假設(shè)你班就科學(xué)家是否應(yīng)該克隆人進(jìn)行了討論，20％的同學(xué)贊成，認(rèn)為其一：有利于促進(jìn)該科學(xué)領(lǐng)域取得突破；其二：克隆智力過(guò)人的偉大科學(xué)家，人類將擁有更多有非凡貢獻(xiàn)的人。80％的同學(xué)反對(duì)，因?yàn)檫@樣違背社會(huì)道義，克隆人沒(méi)有父母，無(wú)法像正常人一樣生活，試談?wù)勀愕目捶āＴ~數(shù)120字左右。范文背誦Didyoueverimaginehavingachildthatistheexactreplica（復(fù)制品）ofyou?Didyoueverimagineofhavingthecureforheartdiseaseorcancer?Well,thesefantasiesarenotfarfromreach.Thewaywecouldreachthesefantasiesisthroughaprocesscalledcloning.Cloningisthereplicationofanexactgeneticcopyofanorganismbyuseofasomatictissue(orcell)fromthedonororganism.Cloningcanbeusedinhumans,humanorgans,orevenanimals.Therearemanyadvantagesanddisadvantagesofcloning.Abenefitofcloningiscloninghumanorgansorbodyparts.Ifapersonhasadysfunctional（變形）liverorheartthentheycouldgetitclonedandgetabrandnewone.Thesearesomeofthebenefitsofcloning.Eventhoughtherearealotofbenefitstocloning,therearealsoalotofdisadvantagesofcloning.Onedisadvantageiswhethercloningisethical.Cloningwillbringupagreatcontroversyonwhethercloningisthe“right”thingtodoornot.Thiscontroversyiscurrentlygoingonrightnowandwillbeevenagreatercontroversyifthegovernmentallowscloning.Manypeoplethinkthatnatureshouldjusttakeitscourse.Otherpeoplethinkthatcloningwillbeaverygoodthingtosociety.句型背誦

①Thewaywecouldreachthesefantasiesisthroughaprocesscalledcloning.②Abenefitofcloningiscloninghumanorgansorbodyparts③Eventhoughtherearealotofbenefitstocloning,therearealsoalotofdisadvantagesofcloning.1._______vi.不同；相異→_______

adj.不同的→_______

n.不同;不同之處2._______

adj.精確的;準(zhǔn)確的→_______

adv.精確地，準(zhǔn)確地3._______

adj.商業(yè)的；貿(mào)易的→_______

n.商業(yè)；貿(mào)易4._______

adj.簡(jiǎn)單的;直接的;坦率的5._______

n.程序;手續(xù);步驟6._______

v.著手;從事;承擔(dān)7.______v.反對(duì)；不贊成→______

n.不贊成；反對(duì)；異議8.______

adj.道德（上）的;倫理的→______

adv.道德上地;倫理上地9.______

vt.&vi.積累;聚積→______

n.積累;聚積10.______

vi.退休;離開(kāi)→______

n.退休11.______

vt.打擾；vi.操心;n.煩擾12.______

n.假定；設(shè)想→______

v.以為；設(shè)想；承擔(dān)；呈現(xiàn)13.______

n.規(guī)則，規(guī)章;法規(guī)→______

v.規(guī)范；調(diào)節(jié)→______

adj.定期的，有規(guī)律的;正規(guī)的14.______

vt.抵抗，對(duì)抗→______

n.抵抗，反抗；抵抗力→______

adj.有抵抗力的15.______

adv.僅；只；不過(guò)→______

adj.僅僅的答案：1.differ;different;difference2.exact；exactly3.commercial;commerce4.straightforward5.procedure6.undertake7.object;objection8.moral;morally9.accumulate;accumulation10.retire；retirement11.bother12.assumption；assume13.regulation;regulate;regular14.resist;resistance;resistant15.merely;mere1.pay______得到好結(jié)果；取得成功；償清2.______down沮喪；不愉快3.______to反對(duì)；不贊成4.in______

