PAGEPAGE1專題四任務(wù)型閱讀[江蘇高考任務(wù)型閱讀近五年考情統(tǒng)計(jì)]年份標(biāo)題文體詞數(shù)選項(xiàng)設(shè)置干脆信息題信息轉(zhuǎn)換題信息概括題2024TheCostofThinking說明文4342532024HowArtsPromoteOurEconomy說明文4652352024PopulationChange說明文4881362024AnExtensionoftheHumanBrain說明文4303342015無(wú)說明文411334[說明]干脆信息題：要求考生能快速地在文章中查找相關(guān)細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)，鎖定信息來源，并用文章中的詞填空；信息轉(zhuǎn)換題：要求考生依據(jù)已給句子查找并定位信息后，加工分析信息并轉(zhuǎn)換成另一種表達(dá)方式，達(dá)到組織信息的目的。常見的轉(zhuǎn)換方式有詞性轉(zhuǎn)換、句子結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換、另選他詞來釋義等；信息概括題：有兩種狀況：(1)要求考生能夠精確無(wú)誤地概括出文章的主題或行(欄)的標(biāo)題，考查考生概括與推斷的實(shí)力；(2)要求考生能夠依據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，對(duì)句群、段落和全文進(jìn)行合理的推斷與歸納，提煉出能夠代入表格中的詞匯。[命題分析]從上表可以看出，近五年任務(wù)型閱讀文章的體裁以說明文為主，詞數(shù)在400～500之間?？键c(diǎn)可以大致分為干脆信息題、信息轉(zhuǎn)換題和信息概括題三類。其中干脆信息題和信息轉(zhuǎn)換題屬于基礎(chǔ)題，兩者大約共占50%左右；信息概括題屬于提高題，難度大，占整個(gè)題目的50%左右。任務(wù)型閱讀是江蘇高考中難度最大的題，要想任務(wù)型閱讀得高分，考生必需具備極強(qiáng)的信息轉(zhuǎn)換和概括實(shí)力！因此在復(fù)習(xí)中，要留意以下幾點(diǎn)：1．留意對(duì)詞義和詞性轉(zhuǎn)化的積累，提高對(duì)固定搭配的敏感度。2．重視對(duì)句子、段落與文章之間的邏輯關(guān)系的剖析，多進(jìn)行概括總結(jié)題的訓(xùn)練。3．熟讀課文和歷年高考真題中的任務(wù)型閱讀、完形填空和閱讀理解的經(jīng)典篇目，培育對(duì)原汁原味文章深化理解的語(yǔ)感。任務(wù)型閱讀的讀文方式有多種，下面介紹一種既能提高解題速度又能提高讀文針對(duì)性的技巧，供大家在今后的解題中嘗試運(yùn)用。第一步：掃讀表格——把握表格結(jié)構(gòu)，理清層次關(guān)系掃讀表格，分析表格的設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)，理清其顯示的層次關(guān)系，初步了解文章的發(fā)展脈絡(luò)及大體內(nèi)容，同時(shí)，依據(jù)語(yǔ)法學(xué)問初步推斷空缺位置所需詞語(yǔ)的詞性變更及形式要求。建議先看表格，這樣我們就可以依據(jù)表格的內(nèi)容了解文章的大意和行文結(jié)構(gòu)。1．表格的一般結(jié)構(gòu)(1)全文的標(biāo)題：全文的標(biāo)題一般放在第一行，理解文章的標(biāo)題有助于把握全文的主旨大意，閱讀時(shí)要多加關(guān)注。(2)各段的大意：表格的左欄一般為文章各段的大意，利用表格與文章依次的一樣性有助于鎖定解題的信息區(qū)間。(3)對(duì)各段內(nèi)容的具體闡述：表格的右欄一般是對(duì)左欄各段大意的進(jìn)一步闡述，其中的表述一般為文章各段內(nèi)容的轉(zhuǎn)換和概括。2．閱讀表格時(shí)的關(guān)注點(diǎn)(1)要特殊留意表格前的小標(biāo)題，它通常就是段落和表格的主題句。讀懂了表格標(biāo)題有助于理解短文及表格的大意，了解表格結(jié)構(gòu)和題目的設(shè)置。(2)另外，要關(guān)注各段的大意，理解文章的結(jié)構(gòu)和層次關(guān)系，把握文章的脈絡(luò)和行文線索。其次步：略讀文章——速讀全文，把握大意，理清文章結(jié)構(gòu)理清表格結(jié)構(gòu)之后，結(jié)合表格框架結(jié)構(gòu)速讀全文，尤其是每段的第一句話，即topicsentence和首尾段落，理清文章的寫作思路和基本結(jié)構(gòu)，以便加深對(duì)文章內(nèi)容的了解。同時(shí)，文章的結(jié)構(gòu)往往也是很重要的設(shè)題線索，表格項(xiàng)目一般就是依據(jù)文章的結(jié)構(gòu)而設(shè)計(jì)的。只有讀懂了文章，才能順當(dāng)?shù)卦诒砀裰刑畛鱿鄳?yīng)的信息。一、不能丟分的2個(gè)基礎(chǔ)題型——干脆信息題和信息轉(zhuǎn)換題1．干脆信息題這類題目要求考生能快速在文章中查找相關(guān)細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)，鎖定信息來源，并用文章中的詞填空。解題時(shí)可采納下列步驟：[典例](2024·江蘇高考節(jié)選)[1]Despitetheirmanydifferences,allhumanbeingsshareseveraldefiningcharacteristics,suchaslargebrainsandtheabilitytowalkuprightontwolegs.Introduction●Largebrainsfortheirbodiesandtheabilitytowalkuprightaretwo(71)__▲__ofhumanbeings.分析：第一步：依據(jù)題干中的“l(fā)argebrainsandtheabilitytowalkuprightontwolegs”可以確定命題區(qū)間為第一段(即所節(jié)選的這一段)。其次步：依據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知，盡管有很多不同之處，但全部人都有幾個(gè)共同的特征，比如大腦袋和雙腿直立行走的實(shí)力。第三步：確定答案為characteristics。2．信息轉(zhuǎn)換題這類題型無(wú)法從原文中找到原詞或完全一樣的原句，這就須要我們對(duì)文章進(jìn)行加工或變通。這些變通大多與語(yǔ)法學(xué)問有關(guān)，也有些與短語(yǔ)搭配和固定句型有關(guān)。信息轉(zhuǎn)換題和干脆信息題一樣，首先要找到文中與表格中相對(duì)應(yīng)的信息。解題時(shí)可采納以下三個(gè)步驟：[典例](2024·江蘇高考節(jié)選)[8]Itiswrongtoassumeartsgroupscannotmakeaprofit.Butinordertostayinbusiness,artsgroupsmustproducereturns.Ifyouareastudentstudyingthearts,chancesareyouhavebeenill-advisedtohaveaplan B．