試題PAGE1試題2024北京豐臺高一（下）期末英語考生須知:1.答題前,考生務(wù)必先將答題卡上的學(xué)校、班級、姓名、教育ID號用黑色字跡簽字筆填寫清楚,并認(rèn)真核對條形碼上的教育ID號、姓名,在答題卡的“條形碼粘貼區(qū)”貼好條形碼。2.本次練習(xí)所有答題均在答題卡上完成。選擇題必須使用2B鉛筆以正確填涂方式將各小題對應(yīng)選項(xiàng)涂黑,如需改動,用橡皮擦除干凈后再選涂其它選項(xiàng)。非選擇題必須使用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)黑色字跡簽字筆書寫,要求字體工整、字跡清楚。3.請嚴(yán)格按照答題卡上題號在相應(yīng)答題區(qū)內(nèi)作答,超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效,在練習(xí)卷、草稿紙上答題無效。4.本練習(xí)卷滿分共100分,作答時(shí)長90分鐘。筆試（共三部分100分）第一部分知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié),30分）第一節(jié)（共10小題;每小題1.5分,共15分）閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Tenyearsago,IhadjuststartedmyfirstjobasaMedicalRepresentativeinasmalltowninIndia—butwas___1___everymomentofit.Ihadthe___2___topromoteandgetsalesregardlessofwhethertherewasaneedformydrugsornot.Tomakemattersworse,Iwas___3___frommyoriginalplanofpursuing(追求)aPh.Dinbiology.Allthesethoughtswerecrowdingthroughmymind,asIwasdrivingmyscooteraroundthetownvisitingonedoctorafteranother.Atoneofthetrafficlights,Ihitaredandhadtowaitforthesignaltoturngreen.Inoticedthattherewasahugerocklyingnearthesquare—aresultofsomebody’scarelessness.Yetnobodythoughtit___4___togetoutofthevehiclesandmovetherocktotheedgeoftheroadwhereitwouldlie,harmless.SuddenlyInoticedayoungkidcrawlinghiswayacrosstheothersideoftheroad.Hemusthavehadaseriousinfectionofpolio(小兒麻痹癥)whenhewasababy.Hewascrawlingonbothhishandsand___5___hisbodybehindhim.Thisguycameuptotherockwithalookonhisfaceshowingthathedidnotbelieveinhishandicap(殘疾).Hewaslookingatthatrockwith___6___—asifsayingtothestone“Youareaninstrumentofmywill.”He___7___topushtherocktothesideoftheroad.Icanneverforgetthatlookofprideonhisface,showingthathehas___8___somethingthatable-bodiedpeoplelikemewereavoidingdoing.Andlookingatthiskidforthisbrieftime,IwasremindedhowsmallmytroubleswereinrespecttohisandhowmuchIwasworryingaboutthem.SincethenIhavenever___9___.IdidpursuemydreamoffinishingaPh.Dinthebiologicalsciences.Tothatunknownmessengerofhopeand____10____,thisistheovation(鼓掌)Iwishtogive—thoughbelatedly.1A.expecting B.regretting C.missing D.wondering2.A.pressure B.desire C.pleasure D.chance3.A.passing B.developing C.departing D.starting4.A.difficult B.dangerous C.possible D.worthwhile5.A.dragging B.shaping C.lifting D.folding6.A.anxiety B.determination C.confusion D.amazement7.A.planned B.failed C.learnt D.managed8.A.recalled B.considered C.preserved D.accomplished9.A.calmeddown B.givenup C.brokenin D.workedout10.A.cooperation B.generosity C.courage D.enthusiasm第二節(jié)（共10小題;每小題1.5分,共15分）閱讀下列短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域作答。A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容或括號內(nèi)所給詞的恰當(dāng)形式填空。In2023,13.9millionpeople___11___(visit)theSpain’sCanaryIslands—that’ssixtimesmorethanthenumberofpeoplewhoactuallylivethere.Localssaytheyarenot___12___alltourismbecauseitcreatesjobsandmoney,buttheywanttheirgovernmenttoputalimitonthenumberoftourists.Theythinkthegovernmentshouldworkouthowmanytouristscanbesupported,sothattheCanariescanbecomeanexampleof___13___(sustain)tourism.B閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容或括號內(nèi)所給詞的恰當(dāng)形式填空。