必修二Unit1CulturalHeritage單元培優(yōu)綜合測試卷

第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

（2024·浙江杭州·模擬預(yù)測）Indiaisanancientcivilizationwithrichculturalheritage(遺產(chǎn)),anditscultural

heritageisrelatedtoallmajorreligions(宗教)oftheworld.Herewetakealookatsomeofthetopheritage

destinationsinIndia.

SunTemple,Konark

AsthenamesuggeststhistempleisallaboutthepowerofthesunGod.Ahugechariot(二輪戰(zhàn)車)drawnby

sevenhorsesandtwelvepairsofwheelsshowtheimportancewhichancientpeopleplacedonthepowerofthesun.

Thepicturesofanimalsandhumansgivethisplaceaspeciallook.

ChurchesGoa

GoaistheonlyIndianstatewhichwascontrolledbythePortuguese,sothesceneinGoaisdottedwith(點(diǎn)綴

著)Portuguesestylechurches.SomeofthefamouschurchesincludethechurchofSaintCatherine,churchofSaint

AugustineandchurchofsaintFrancisofAssisi.Thesechurchesshowbeautifulpaintingsandflowerdesign’s

whichmakethemamustvisit.

AjantaandElloraCaves

Thesecavescontainwelldesignedpaintingswhicharewidelyregardedasthemostoutstandingworks

of-Buddhistreligiousart.

TajMahal,Agra

Builton-thebankoftheYamunaRiver,itisanexcellentbuilding.Thewritingandpaintingsontheoutside

structureprovidethefinestexamplesoftheoutstandingstyleofbuildings.

Sanchi

SanchiisaUNESCOworldheritagesitewithnumerousBuddhisttemplesdatingbacktotheseventhand

eighthcenturies.

OnyourvisittoIndia,besuretovisitsomeoftheseheritagedestinations.AnIndianjourneyisnotwonderful

withoutexperiencingthebeautyoftheseheritagedestinations.

1．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A．ThechurchofSaintCatherineistheearliestoneintheworld.

B．ThePortuguesecontrolledthewholeIndiatwocenturiesago.

C．ElloraCavesonlyhavestatuesofanimals.

D．Indianculturalheritagehassomethingtodowithreligions.

2．TheancientIndiansthoughtthat__________wasimportant,

A．a(chǎn)nimalsB．thesun’spowerC．a(chǎn)ncienttemplesD．a(chǎn)ncientcivilization

3．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A．IntroducingseveraltopheritagedestinationsinIndia.

B．ThegreateffectthatIndianreligionhasonculture.

C．Indiaisanancientcivilizationwithrichculturalheritage.

D．Indiaisfamousforitsculturalheritage.

【答案】1．D2．B3．A

【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了印度的五個頂級的文化遺址。

1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“Indiaisanancientcivilizationwithrichculturalheritage(遺產(chǎn)),andits

culturalheritagehassomethingtodowithallmajorreligions(宗教)oftheworld.(印度是一個有著豐富文化遺產(chǎn)

的文明古國，它的文化遺產(chǎn)與世界上所有的主要宗教都有關(guān)系)”可知，印度文化遺產(chǎn)與宗教有關(guān)。故選D

項(xiàng)。

2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SunTemple,Konark部分中“Asthenamesuggeststhistempleisallaboutthepowerofthe

sunGod.Ahugechariot(二輪戰(zhàn)車)drawnbysevenhorsesandtwelvepairsofwheelsshowtheimportance

whichancientpeopleplacedonthepowerofthesun.(這個名字暗示著這座寺廟是關(guān)于太陽神的力量。由7匹馬

和12對輪子拉動的巨大戰(zhàn)車反映了古人對太陽力量的重視)”可知，古印度建造這個寺廟是因?yàn)樗麄冃枰?/p>

拜太陽神，他們認(rèn)為太陽的力量很重要。故選B項(xiàng)。

3．主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Herewetakealookatsomeofthetopheritage

destinationsinIndia.(下面我們來看看印度的一些頂級遺產(chǎn)地)”可知，本文主要講述的是印度的幾個頂級的文

化遺址。故選A項(xiàng)。

B

（2024·黑龍江吉林·模擬預(yù)測）Ittookanillscreechowl(鳴角鸮)toteachascientistthevalueof

up-close-and-personalstudy.