Butthosewhotrulyunderstandtheeconomicimpactandcanworktochangethepatternscancreateawiderangeofcareerpossibilities.Withthese79statisticsinmind，artstudentsneednotworryabouttheircareerandhavean80▲plan.分析：第一步：題干中的“artstudents”與文章第八段中的“astudentstudyingthearts”意思相同，因此可以定位到這一段。其次步：依據(jù)這一段中的第三、四句“Ifyouareastudentstudyingthearts...changethepatternscancreateawiderangeofcareerpossibilities.”可以確定關(guān)鍵信息詞是awiderangeofcareerpossibilities。第三步：因?yàn)榭仗庬氁钜粋€(gè)修飾名詞plan的形容詞，所以用alternative。附：信息轉(zhuǎn)換常用詞句1．belongtotheclub＝amember/oneofthemembersoftheclub2．objectto＝beopposedto＝oppose3．don'trespondto...＝makenoresponseto...＝saynothinginresponseto...4．a(chǎn)ccompanysb.＝keepsb.company5．a(chǎn)ccuse...of...＝charge...with...6．can'thelp/choosebutdo...＝havenoalternative/choicebuttodo...7．a(chǎn)pplyto...＝makeanapplicationto...8．a(chǎn)napproachtodoing＝awaytodo/ofdoing9．a(chǎn)pproveof＝subscribeto＝beinfavorof＝support10．bebeneficialto＝beofbenefitto＝benefit11．beboredwith＝betiredof＝befedupwith12．dosth.withcaution＝dosth.cautiously13．It'slikelythat...＝Thechanceisthat.../Chancesarethat...＝Thereisachance(arechances)that...14．comparedto/with...＝incomparisonwith...15．congratulatesb.onsth.＝show/expresscongratulationstosb.onsth.16．a(chǎn)saresult＝inconsequence17．consistof＝bemadeupof＝becomposedof18．a(chǎn)greewith＝correspondwith/to＝beconsistentwith19．facesth.＝befacedwithsth.20．bemercifulto＝havemercyon＝showmercyto21．a(chǎn)little＝slightly22．thanksb.＝begratefultosb.23．drawnear＝bearoundthecorner24．occurtosb.＝strikesb.25．delay＝putoff＝postpone26．deliberately＝onpurpose＝bydesign27．looklikesb.＝resemblesb.28．makeasummaryof...＝summarize...29．besuperiorto＝bebetterthan30．tendtodo...＝haveatendencytodo...二、全力爭(zhēng)分的難點(diǎn)題型——信息概括題這類題目難度大、要求高、得分低，考生要在透徹理解文章的基礎(chǔ)上，依據(jù)文中相關(guān)信息綜合分析后提煉出新詞。此類題目主要分為兩種類型：(1)總結(jié)性詞匯。設(shè)題大多數(shù)狀況下是概括文章的標(biāo)題、段落大意、事務(wù)過程、文章的目的、文章的意義以及得出的結(jié)論等。解題關(guān)鍵eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(①找尋文章或段落的主旨句,②依據(jù)問題查找定位信息，找共性的東西))(2)歸納詞。有的題目在原文中可能找不到具體的信息句，這就要求我們首先要確定信息區(qū)域，然后對(duì)該區(qū)域進(jìn)行細(xì)致地分析歸納。解題關(guān)鍵eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(①概括性在最大程度上覆蓋欄內(nèi)信息,②針對(duì)性量體裁衣，大小適度,③醒目性簡(jiǎn)潔))[留意]信息概括題有時(shí)必需結(jié)合表格本身才能正確解答。[典例1](2024·江蘇高考節(jié)選)[3]Thefactisthatahugebrainisahugedrain—consumptionofenergy—onthebody.It'snoteasytocarryaround,especiallywhenboxedinsideamassiveskull(顱骨)．It'sevenhardertoprovideenergy.Inmodernman,thebrainaccountsforabout2－3%oftotalbodyweight，butitconsumes25%ofthebody'senergywhenthebodyisatrest.Bycomparison,thebrainsofapes(類人猿)requireonly8%ofrest-timeenergy.Earlyhumanspaidfortheirlargebrainsintwoways.Firstly,theyspentmoretimeinsearchoffood.Secondly,theirmusclesgrewsmallerandweaker.It'shardlyanobviousconclusionthatthisisagoodwaytosurvive.Achimpanzee(黑猩猩)can'twinanargumentwithamodernman,butitcantearthemanapartlikearagdoll.The(72)__▲__oflargehumanbrains●Thelargerbrainsmaynotbebetterbecauseofthecost.●Thebigbrainsmakeitharderforthebodytomovearoundandconsumemoreenergy.●Theanimalbrainrequiresless(73)__▲__whenthebodyisatrest.●Largehumanbrainsconsumemorefood,andweakenmuscles.分析：第一步：首先依據(jù)表格的特征可以看到左邊的內(nèi)容是對(duì)右邊內(nèi)容的總結(jié)，先做好(73)題有利于提高(72)題的正確率。依據(jù)(73)題題干中的“whenthebodyisatrest”可以定位到文章第三段(即所節(jié)選的這一段)。