Inspring,thousandsofbirdsflynorthtobreedinSiberia.Somebirdseatgrassshoots___14___starttogrowatthebeginningoftheseason.Thisfoodsourceisonlyavailableforafewweeksandrisingtemperatures___15___(cause)byclimatechangecansometimesmakethegrassgrowearlierthanusual.Thismeansthatsomebirdsarearrivingtoolatetoeatthegrass,___16___(leave)themwithoutafoodsource.Asmoreandmorelandisusedforfarming,thenaturalwetlands___17___birdsliketosearchforfoodaredisappearingtoo.C閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容或括號內(nèi)所給詞的恰當(dāng)形式填空。DylanAllman,aged18,recentlyreceivedanawardforhisworktoprotecthedgehogs(刺猬).Theaward___18___(go)toinspiringpeoplewhomakechangesintheircommunity.Allman’smissionstartedfouryearsago___19___hebecameinterestedinthenumberofhedgehogsinhisgarden.Earlierthisyear,helaunchedaprogram,inwhichateamofvolunteersrescuedinjuredhedgehogsinpartsofWales.Allmanalsovisitedschoolstoteachpeopleabouthedgehogsandraisedmoney___20___(support)animalrescuecenters.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié),38分）第一節(jié)（共14小題;每小題2分,共28分）閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。A2024HarvardWinterPrograminShanghai,ChinaThecityofShanghaihasbroughttogetherdiversepeoples,cultures,andeconomiesfromvariouspartsofChinaandaroundtheworld.Blendingculturalstudieswithsocialsciences,2024HarvardWinterPrograminShanghai,Chinawillhelpyouunderstandthecity.Programdates:November8,2024toDecember21,2024Applyby:August25,2024ProgramStructureThissix-weekprogramincludestwocoursesonShanghai’sculturalhistoryandeconomicdevelopmentexperiences.Youstarteachweekwithtwodaysofseminars(研討會)designedtoletyouseeShanghaidifferently.OnWednesdaysandThursdays,thegroupmovestoafieldsiteforahands-onresearchpracticum(實(shí)踐操作課)incompanies,governmentoffices,andcommunities.Overtheweekend,youtryyourownhandsatexploringthecityanditseconomy,workingoncreativeprojectsand/orresearchpapers,withaflexiblefinalprojectformatthataccommodatesstudentpriorities.Theprogramcountsastwosemester-longcoursesofdegreecredit(學(xué)分),4creditseach.BothprogramcoursescancounttowardsEastAsianStudiescredit.AccommodationsYouwillliveinanon-campushotelinoneofChina’smostdistinguishedacademicinstitutions.Hotelservicesincludewi-fi,dailyhousekeeping,safeforstorageofvaluables,cafeteriaandgym.Apartfromallthepracticalconveniencesofastudentdistrict,thecampusalsoofferslibraryaccessandwillbeanidealbaseforyourcreativeandresearchprojects.ApplicationToapply,youmust:?Beatleast18yearsold?Havecompletedatleastoneyearofcollege?BeingoodacademicstandingStudentsenrolledatanyuniversityarewelcometoapply.TheWinter2024applicationwillbeavailableinearlyJuly.Eachprogramhasuniquerequirementsincludedintheonlineapplication.Beginningyourapplicationearlyisthebestwaytoensurethatyouhavesufficienttimetoreviewandcompletetheapplicationrequirementsbythedeadline.Ifyouhavequestionsabouttheapplication,pleasecontacttheHarvardStudyAbroadOfficebyemailatwinterabroad@.21.Ifyoutake2024HarvardWinterProgram,you_________.A.willliveinahotelnearHarvardcampus B.willspendtwelvedaysintotalonseminarsC.canget4creditstowardsEastAsianStudies D.mustcompletearesearchpaperforaproject22.Ifyouwanttoapplyforthisprogram,youmust_________.A.beahighschoolseniorB.havereceivedhands-ontrainingChaveworkexperienceincompaniesD.finishnolessthanoneyearofcollege23.