InhisHarvadtalk,CarlSafina,anecologistandauthorofAlfieandMe:WhatOwlsKnow,WhatHumans

Believe,recalledthatthechickwasfounddyinginhisbackyard.Safinatookitinandplannedtonurseitbackto

healthandthenperformrelease.Buttheowlet'sflightfeathersdidn'tgrowproperly.Safinadelayedtherelease.

Overthoseextendedmonths,SafinagottoknowAlfieinwaysthatmovedandchangedhim.

“AnowlfoundmeandthenIwaswatching‘a(chǎn)nowl’,”hesaid.“Itwasnolongeranowlafterawhile,itwas

‘she’becauseshehadahistorywithme.Thislittleowl,whowaswithmemuchlongerthanIthoughtshewouldbe,

becameanindividualtomebythathistoryandallthoseinteractions.”

ThebondwithAlfiestrengthenedtothepointthat,whenshewasfinallyreleased,shecreatedaterritorywith

Safina'shomeatitscenter.Safinawasabletospendhourseachdayobservingherinthewoodsasshelearnedto

takecareofherselfinthewild,mettwomates,andraisedchicksofherown.

WhenheheardAlfiecalling,Safinasaid,he'dcallbackandshe'dlandnearby.Theirclosenessallowedhim

tolearnmorethingsaboutscreechowls.Fieldguides,forexample,describetwoknowncallsbutheidentifiedsix,

someofwhichyouhavetobequiteclosetohear.TherelationshipalsoopenedawindowforSafinaonto

personalitydifferencesbetweenAlfieandhermates.

WhenpointedoutthathisapproachtoAlfie—includingtheactofnamingher—rancountertowidespread

scientificpractice,Safinasaidhewasn'tconcernedaboutviolating(違反)convention,particularlyifsomething

interestinglikeindividualpersonalitydifferencesamongowlscouldbelearned.

TheexperiencecausedSafinatothinkmoredeeplyabouthumankind'srelationshipwithnatureandthekind

ofpersonalconnectionhewasabletofeelwithawildindividual.“WhatIlearnedfromAlfieisthatallsentient(有

情感的)beingsseekafeelingofwell-beingandfreedomofmovement,”Safinasaid.“That'saguidetowhat'sright

andwhat'swrongtome.”

4．WhatdoweknowaboutAlfie?

A．ShedevelopedaclosebondwithSafina.

B．ShewasafictionalcharacterinSafina'sbook.

C．SheintentionallylandedinSafina'sbackyard.

D．Shewasdyingbecauseofthebrokenflightfeathers.

5．WhathappenedafterSafinareleasedAlfie?

A．AlfiechosetostaywithSafinaathishome.

B．Theymaintainedacontinouscommunication.

C．Alfiemetmatesandraisedchicksbyherself.

D．Safinakepthisdistancefromhertopreventattachment.

6．WhatdidSafinaachieveinhisstudy?

A．Recordingsixdifferentcallsofthescreechowl.

B．Identifyingdifferenttypesofowlsbytheircalls.

C．Learninghowtoreleaseowlsbackintothewild.

D．Understandingpersonalitydifferencesamongowls.

7．HowdidSafina'sexperiencewithAlfieimpacthim?

A．Hebecamemorefocusedonexploringnature.

B．Heinitiatedhiscommitmenttowildlifeconservation.

C．Hedevelopedadeepappreciationforthewelfareoflivingcreatures.

D．Hedecidedtoguidereaderstodistinguishbetweenrightandwrong.

【答案】4．A5．B6．D7．C

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了生態(tài)學(xué)家CarlSafina與一只名叫Alfie的鳴角鸮的故事，以及這段

經(jīng)歷對他的影響。

4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Overthoseextendedmonths,SafinagottoknowAlfieinwaysthatmovedand

changedhim.”（在那些漫長的月份里，薩菲納以一種感動并改變他的方式了解了阿爾菲。）根據(jù)第三段“This

littleowl,whowaswithmemuchlongerthanIthoughtshewouldbe,becameanindividualtomebythathistory

andallthoseinteractions.”（這只小貓頭鷹，它和我在一起的時間比我想象的要長得多，通過那段歷史和所有

這些互動，它成為了我的一部分）可知，Safina與Alfie建立了緊密的聯(lián)系。故選A。

5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“WhenheheardAlfiecalling,Safinasaid,he'dcallbackandshe'dlandnearby.”