of支持；贊成5.be______todo...一定或注定（做）……6.______...intoone’sheart使……刻骨銘心7.from______totime不時(shí)；偶爾8.bring______tolife使復(fù)生；使復(fù)活9.in______白費(fèi)力氣；枉費(fèi)心機(jī)10.ingood/poor______狀況很好（壞）；情況很好（壞）答案：1.off2.cast3.object4.favour5.bound6.strike7.time8.back9.vain10.conditionThefact______sheseemedtodevelopnormallywasveryencouraging.多莉看來(lái)是在正常地成長(zhǎng)著，這很令人鼓舞。答案：that1.undertakevt.著手;從事;承擔(dān)；承諾，答應(yīng)Thescientistundertakestheexperiment.科學(xué)家從事這項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)。Icanundertaketheresponsibilityforthechanges.我愿意承擔(dān)這些變革的責(zé)任。HeundertooktofinishthejobbyFriday.他答應(yīng)星期五之前完成這項(xiàng)工作。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：undertakesth.著手/從事/承擔(dān)某事undertaketodosth.保證/答應(yīng)做某事undertakethat...保證……【即學(xué)即練】完成句子①他欣然承擔(dān)那項(xiàng)艱難的任務(wù)。He______thedifficulttaskwillingly.②他許諾當(dāng)我們的向?qū)Аe__________________ourguide.答案：①undertook②undertooktobe單項(xiàng)填空③He_______toimprovetheworkingconditionsandtheworkerswereexpectingit.A.undertookB.allowedC.answeredD.admitted解析：選A?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。undertake此處意為“答應(yīng)”相當(dāng)于promise。溫馨提示：其過(guò)去式為：undertook;過(guò)去分詞為：undertaken。2.objectionn.不贊成；反對(duì)；異議Nobodyraisedanyobjectiontomydoingitrightnow.沒(méi)人反對(duì),我現(xiàn)在就做這件事。Thechiefobjectiontotheessayisitsinappropriateuseofspecialjargons.這篇文章的主要缺點(diǎn)是專業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)用得不當(dāng)?！韭?lián)想拓展】object表示“反對(duì)”，為不及物動(dòng)詞，后接賓語(yǔ)時(shí)需要加介詞to。oppose表示“反對(duì)”，為及物動(dòng)詞，接賓語(yǔ)時(shí)不加介詞to。但是在beopposedto中需要加介詞to，表示“反對(duì)……，與……相反”。objecttosb./sth.不贊成某人/某事(to為介詞)objectto（sb.）doingsth.反對(duì)(某人)做某事objectthat...反對(duì)……Itwasobjectedthat...有人反對(duì)……常用結(jié)構(gòu)：have/makeanobjectionto（doing）sth.對(duì)……表示反對(duì)【即學(xué)即練】