其次步：依據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知人類的大腦只占身體的2～3%，但是能量消耗卻占據(jù)25%，相比之下，類人猿休息的時(shí)候，大腦只需8%的能量。所以當(dāng)身體處于靜止?fàn)顟B(tài)時(shí)，動(dòng)物的大腦須要的能量更少。第三步：確定第(73)題答案是energy。然后依據(jù)表格右邊的內(nèi)容，特殊是“maynotbebetter,makeitharder,consumemorefood,weakenmuscles”等字眼，可知這是在闡述人類頭大帶來的弊端。第四步：確定答案為disadvantages。[典例2](2024·江蘇高考節(jié)選)[5]Yetwalkinguprighthasitsdisadvantage.Thebonestructureofourancestorsdevelopedformillionsofyearstosupportacreaturethatwalkedonallfoursandhadarelativelysmallhead.Adjustingtoanuprightpositionwasquiteachallenge,especiallywhentheboneshadtosupportanextra-largeskull.Humankindpaidforitsbroadvisionandskillfulhandswithbackachesandpainfulnecks.●Walkinguprightchallengesthehumanbonestructure,and (77)__▲___thesizeofbrains.分析：第一步：依據(jù)題干大意，特殊是“bonestructure”可定位到文章第五段(即所節(jié)選的這一段)。其次步：依據(jù)第五段的內(nèi)容可知直立行走有其缺點(diǎn)。我們祖先的骨骼結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)展了數(shù)百萬(wàn)年，用來支撐一種四肢著地行走、頭部相對(duì)較小的生物。調(diào)整到直立的姿態(tài)是一個(gè)相當(dāng)大的挑戰(zhàn)，特殊是當(dāng)骨頭必需支撐一個(gè)特殊大的頭骨時(shí)。所以說直立行走挑戰(zhàn)人體骨骼結(jié)構(gòu)，限制大腦的體積。第三步：確定答案為limits。附：信息概括常用詞1．緣由與結(jié)果：reason(for),result; cause(of),consequence2．異同點(diǎn)與優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)：difference,similarity;advantage,disadvantage3．功能：function4．觀點(diǎn)與看法：opinion,view(on/about),viewpoint,idea;attitude(to/towards)5．評(píng)論與評(píng)價(jià)：comment(on),remark(on/upon);assessment6．方式與方法：means,way,method(of);solution,approach(todoingsth.); (take)measures(todosth.)7．目的：purpose,aim,goal8．主動(dòng)與消極：positive;negative9．建議：advice,suggestion,tip10．概括與總結(jié)：summary,conclusion11．特點(diǎn)：feature,characteristic12．種類：kind,type,category,class13．精神上與身體上：mentally;physically14．影響：influence,impact,effect(on)15．情形，狀況：situation,condition16．方面與項(xiàng)目條款：aspect;item17．材料：materials18．學(xué)問與消息：knowledge;information19．日程安排：schedule,agenda20．百分比：percentage21．性別：sex22．年齡：age23．(不)熟識(shí)：(un)familiar24．個(gè)人，個(gè)人的：individual25．描述與細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)：description,detail26．文化：culture27．責(zé)任：(take)responsibility28．貢獻(xiàn)：(make)contributions(to)29．重要性：value,importance,significance30．比較：contrast,comparison31．時(shí)期：period,time32．存在：existence,exist33．人口：population34．天氣與氣候：weather;climate35．位置：location36．主題：theme,topic37．主題句：topicsentence38．支撐句與論據(jù)：supportingsentences;arguments39．總結(jié)句：concludingsentences40．提綱：outline41．背景：setting,background42．情節(jié)：plot43．高潮：climax44．結(jié)局：ending45．反對(duì)者與支持者：opponent;supporter46．指責(zé)家，評(píng)論家：critics47．擁護(hù)者：advocator48．調(diào)查與探討：survey;research49．參加者：participants50．調(diào)查的結(jié)果，發(fā)覺：findingsⅠ.完成下面表格，使左右欄意義一樣(限填一詞)1tellusthereasonforyourbeinglateforclasstelluswhyyouwerelateforclass2nothavingenoughspacelackofspace3havemercyonthepoorbemercifultothepoor4acitywhichhasmanygardensacitywithmanygardens5beopposedtotheplanobjecttotheplan6accusehimoflyingchargehimwithlying7drawnearbearoundthecorner8besidesinadditionto/aswellas9asValentine'sDayapproacheswithValentine'sDayapproaching10accompanylittleTomkeeplittleTomcompany11agroupmadeupof10pupilsagroupconsistingof10pupils12showcongratulationstoheronpassingtheexamcongratulateheronpassingtheexam13putforwardasuggestioncomeupwithasuggestion14haveconfidenceinoneselfbeconfidentofoneself15showconcernforbeconcernedabout16catertoone'sneedssatisfyone'sneeds17mostofthepeoplethemajorityofthepeople18approveofthemovebeinapproval_ofthemove19takeadvantageofmakeuseof20beaccusedofbecharged_withⅡ.