（當(dāng)他聽到阿爾菲的叫聲時，薩菲納說，他會回應(yīng)，她就會降落在附近。）可知，他們保持了持續(xù)的交流，

故選B。

6．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“TherelationshipalsoopenedawindowforSafinaontopersonalitydifferences

betweenAlfieandhermates.”（這種關(guān)系也為薩菲納打開了一個窗口，讓他看到阿爾菲和她的伴侶之間的性

格差異。）可知，Safina理解了貓頭鷹之間的性格差異，故選D

7．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“WhatIlearnedfromAlfieisthatallsentientbeingsseekafeelingof

well-beingandfreedomofmovement,”Safinasaid.“That'saguidetowhat'srightandwhat'swrongtome.”（我從

阿爾菲那里學(xué)到的是，所有有情感的生物都尋求幸福感和自由的移動，”薩菲納說。“這對我來說是判斷對錯

的指南?！保┛芍琒afina對生物的幸福產(chǎn)生了深深的欣賞，故選C。

C

（2023·四川成都·一模）Oneoftheworld’soldestpreservedhumansettlementshasbeensignificantly

damagedbypouringraininPakistanasthecountrybattlestheworstfloodsinitshistory.

Moenjodaro,aWorldHeritagesiteintheIndusRivervalley508kilometers(316miles)fromKarachi,was

builtintheBronzeAge,some5,000yearsago.“Unfortunatelywewitnessedthemassdestructionatthesite,”reads

aletterfromtheCultural,Tourism&AntiquitiesDepartmentofSinghstatesenttoUNESCOandsignedby

directorIhsanAliAbbasiandarchitectNaveedAhmedSangah.Theletteraddsthesitewasbeingusedastemporary

accommodationforsurroundingresidentswhoseownhomeshadflooded.

Moenjodaro’ssignificancecan’tbeunderestimatedwhenitwasaddedtoUNESCO’sregisterin1980,the

organizationwrotethatMoenjodaro“bearsexceptionalprooftotheInduscivilization,”comprising“themost

ancientplannedcityontheIndiansubcontinent”.

Theletterexplainssomeoftheimmediateactionsthesiteteamhastakentomitigatetheflooddamage,like

bringinginwaterpumpsandrepairingbrickwork.Butit’sclearthatthesemeasureswillnotbeenough.

AbbasiandSangahendedtheirletterbyaskingfor100millionPakistanirupees($45million)tocoverthe

costsoffullrepairs.UNESCOhasrespondedtotherequestforhelp,allocating$350,000fromitsemergencyfund

fordamagedhistoricsitesinPakistanduringUNSecretaryGeneralAntónioGuterres’svisittotheflood-stricken

countrythisweek.

ThefundswillgotoMoenjodaroandothersitesincludingtheAmriMuseum.Whilethesumisfarlessthan

neededtofullyrepairthesites,itwillpayforurgentworkwhileUNESCOandlocalorganizationconsiderthebest

wayforward.Sadly,theconservatorsofMoenjodarohaveknownforsometimethatfloodingcouldbringaserious

risktothesite.

Intheirletter,AbbasiandSangahexpressconcernthatMoenjodarocouldbeaddedtothelistofUNESCO

sitesindanger,whichthepreservationbodyupdatesperiodicallytohighlighthistoricplacesthatareatsevererisk

ofruin.

8．WhatmakesMoenjodarospecialtoPakistan?

A．Thegeographicfeatureitbears.

B．Theroleitplayedinfightingfloods.

C．Themassdestructionitsufferedinhistory.

D．Thevalueitholdsinhistoryandarchitecture.

9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mitigate”inParagraph4probablymean?

A．Reduce.B．Suffer.C．Avoid.D．Assess.

10．Whichbestdescribesthesituationoftherepairworkmadesofar?

A．Creative.B．Worrying.C．Impractical.D．Satisfactory.