完成句子①我們反對(duì)受到這樣的待遇。We_________________treatedlikethis.②母親反對(duì)說(shuō)，吉米身體太虛弱，不能承擔(dān)那份工作。Mother____________Jimmywastooweaktotakeupthejob.答案：①objecttobeing②objectedthat3.obtainvt.獲得；贏得Ihaven’tbeenabletoobtainthatrecordanywhere.我到處都沒(méi)買到那張唱片。Hesaidthatthepolicehadobtainedthisinformationbyillegalmeans.他說(shuō)警方是靠非法手段獲得這一資料的。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：obtainsth.fromsb./sth.從……獲得某物obtainsth.bydoingsth.通過(guò)做某事獲得某物【易混辨析】obtain/acquire/gain/earn/achieveobtain意為“獲得，買到”。指通過(guò)努力或請(qǐng)求而得到，含有滿足要求或達(dá)到目的的意味，屬正式用語(yǔ)。acquire意為“經(jīng)過(guò)努力逐步獲得才能、知識(shí)、習(xí)慣等”，也可用于對(duì)財(cái)物等的“獲得”，強(qiáng)調(diào)“一經(jīng)獲得就會(huì)長(zhǎng)期持有”的含義。gain意為“通過(guò)較大努力獲得某種利益或好處”；亦可指軍事上的武力奪取等。earn意為“掙得，贏得”。指因工作等而得到報(bào)酬或待遇。achieve意為“得到；獲得”，多指成就、目標(biāo)、幸福的取得?！炯磳W(xué)即練】選詞填空(obtain/acquire/gain/earn/achieve）①Ifinallymanagedto______acopyofthereport.②Itisthroughlearningthattheindividual______manyhabitualwaysofreactingtosituations.③Aninvestor______bybuyingstocksthatgoupinvalue.④Howmuchdoyou_______aweek?⑤Themoviestar______successandwealth.答案：①obtain②acquires③gains④earn⑤achieved4.owevt.欠（賬，錢，人情等）；歸功于……Heoweshisfather￡50.=Heowes￡50tohisfather.他欠他父親50英鎊。WeowethisdiscoverytoNewton.我們把這一發(fā)現(xiàn)歸功于牛頓。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：owe...to...欠……；把……歸功于；應(yīng)感激……owe...to...for...因……欠……owesb.sth.=owesth.tosb.欠某人某物owingto因?yàn)?，由于【?lián)想拓展】owingadj.欠的，未付的【即學(xué)即練】完成句子①他把自己的成功歸功于他的父母！He_______hissuccess_______hisparents!②我們?nèi)颗ｎD才知道引力的原理。We_______theprincipleofgravitation______Newton.答案：①owed;to②owed;to5.resistvt.抵抗；對(duì)抗Theywerepowerlesstoresist.他們無(wú)力反抗。Manyyoungpeoplecouldnotresistthespiritualpollution.很多年輕人不能抵制精神污染。Ican’tresistthetemptation.我不能抵擋誘惑。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：resiststh.抵制；阻擋某事resistdoingsth.反對(duì)做某事can’tresistdoingsth.忍不住做某事 beresistanttosb./sth.對(duì)某人/某事有抵抗力用法點(diǎn)撥：resist表示“忍得住”，常與can’t/couldn’t連用，后面接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)?！炯磳W(xué)即練】完成句子①她忍不住要笑。She______hardly

______

______.②我頂不住烤蘋果的誘惑。I

______

______bakedapples.答案：①could;resistlaughing②can’tresist單項(xiàng)填空③Sheisoverweight,butshecan’t

______thetemptationtoeatmoredeliciousfood.A.forbidB.attachC.allowD.resist解析：選D?？疾閯?dòng)詞詞義辨析。resist抵制；forbid禁止；attach吸引，粘上；allow允許。由句意可知，應(yīng)選D。6.payoff得到好結(jié)果，取得成功(常用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))；償清；解雇Wewillhavemoremoneytospendafterwepayoffourmortgage.在付清貸款后,我們會(huì)有更多錢花。Thecompanyhaspaidoffsomeredundantemployees.公司在發(fā)放工資后解雇了一些多余的雇員。【聯(lián)想拓展】payfor付……的錢；為……而付出代價(jià)paybacksth.(=paysb.backsth.)償還；報(bào)復(fù)paysb.forsth.=paysth.tosb.forsth.付錢給某人作為……的費(fèi)用【即學(xué)即練】

