突然損失發(fā)電機(jī)或線路：suddenlossofageneratorortransmissionline.

負(fù)荷突然增加或減少：suddenloadincreasesordecreases2N6H5@-k3s1f"h

短路和開關(guān)操作：shortcircuitsandswitchingoperations.

三相和對地短路：three-phaseandline-to-groundfaults

短路器：circuitbreaker

暫態(tài)過電壓和電流：transientovervoltagesandcurrents

雷擊：lightningstrikes

電涌放電器：surgearrester

相量：phasor，通常用復(fù)數(shù)phasors

瞬時功率：instantaneouspower;n7^;P1`5P

特別地：Inparticular,,T)Y0_"w7`/F6x0T

正弦電壓或電流：Asinusoidalvoltageorcurrentatconstantfrequency2d;`2o/_5d)X$f

;D3`)e&x+w:J;@2e

最大值：maximumvalue;uu5M$M:n6o'T1G(t

有效值：effectivevalue

平均值：averagevalue

-i!W6X!]6z]&F5T

坐標(biāo)系實(shí)軸：realaxis

坐標(biāo)系虛軸：imaginaryaxis/B-D&b:u5i6d.v5w;O

相量圖：phasordiagramfor…/n$b6_3_:?4D4?*M

'H(i[2d9c,V;}

無源元件：passiveelements

電阻、電感、電容、電抗：resistor,inductor,andcapacitor,reactance,;@)O+z/V1M*z&W

感性、容性：inductive,capacitive$M*Z#U#N$Z3D3t

有功功率：realpoweroractivepower

無功功率：reactivepower2z2^/d*i#t/w.t9o

功率因數(shù)：powerfactor

功率因數(shù)角：powerfactorangle8V5A.D5|"j:r/H(L-h

Asingle-phasesourcedelivers100kWtoaloadoperatingatapowerfactorof0.8lagging.

物理意義：Thephysicalsignificanceof…9?$k:x:H)T'i6pV

…與…同相位：…beinphasewith…j%y:c"C:p+K

Example：Forapurelyresistiveload,thecurrentintotheloadisinphasewiththeloadvoltage.

如式（2.1）所示：Asindicatedby(2.1),…4Q(i#G&y"N#F!b

…落后(超前)…多少相位：Thecurrentlags（leads）thevoltageby90.

正弦穩(wěn)態(tài)：sinusoidal-steady-state.D1h&X%H0P*t1V;~$_6N'x

讓a＝b，得到：Lettinga=bgives

1h3H9I"^7z5B

按照慣例（通常）：Byconvention,thepowerfactorcos(a-b)ispositive.

時間區(qū)間：atimeintervalT.Example:ThetotalenergyabsorbedbyaloadduringatimeintervalT.-Z;j%d1s6M1^'p4K:_

額定值：rating.例：額定功率－powerrating；發(fā)電機(jī)額定功率－powerratingofelectricgenerator；額定電壓：voltagerating.3C(sL9@+i,\5n)V

基爾霍夫電流（電壓）方程：Kirchhoff’scurrent(voltage)law。（P.48）

節(jié)點(diǎn)方程：nodalequations&h.p3u:I2F5L

導(dǎo)納矩陣：admittancematrix

有N個節(jié)點(diǎn)電壓構(gòu)成的列相量：columnvectorofNbusvoltages

對角元素：diagonalelements

非對角元：off-diagonalelements/~)u!\0G5m

自導(dǎo)納：self-admittance;driving-pointadmittance)H6nd5I2^q

互導(dǎo)納：mutualadmittance;transferadmittance$Y!G+f'[2m,e8o&m

美國8.14大停電：TheUSblackouton14August,2003

…對…將產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)影響：TheblackoutwillhavehugetechnicalandorganizationalconsequencesfortheUSpowerindustry.

當(dāng)?shù)貎H存的無功電源無法維持電壓：Theexistinglocalreactivepowersourceswerenotabletosupportthevoltages.0K&X/f$V0M1v'V)l

切除線路：trip(tripped)thelines.

Theisolatedpartsufferedfromlowvoltageandaseveredeficitofgeneration.

9P6y1_%E%l:L$[

電力系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定是指…：Powersystemstabilityreferstotheabilityofsynchronousmachinestomovefromonesteady-stateoperatingpointfollowingadisturbancetoanothersteady-stateoperatingpoint,withoutlosingsynchronism.