11．Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A．Pakistan’sDeadlyFloodsCausingWidespreadDamage

B．MoenjodaroCallingforAttentiontoItsSevereDamage

C．MoenjodaroAddedtotheListofUNESCOSitesinDanger

D．PakistanUNESCOSiteMoenjodaroBadlyDamagedbyFlooding

【答案】8．D9．A10．B11．D

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要報(bào)道了世界上保存最古老的人類住區(qū)之一——巴基斯坦的世界遺

產(chǎn)門佐達(dá)羅在暴雨中遭到嚴(yán)重破壞和拯救方法。

8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Moenjodaro’ssignificancecan’tbeunderestimatedwhenitwasaddedtoUNESCO’s

registerin1980,theorganizationwrotethatMoenjodaro“bearsexceptionalprooftotheInduscivilization,”

comprising“themostancientplannedcityontheIndiansubcontinent”.(1980年，當(dāng)門佐達(dá)羅被列入聯(lián)合國教科

文組織名錄時，它的重要性不容小覷。該組織寫道，門佐達(dá)羅“為印度河文明提供了獨(dú)特的證據(jù)”，是“印度

次大陸上最古老的規(guī)劃城市”)”可知，門佐達(dá)羅在歷史和建筑上的價值使它對巴基斯坦來說很特別。故選D。

9．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Theletterexplainssomeoftheimmediateactionsthesiteteamhastaken(這封

信解釋了現(xiàn)場團(tuán)隊(duì)立即采取的一些行動)”及下文“l(fā)ikebringinginwaterpumpsandrepairingbrickwork.Butit’s

clearthatthesemeasureswillnotbeenough.(比如引進(jìn)水泵和修復(fù)磚墻。但很明顯，這些措施還不夠)”可知，

現(xiàn)場團(tuán)隊(duì)立即采取了一些措施來減輕洪水破壞。由此可知，劃線詞mitigate與reduce“減少，降低”意思接近。

故選A。

10．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Butit’sclearthatthesemeasureswillnotbeenough.(但很明顯，這些措施還

不夠)”及倒數(shù)第二段中的“Whilethesumisfarlessthanneededtofullyrepairthesites,itwillpayforurgent

workwhileUNESCOandlocalorganizationconsiderthebestwayforward.(雖然這筆錢遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)少于完全修復(fù)遺址

所需的錢，但它將支付聯(lián)合國教科文組織和當(dāng)?shù)亟M織考慮最佳前進(jìn)方式的緊急工作)”及最后一段“Intheir

letter,AbbasiandSangahexpressconcernthatMoenjodarocouldbeaddedtothelistofUNESCOsitesindanger,

whichthepreservationbodyupdatesperiodicallytohighlighthistoricplacesthatareatsevereriskofruin.(在他們

的信中，Abbasi和Sangah表達(dá)了對門佐達(dá)羅可能被列入聯(lián)合國教科文組織瀕危遺址名單的擔(dān)憂，該保護(hù)機(jī)

構(gòu)定期更新該名單，以突出那些面臨嚴(yán)重破壞風(fēng)險的歷史遺跡)”可推知，到目前為止，維修工作的情況令人

擔(dān)憂。故選B。

11．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Oneoftheworld’soldestpreservedhumansettlementshasbeensignificantly

damagedbypouringraininPakistanasthecountrybattlestheworstfloodsinitshistory.(巴基斯坦正在與歷史上

最嚴(yán)重的洪水作斗爭，世界上保存最古老的人類住區(qū)之一在暴雨中遭到嚴(yán)重破壞)”及下文介紹可知，文章主

要介紹了世界上保存最古老的人類住區(qū)之一——巴基斯坦的世界遺產(chǎn)門佐達(dá)羅在暴雨中遭到嚴(yán)重破壞和拯

救方法。由此可知，D.PakistanUNESCOSiteMoenjodaroBadlyDamagedbyFlooding(巴基斯坦聯(lián)合國教科

文組織世界遺產(chǎn)地門佐達(dá)羅被洪水嚴(yán)重破壞)適合作本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選D。

D

（2024·浙江紹興·三模）Aboutadecadeago,wearinghanfu,atraditionalstyleofclothingwornbyChina’s

Hanethnicgroup,wasconsideredmoreofahobby,witharelativelysmallnumberofChineseindividuals

participatinginthetrend.Currently,thereisanotableshiftasyoungconsumersinChinaareurgingbrandsto

acknowledgetheirheritageandadapttoittoinfluencethemarket.Thehanfumovementrathersuitsthisrhetoric,

advocatingculturalautonomyinfusedwithatouchofpatriotism.