單項(xiàng)填空①Ifyougoforalongrideinafriend’scar,it’sthecustomtoofferto_______someoftheexpenses.A.payB.payoffC.payforD.payback解析：選C。此處表達(dá)償付一部分費(fèi)用。payfor付……的錢。用與pay相關(guān)的詞組填空②Aftertenyearsofhardworkingshefinally__________herdebt.③Oureffortsaresureto_____________.④Haveyou______themoney______thebankyet?答案：②paidoff③payoff④paid;to7.infavourof贊成，支持Everyoneintheclassvotedinfavourofthecompetition.班里的每個(gè)人都投票贊成參加那個(gè)競(jìng)賽?！韭?lián)想拓展】insb.’sfavour對(duì)某人有利dosb.afavour=doafavourforsb.幫某人忙dosb.thefavourtodosth.=dosb.afavourbydoingsth.幫忙做……CouldyoudomeafavourandtellKellyIcan’tmakeit?你能幫我個(gè)忙告訴凱利我沒(méi)法做成嗎？溫馨提示：dosb.afavour(doafavourforsb.)幫助某人(在該短語(yǔ)中帶有不定冠詞a,但當(dāng)后邊帶動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，favour前的冠詞應(yīng)為the)?！炯磳W(xué)即練】

單項(xiàng)填空①Heargued_____astrike.A.infavourofB.inhonourofC.infaceofD.inneedof解析：選A。考查短語(yǔ)辨析。infavourof支持;inhonourof為了紀(jì)念……;infaceof面對(duì)；inneedof需要。由句意可知，選A。②Idon’tliketoaskpeopleforhelpasarulebutIwonderifyoucould______meafavour.A.makeB.doC.findD.get解析：選B。dosb.afavour幫助某人，符合句意。溫馨提示：當(dāng)表示“支持，贊同某人/某事”時(shí)除用infavourof之外；其他常用：beforsb./sth.standby;standonone’sside等。表示“不支持，不贊同某人/某事”時(shí)用beagainstsb./sth.8.beboundtodo一定；注定(做)【聯(lián)想拓展】beboundfor去，準(zhǔn)備去……beboundupwith...與……有密切關(guān)系beboundtosth.受……限制；被……束縛【即學(xué)即練】完成句子①明天天氣一定會(huì)變得更好。Theweather________________getbettertomorrow.②你下了這么多工夫,一定能考及格。You’vedonesomuchworkthatyou________________passtheexam.③這艘輪船前往青島。Thisship__________________Qingdao.答案：①isboundto②areboundto③isboundfor9.Thefactthatsheseemedtodevelopnormallywasveryencouraging.(P11)她（多莉羊）似乎生長(zhǎng)正常的事實(shí)很鼓舞人心。thatsheseemedtodevelopnormally是一個(gè)同位語(yǔ)從句，作thefact的同位語(yǔ)。同位語(yǔ)從句一般由that引導(dǎo)，常放在fact，truth，news，information，idea，thought，hope，suggestion，advice，reply，remark，report等名詞后面，說(shuō)明該名詞的具體內(nèi)容。當(dāng)先行詞是problem，question或當(dāng)主句是表示疑問(wèn)或否定意思時(shí)，連接詞要用whether或其他的疑問(wèn)代詞或副詞。ThenewsthathehasbeenelectedpresidentoftheUnitedStatesistrue.他當(dāng)選美國(guó)總統(tǒng)的消息是真的。Thequestionwhetherweshouldcontinuetodotheexperimenthasnotbeenansweredyet.我們是否該繼續(xù)實(shí)驗(yàn)的問(wèn)題還沒(méi)有被解決。Ihavenoideawherethenewlibrarywillbebuilt.我不知道新圖書(shū)館將要建在哪里。10.ThencamethedisturbingnewsthatDollyhadbecomeseriouslyill.（P11）接著傳來(lái)了多莉病重的壞消息。now,then位于句首，謂語(yǔ)是come,go,appear等時(shí)句子用全部倒裝。Nowcomesyourturn.輪到你了?！炯磳W(xué)即練】單項(xiàng)填空Inthedarkforests_______,somelargeenoughtoholdseveralEnglishtowns.A.standmanylakesB.liemanylakesC.manylakeslieD.manylakesstand解析：選B。考查詞語(yǔ)辨析以及倒裝。地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)放在句首時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)常是come，go，lie,stand等且主語(yǔ)是名詞或名詞詞組時(shí)主句用全部倒裝。表示某物存在某處，動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用lie。Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1.Theroleofthenewsu______informingpublicopinionisofgreatimportance.2.Thesmalltownlookse_____asitdidwhenitwasbuilt200yearsago.3.I’msorrytod______yousolate,butIwaswonderingifIcoulduseyourphone.4.Forateachertohitachildisnotjustm______wrongbutalsoillegal.5.Theseprofitsarebasedonthea______thatpriceswillcontinuetorise.6.Thetreatmentwon’tcureher-itm______stopsthepain.7.Thelawf_____thesaleofcigarettestopeopleundertheageof16.8.Wehaveworkedoutanewsetofp_____forusingthismachine.9.Nooneo______whenthemanagersaiditwastimetogohome.10.Everyservantwillr_____fromhispositionattheageof60.答案：1.undertaken2.exactly3.disturb4.morally5.assumption6.merely7.forbids8.procedures9.objected10.retireⅡ.用方框內(nèi)所給短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空becastdown/objectto/infavourof/beboundto(do)/fromtimetotime/bringbacktolife/payoff/ingoodcondition/invain/castdown1.DuringmystayinJapanmysistervisitedme_______.2.I_______toknowthatshefailedinthefinalexam.3.Allyoureffortswill_______.Justkeepitup!4.Allthosepresentatthemeeting_______theplan.5.Hehasmadefullpreparationsfortheexam.He______succeed.

