話題19物質(zhì)與非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)主題群三歷史、社會(huì)與文化Ⅰ.閱讀理解(2024·河北名校聯(lián)考三模)Incasualconversations，thereisaseeminglysimplequestionIcanneveranswerwithouthesitating—“Whereareyoufrom？”IcouldsayIamfromThailand，whereIwasborn.OrIamfromMexico，whereIspentthemajorityofmychildhood.OrIamfromtheUS，whoselanguageisrootedintomylife.Inmymind，noneoftheseanswersaresatisfyingenough.Afterall，tobefromsomewherecarriesexpectationsofunderstanding“your”cultureand“your”home.Ifeelenviouswhenevermyfriendssaythey’re“goinghome”forschoolbreaks.Asastudentwhofrequentlymoves，Ihaveneverseenmylivingspaceas“home”，but“shelter”，anotherlocationtostayinbeforeIunavoidablymoveagain.So，doesthismeanIdonothave，andwillneverhave，ahome?Iresignmyselftolivingwiththissenseofsadness，untilveryrecently.Inmydorm，insidemydrawerisaspeciallydesignedwhitebathtowelthatIhavenotusedsinceIbroughtitwithmefrommyparents’house.Oneday，Itookitout，butstoppedaftersmellingthesoft，sweetlaundrydetergent(洗衣粉)，theonemyparentsusedbackinThailand.Ifeltmyeyeswaterasthatrandomsmellbroughtmymixedemotionstothesurface：sadnessandnostalgia，astrongfeelingofmissinghome.IstillavoidusingthattoweluntilnowbecauseIdon’twanttoreplacethesmellofnostalgiawithmynewly－boughtdetergent.Sadly，evenwiththisnewdiscovery，IwillstillstrugglewhenansweringwhereIamfrom，andIwillalwaysfeelasenseoflossinnothavingaphysicalhometo“gobackto”.Yet，inrandommoments，whenasmellcatchesmeoffguard(讓我猝不及防)withthememoriesitbrings，IliketobelievethatthethingsIfeelthenarethingspeoplefeelwhentheyarehome.Andifthesemomentscanmakemesmile，evenwithasenseofloss，whatbetterhomecanIaskfor?【語(yǔ)篇解讀】

本文是記敘文。文章講述了作者是一個(gè)經(jīng)常搬家的人，所以一直以來(lái)對(duì)家的概念很模糊。一次偶然，他拿起一條浴巾，上面的味道使作者想起了過(guò)往，使他突然在某一瞬間產(chǎn)生了“家”的感覺(jué)。1.Whyistheauthorunabletoseehislivingspaceas“home”？A.Hislivingplacesoftenchange.B.Heisunsatisfiedwiththeplace.C.Hisexpectationsof“home”arehigh.D.Hecan’tunderstandtheculturethere.解析

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段末句“Asastudentwhofrequentlymoves...beforeIunavoidablymoveagain.”可知，作者經(jīng)常搬家是他不把住的地方當(dāng)作“家”的主要原因?！?.Whydoestheauthortreasurethattowel?A.Itwasmadeinhishometown.B.Itisapresentfromhisparents.C.Itssmellawakenedhismemories.D.Itsdesignwinshispreference.解析

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“Oneday，Itookitout，butstoppedaftersmellingthesoft，sweetlaundrydetergent(洗衣粉)...astrongfeelingofmissinghome.”可知，浴巾上面的味道使作者想起了過(guò)往?！?.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoconveyinthelastparagraph?A.Henolongerfeelsasenseofloss.B.Hefeelsaphysicalhomeisunnecessary.C.Hehasgottheanswerto“Whereareyoufrom？”.D.Hehasfoundasenseofhomeinsomemoments.解析

寫(xiě)作意圖題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Yet，inrandommoments，whenasmellcatchesmeoffguard(讓我猝不及防)withthememoriesitbrings...whentheyarehome.”可知，現(xiàn)在在某些瞬間，熟悉的味道使作者找到了“家”的感覺(jué)?！?.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A.AMan’sHomeIsHisCastle B.ThereIsNoPlacelikeHomeC.TheSmellBringsMeHome D.TheEmotionConnectsMewithHome解析