ManyChineseGenZshavecometorealizethatfashionisnotexclusivetoWesternstyles;theyhavealso

recognizedtheallureandappealoftheirowntraditionalgarments.Culturalconfidencehasplayedasignificantrole

inpopularizingthesetraditionalclothingchoices.

JunBaoyuan,a24-year-oldgraduatefromtheBeijingInstituteofTechnology,saidthatpeoplewhodevelop

aninterestinhanfuwillinturnlearnmoreaboutthetraditionalskillsrootedinChineseculture,includingcloth

weavingandtraditionaljewelryhandicrafts.Shealsonotedthatmanyofherclosefriendstodayhadenteredherlife

asaresultoftheirsharedpassionforhanfu.Junoftensharesherhanfu-cladadventuresonDouyin,whereshehas

gathereda60,000-strongfollowing.

Asherreputationasahigh-flyinghanfumodelgrew,shestartedcollaboratingwithmuseumsinChinaand

participatinginarangeofevents.ButJunalsowarnedthatwiththepopularityofhanfueventsandtherising

numberofenthusiastswhowanttojointhemovement,somemerchantshavefueledunfaircompetitionbyselling

poor-qualityhanfugarmentsathighprices.Thesedays,makingsureyougetyourmoney’sworthrequiresagood

dealofknowledge.

ThehanfumovementisamongthemostsignificantcurrentsinthecontemporaryyoungChinesecultural

narrative.TheyhavebroughtasenseofprideandChineseaestheticstosocialmedia,whereoverseasChinese,too,

canexpresstheirheritage.Psychologicallyandculturally,thehanfumovementisplayingamajorroleinshaping

thenewgenerationofyoungChinese,blendingmodernitywithtradition.Itisnothingshortofremarkabletosee

China’sGenZscomingtogethertoembraceandcelebratetheircustoms.Althoughthefuturepathofthehanfu

movementhasyettounveilitself,it’ssurelyaphenomenonworthmonitoring.TherevivalofChineseculturehas

gainedforceandshowsnosignsofslowingdownanytimesoon.

12．Whatcontributestotherevivalofhanfu?

A．Thebrands’desireformoreprofit.

B．Theexperts’advocacyofpatriotism.

C．Theyouth’srecognitionoftraditionalculture.

D．TheeconomicdevelopmentofHanethnicgroup.

13．WhatdoweknowaboutJun?

A．Sheisexpertinhand-madeproducts.

B．Shegainedpopularityforheradventures.

C．Shecooperatedwithmuseumsforherreputation.

D．Sheexpandedhersocialcirclethankstoherpassion.

14．WhatisJun’sattitudetowardsthecurrenthanfumovement?

A．Disapproval.B．Objective.C．Suspicious.D．Defensive.

15．WhatisthemainideaofParagraph5?

A．Thefutureprospectofthehanfumovement.

B．Thegreatsignificanceofthehanfumovement.

C．Thepotentialriskscomingwiththehanfumovement.

D．TheGenZs’qualityreflectedbythehanfumovement.

【答案】12．C13．D14．B15．B

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了漢服運(yùn)動在中國年輕人中興起的現(xiàn)象及其對文化傳承的重要意

義，強(qiáng)調(diào)了青年一代對傳統(tǒng)文化的認(rèn)同與自豪感。

12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“ManyChineseGenZshavecometorealizethatfashionisnotexclusiveto

Westernstyles;theyhavealsorecognizedtheallureandappealoftheirowntraditionalgarments.(許多中國Z世代

已經(jīng)意識到，時尚并不是西方風(fēng)格的專屬；他們也認(rèn)識到了自己傳統(tǒng)服裝的吸引力和吸引力)”可知，年輕一

代開始意識到傳統(tǒng)服飾的魅力，對傳統(tǒng)文化的認(rèn)可促進(jìn)了漢服的復(fù)興。故選C。

13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Shealsonotedthatmanyofherclosefriendstodayhadenteredherlifeasaresult

oftheirsharedpassionforhanfu.(她還指出，她今天的許多密友都是因?yàn)閷h服的共同熱愛而進(jìn)入她的生活的)”

