DiscoverUsefulStructuresUnit1ARTII.WritedownthewordaccordingtotheChinese.

41.

__________

/?p??m?n?nt/ adj.永久的；永恒的；長久的42.

___________

/m??m??ri?l/ n.紀(jì)念碑(或像等)；紀(jì)念物；紀(jì)

念品

adj.紀(jì)念的；悼念的43.

__________

/?h?mbl/ adj.謙遜的；虛心的；卑微的44.

__________

[NAmE-ize]/?kr?t?sa?z/vi.&vt.批評(píng)；指責(zé)；評(píng)價(jià)45.__________

/?kr?t?s?z?m/

n.批評(píng)；指責(zé)；評(píng)論permanentmemorial

humble

criticise

criticismWatchavideoImpressionismisanimportantstyleinWesternart.Itsaimistocapturetheessenceofamomentthroughlightandcolor.

VincentvanGoghisoutstandinginthisartmovement.Hispaintingsarefulloflight,shadow,colour,andlife.TheStarryNightandSunflowersareamonghismostfamousworks.Hispurposeistoconveyhowheseestheworld.Ourdutyistokeeptheartisticlightinourheartandmaintainourlovefortheworld.howheseestheworld.theartisticlightinourheartandmaintainourlovefortheworld.Thefunctionistogiveusmore____________about

thesubject.Activity1:Identifythefunctionoftheunderlinedparts.Predicative(表語)n.phr.adj.phr.adj.prep.Phr.Itsaiminformationtheessenceofamomenttoconveytocapture

HispurposeisisOurdutyistokeepBasicform:linkingverbtodo+Itsaimistocapturetheessenceofamoment.Hispurposeistoconveyhowheseestheworld.Ourdutyistokeeptheartisticlightinourheartand...III.Identifythefunctionoftheunderlinedparts.1.Itishard

togive

aprecisedefinition.2.Perhapsthebestway

tounderstand

WesternartistolookatthedevelopmentofWesternpaintingoverthecenturies.3.DuringtheMiddleAges,thepurposeofWesternartwastoteachpeopleaboutChristianity.4....themaincharacterswereoftenmademuchlargerthaneveryoneelse

toshow

theirimportance.5.Hesoughttoshow

notjusttheouterimageofhissubjects,buttheirinnerwarmthandhumanityaswell.6.Whattheyattemptedtodo

wasnolongershowreality,butinstead

toaskthequestion,“Whatisart?”Summary：1.動(dòng)詞不定式可以充當(dāng)哪些句子成分？充當(dāng)成

分主語謂語表語賓語

定語狀語賓補(bǔ)todo

subject主語attribute定語predicative表語predicative表語adverbial狀語object賓語object賓語predicative表語√√√√√√2.

不定式的基本結(jié)構(gòu)

基本形式：to+動(dòng)詞原形其否定形式是:

not/nevertodo.注意：不定式?jīng)]有人稱和數(shù)的變化?；窘Y(jié)構(gòu)主動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)一般式

進(jìn)行式

完成式

todo

tobedone

tobedoing

tohavedone

tohavebeendoneIV.ObserveandDiscover.1.Perhapsthebest_____tounderstandWesternartistolookatthedevelopmentofWesternpaintingoverthecenturies.2.DuringtheMiddleAges,the_______ofWesternartwastoteachpeopleaboutChristianity.3.Inthiswork,Monet’s_________wastoconveythelightandmovementinthescene...4.___________________________wasnolongershowreality,butinsteadtoaskthequestion,“Whatisart?”waypurposeaimWhattheyattemptedtodoSummary

(1)結(jié)構(gòu):動(dòng)詞不定式可以放在be和become,sound,taste等__________后面作表語，由“to+動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成。(2)Tip1：主語是以____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________等為中心的名詞詞組時(shí)，或者以____________________表示時(shí)，一般用動(dòng)詞不定式作表語說明主語的內(nèi)容。有時(shí)，根據(jù)表達(dá)的需要，在作表語的不定式前，還可添加疑問代詞或疑問副詞，包括what,who,how,when,where等。例如：Theproblemwashowtobegin.problem,task,wish,aim,suggestion,duty,hope,idea,intention,plan,purpose,waydifficulty,experience,job,method,what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句系動(dòng)詞5.Allhewantedwas_______________.他只想一個(gè)人待著。6.TheleastIcandotohelpis________________.我所能幫的最起碼的事是借給她一輛車。Tip2：當(dāng)主語包含定語從句且其先行詞為代詞_______或者主語被___________________或形容詞________修飾時(shí)，其后可接“系動(dòng)詞+不定式”作句子的表語。7.Theregulationsare__________________.=Theregulationsmustbeobserved.8.Youare_______________.=Youshouldberewarded.Tip3：動(dòng)詞不定式作表語可用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)，相當(dāng)于___________________________________，具有情態(tài)意義。tobeleftalonetolendheracarallonly,first,one,least最高級(jí)tobeobservedtoberewardedcan/could,should,oughtto,must9.Youmustbepatientandpersistentifyouare___________.(愿望)

如果你想成功，你必須有耐心和恒心。10.Youare_________aface-to-facetalkwiththem.(勸告)

你必須得和他們進(jìn)行一次面對(duì)面的談話。Tip4：動(dòng)詞不定式作表語可表示“____________________________________________________”等。11.Whois___________________thefire?