標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文，尤其是最后一段的“Yet，inrandommoments...thingspeoplefeelwhentheyarehome.”可知，作者是一個(gè)經(jīng)常搬家的人，所以一直以來(lái)對(duì)家的概念很模糊。一次偶然的機(jī)會(huì)，作者拿起一條浴巾，上面的味道使作者想起了過(guò)往，使他突然在某一瞬間產(chǎn)生了“家”的感覺(jué)。由此可知，TheSmellBringsMeHome(氣味把我?guī)Щ丶?適合作本文的最佳標(biāo)題。√(2024·廣東廣州六中三模)Historyiswritten，read，told—butrarelyeverisitsmelled.HistoriansandscientistsacrossEuropehavenowgottentogetherwithperfumers(調(diào)香師)andmuseumsforauniqueproject：torevealwhatEuropesmelledlikebetweenthe16thandearly20thcenturies.AEuropeanstreettodaymaysmelllikecoffee，fresh－bakedbreadandcigarettes.Butwhatdiditsmelllikehundredsofyearsago?Aspartofthisthree－year－longprojectcalled“Odeuropa”，theresearcherswanttofindalltheoldscents(氣味)ofEurope—andevenrecreatesomeofthisancientsmellscape：fromthedrytobaccoscentstothesmellycanals.Todothis，theywillfirstbuildartificialintelligence(AI)thatwillbetrainedtogothroughhistoricaltexts，writteninsevendifferentlanguages，foranydescriptionsofscents.TheAIwillalsobetrainedtodetectimagesofobjectsinthetextsthatmightbescented.Theteamwillthenusethisinformationtocreateanonlineencyclopedia(百科全書(shū))ofsmellsfromEurope’spast.Theencyclopediawillincludethemeaningofcertainscentsandwilltracethestoriesbehindscents，placesandrelatedpractices，accordingtoprojectleaderAngelaLee.“ThisdatabasewillbecomealibraryforthesmellheritageofEurope，enablingfuturegenerationstoaccessandlearnaboutthescentedpast.”Theencyclopediawillalsoincludedescriptionsofpeopleforwhomsmellwasimportant.Theresearcherswillthenworkwithchemistsandperfumemakerstorecreatepastsmellsandfigureouthowtodisplaythesmellsinmuseumsandotherhistoricalsites.Withcurrenttechnology，almosteveryscentcanbeproduced.“Themoredifficultpartoftheprojectwillbetofinddescriptionsofscents，becausepeoplehaven’talwaystalkedorwrittenaboutthem，”Leesaid.Scentplaysacentralroleinoureverydaylife，evenactingasapowerfultimemachineintoourownpastwithitsabilitytoactivatelong－forgottenmemories.Butit’salsoakeytoolintellingthestoriesofothers.“Scentgivesusaccesstothepastinamuchmoredirectandemotionalwaythanlanguageandimages，”Leesaid.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】

本文是說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了Odeuropa項(xiàng)目將歷史學(xué)家、科學(xué)家和調(diào)香師聯(lián)合起來(lái)，重塑歐洲的歷史氣味，保護(hù)嗅覺(jué)遺產(chǎn)。5.Whydidtheresearchersstartthe“Odeuropa”project?A.TorebuildahistoricalEuropeanstreet.B.Tomakeperfumesoftraditionalscents.C.TofindandrecreatethesmellsofEurope.D.ToreproducethescentedpastofEurope.解析

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Aspartofthisthree－year－longprojectcalled‘Odeuropa’...andevenrecreatesomeofthisancientsmellscape”可知，研究人員啟動(dòng)

“Odeuropa”項(xiàng)目是為了找到歐洲所有古老的氣味，甚至重現(xiàn)一些古老的氣味?！?.WhatwilltheAIdointheproject?A.Collectsmell－relateddata.B.Writeinterestingstoriesbehindsmells.C.Detectobjectsbysmell.D.Describesmellsindifferentlanguages.解析