6.Arethereanyone______humancloning?7.Ithinksomedaydinosaursmaybe______throughcloning.8.Allourhardworkwas______.9.Keeperssaidthepandaswere______.10.They_______theirweaponsatlast.答案：1.fromtimetotime2.wascastdown3.payoff4.objectedto5.isboundto6.infavourof7.broughtbacktolife8.invain9.ingoodcondition10.castdownⅢ.同義句轉(zhuǎn)換1.Atthebeginning,hewasagainstmyproposal.However,intheend,hechangedhismind.Atfirsthehesitatedaboutmysuggestion,buthe_____________agreed.2.Latertheylearntthatanearthquakehadtakenplaceinthatarea.Then__________________thattheareahadbeenhitbyanearthquake.3.Althoughhewasnotstrong,hejoinedinthework.____________________weakness,hetookpartinthework.答案：1.atlast2.camethenews3.DespiteofhisⅣ.根據(jù)要求改寫句子Thefactthatsheseemedtodevelopnormallywasveryencouraging.(改寫成兩個(gè)句子)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.ThencamethedisturbingnewsthatDollyhadbecomeseriouslyill.（改寫成正常語(yǔ)序）____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：1.Thefactisthatsheseemedtodevelopnormally.Thefactwasveryencouraging.2.ThedisturbingnewsthencamethatDollyhadbecomeseriouslyill.Ⅴ.完成句子1.Tellyourparentsthetruth,forthey________________(注定)knowallaboutit.2.Theprojectraised________________________(巨大的反對(duì))andhadagreatimpactonthevillagers.3.Thoughhe_______________________（贊成）theplan,hedidn’tmakestraightforwardreplies.4.He_____________(已經(jīng)積累)alotofteachingexperienceduringthepast10years.5.Hisassumptionthathumanbeingscancloneanimals______________（證實(shí)）atlast.答案：1.areboundto2.astormofobjections3.wasinfavourof4.hasaccumulated5.wasproved

Ⅵ.單項(xiàng)填空1.Afterthreeyearsofhardwork,theyhadatlastpaid_____allthemoneytheyhadborrowed.A.ForB.outC.inD.back解析：選D。payback表示“償還，還清”，payfor支付；payout花費(fèi)。2.He’sobviouslyquiteembarrassedaboutitbecauseheforbademe______tellinganyone.A.forB.fromC.offD.of解析：選B。forbidsb.fromdoing禁止某人做某事。3.Scientistshavereachedthe______conclusionthattheamountofsolarener