可知，因?yàn)閷h服的熱愛，Jun的社交圈子得以擴(kuò)大。故選D。

14．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的“Asherreputationasahigh-flyinghanfumodelgrew,shestartedcollaborating

withmuseumsinChinaandparticipatinginarangeofevents.ButJunalsowarnedthatwiththepopularityofhanfu

eventsandtherisingnumberofenthusiastswhowanttojointhemovement,somemerchantshavefueledunfair

competitionbysellingpoor-qualityhanfugarmentsathighprices.(隨著她作為一名出色的漢服模特的名聲越來

越大，她開始與中國的博物館合作，并參加了一系列活動。但Jun也警告說，隨著漢服活動的流行和想加入

這場運(yùn)動的愛好者人數(shù)的增加，一些商家以高價出售劣質(zhì)漢服，加劇了不公平競爭)”可知，Jun既提到漢服

運(yùn)動帶來的正面影響，如與博物館合作參與活動，也提到了存在的問題，如不良商家高價銷售劣質(zhì)漢服，

表明她持有客觀的態(tài)度。故選B。

15．主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Thehanfumovementisamongthemostsignificantcurrentsinthe

contemporaryyoungChineseculturalnarrative.TheyhavebroughtasenseofprideandChineseaestheticstosocial

media,whereoverseasChinese,too,canexpresstheirheritage.(漢服運(yùn)動是當(dāng)代中國青年文化敘事中最重要的

潮流之一。他們?yōu)樯缃幻襟w帶來了自豪感和中國美學(xué)，海外華人也可以在社交媒體上表達(dá)他們的傳統(tǒng))”以及

全段可知，第五段闡述了漢服運(yùn)動在當(dāng)代中國文化敘事中的重要地位，提到它在心理和文化層面對塑造融

合現(xiàn)代與傳統(tǒng)的年輕一代所起的作用，以及對中國Z世代團(tuán)結(jié)起來擁抱和慶祝自己習(xí)俗的現(xiàn)象表示肯定，

整體強(qiáng)調(diào)了漢服運(yùn)動的重大意義。故選B。

第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

（2024·黑龍江吉林·模擬預(yù)測）WhocanimaginelifetodaywithoutanAutomatedTellerMachine(ATM)?

Theyareavailableinconsiderablenumbersthroughouttheworld.

ThefirstATMwasthebrainchildofanenterprisingTurkish-AmericaninventorLutherGeorgeSimjian.

Whentheideaofanautomatedbankingmachinestruckhim,heregistered20patentsbeforeanybankagreedto

giveitatrialrun.Itiseasytoassumethattheinventorofsuchapopularmachinewaslaughingallthewaytothe

bank.16WithinsixmonthsofitsoperationinNewYorkin1939,thedevicewasremovedduetolackof

customeracceptance.

Itwasnotuntil1967,nearly30yearslater,thatBarclaysBank,inacarefullaunch,rolledoutaself-service

machineinLondon,England,whichprovedsuccessful.17Thefirstcashmachinereliedoncustomers’

useofprepaidtokens(代幣)togetenvelopeswithafixedamountofcashinside.

18Thebanks’principlewasseeminglycustomerservice.Butitwouldbefoolishtominimizethe

manyadvantagesthatcashmachinesprovidedtothebanksthemselves.Bythelate1970s,thehighestfixedcostfor

theaveragelargebankwasitsbranches.Thegreatestvariablecostandlosstoprofitswereitsstaff.Bankaccounts

swiftlyrecognizedthatself-serviceoperationscouldreducebankbranchstaffcostby70percent.

ExpertsquicklydeterminedthatpublicacceptanceofATMscountedonconvenience,simplicity,speed,

securityandtrust.19Formaximumefficiency,ATMshadtobelocatednearpublictransportorina

shoppingmall,notatabranch.Thebusierandmorecrowdedthelocation,obviously,thebetter.Now,roughly75

percentofallcashprovidedbybankstotheircustomerscomesfromcashmachines.20.

Publicacceptanceofdeposits(存款)bymachinewassignificantlyslowerthancustomers’usageofATMs

forwithdrawals.Ingeneral,itseemsthatcustomerssometimesstillpreferandtrustanover-the-countertransaction

(交易)fordeposits.

A．Location,inparticular,wasakeyfactor.

B．Hiscashmachine,however,didn’tprovedurable.

C．Thedevicewasrelativelyprimitive,atleastbytoday’sstandards.