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Tostressthevalueoftakingawinterprogram.B.Toattractmorepeopletoapplyforawinterprogram.C.ToshareamemorableexperienceatHarvardUniversity.D.TointroducerequirementsforafinalprojectatHarvardUniversity.B“Abirdwithabrokenwingwillneverflyashigh.”I’msurethatT.J.Warewasmadetofeelthiswayalmosteverydayinschool.Byhighschool,T.J.wasthemostcelebratedtroublemakerinhistown.Hewasalwaysimpolite,didn’tanswerquestionsandgotintolotsoffights.ImetT.J.forthefirsttimeataweekendleadershipprogram.Atthestartoftheprogram,T.J.wasliterallystandingoutsidethecircleofstudentswiththat“goahead,impressme”lookonhisface.Theicereallymelted(融化)whenthegroupsstartedbuildingalistofpositiveandnegativethingsthatoccurredatschoolthatyear.T.J.hadbrilliantthoughtsonthosesituations.TheotherstudentsinT.J.’sgroupwelcomedhiscomments.AllofasuddenT.J.feltlikeapartofthegroup,andbeforelonghewasbeingtreatedlikealeader.Thenextfollowingdays,T.J.wasveryactiveinallthesessions.LaterhejoinedtheHomelessProjectteam.Heknewsomethingaboutpoverty,hungerandhopelessness.Theotherstudentsontheteamwereimpressedwithhispassionateconcernandideas.Bytheendoftheprogram,thestudentselectedT.J.co-chairmanoftheteam.Manypeoplecouldn’tbelievethattheprincipal(校長)wouldallowthiscrucialbeginningtoathree-yearactionplantostayintheincapablehandsofT.J.Ware.Twoweekslater,T.J.andhisfriendsledagroupof70studentsinadrivetocollectfood.Theycollectedaschoolrecord:2,854cansoffoodinjusttwohours.Asthelocalnewspapercoveredtheeventwithafullarticle,T.J.startedshowingupatschooleverydayandansweredquestionsfromteachersforthefirsttime.Later,heledasecondproject,yielding9,000cansoffoodinonedayandtakingcareof70percentoftheneededfoodforthehomelessshelterforoneyear.T.J.remindsusthatabirdwithabrokenwingonlyneedsmending.Butonceithashealed,itcanflyhigherthantherest.T.J.gotajob.Hebecameproductive.Heisflyingquitenicelythesedays.24.Atfirst,whatwasT.J.knownforinthetown?A.Misbehaviorandrudeness. B.Popularityinhisgroup.C.Pooracademicperformance. D.Activenessinclassdiscussion.25.WhatchangedT.J.’sattitudetowardstheprogram?A.Gettingsupportfromtheprincipal. B.JoiningtheHomelessProjectteam.C.Beingtheco-chairmanoftheteam. D.Gaininggroupmembers’recognition.26.Whatcanbelearntfromthestory?A.Liketeacher,likepupil. B.Neverfishintroubledwater.C.Donotjudgeabookbyitscover. D.Birdsofafeatherflocktogether.CForyears,scientistshavebeentryingtofigureoutwhether“brainworkouts”suchaspuzzles(字謎)andonlinecognitivegamescouldstrengthenourmindsandslowtheprocessofaging.Now,astudyhasfoundthatregularlyattemptingacrosswordmayhelpslowdeclineinsomepeoplewithmildcognitiveimpairment(障礙),anearlystageoffalteringmemorythatcansometimesprogresstodementia(癡呆癥).Whilethestudydidn'tinvestigatewhethercrosswordsbenefityoungeradultswhoarenotdealingwithcognitivedecline,itsuggeststhatkeepingyourmindactiveasyouagemaybenefityourbrain.Andtheresearchoffershopetothosediagnosedwithmildcognitiveimpairmentthattheymaybeabletostaveofffurtherdeclinesinthememory,languageproblemsanddecision-makingthatarethehallmarkofthecondition.TheAmericanAcademyofNeurologyestimatesthatmildcognitiveimpairmentaffectsabout8percentofpeopleages65to69;10percentofpeopleages70to74;15percentofpeopleages75to79;25percentofthoseages80to84;andabout37percentofpeople85andolder.Theresearch,whichwasfundedbytheNationalInstituteonAging,recruited107adultsages55to95withmildcognitiveimpairment.For12weeks,theywereallaskedtoplayoneoftwotypesofgames,fourtimesaweek—spendingeither30minutesonLumosity,apopularcognitivetrainingplatform,or30minutesattemptingadigitalcrossword.After12weeks,theparticipantswerereevaluatedandgiven"booster"dosesofgameplaysixmoretimesduringthe78-weekexperiment.Bytheendofthestudy,participantsweregivenstandardassessmentsusedtomeasurecognitivedecline,andfriendsandfamilyreportedontheirday-to-dayfunctioning.MRIscansalsowereusedtomeasurebrainvolumechanges.Researchersfoundthatinkeymeasurements—cognitivedeclinescores,functionalskillsandbrainvolumechanges—theregularcrosswordplayersfaredbetterthanthegameplayers.Thefindingsurprisedthescientistsbehindthestudywhohadexpectedthatchallengingweb-basedbraingames,whichwerespecificallydesignedtoboostcognitivefunction,wouldofferthemostbenefit.“Ourstudyshowsthatinpeoplewithmildcognitiveimpairment,crosswordpuzzlesbeatthecomputerizedgamesonmultiplemetrics,”saidMuraliDoraiswamy,aco-authorofthestudy.“So,ifyouhavemildcognitiveimpairment,whichisdifferentfromnormalaging,thentherecommendationwouldbetokeepyourbrainactivewithcrosswordpuzzles.”Peoplewithhigherdegreesofcognitiveimpairmentappearedtobenefitthemostfromdoingthecrossword,whichwasdesignedtobeamoderatelydifficultpuzzlecomparabletotheThursdaygame.Thestudyhaslimitations.Someoftheparticipantsmayhavejustbeenmorefamiliarwithcrosswordsandthat'swhytheyrespondedbettertothepuzzlesthantoLumosity'scomputergames.Moreyearsoffollow-upalsoareneededtodeterminewhetherinterventionssuchascrosswordpuzzlescan“trulypreventdementia,”Doraiswamysaid.27.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"staveoff"inParagraph3probablymean?A.Promote. B.Prevent. C.Experience. D.Cause.28.Paragraph4iswrittento_________.A.showaconcerningcondition B.comparedifferentgroupsC.presentreal-lifeexamples D.proveanassumption29.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.One'sdegreeofcognitiveimpairmentdependsonhowoldheis.B.Solvingcrosswordpuzzlesisarecommendationtoelderlypeople.C.Theefficiencyofpuzzlesinpreventingdementiahasbeenproved.D.Crosswords'effectsarelinkedtohowseriouscognitiveimpairmentis.30.Whatmakesthefindingsofthestudyfarfromconclusive?A.Thelackofvariables. B.Theweaknessesofassessments.C.Theinsufficiencyoftimespan. D.Thesubjects'preferenceforgames.DAPerspectivearticlepublishedinNaturethisweeksaysthatAIsystemsposeafurtherrisk:thatresearchersenvisionsuchtoolsaspossessedofsuperhumanabilitieswhenitcomestoobjectivity,productivityandunderstandingcomplexconcepts.ScientistsplanningtouseAI“mustevaluatetheserisksnow,whileAIapplicationsarestillnascent(未成熟的),becausetheywillbemuchmoredifficulttoaddressifAItoolsbecomedeeplyembeddedintheresearchpipeline”,writeco-authorsLisaMesseriandMollyCrockett.Inthisarticle,MesseriandCrockettputtogetherapictureofthewaysinwhichscientistsseeAIsystemsasenhancinghumancapabilities.Inone‘vision’,whichtheycallAIasOracle,researchersseeAItoolsasabletotirelesslyreadanddigestscientificpapers,andsosurveythescientificliteraturemoreexhaustivelythanpeoplecan.InbothOracleandanothervision,calledAIasArbiter,systemsareperceivedasevaluatingscientificfindingsmoreobjectivelythandopeople,becausetheyarelesslikelytocherry-picktheliteraturetosupportadesiredhypothesisortoshowfavouritisminpeerreview.Inathirdvision