同義句轉(zhuǎn)換(限填一詞)1．Hedidn'thesitatetojumpintothewatertosavethedrowninggirl.→Hehadnohesitationinjumpingintothewatertosavethedrowninggirl.2．Hewasnotwillingtohelpothers.→Hewasunwillingtohelpothers.3．Hequicklyaccustomedhimselftothisnewwayoflife.→Hequicklyadaptedhimselftothisnewwayoflife.4．Thechildwasnotpatientwithwhathismothersaid.→Thechildwasimpatientwithwhathismothersaid.5．Thisriveristhreetimesaslongasthatone.→Thisriveristhreetimeslongerthanthatone.6．Sometimes,inordertosucceed,wecan'tchoosebutfacefailurebravelyandlearnfromit.→Sometimes,inordertosucceed,wehavenoalternative/choicebuttofacefailurebravelyandlearnfromit.7．ThisisthebestbookthatIhaveread.→Ihaveneverreadabetterbookthanthisone.8．Itneverstruckmethatyoucouldsucceedinpersuadinghimtochangehismind.→Itneveroccurredtomethatyoucouldsucceedinpersuadinghimtochangehismind.9．Hedidn'tagreewiththemabouttheneedforchange.→Hedisagreedwiththemabouttheneedforchange.10．Tomakeiteasiertogetintouchwithus,you'dbetterkeepthiscardathand.→Tomakeiteasiertocontactus,you'dbetterkeepthiscardathand.11．Suchbehaviorsareconsiderednotappropriateinpublic.→Suchinappropriatebehaviorsarenotallowedinpublic.12．Ingeneralmenarenotawareofthisproblemaswomen.→Menshouldraisetheawarenessofthisproblemingeneral.13．Themoreoneknowsaboutpollution,themoreonecandoforourenvironment.→Oneshouldhaveagoodknowledgeofpollutiontocontributetotheenvironment.14．Keepingsilentcanactuallymakeyourangerlonger.→Keepingsilentmaynothelpandcanlengthenyouranger.15．Remembergymisnotyouronlychoice.→Youcantryotheractivitiesbesidesgoingtothegym.16．It'snecessarytomakeuseofeveryopportunitytopracticemore.→Weneedtotakeadvantageofeveryopportunitytopracticemore.17．Itisconcludedthattalkingonacellphonewhiledrivingisasdangerousasdrunkdriving.→Whatcanbeconcludedfromthestudyisthattheeffectsofusingacellphonewhiledrivingisequaltodrunkdriving.18．Allthepeopleherelikethenovel.ItiswrittenbyTom.→AllthepeopleherelikethenovelwrittenbyTom.19．Thosepeoplewhowishtojointhisclubshouldsignhere.→Thosepeoplewishingtojointhisclubshouldsignhere.20．Thepartywasorganizedandsheknewnothingaboutit.→Thepartywasorganizedwithoutherknowingaboutit.Ⅲ.依據(jù)材料和表格提示完成下列表格(限填一詞)1．Agreatnumberofdoctorssaythatfoodprogramsneedtopaymoreattentiontochildren,especiallythebabies.Itishightimethatchildren'sdietsshouldbeimproved.DietsshouldincludefoodsrichinvitaminAandotherusefulvitaminsandminerals.Thewaystosavechildren●Dietsshouldbeimproved.●Dietsshouldcontainfoodswithrichvitaminsandminerals.2．Withoutproperplanning,tourismcancauseproblems.Forexample,toomanytouristscancrowdpublicplaces.Iftouristscreatetoomuchtraffic,thelocalpeoplewillbecomeannoyedandunhappy.Theywillbegintodisliketouristsandtotreatthemimpolitely.Advantages●Developingeconomy●Advancingoflocalpeople●IncreasingemploymentDisadvantages●Bringingover-crowdedness●Increasingpressureontraffic●Affectingthelocalpeople'sattitude3．WiththenumberofChinesechildrenwhodiefromunexpectedaccidentsbecominglargerandlarger,thegovernmentisworkingonaSafeKidsProgramtopreventinjuriesanddeaths.Asforthis,mostparentshaveshowntheirsupport.Purpose/IntentionTheprogramisintendedtopreventaccidentalinjuriesanddeaths.4．