性較大的分部分項工程施工前編制專項方案；對于超過一定規(guī)模的危險性較大的分部分項工程，施工單位應(yīng)當(dāng)組織專家對專項方案進行論證。Ifthesub-projectisofhighrisk,thecontractorshallcompileaspecificconstructionprogrambeforecommencement.Forasub-projectexceedingacertainscalewithhigherrisk,thecontractorshallassembleexpertstoargueandverifythespecificconstructionprogram.危險性較大的分部分項工程一般范圍Thegeneralrangeofsub-projectswithhighrisk（1）基坑支護、降水工程。(1)Foundationpitsupportingprojects,dewateringprojects開挖深度超過3m（含3m）或雖未超過3m但地質(zhì)條件和周邊環(huán)境復(fù)雜的基坑（槽）支護、降水工程。Foundationpitsupportinganddewateringprojectswithexcavationdepthofmorethan3m(including3m)ornotmorethan3mbutwhosegeologicalconditionsandsurroundingenvironmentiscomplex.（2）土方開挖工程(2)Earthexcavationprojects開挖深度超過3m（含3m）的基坑（槽）的土方開挖工程Earthexcavationprojectsoffoundationpit(trench)withexcavationdepthofmorethan3m(including3m).（3）模板工程及支撐體系(3)Formworkandformworksupportsystem①混凝土模板支撐工程：搭設(shè)高度5m及以上；搭設(shè)跨度10m及以上；施工總荷載10KN/m2及以上；集中線荷載15KN/m2；高度大于支撐水平投影寬度且相對獨立無聯(lián)系構(gòu)件的混凝土模板支撐工程。①Concreteformworksupportingworks:erectionheightof5mandabove;erectionspanof10mandabove;totalconstructionloadof10KN/m2andabove;linearconcentratedloadof15KN/m2;concreteformworksupporting

workswithaheightgreaterthanthehorizontalprojectionwidthofthesupportandbeingindependentwithoutconnectedcomponents.②承重支撐體系：用于鋼結(jié)構(gòu)安裝等滿堂支撐體系。②Load-bearingsupportsystem:usedforsteelstructureinstallationandotherfullframingsupportsystems.（4）其他(4)Others.超過一定規(guī)模的危險性較大的分部分項工程一般范圍Thegeneralrangeofsub-projectsexceedingacertainscalewithhigherrisk（1）深基坑工程(1)Deepfoundationpitprojects1、開挖深度超過5m（含5m）的基坑（槽）的土方開挖、支護、降水工程。1.Earthexcavation,supportinganddewateringworksoffoundationpit(trench)withexcavationdepthofmorethan5m(including5m).2、開挖深度雖未超過5m，但地質(zhì)條件、周圍環(huán)境和地下管線復(fù)雜，或影響毗鄰建筑（構(gòu)筑）物安全的基坑（槽）的土方開挖、支護、降水工程。2.Earthexcavation,supportinganddewateringworksof

foundationpit(trench)withexcavationdepthofnotmorethan5mbutcomplexgeologicalconditions,surroundingenvironmentandundergroundPipelines

oraffectingthesafetyofadjacentbuildings(structures).（2）模板工程及支撐體系(2)Formworkandformworksupportssystem①混凝土模板支撐工程：搭設(shè)高度8m及以上；搭設(shè)跨度18m及以上；施工總荷載15KN/m2及以上；集中線荷載20KN/m2。①Concreteformworksupportingworks:erectionheightof8mandabove;erectionspanof18mandabove;totalconstructionloadof15KN/m2andabove;linearconcentratedloadof20KN/m2.②承重支撐體系：用于鋼結(jié)構(gòu)安裝等滿堂支撐體系，承受單點集中荷載700kg以上。②Load-bearingsupportsystem:usedforfullframingsupportsystemsuchassteelstructureinstallation,bearingsinglepointconcentratedloadof700kgormore.（3）其他(3)Others.危險性較大的分部分項工程專項施工方案應(yīng)當(dāng)由施工單位組織施工技術(shù)、安全、質(zhì)量等專業(yè)技術(shù)人員編制、審核。Thecontractorshallassembletechnicalprofessional