,AIasQuant,AItoolsseemtosurpassthelimitsofthehumanmindinanalyzingvastandcomplexdata.Inthefourth,AIasSurrogate,AItoolssimulate(模擬)datathataretoodifficultorcomplextoobtain.Informedbyanthropologyandcognitivescience,MesseriandCrockettpredictrisksthatarisefromthesevisions.Oneistheillusionofexplanatorydepth,inwhichpeoplerelyingonanotherperson—or,inthiscase,analgorithm—forknowledgehaveatendencytomistakethatknowledgefortheirownandthinktheirunderstandingisdeeperthanitactuallyis.AnotherriskisthatresearchbecomesskewedtowardsstudyingthekindsofthingthatAIsystemscantest—theresearcherscallthistheillusionofexploratorybreadth.Forexample,insocialscience,thevisionofAIasSurrogatecouldencourageexperimentsinvolvinghumanbehaviorsthatcanbesimulatedbyanAI—anddiscouragethoseonbehaviorsthatcannot,suchasanythingthatrequiresbeingembodiedphysically.There’salsotheillusionofobjectivity,inwhichresearchersseeAIsystemsasrepresentingallpossibleviewpointsornothavingaviewpoint.Infact,thesetoolsreflectonlytheviewpointsfoundinthedatatheyhavebeentrainedon,andareknowntoadoptthebiases(偏見)foundinthosedata.“There’sariskthatweforgetthattherearecertainquestionswejustcan’tanswerabouthumanbeingsusingAItools,”saysCrockett.Theillusionofobjectivityisparticularlyworryinggiventhebenefitsofincludingdiverseviewpointsinresearch.Ifyou’reascientistplanningtouseAI,youcanreducethesedangersthroughanumberofstrategies.Oneistomapyourproposedusetooneofthevisions,andconsiderwhichtrapsyouaremostlikelytofallinto.AnotherapproachistobedeliberateabouthowyouuseAI.DeployingAItoolstosavetimeonsomethingyourteamalreadyhasexpertiseinislessriskythanusingthemtoprovideexpertiseyoujustdon’thave,saysCrockett.31.AccordingtoParagraph2,whichmightscientistsagreewith?A.Humanintelligencecan’tbeovershadowedinanalyzingdata.B.PrejudicehasbeenruledoutbyAItoolsinscientificevaluation.C.Studieswithdesiredhypothesisareusuallyfavoredinpeerreview.D.AIcanconductarelativelythoroughoverviewofthepriorresearch.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“skewed”inParagraph4probablymean?A.Declining. B.Partial. C.Dynamic. D.Irrelevant.33.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.RelyingonAItofillgapsintheteam’sknowledgeismuchpreferable.B.AIisn’tlimitedtotheoutlookandbiasespresentwithinitstrainingdata.C.InstantactionsmustbetakentorateAI’srisksbeforeitisfullyintegratedintoresearch.D.UserscountingheavilyonAItendtounderestimatetheirinsightofaconcept.34.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ACallforConsideredUseofAIinScienceB.TheUnseenBiasesofAIinSocialScienceC.AI’sRoleinEnhancingHumanExpertiseD.HowAIIsShapingScientificDiscovery第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2分,共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Howobjectiveareyou?Howoftenareyouover-reactingtosituations,takingthingspersonallyorjudgingpeopleunfairly?Wealldothisatsometimeoranother.___35___Understress,mostofusdrawsolelyonourpastexperiencesandbiases,whichcloudourabilitytoseethingsclearlyandmakesoundjudgments.Moreover,ourdesiretosucceedisoftensostrong,that,undertheseintensecircumstances,ourlimitingmentalmodelstendtogetinourway,creatingevenmorestressandcausingustoreactinwaysthatwemayregret.Ourabilitytobeobjectivedependsonourwillingnesstoquestionourmentalmodels,thelensthroughwhichweperceive,interpretandrespondtoourworld.Ifourmentalmodelsareincorrect,thenourunderstandingofwhatisgoingonandourresponsetoit,areoftenincorrect.