Title:ChangeinToday'sChildrenMaincomparisonsContextsDifferent(1)behaviorsChildreninthepastjustdidwhattheyweresupposedtoChildrentodayactasiftheywereadultsDifferent(2)feelings/emotionsChildreninthepastneverexperienceddepressionSometimessadnesshappenstochildrentodayDifferent(3)ways/methodstogetknowledgeChildreninthepast:inagradualandguidedprocessChildrennowadays:bywatchingTVwithoutcontrol5.Hostfamilyaccommodationmeansthathoststreatthestudentsasafullmemberofthehousehold,eatingtogetherwiththestudentandsharingthecommonlivingareaswithhim.DefinitionHostfamilyaccommodationreferstoakindofaccommodationinwhichthestudentistreatedasafullmemberofthehostfamily,eatingtogetherandsharingthelivingareaswithhim.專題限時(shí)檢測(cè)(二十六)任務(wù)型閱讀(一)(限時(shí)24分鐘)A(2024·南京、鹽城一模)Astheconceptofemotionalintelligence(EI)hasgoneglobal,we'vewatchedprofessionalsfailastheytrytoimprovetheiremotionalintelligencebecausetheyeitherdon'tknowwheretofocustheireffortsortheyhaven'tunderstoodhowtoimprovetheseskillsonapracticallevel.Inourworkconsultingwithcompaniesandcoachingleaders,wehavefoundthatifyou'relookingtodevelopparticularEIstrengths,ithelpstoconsiderareasforimprovementothershaveidentifiedalongwiththegoalsyouwanttoachieve—andthentoactivelybuildhabitsinthoseareasratherthansimplyrelyingonunderstandingthemconceptually.Thefirststepistogetasenseofhowyourself-perception(howyouseeyourself)differsfromyourreputation(howothersseeyou)．Thisisespeciallytrueforthedevelopmentofemotionalintelligencebecausewecanbeblindtohowweexpressandreadtheemotionalcomponentsofourinteractions.Forexample,mostofusthinkthatwe'regoodlisteners,butveryoftenthat'sreallynotthecase.Withoutthisexternalrealitycheck,itwillbedifficultforyoutoidentifythewaysthatyouractionsaffectyourperformance.Gettingfeedbackfromotherscanalsoprovideproofofthenecessityofshiftingourbehaviorandmotivationtodoso.Togiveyouthebestsenseofwherethedifferencesliebetweenyourself-perceptionandreputation,youshouldusea360degreefeedbackassessmentthattakesintoaccountthemultiplefacetsofEI.Thekeyistofindonethatguaranteesconfidentialitytothosegivingyoufeedbackandthatisfocusedondevelopmentandnotonperformanceassessment.Secondly,whenyougetyourfeedbackfromanassessment,letthatinformwhatyouwanttoimprove.Butalsoconsiderwhatyourgoalsare.Whenitcomestocultivatingstrengthsinemotionalintelligence,you'reatahugedisadvantageifyou'reonlyinterestedbecauseotherssaidyoushouldbe.Youremotionalintelligenceissotiedupinyoursenseofselfthatbeingintrinsically(內(nèi)在地)motivatedtomaketheeffortmattersmorewhenchanginglongstandinghabitsthanitdoeswhensimplylearningaskill.Thatmeanstheareasthatyouchoosetoactivelyworkonshouldlieattheintersectionofthefeedbackyou'vegottenandtheareasthataremostimportanttoyourownaspirations(渴望)．