誰應(yīng)為這場(chǎng)大火承擔(dān)責(zé)任？12.Thehouseis________________. 此房出租。Tip5：某些動(dòng)詞不定式(短語)作表語時(shí)，需用主動(dòng)形式表示__________。

意愿、禁止、預(yù)期的結(jié)果tosucceedtohave同意、安排、命令、決定、勸告、愿望、toblamefortorent被動(dòng)意義11.Allweneedtodois___________(live)eachdaywithhope.12.Whattheyattemptedtodowas_________(draw)publicattention.13.Intheeveningtheonlythinghedidwas__________(read)thenewspaper.Tip6：動(dòng)詞不定式(短語)作表語時(shí)，一般情況下不定式符號(hào)to不能省略，但當(dāng)主句主語部分含有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞do的某種形式時(shí)，可省略作表語的動(dòng)詞不定式（短語）里的不定式符號(hào)to.drawlivereadTip7：動(dòng)詞不定式作表語和v-ing作表語的區(qū)別(1)動(dòng)詞不定式和v-ing作表語時(shí)，要注意與句子的主語在形式上保持一致,即若句子的主語為v-ing，則表語也應(yīng)使用v-ing；若主語為動(dòng)詞不定式，則表語也應(yīng)使用動(dòng)詞不定式。

Toseeistobelieve.=Seeingisbelieving.(2)動(dòng)詞不定式和v-ing作表語時(shí)可換用，但以下情況除外:當(dāng)動(dòng)詞所表達(dá)的是某一特定的行為，尤其是將來的行為或有待于實(shí)現(xiàn)的行為時(shí)，通常用動(dòng)詞不定式作表語。

Herbestwishistoputhernewideasintopractice.(3)若動(dòng)詞所表達(dá)的并不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作，而是表示主語的內(nèi)容，則通常用v-ing作表語。

Myfavoritesportisswimming.WhatIhatemostisbeinglaughedat.即學(xué)即練Ⅱ.翻譯句子1.對(duì)敵人仁慈就是對(duì)人民殘酷。___________________________________________________2.我的主要目的是指出這件事的困難。

___________________________________________________3.我建議推遲會(huì)議。

__________________________________________________________Tobekindtotheenemyistobecrueltothepeople.Mychiefpurposeistopointoutthedifficultiesofthematter.WhatIwouldsuggestistoputoffthemeeting.Thequestionansweredbyartistsiswhattodowhenweareinconfusion.Activity2:Observethesentencesonthebookmarksandconcludetheformsofinfinitive.Thedeepervalueoftheartistobefound.Thedutyoftrueartisnottoeducate,buttoenlighten.Theroleoftrueartisnottoportray,buttoinspire.Thechallengethatartfacesiswheretohead.Thefurthermeaningoftheartistobeexplored.Thedutyoftrueartisnottoeducate,buttoenlighten.Activity2:Observethesentencesonthebookmarksandconcludetheforms.betodo/benottodoTheroleoftrueartisnottoportray,buttoinspire.Thedeepervalueoftheartistobefound.Thefurthermeaningoftheartistobeexplored.Thequestionansweredbyartistsiswhattodowhenweareinconfusion.Thechallengethatartfacesiswheretohead.betobedonenottoportraytoinspirenottoeducatetoenlightentobefoundtobeexploredwheretoheadwhattodobewhere/what/how…todoActivity2:Observethesentencesonthebookmarksandconcludetheforms.a.anabstractnounindicatingfutureaction