___36___Thegoodnewsisthatwithpracticewecaninterruptourautomaticreactions,andchooseadifferentresponse.Eachtimewedothis,wearere-wiringourneuralnetworkbycreatingnewpathwaysbasedonnewmodels:newwaysofperceivingandrespondingtoourworld.___37___Oneofthemostpowerfulmentalmodeltransformationcatalysts(催化劑)isnewknowledgeorlogicthatchallengeoldwaysofthinking.___38___They’veusuallybeenwithusawhile,sowetendtotrustthem.Formostofus,wehaveneverbeentaughtaboutmentalmodelsandhowtoevaluatethemtodetermineiftheyarehelpfulorharmful.Totransformunproductivementalmodels,wemustchangeourmind!Wehavetodecide,throughourownlogicandreason,whetherourwayofseeingtheworldisnolongervalidforus.___39___Itisinthewakeofthisnewknowledgethattransformationtakesplace.Atthatmoment,asetofnewconnectionsiscreatedinthebrain.It’sthesenewconnectionsthathavethepotentialtoenhanceourmentalresourcestohelpustransformlimitingmentalmodels.A.Wecanactuallylearntothinksmarter!B.Anobjectiveleadermustjudgeandtreatpeoplefairly.C.Thisrequiresthatwebeopentonewknowledgeandreasoning.D.Thekeyistoacceptaproblemasitoccursandnottakeitpersonally.E.Thisiswhywesometimesmisjudgesituationsandtakethingspersonally.F.Aswehaveseen,mentalmodelsaredeep—rootedbeliefswetendtoholdonto.G.Thechallengeisthatwhenweareunderpressure,wetendtobelessobjective.第三部分書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié),32分）第一節(jié)（共12小題;共12分）閱讀下面文段,在設(shè)空處填入恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。請?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域作答。40.Withtheprogressofnewmedicalresearch,I’m_____________thatpeoplelikemewouldbeabletowalkagainoneday.（根據(jù)句意填空）41.Withstrongsupportfromthegovernmentandthetireless_____________ofthecity’speople,anewTangshanwasbuiltupontheearthquakeruins.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）42.Soonafter,however,problemscameupandthe“whitebikes”all_____________—thievesstolethemallinamatterofweeks!（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）43.Untilhepassedawayin1961,Meihadbeenperformingandencouragingthe__________ofPekingOperaforalmost60years.(根據(jù)句意填空)44.Ofcoursetherearestillenvironmentalrisks.However,theseshouldbebalancedwitheconomicneeds.Hopefully,astechnologyimproves,wemayhavemore________thisbalance.(根據(jù)句意填空)45.Bike-sharingisacheapandeasywaytosaveenergy,reduceairandnoisepollution,andenjoythe_____________ofexerciseincities.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）46.Whenacquiringnewknowledge,I’lltrytomake_____________withwhatIhavealreadylearnt.（根據(jù)句意單詞拼寫）47.Iamproudthatwebuiltour“impossible”railway,anddidsowiththecarethattheenvironment_____________.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)48.XieLeichosetolivewithahostfamily,whocanhelpwithher_____________tothenewenvironment.（用適當(dāng)詞填空）49.TheorganizationiscalledRoots&Shootsbecauserootsmoveslowlyunderthegroundtomakeafirm_____________,andshootsseemsmallandweak,buttheycanbreakopenbrickwallstoreachthelight.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）50.Butperhapswhatismostsignificantisthewayinwhichpeoplehaveworkedin_____________withnaturetomaketheseterracesandgrowrice.(根據(jù)句意填空)51._____________withpeoplefromdiverseculturalbackgroundshelpsusviewtheworldfromdifferentangles.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）第二節(jié)（20分）52.假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高一學(xué)生李華。你校公眾號英語欄目正舉辦主題為“用英語講中國故事”的征文活動。請你寫一篇短文投稿，介紹能代表中國形象的優(yōu)秀人物事跡、傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)形式或獨(dú)特的自然人文景觀，并闡釋其能代表中國形象的原因。習(xí)作要求主題鮮明、細(xì)節(jié)描述能體現(xiàn)主題；語言準(zhǔn)確得體；詞數(shù)100左右。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