UnderstandingtheimpactsofyourcurrentEIhabitsrelativetoyourgoalswillkeepyougoingoverthelonghaulasyoudotheworkofstrengtheningyouremotionalintelligence.Onceyou'vedeterminedwhichEIskillsyouwanttofocuson,identifyspecificactionsthatyou'lltake.Ifyou'reworkingonbecomingabetterlistener,forexample,youmightdecidethatwhenyou'reconversingwithsomeoneyou'lltakethetimetopause,listentowhattheyhavetosay,andcheckthatyouunderstandbeforeyoureply.Keepitspecific.Youshouldalsotakeeverynaturallyoccurringopportunitytopracticetheskillyou'redeveloping,nomatterhowsmall.Bystartingtochangeyourroutinereactions,you'llbewellonyourwaytofiguringouttheoldhabitsthataren'tservingyouwellandtransformingthemintonew,improvedonesthatdo.PassageoutlineSupportingdetailsIntroductionThoughgloballyacknowledged,EIstill(1)________professionals,fortheyaren'tawarehowtoimproveit.ApproachestostrengtheningEISpotthe(2)_______betweenself-perc-eptionandreputation·Withexternalrealitycheck,weare(3)_________ofunderstandingourinteractionsaccurately.·Weare(4)________tochangeourbehaviorbygettinganoutsidefeedback.·Weareexpectedto(5)_________howself-perceptiondiffersfromreputationinallaspects.Findoutwhat(6)______tous·Weshouldclearly(7)________ourgoalsandfocusoureffortonimprovingourselvesinsteadofjustlearningaskill.·(8)________theoutsidefeedbackwithourgoalscangiveussupportonthewaytostrengtheningourEI.Identifywhatchanges wewillmakeBe(9)_________abouttheactionsandtakeadvantageofeverypossibleopportunitytopracticeEIskills.Summary(10)________uselessoldhabitsanddevelopnewonesinareasforimprovementothershaveidentifiedwithyourowngoalstostrengthenyourEI.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文主要講解并描述了提高情商的方法。1．confuses/puzzles依據(jù)第一段第一句可知隨著情商(EI)的概念已經(jīng)全球化，我們已經(jīng)看到一些專業(yè)人士在試圖提高自己的情商時(shí)失敗了，情商讓他們很困惑，不知道該怎么提高。2．differences依據(jù)文章其次段的內(nèi)容“Thefirststepistogetasenseofhowyourself-perception(howyouseeyourself)differsfromyourreputation(howothersseeyou)．”可知，第一步要弄清自我認(rèn)知和聲譽(yù)之間的不同之處，故將differ轉(zhuǎn)變成differences。3．capable依據(jù)第三段的第三句“Withoutthisexternalrealitycheck,itwillbedifficultforyoutoidentifythewaysthatyouractionsaffectyourperformance.”可知，假如沒有這種外界的檢驗(yàn)，你就很難確定你的行為會(huì)如何影響你的表現(xiàn)。有了這種檢驗(yàn)，我們就能夠精確理解我們的內(nèi)在行為了。becapableofdoingsth.“能夠做某件事”，固定搭配。4．motivated依據(jù)第三段最終一句“Gettingfeedbackfromotherscanalsoprovideproofofthenecessityofshiftingourbehaviorandmotivationtodoso.”可知，從別人那里得到反饋也可以證明我們有必要變更我們的行為和動(dòng)機(jī)。motivation轉(zhuǎn)化成motivated。5．a(chǎn)ssess該題是第四段第一句“...youshouldusea360degreefeedbackassessmentthattakesintoaccountthemultiplefacetsofEI.”的信息轉(zhuǎn)換，故將assessment轉(zhuǎn)化成assess。6．matters/counts依據(jù)第五段最終一句“Youremotionalintelligenceissotiedupinyoursenseofselfthatbeingintrinsically(內(nèi)在地)motivatedtomaketheeffortmattersmorewhenchanginglongstandinghabitsthanitdoeswhensimplylearningaskill.”可知，要變更一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期的習(xí)慣，內(nèi)在的動(dòng)力要比學(xué)習(xí)一項(xiàng)技能要重要很多。所以要提高情商，我們必需搞清晰什么才是最重要的。7．recognize/know/identify依據(jù)第五段第一句“whenyougetyourfeedbackfromanassessment,letthatinformwhatyouwanttoimprove.Butalsoconsiderwhatyourgoalsare.”可知，當(dāng)你從評(píng)估中得到反饋時(shí)，讓它告知你想要改進(jìn)什么。但也要考慮你的目標(biāo)是什么。所以要知道自己的目標(biāo)。8．Combining依據(jù)第六段第一句“Thatmeanstheareasthatyouchoosetoactivelyworkonshouldlieattheintersectionofthefeedbackyou'vegottenandtheareasthataremostimportanttoyourownaspirations(渴望)．”可知，這意味著你選擇主動(dòng)工作的領(lǐng)域應(yīng)當(dāng)處于你得到的反饋和對(duì)你自己認(rèn)為最重要的領(lǐng)域的交叉點(diǎn)上。因此，要把外部反饋和自我目標(biāo)相結(jié)合，故答案是combining。9．specific/clear/explicit依據(jù)第七段第一句“Onceyou'vedeterminedwhichEIskillsyouwanttofocuson,identifyspecificactionsthatyou'lltake.”可知，一旦你確定了你想專注于哪些EI技能，你就要確定你將實(shí)行的具體行動(dòng)。關(guān)注到文本中的specific即可。10．