D．However,cashmachinesposedsomeinteresting,unansweredquestions.

E．Aninterestingfactorwastheissueofbio-statisticsforcustomeridentification.

F．Devicesoriginallydismissedbythepublicarenowrecognizedasessentialinstitutions.

G．Soonafterwards,manyotherbanksbecameadmittedlychampionsofthecashmachine.

【答案】16．B17．C18．G19．A20．F

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了自動取款機(jī)(ATM)的發(fā)展歷程和其在現(xiàn)代生活中的重要性。

16．根據(jù)上文“Itiseasytoassumethattheinventorofsuchapopularmachinewaslaughingallthewaytothe

bank.(人們很容易認(rèn)為，這樣一臺受歡迎機(jī)器的發(fā)明者一定賺得盆滿缽滿)”和下文“Withinsixmonthsofits

operationinNewYorkin1939,thedevicewasremovedduetolackofcustomeracceptance.(1939年，該設(shè)備在紐

約運(yùn)行了六個月后，由于缺乏客戶接受，該設(shè)備被拆除)”可知，上下文有轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，B項(xiàng)“Hiscashmachine,

however,didn’tprovedurable.(然而，他的取款機(jī)并沒有經(jīng)受住時間的考驗(yàn))”承上啟下，說明設(shè)想和現(xiàn)實(shí)有差

距，引出下文第一臺取款機(jī)的真實(shí)命運(yùn)，上下文語意連貫。故選B項(xiàng)。

17．下文“Thefirstcashmachinereliedoncustomers’useofprepaidtokens(代幣)togetenvelopeswithafixed

amountofcashinside.(第一臺自動取款機(jī)依靠顧客使用預(yù)付代幣來獲得裝有固定數(shù)量現(xiàn)金的信封)”介紹了第

一臺自動取款機(jī)的工作原理：用預(yù)付代幣來換取現(xiàn)金信封，是對C項(xiàng)“Thedevicewasrelativelyprimitive,at

leastbytoday’sstandards.(這個裝置相對來說比較原始，至少以今天的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來看是這樣)”的說明，說明第一臺

自動取款機(jī)比較原始的工作原理，上下文語意連貫。故選C項(xiàng)。

18．下文“Thebanks’principlewasseeminglycustomerservice.Butitwouldbefoolishtominimizethemany

advantagesthatcashmachinesprovidedtothebanksthemselves.Bythelate1970s,thehighestfixedcostforthe

averagelargebankwasitsbranches.Thegreatestvariablecostandlosstoprofitswereitsstaff.Bankaccounts

swiftlyrecognizedthatself-serviceoperationscouldreducebankbranchstaffcostby70percent.(銀行的原則似乎

是客戶服務(wù)。但是，低估自動取款機(jī)給銀行自身帶來的諸多好處是愚蠢的。到20世紀(jì)70年代末，大型銀

行的平均固定成本最高的是其分支機(jī)構(gòu)。最大的可變成本和利潤損失是它的員工。銀行賬戶很快意識到，

自助服務(wù)可以將銀行分行的員工成本降低70%)”說明了自動取款機(jī)給銀行帶來的諸多好處，解釋了G項(xiàng)

“Soonafterwards,manyotherbanksbecameadmittedlychampionsofthecashmachine.(不久之后，許多其他銀行

成為公認(rèn)的自動提款機(jī)的擁護(hù)者)”中描述的這一現(xiàn)象，許多銀行為了獲益開始使用自動提款機(jī)，上下文語意

連貫。故選G項(xiàng)。

19．下文“Formaximumefficiency,ATMshadtobelocatednearpublictransportorinashoppingmall,notata

branch.Thebusierandmorecrowdedthelocation,obviously,thebetter.(為了最大限度地提高效率，自動取款機(jī)

必須設(shè)在公共交通附近或購物中心，而不是在分行。顯然，地點(diǎn)越繁忙、越擁擠越好)”指出自動取款機(jī)需要

設(shè)在公共交通附近或購物中心，是對A項(xiàng)“Location,inparticular,wasakeyfactor.(尤其是地理位置，是一個

關(guān)鍵因素)”的舉例說明，說明地理位置的重要作用。故選A項(xiàng)。

20．上文“Now,roughly75percentofallcashprovidedbybankstotheircustomerscomesfromcashmachines.(現(xiàn)