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Todothis，theywillfirstbuildartificialintelligence(AI)...foranydescriptionsofscents.”可知，人工智能在項(xiàng)目中會(huì)收集與氣味有關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)?！?.Whichofthefollowingisthebiggestchallengetheprojectfaces?A.Scentsofthepastarehardtokeep.B.Recordsofscentsarerarelyfound.C.Technologytoreproducescentsispoor.D.Displayofsmellsinmuseumscostsalot.解析

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Themoredifficultpartoftheproject...becausepeoplehaven’talwaystalkedorwrittenaboutthem”可推知，該項(xiàng)目面臨的最大挑戰(zhàn)是有關(guān)氣味的記錄很少被找到?！?.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theapplicationofpastscents.B.Theeffectofscentsonmemory.C.Theroleofscentinstory－telling.D.Thevalueofunderstandingscent.解析

段落大意題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“Scentplaysacentralroleinoureverydaylife...withitsabilitytoactivatelong－forgottenmemories.”可知，最后一段主要講的是氣味對(duì)記憶的影響?！?2024·遼寧省部分學(xué)校高三二模)AhamburgerdeliverydriverinNewJerseyreceivedsomethingmorespecialthanany1thisweek.JohnSmithwasdeliveringhamburgerstothehomeofRachelGreenonSundaynightwhenRachel’slittledaughterranuptohimandgavehimabig2.Rachel，whocaughtthemomentonthedoorbellcamera，said，“I3itontheInternet.Infact，Ijustdiditbecausewethoughtitwas4.”WhatRacheldidn’tknowatthetimewaswhatthatmomentwould5toSmith.Ⅱ.完形填空Smith’s16－year－olddaughter，wholivedinCaliforniawithhisex－wife，recently6away.Shehadstruggledwithmentalproblems.“After7mydaughterthispastweek，itjusttouchedmebecauseitwaslikeshewasthere，anditjustmeanta8tome，”hesaid.Hisex－wife，Michele，saidshewas9ofthefactthatsomeonesawhispainandcouldbethereforhim.“It’sso10toignoresuchpeopleandtheirinternalpain，”shesaid.“Thatevengoestoourdaughter.Wedidn’tknowher11.”The12ofhishugwiththe2－year－oldmadeitswaytoSmith，andhe13totellRachelhowmuchitmeant.“ItisreallytoughtoacceptthatI’mnotgoingtobeabletohugheragain，”SmithsaidtoRachel.Thehugmayhavelastedonlyafew14，butit’samomentSmithwillholdontoalways.“This15meanssomething，andmakesmethink，‘Wow，maybeshe’sthere，’”hesaid.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】

本文是記敘文。文章講述了一個(gè)叫約翰·史密斯的外賣(mài)司機(jī)，在給雷切爾送漢堡包的時(shí)候，雷切爾的小女兒擁抱了他。這個(gè)小小的舉動(dòng)觸動(dòng)了史密斯和他的前妻，因?yàn)樗麄兊呐畠簞倓側(cè)ナ?，這個(gè)小小的擁抱讓他們感到他們的女兒那時(shí)那刻還在那里。1.A.tip B.fortune C.luck D.pleasure

解析

根據(jù)上文“AhamburgerdeliverydriverinNewJersey”可知，漢堡包外賣(mài)司機(jī)送外賣(mài)可能會(huì)收到小費(fèi)。2.A.surprise B.kiss C.gift D.hug

解析

根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“The

ofhishugwiththe2－year－oldmadeitswaytoSmith”可知，雷切爾的小女兒跑過(guò)來(lái)給了史密斯一個(gè)大大的擁抱。√√3.A.focused B.captured C.posted D.recorded

解析

根據(jù)“ontheInternet.”可知，雷切爾把這段視頻發(fā)布到網(wǎng)上。4.A.thrilling B.interesting C.formal D.average

解析

根據(jù)“Infact，Ijustdiditbecausewethoughtitwas

.”可知，雷切爾把這段視頻發(fā)布到網(wǎng)上只是覺(jué)得這很有趣?！獭?.A.explain B.respond C.mean D.show

解析

根據(jù)下段“anditjustmeanta

tome，”可知，這段視頻對(duì)史密斯來(lái)說(shuō)意味著很多。6.A.passed B.died C.faded D.put

解析

根據(jù)下文“After

mydaughterthispastweek，itjusttouchedmebecauseitwaslikeshewasthere”及下文可知，史密斯的女兒剛剛?cè)ナ懒?，passaway固定搭配，意為“去世”?！獭?.A.saving B.treating C.handling D.losing