Remove/Abandon/Quit依據(jù)最終一段的內(nèi)容可知通過起先變更你的日常反應(yīng)，你將會(huì)有可能發(fā)覺那些對(duì)你無(wú)益的舊習(xí)慣，并將它們轉(zhuǎn)化為新的、改進(jìn)過的習(xí)慣。因此要去除無(wú)用的舊習(xí)慣。B(2024·鎮(zhèn)江一模)DecodingtheyoungbrainTherewasafunnyexperimenttoseehowayoungchildwouldansweraspecificquestioncomparedtoanadult.Aftertheadulthadspentsometimespeakingwiththechild,heaskedthechild,“Whatdoyouthinkaboutme？”Thechildanswered,“Youtalktoomuch.”Whentheadultperformedthesameexperimentwithanotheradult,thereplytothesamequestionwas,“Ithinkyou'reaveryinterestingperson.”Eveniftheadultfeltthesamewayasthechild,hisbrainallowedhimtotakeamoment，considerthequestion,andcomeupwithananswer.Hecouldhavebeenannoyed,buthisanswerdidn'treflectitbecausehewasbeingpolite.Thesecretliesinthescienceofthedevelopingbrain.Thechild'shonestanswerwasreflectedinthefactthathisbrainwasn'tequippedtofilter(過濾)informationbeforeansweringthequestion.Asaresult,hewashonest,buthesaidsomethingthatmayhavebeenhurtful.However,thechilddidnotintentionallyhurttheadult;it'sjustthewayhisbrainworks.Asachildgrowsintoadolescenceandthenintoadulthood,thatchanges.Thehumanbrainismadeupofbillionsofneurons(神經(jīng)元)．Inorderforourbodytoexecuteacommand,likegettingupfromachairandwalkingtotheotherroom,theneuronsinthebrainhavetocommunicatewitheachother.Theyalsohelpusemployoursensesliketasteandtouchandhelpusrememberthings.Whentheneuronssendmessages,perhapsonesensation(感覺)thepersonfeelsisexcitementabouteatingacookiebecauseitissodelicious.Later,ifthatpersonsmellsacookieorhearssomeonetalkingaboutacookie,itcansparktheelectricalsignalsthatcallupthememoryofeatingthedeliciouscookie.Inanadult,heorshemayrememberthateatingtoomanycookiescanhaveconsequences,likeweightgain.Butbecausetheyoungerbrainismoreimpulsive(沖動(dòng)的),thedesiretofeelthepleasureofthesweettreatoutweighstheconsequences.Thatisbecausewhenachildisyoung,hisbrainis“wired”insuchawaythatheseekspleasureandismorewillingtotakerisksthananadult.Thisaffectshisdecision-makingprocessanditiswhyyoungerpeopletendtobemoreimpulsive.Sometimesparentshavetotelltheirchildrenoverandoveragainbeforethechildremembersthatsomethingisdangerousorrisky.Howmanytimeshaveweheardaparentsay,“Itellherthisallthetime,butsheneverlistens！”Toconclude,whatweknowabouttheyoungbrainisthatchildrenaremorelikelythanadultstobeimpulsive.Itisn'talwaysnecessarilybecausetheyarebeingnaughty;itmayverywellbebecauseoftheirbrains.Sothenexttimeyouaskachildwhathereallythinksofyou,bepreparedforanykindofanswer.DecodingtheyoungbrainAnexperimentonayoungchildAyoungchildansweredthequestion(1)________thetopofhisheadwhileanadultpaused,and(2)________twicebeforehefoundananswer.Causesofthe(3)______reflected intheexperimentThedevelopingbrainoftheyoungchildcontributedtohishonestanswer.·Hewasmorelikelytohurtoroffendothers(4)________hedidn'tintendtodoso.·It'sjustthewayhisbrainworksandwithhimgrowingup,thatchanges.Billionsofneurons(5)________upthehumanbrainhavetheirownmechanismforfunctioning.·Theneuronshavetocommunicatewitheachother,helpingusemployoursensesandrememberthings.·Apersonmay(6)________thesmellofacookiewiththememoryofeatingit.·Ayoungerbrainismoreimpulsivecomparedwithanadult's.Ayoungchild'shavinganatural(7)______toseekpleasureandtakerisksresultsfromhisyoungbrain.·Thisaffectshisdecision-makingprocessanditiswhyyoungerpeopleactinanimpulsiveway.