Whentouse:c.sth.uncertainb.sth.thatshouldbedoneWhenthesubjectisbe

todo/benottodo

Whattouse:Differentforms:bewhere/what/how…todobetobedoneMatchthesentencehalvesandunderlinethenounsorclausesusedasthesubjectineachsentence.1Theyoungsinger’sintentionofperformingthesongwas2Thebestwaytodobusinessis3WhatthesurvivorsattemptedtodowasA.tobuildtrustbetweenyouandyourclient.Btoachievepermanentpeacebetweentheirtwocountries.C.tobuildamemorialtotheheroeswhosavedtheirlives.D.tosharehisloveforrockmusicwithhisfans.adj.永久的;長久的adj.紀(jì)念的n.紀(jì)念碑;紀(jì)念品24Themainpurposeofarteducationinschoolsis5Theaimofthetwoleadersattheconferencewas6Forahumbleperson,oneofthehardestthingsmightbe7Whenyouarefacedwithaseriousdecision,mysuggestionis8Themother’swishis9AllhewantedafteratiringdaywasBtoachievepermanentpeacebetweentheirtwocountries.E.tobeleftalone.F.tocriticise

otherpeople.G.toinspirestudentstobecreative.H.tolistentoyourowninnervoice.I.toraisehersontobecomeamanwithanoblemindandagenerousheart.v.批評(píng);評(píng)價(jià)adj.謙遜的;虛心的Activity3:Appreciatethepaintingsandtellwhattheyare.LiangpingWoodblockPrints（梁平版畫）The

waytocreatethepaintingis

but

.Q.What

kindofpaintingsarethey?nottouseabrushtouseawoodblockHowaretheycreated?

LiangpingprintmakingisatraditionalfolkartforminLiangpingDistrict,Chongqing,China,withauniqueartisticstyleandculturalconnotation.ItoriginatedfromtheMingandQingDynastiesandhasalonghistory.Usinglocallifescenes,folkcustoms,andnaturalsceneryasthemes,itiscreatedthroughtechniquessuchaswoodcutandwatermark.Liangpingprintmakingischaracterizedbysimpleandsmoothlines,brightandvividcolors,andabalancedcomposition,fullofstronglocalcharacteristicsandaflavoroflife.Itsworksarerichanddiverseincontent,coveringfigures,animals,landscapes,etc.,vividlyshowingthesocialfeaturesandpeople'slivingconditionsintheLiangpingarea.Liangpingprintmakingisnotonlyanartisticformbutalsoanimportantcarrierforlocalpeopletoinheritandpromotetraditionalculture,occupyinganimportantpositioninthelocalculturallife.

梁平版畫是中國重慶市梁平區(qū)的一種傳統(tǒng)民間藝術(shù)形式，具有獨(dú)特的藝術(shù)風(fēng)格和文化內(nèi)涵。梁平版畫起源于明清時(shí)期，歷史悠久。它以當(dāng)?shù)氐纳顖?chǎng)景、民俗風(fēng)情、自然風(fēng)光等為題材，通過木刻、水印等技法制作而成。梁平版畫的特點(diǎn)是線條簡(jiǎn)潔流暢、色彩鮮艷明快、構(gòu)圖飽滿均衡，具有濃郁的地方特色和生活氣息。其作品內(nèi)容豐富多樣，涵蓋了人物、動(dòng)物、風(fēng)景等多個(gè)方面，生動(dòng)地展現(xiàn)了梁平地區(qū)的社會(huì)風(fēng)貌和人民的生活狀態(tài)。梁平版畫不僅是一種藝術(shù)形式，也是當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣駛鞒泻秃霌P(yáng)傳統(tǒng)文化的重要載體，在當(dāng)?shù)氐奈幕钪姓加兄匾匚?。What’sthepurposeoftheartform?What’sthechallengeofcreatingLiangpingwoodblockprints?

WhatistheproblemLiangpingwoodblockprintsface?Whatshouldbedone?Activity4:ReadthekeyinformationaboutLiangpingwoodblockprintsandanswerthequestions.What’sthepurposeoftheartform?Thepurposeis

.What’sthechallengeofcreatingLiangpingwoodblockprints?Thechallengeis

.WhatistheproblemLiangpingwoodblockprintsface?Theproblemis

.Liangping

WoodblockPrints

（梁平版畫）toexpressourwishesforanewyeartoaccuratelycommandthestrength

howtogainpopularityamongtheyounggenerationTheLiangpingwoodblockprintsare______________(protect)and

______________(promote).tobeprotected(tobe)promotedLiangping

WoodblockPrints（梁平版畫）Whatshouldbedone?Activity5:Thinkfurtherandanswerthequestionusinginfinitivesaspredicative.WhatcanwedoforLiangpingWoodblockPrints?OurplanOurdreamOurtaskOursuggestionOurdutyOurhopeOurexpectation…makecreatestudyspreadarouseprotectincrease…istoOurplanincreaseourbasicknowledgeoftraditionalChineseart.Eg.Liangping

WoodblockPrintsActivity6:Appreciatethevideoclipandwritesubtitlesforitingroups.Requirements:Structure:Length:about6sentencesLanguage:usingsentenceswith3-4infinitivesaspredicative3members3membersTips:Writeontheposter.Practicedubbing

(配音)ingroups.Selectadubber.(purpose/problem/challenge…)(ourduty/hope/expectation…)Li