解析

根據(jù)上文“Smith’s16－year－olddaughter，wholivedinCaliforniawithhisex－wife，recently

away.”可知，史密斯的女兒剛剛?cè)ナ懒?，所以他失去了女兒?.A.ton B.promise C.mission D.dollar

解析

比喻意義重大的詞只有ton，“Itjustmeantatontome”意為“這對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)意義重大”。根據(jù)“itjusttouchedmebecauseitwaslikeshewasthere”可知，女兒對(duì)史密斯來(lái)說(shuō)意義重大。√√9.A.blessed B.guilty C.frustrated D.appreciative

解析

根據(jù)“thefactthatsomeonesawhispainandcouldbethereforhim”可知,有人看到了他的痛苦，對(duì)于米歇爾來(lái)說(shuō)，她應(yīng)該是很感激的。blessed有福的；guilty感到內(nèi)疚的，有罪責(zé)的；frustrated沮喪；懊惱；appreciative欣賞的；感激的。10.A.difficult B.easy C.demanding D.shameful

解析

根據(jù)“ignoresuchpeopleandtheirinternalpain”可知，我們很容易忽略失去親人的人和他們內(nèi)心的痛苦?！獭?1.A.disease B.strength C.joy D.pain

解析

根據(jù)上文“Hisex－wife，Michele，saidshewas

ofthefactthatsomeonesawhispainandcouldbethereforhim.”可知，作為父母也不知道女兒的痛苦。12.A.film B.video C.tape D.camera

解析

根據(jù)上文“Rachel，whocaughtthemomentonthedoorbellcamera”可知，這里指通過(guò)門(mén)鈴攝像頭拍下的視頻?！獭?3.A.reachedout B.brokein C.madeup D.setout

解析

reachout提供援助；breakin闖入；makeup編造；setout出發(fā)。根據(jù)“The

_ofhishugwiththe2－year－oldmadeitswaytoSmith，”可知，看到視頻后，史密斯聯(lián)系了發(fā)視頻的雷切爾。14.A.moments B.hours C.minutes D.seconds

解析

根據(jù)上文“Thehugmayhavelasted”和常識(shí)可知，擁抱只持續(xù)了短短的幾秒鐘?！獭?5.A.struggle B.intention C.incident D.attempt

解析

根據(jù)“meanssomething，andmakesmethink，‘Wow，maybeshe’sthere，’”可知，這件事對(duì)史密斯意味著很多。√(2024·浙江省杭州市高三二模)It’scommontoseeabarista(咖啡師)createcoffeeart，butit’sawholedifferentballgamedoingthesamethingwithtea.HanZheming，1.

80－year－oldShanghairesident，hasmanaged2.

(perfect)theskill，creatingteaartincups，ordian

cha(點(diǎn)茶)inChinese，whichusedtobearoutineduringtheSongDynasty(960－1279).Overthepastdecades，he3.

(use)teaandspoonstocreatenearly200patterns4.

(base)onancientpaintings.Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空It’salsohisintentiontobringtheoldritualbacktomodernlifeandhavemorepeopleappreciate5.

(it)charm.“Dian

chainmodernbrewingenhancesthetasteoftea，”Hansays.“Itissimilar6.

thefoamontopofacupofcoffee，exceptthatitismadeoftearatherthanmilk.”Chineseteaculturestartedtoenjoy7.

(popular)duringtheTangDynasty(618－907)andflourishedthroughouttheSongDynasty，8.

teahadbecomeanecessityforalmosteveryone，fromnoblesandscholarstocommonpeople，justlikeotherimportantitems，suchasrice，oilandsalt，assuggestedbySongpoliticianandthinkerWangAnshi.9.

(total)differentfromthemethodofbrewingteaduringtheTangperiod，intheSongDynasty，thepopularwayofhavingteawasthroughdian

cha.Theactionofpouringhotwateroverfinepowderedteaiscalleddian，hencethenamedian

cha，which10.

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