參考答案筆試（共三部分100分）第一部分知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié),30分）第一節(jié)（共10小題;每小題1.5分,共15分）【答案】1.B2.A3.C4.D5.A6.B7.D8.D9.B10.C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述的是一位醫(yī)療代表在殘疾小孩的勇氣和希望激勵(lì)下，重新找回自我價(jià)值和追求夢想的故事?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：十年前，我剛開始我的第一份工作，在印度的一個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)擔(dān)任醫(yī)療代表——但我每時(shí)每刻都在后悔。A.expecting期待；B.regretting后悔；C.missing錯(cuò)過；D.wondering想知道。根據(jù)下文“topromoteandgetsalesregardlessofwhethertherewasaneedformydrugsornot”可知，作者很后悔干這個(gè)工作，因?yàn)闊o論是否有人需要作者的藥，作者都需要推銷。故選B?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：不管我的藥是否有需求，我都有推銷和銷售的壓力。A.pressure壓力；B.desire渴望；C.pleasure快樂；D.chance機(jī)會。根據(jù)下文“topromoteandgetsalesregardlessofwhethertherewasaneedformydrugsornot”可知，作者面臨的是推銷和銷售藥的壓力。故選A?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，我偏離了攻讀生物學(xué)博士學(xué)位的原計(jì)劃。A.passing經(jīng)過；B.developing發(fā)展；C.departing離開；D.starting開始。根據(jù)上文“Tomakemattersworse”可知，作者沒能按原計(jì)劃讀生物學(xué)博士學(xué)位，departfrom是固定短語，意為“背離”。故選C?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，沒有人認(rèn)為值得下車，把石頭搬到路邊，這樣它就可以安然無恙地躺在那里了。A.difficult困難的；B.dangerous危險(xiǎn)的；C.possible可能的；D.worthwhile值得的。根據(jù)下文“getoutofthevehiclesandmovetherocktotheedgeoftheroadwhereitwouldlie,harmless”可知，沒有人會覺得把石頭搬到路邊是值得的。故選D。【5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他用雙手匍匐著，身子拖在身后。A.dragging拖；B.shaping塑造；C.lifting舉起；D.folding折疊。根據(jù)上文“Hewascrawlingonbothhishands”可知，他用雙手爬，所以是拖著自己的身體。故選A?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他堅(jiān)定地望著那塊石頭，仿佛在對那塊石頭說：“你是我意志的工具?！盇.anxiety焦慮；B.determination決心；C.confusion困惑；D.amazement驚詫，驚奇。根據(jù)下文“Youareaninstrumentofmywill”可知，那個(gè)孩子很堅(jiān)定地望著石頭。故選B?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他設(shè)法把那塊石頭推到路邊。A.planned計(jì)劃；B.failed失??；C.learnt學(xué)習(xí)；D.managed設(shè)法做到。根據(jù)下文“Icanneverforgetthatlookofprideonhisface”可知，那個(gè)孩子是設(shè)法把石頭搬到了路邊，所以臉上才會有自豪。故選D?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記他臉上的驕傲，這表明他已經(jīng)完成了像我這樣健全的人避免做的事情。A.recalled回想起；B.considered考慮；C.preserved保護(hù)；D.accomplished完成。根據(jù)上文“He___7__topushtherocktothesideoftheroad”可知，那個(gè)孩子設(shè)法把石頭搬到了路邊，所以是完成了健全人避免做的事情。故選D?！?題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：從那以后，我再也沒有放棄過。A.calmeddown平靜下來；B.givenup放棄；C.brokenin闖入；D.workedout解決。根據(jù)下文“IdidpursuemydreamoffinishingaPh.Dinthebiologicalsciences”可知，作者追逐自己的夢想，所以是沒有放棄。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：對于這位不為人知的希望和勇氣的使者，這是我想給予的掌聲——盡管來得有些遲。A.cooperation合作；B.generosity慷慨；C.courage勇氣；D.enthusiasm熱情。根據(jù)上文“He__7__topushtherocktothesideoftheroad”可知，那個(gè)殘疾的孩子把石頭搬到了路中間，可見他是一個(gè)有勇氣的人，向作者傳達(dá)了勇氣。故選C。