在，銀行提供給客戶的現(xiàn)金中，大約75%來自自動取款機(jī))”談及自動取款機(jī)的普及和廣泛使用，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Devices

originallydismissedbythepublicarenowrecognizedasessentialinstitutions.(最初被公眾忽視的設(shè)備現(xiàn)在被認(rèn)

為是不可或缺的設(shè)施)”承接上文，總結(jié)自動取款機(jī)命運(yùn)的變化，上下文語意連貫。故選F項(xiàng)。

第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

（2024·安徽合肥·三模）Itwasinthecoldmidwinter,andthehomelesscouplestruggledthroughthenight

snow,seekingshelter.Thefather-to-be21theroadsideforsomeplacewherehisstruggling22

mightrestsafelyforthenight.

ThatDecembernight,GusKiebel,acountywildlifeofficer,wasdrivinghomefromworkwhenhe23

thepairintheflashofhisheadlights.Heparkedhistruckand24theanimals.Gus25outhis

handstothebeagles(比格犬),whichmadenoefforttoescape.Then,heplacedthedogsinhistruck.Gus26

hisphone,tookapictureofthepairandsentittohiswife,KatieKiebelbeforecallingKatie.

“Youcannotputthem27inthesnow,”shesaid.“Bringthemhome.”

TheKiebelspreparedabedforthedogsontheirwarmhome,wherethe28animalslaytogether.

However,alreadyhavingadog,theKiebelscouldn’t29tokeepnewones.Thenextday,Katietookthe

dogstotheshelter—ononecondition.“I’mnot30thedogsovertoyouifyou’regoingtoseparate

them,”shesaid.Theshelterworkerspromisedtokeepthecoupletogether.SoonafterChristmas,thebeagleswere

31—asa32,toalovingfamily.

It’sasimplestory,butitspeakstothe33ofournature.Andwhen34andlovetriumph

overcrueltyandneglect,itcanfeellikethegreatest35ofall.

21．A．lookedB．headedC．searchedD．figured

22．A．companionB．companyC．friendD．effort

23．A．scaredB．a(chǎn)ttractedC．a(chǎn)ppealedD．spotted

24．A．scaredB．a(chǎn)pproachedC．a(chǎn)ttractedD．a(chǎn)ppealed

25．A．putB．laidC．madeD．stretched

26．A．broughtupB．tookoutC．warmedupD．putdown

27．A．downB．upC．backD．a(chǎn)side

28．A．disappointedB．lovelyC．unparalleledD．exhausted

29．A．a(chǎn)ffordB．offendC．intendD．succeed

30．A．turningB．drivingC．signingD．giving

31．A．welcomedB．receivedC．a(chǎn)doptedD．presented

32．A．petB．pairC．familyD．reward

33．A．bottomB．basisC．fundamentalD．best

34．A．kindnessB．curiosityC．generosityD．patience

35．A．a(chǎn)chievementB．miracleC．careerD．job

【答案】21．C22．A23．D24．B25．D26．B27．C28．D29．A30．C

31．C32．B33．D34．A35．B

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講的是在寒冷的冬夜，縣野生動物官員GusKiebel發(fā)現(xiàn)了一對無家可歸

的比格犬，后來他和他的妻子凱蒂為這對狗狗提供了溫暖和庇護(hù)。

21．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這位準(zhǔn)父親在路邊尋找讓他苦苦掙扎的同伴可以安全地過夜的地方。A.looked

看；B.headed朝（某方向）行進(jìn)；C.searched搜索，在（某地）搜尋；D.figured認(rèn)為，估計(jì)。結(jié)合上文“seeking

shelter”可知，他在尋找一個可以休息的地方。故選C。

22．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這位準(zhǔn)父親在路邊尋找讓他苦苦掙扎的同伴可以安全地過夜的地方。A.

companion同伴，伴侶；B.company公司；C.friend朋友；D.effort努力。根據(jù)上文“thehomelesscouple”可

知，這位準(zhǔn)爸爸是給自己的伴侶尋找過夜的地方。故選A。

23．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：那個12月的晚上，縣野生動物官員GusKiebel下班開車回家時，在車燈的

閃爍下發(fā)現(xiàn)了這一對。A.scared使害怕；B.attracted吸引；C