·Warnedmanytimesbefore,ayoungchildwillstilltrysomething(8)________orrisky.AconclusiondrawnfromtheexperimentAnadult'sabilitytocontrolhisimpulsesismuch(9)________andayoungchildisnot(10)________beingnaughtywhentheymakehurtfuloroffensiveanswers.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文主要解碼了年輕的大腦為什么回答問題會(huì)毫不猶豫，是因?yàn)樗麄兊拇竽X更簡(jiǎn)單沖動(dòng)。1．offoffthetopofone'shead“毫不猶豫”，固定短語(yǔ)。2．thoughtthinktwice細(xì)致考慮，三思而后行。3．phenomenon試驗(yàn)中這種現(xiàn)象產(chǎn)生的緣由。4．a(chǎn)lthough/though他很有可能會(huì)損害到別人，盡管他自己不想這樣做。依據(jù)句子的邏輯關(guān)系可知用though或者although，表示讓步。5．making依據(jù)第三段第一句“Thehumanbrainismadeupofbillionsofneurons(神經(jīng)元)．”，可知答案為ismadeupof的轉(zhuǎn)換，此處作定語(yǔ)，故填making。6．a(chǎn)ssociate依據(jù)第四段其次句“Later,ifthatpersonsmellsacookieorhearssomeonetalkingaboutacookie,itcansparktheelectricalsignalsthatcallupthememoryofeatingthedeliciouscookie.”可知，一個(gè)人聞到甜餅的味道會(huì)聯(lián)想到吃甜點(diǎn)的記憶。associate...with...“把……和……聯(lián)系起來”。7．tendency依據(jù)第四段最終一句“Butbecausetheyoungerbrainismoreimpulsive(沖動(dòng)的),thedesiretofeelthepleasureofthesweettreatoutweighstheconsequences.”可知，年輕孩子的大腦更簡(jiǎn)單沖動(dòng)，所以他們更有可能冒險(xiǎn)去體驗(yàn)甜餅的味道。tendency可能性。8．dangerous依據(jù)第五段第三句“Sometimesparentshavetotelltheirchildrenoverandoveragain...isdangerousorrisky.”可知，盡管被一再的警告，孩子還是會(huì)接觸危急的事物。9．stronger/greater依據(jù)最終一段第一句“childrenaremorelikely thanadultstobeimpulsive”可知，孩子更加簡(jiǎn)單沖動(dòng)，也就是大人的大腦抑制沖動(dòng)實(shí)力更好更強(qiáng)。10．necessarily依據(jù)最終一段其次句“Itisn'talwaysnecessarilybecausetheyarebeingnaughty”，可知答案。專題限時(shí)檢測(cè)(二十七)任務(wù)型閱讀(二)(限時(shí)24分鐘)A(2024·蘇州一模)PublicSpeakingPublicspeakingcanbedefinedastheactofmakingaspeechinfrontofagroupoflisteners.Comparedwithconversation,usuallypublicspeakingismoreofa“one-way”talking.Therearethreetypesofpublicspeaking.Aninformativespeechhasapurposetoinform,orgiveknowledgetoitsaudienceaboutsomethingthattheyprobablydidnotknowofbefore.Theimportantthingtowatchaboutisnottoputintoomuchinformation.Besides,thespeakerwouldtrytochangethemindset,perception,orbehavioroftheaudiencefortheirowngood.Thespeakerneedstolookforcommongroundwiththeaudienceandtrytorelatetowhattheymightagreeon.Third,andthelasttypeisaceremonialspeech.Ittendstobelessformalandmorepersonalthantheothertypesofspeeches.Nomatterhowwellyouknowthepersonyouaregivingspeechabout,trynottosaybadthingsaboutthem,evenifitismeanttobeajoke.Thekeyofperfectinganythingisthroughpractice,includingpublicspeaking.Asidefromit,aspeakeristoknowwhotheaudiencewillbe.Trytogetasmuchinformationaspossibleregardingthisparticulararea.Knowingthe“battlefield”inadvancewillgivethespeakersahugeadvantage.Theywouldbeabletoplanbeforehand,forexample,wheretheywanttostand,andhowtheyaregoingtofacetheaudience.Last,asismentionedabove,practiceisnecessary.Sparingsometimetopracticewillhelpbuildconfidenceandhelpdeterminehowlongthepresentationwilllast.Languageisthemainaspectaspeakerneedstopayattentiontowhilegivingaspeech.Itneedstobeusedclearly.Aspeakerneedstochoosetheirwordscarefullyandmakeitcleartotheaudiencewhattheymeanbyit.Often,whengivenaspeech,theaudienceslookuptothespeakertogivethemsomethingnewanduseful.Thus,thespeakerneedstoknowhowtodelivertheirspeechtofulfilltheaudiences'expectation.Languageanddeliveryalonewillnotbesufficientifthespeakerdoesnothavethebodyl