第二節(jié)（共10小題;每小題1.5分,共15分）【答案】11.visited12.against13.sustainable【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道，主要講述了加那利群島旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀、當(dāng)?shù)厝说膽B(tài)度以及他們對可持續(xù)旅游業(yè)的期望?！?1題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：2023年，有1390萬人參觀了西班牙的加那利群島，這是實(shí)際居住在那里的人數(shù)的六倍。由In2023可知，句子時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí)，空格處用過去式，故填visited。【12題詳解】考查介詞。句意：當(dāng)?shù)厝吮硎荆麄儾⒉环磳λ械穆糜螛I(yè)，因?yàn)樗鼊?chuàng)造了就業(yè)機(jī)會和金錢，但他們希望政府限制游客的數(shù)量。由“becauseitcreatesjobsandmoney”可知，句子表示“當(dāng)?shù)厝吮硎?，他們并不反對所有的旅游業(yè)”，空格處意為“反對”，用against，故填against?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：他們認(rèn)為政府應(yīng)該計(jì)算出可以支持多少游客，這樣加那利群島就可以成為可持續(xù)旅游業(yè)的一個(gè)例子?？崭裉幱眯稳菰~作定語，修飾名詞tourism，此處表示“可持續(xù)旅游業(yè)”，空格處意為“可持續(xù)的”，形容詞是sustainable。故填sustainable?！敬鸢浮?4.that##which15.caused16.leaving17where【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文，文章講述了影響遷徙鳥類覓食的因素：氣候變化和越來越多的土地被用于農(nóng)業(yè)?！?4題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：有些鳥吃初春時(shí)節(jié)開始生長的草芽。空處引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，先行詞是grassshoots，指物，關(guān)系詞替代先行詞在從句中作主語，使用關(guān)系代詞that或which引導(dǎo)，故填that/which。【15題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：這種食物來源只能供應(yīng)幾個(gè)星期，氣候變化引起的氣溫上升有時(shí)會使草比平時(shí)生長得早。動詞cause和risingtemperatures之間是邏輯動賓關(guān)系，cause使用過去分詞形式作后置定語，故填caused?！?6題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：這意味著有些鳥來的太晚了，沒有時(shí)間吃草，導(dǎo)致它們沒有食物來源。該空后內(nèi)容是前句造成的意料之中的結(jié)果，leave使用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作結(jié)果狀語，故填leaving。【17題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：隨著越來越多的土地被用于農(nóng)業(yè)，鳥類覓食的天然濕地也在消失?？仗幰龑?dǎo)限制性定語從句，先行詞是thenaturalwetlands，關(guān)系詞替代先行詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，使用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)，故填where?！敬鸢浮?8.goes19.when20.tosupport【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了DylanAllman因保護(hù)刺猬獲得獎項(xiàng)，Allman四年前啟動保護(hù)項(xiàng)目，救援受傷刺猬，普及知識并籌款支持動物救助中心?！?8題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：該獎項(xiàng)頒給那些在他們的社區(qū)中做出改變的鼓舞人心的人們。根據(jù)句中make可知，句子使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，go與主語Theaward之間是主動關(guān)系，且主語Theaward是單數(shù)，謂語動詞使用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填goes?！?9題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：Allman的任務(wù)始于四年前，當(dāng)時(shí)他開始對花園里刺猬的數(shù)量感興趣?？仗幰龑?dǎo)限制性定語從句，描述fouryearsago這一時(shí)間發(fā)生的事件，關(guān)系詞在從句中作時(shí)間狀語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞when引導(dǎo)從句。故填when。【20題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：Allman還參觀了學(xué)校，向人們傳授刺猬的知識，并籌集資金支持動物救援中心。句中已有謂語visited和raised，空處作非謂語動詞，且Allman籌集資金是為了支持動物救援中心，空處應(yīng)用動詞不定式形式作目的狀語。故填tosupport。第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié),38分）第一節(jié)（共14小題;每小題2分,共28分）【答案】21.B22.D23.B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了2024年哈佛冬季上海項(xiàng)目的相關(guān)信息?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ProgramStructure部分“Thissix-weekprogramincludestwocoursesonShanghai’sculturalhistoryandeconomicdevelopmentexperiences.Youstarteachweekwithtwodaysofseminars(研討會)designedtoletyouseeShanghaidifferently.(這個(gè)為期六周的課程包括兩門關(guān)于上海文化史和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展經(jīng)驗(yàn)的課程。你每周都會參加為期兩天的研討會，讓你以不同的方式看待上海)”可知，如果你參