額定值：nominalvalues

故障類型：lossofgeneration,line-switchingoperations,faults,suddenloadchanges

EMS=EnergyManagementSystem/o/g-o2k-Y'V&gp:W

能量管理系統(tǒng)1u/Y&A%F8Z

DMS=DistributionManagementSystem

配電網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理系統(tǒng).]1c!K;o"j3C

SCADA=SupervisoryControlAndDataAcquisition監(jiān)管控制與數(shù)據(jù)采集（調(diào)度自動化系統(tǒng)）+P5o;?9O%g*~7|:p

(T2F9l&@&A6J-r

AGC=AutomaticGenerationControl

自動發(fā)電控制

LFC=LoadFrequencyControl*e1G#I5B*j)e'W

負(fù)荷頻率控制

EDC=EconomicloadDispatchingControl經(jīng)濟(jì)調(diào)度負(fù)荷控制9_+U4S*n7n(X-e

RTU=RemoteTerminalUnit

遠(yuǎn)程終端單元（遠(yuǎn)動分站）

MMI=MenMachineInterface0b8F-a/O+q7W1z

人機(jī)交互界面（在屏幕上進(jìn)行監(jiān)視與操作、控制）:s(i%}1C,a%L5F)v0l;z

CRT=CathodeRayType

陰極射線顯示（顯像管監(jiān)視器）7M*y2g%v:F5`!G0D/P

LC=LoadControl&k5P0h*K$H(J$]

負(fù)荷控制6S;L8|4^H8q;G1J

AM/FM=AutomatedMappingandFacilitiesManagement自動繪圖與設(shè)備管理

DSM=DemandSideManagement

armature:e"l#b7s"F't$^#v!@4c.o;i

電樞（電機(jī)的部件）+D,P,k+p8_$\&M)E(}/A

field2|3o8W0@,V3v6F

8M3b$\0L,{,]'H/L*g8|.j

場，范圍

polepair4v.X(b1Y*W8j2r.k

桿對,極對(f9z0_3l6E

mmf=MagneticMotiveForce/l4`:H-Q(S5U

磁動勢

quadrature0\3b8u!t3S9I5n*g!V

90度相移0v!n:|&d4o7j!{

directandquadratureaxes

d和q軸8j.]5B4y#N6Y#B

magneticcircuit

磁路

Perunitrepresentation

每個機(jī)組的表示法/d%p1w,l$[7?

Stator

定子,固定片

Rotor

轉(zhuǎn)子"p"@1}4K:y4c+?(v2C;i

fluxlinkage

磁鏈

torque)P"\1]8`*Y:q

4D+j1M3`4S:T9rm7w;a"r)e0O

轉(zhuǎn)矩!},i0l!c$j7h

phasorrepresentation

矢量表示法,:C!\4C"T%L1f#q5|9X0B

magneticsaturation;U%H;s3K-X

磁(性)飽和4I4B9h;K*Z4o

opencircuit

[電]斷路

swing8S*Q;b0m/}4`

擺動、搖擺7G:i#H*}8r-d*\(j:Y

inertia9m8@2s5t/M4m

慣性

constant

常數(shù)*r4n2c!A:V.["U,|

large-scale

大規(guī)模的8O3w6}9a6^.F([1N6o

amortisseur0J6y4bA#~7p#U.A5q+Y

阻尼器%o(s;\)w"@6y

reactive7r$U,Dt,@&S6p+e9_:[

電抗的'N#v&P#l5n/a*o/O,P+k

capability[.Kx;o,y8X0~

可能輸出功率

natural(@9N0L4j,@:|/U'`8x+|3J

+Y(f4v5z;E(o

固有的3^+J1?+?${6l#o*y'm9s"I

surge7L6|&I$P#q4y2o:h(c.m

沖花

transfer

傳遞,轉(zhuǎn)移:c!p2t&x*H:k&h$F0V8r

loadability6C3O4x-@6N-j3]5@7z

載荷能力,載荷率5A5^1fl,s1{%A"X-M)u5e

inductionmotor:O&Q7J,c-z/d#R.m!d(G)x4X

感應(yīng)電動機(jī)#nj$z4K2OC

steady-state

穩(wěn)態(tài).t#N5t*J8r9K"p6v

approach2C.\+x!G*X8W6P

.m7q:Z2L+d#A-L"A'F)Z

趨近,近似法)f"R1j.|&m-@

excitation

勵磁!C3m&L&J2y;L

underexcite/K#q;F$j%d3Z.f5v

欠勵磁,勵磁不足;n.z+P;F5s5V1s1R

limiter

限制器%m)[7Q9A/o+]+j*Z"S

overexcitation+w7x*I-p2~0h-H3p

過激勵,超激磁(Y'A:A7~8I,N

subtransient

次暫態(tài)

phase-shiftingtransformer(kq$]4\9N+B-x0R

移相變壓器7g;W,[.w/m9@

field-shorting2{+?0|6a%@'l$r

勵磁短路4U1K$g1l.^&n'I'i

primemover

原動機(jī)'Y'Q7D+k!o:w

energysupply

供電

hydraulicturbine

水輪機(jī)

governing

控制，管理，調(diào)節(jié)

turbine;q.}1k