車輛制動裝置VehicleBrakingDevice任務(wù)六120型控制閥MISSION6120CONTROLVALVEZHENGZHOURAILWAYVOCATIONAL&TECHNICALCOLLEGE主講人李西安SpeakerLiXi’an常用制動位

ServiceBrakeApplicationPosition（四）司機施行制動管常用制動減壓，制動管的減壓速度遠遠大于副風(fēng)缸向制動管的逆流速度，副風(fēng)缸壓縮空氣來不及向制動管逆流，主活塞兩側(cè)形成了一定的壓力差，此壓力差能克服主活塞、節(jié)制閥的自重及移動阻力、穩(wěn)定彈簧的阻力時，主活塞先帶動節(jié)制閥上移，然后帶動滑閥上移，先后產(chǎn)生第一、第二階段局部減壓和常用制動作用。Whenthetrainisdeceleratingorpreparingtostopatastation,thedriverappliesthebrakepipe’saservicebrakeapplicationreduction.Thereductionspeedofthebrakepipeismuchgreaterthanthereverseflowspeedofthecompressedairfromtheauxiliaryreservoirthroughthef1,l4orificeandthel1orificeoftheslidevalveseattowardsthebrakepipe.Thecompressedairfromtheauxiliaryreservoircannotflowbacktothebrakepipeintime,resultinginapressuredifferenceonbothsidesofthemainpiston.Thispressuredifferencecanovercometheweightofthemainpiston,theresistanceoftheregulatingvalve,theresistanceofthestablespring,causethemainpistontomoveupwards,therebydrivingtheregulatingvalveandtheslidevalvetomoveupwardssuccessively,resultinginthefirstandsecondstagelocalpressurereductionandcommonlyusedbraking.常用制動位ServiceBrakeApplicationPosition（四）常用制動位ServiceBrakeApplicationPosition（四）當主活塞兩側(cè)形成的壓力差克服主活塞、節(jié)制閥的自重及移動阻力、穩(wěn)定彈簧的阻力時，主活塞首先壓縮穩(wěn)定彈簧，帶動節(jié)制閥向上移動6mm（滑閥游間），至主活塞桿下肩與滑閥接觸時止，由于滑閥與滑閥座之間的靜摩擦力大于壓縮穩(wěn)定彈簧所需的力，滑閥暫時不動。節(jié)制閥沿滑閥背面向上移動后連通和關(guān)閉如下通路：Whenthepressuredifferenceformedonbothsidesofthemainpistonovercomestheweightofthemainpiston,theresistanceoftheregulatingvalveandtheresistanceofthestablespring,themainpistoncompressesthestablespringanddrivestheregulatingvalvetomoveupwardby6mm(theslidevalveclearance)untilthelowershoulderofthemainpistonrodcontactstheslidevalve.Duetothestaticfrictionbetweentheslidevalveandtheslidevalveseatbeinggreaterthantheforcerequiredtocompressthestablespring,theslidevalvetemporarilydoesnotmove.Theregulatingvalve,aftermovingupwardalongthebackoftheslidevalve,connectsandclosesthefollowingpassages:1．第一階段局部減壓1.Firststagelocalpressurereduction:常用制動位

ServiceBrakeApplicationPosition（四）節(jié)制閥關(guān)閉滑閥背面的f1和f2孔，副風(fēng)缸壓縮空氣停止向制動管逆流，切斷了副風(fēng)缸與加速緩解風(fēng)缸的通路。Theregulatingvalveclosesthef1andf2holesonthebackoftheslidevalve,stoppingthecompressedairfromtheauxiliaryreservoirfromflowingbacktothebrakepipeandcuttingoffthepassagebetweentheauxiliaryreservoirandtheaccelerationandreleasecylinder.節(jié)制閥開放了滑閥背面的f3孔，滑閥室F1的副風(fēng)缸壓縮空氣充入該孔，作好了副風(fēng)缸向制動缸充氣的準備。Theregulatingvalveopensthef3holeonthebackoftheslidevalve,allowingthecompressedairfromtheauxiliaryreservoirintheF1sideoftheslidevalvetoenterthishole,preparingforinflatingtheauxiliaryreservoir.節(jié)制閥底面的局減聯(lián)絡(luò)槽l6連通了滑閥背面的l5和ju1孔，使在充氣緩解位已經(jīng)局部連通的l2與l5、ju1與ju2兩條通路經(jīng)局減聯(lián)絡(luò)槽l6連通起來。制動管壓縮空氣→滑閥座l2孔→滑閥上的l5孔→節(jié)制閥局減聯(lián)絡(luò)槽l6→滑閥上的jul孔→滑閥座ju2孔→主閥體內(nèi)通路→主閥安裝面ju孔→中間體內(nèi)通路→局減室；同時經(jīng)主閥安裝面處的縮孔I，再沿著主閥橡膠墊上槽路排向大氣，形成第一階段局部減壓作用，使主活塞兩側(cè)的壓力差進一步增大。局減室壓縮空氣最終經(jīng)縮孔I排人大氣。Thebottomsurfaceoftheregulatingvalveconnectsthelocalreductioninterconnectiongroovel6withthel5andju1holesonthebackoftheslidevalve,connectingthel2passagethathasbeenpartiallyconnectedintheinflationandreleasepositiontothel5andju1passagesviathelocalreductioninterconnectiongroovel6.（1）（2）（3）常用制動位ServiceBrakeApplicationPosition（四）(1)第二階段局部減壓SecondStageLocalPressureReduction第二階段局部減壓及制動2SecondStageLocalPressureReductionandBraking常用制動位

ServiceBrakeApplicationPosition（四）制動管壓縮空氣→滑閥座l2孔→滑閥底面l5孔→滑閥體內(nèi)縱向暗道→滑閥底面的l7槽→滑閥座l8孔→主閥體內(nèi)通路l8→局減閥套外圍空腔L8→局減閥套上的8個徑向小孔→局減閥桿上的兩個徑向孔→局減閥桿軸向中心孔→主閥體內(nèi)通路z4→主閥體和緩解閥體內(nèi)通路z1→緩解閥活塞部上閥座上方空腔Z1→緩解閥體內(nèi)開啟的上閥口→緩解閥活塞部下閥座上方空腔Z5→緩解閥體和主閥體內(nèi)通路z5→緊急二段閥下腔Z5→緊急二段閥桿與套之間的大通路→緊急二段閥套外圍空腔Z6→主閥體內(nèi)通路z6→主閥安裝面z孔→中間體內(nèi)通路→制動缸，形成第二階段局部減壓作用。Brakepipecompressedair→l2holeoftheslidevalveseat→l5holeonthebottomsurfaceoftheslidevalve→internallongitudinalpassageoftheslidevalvebody→l7grooveonthebottomsurfaceoftheslidevalve→l8holeoftheslidevalveseat→passagel8insidethemainvalvebody→externalcavityL8ofthereductionvalvesleeve→8radialsmallholesonthereductionvalvesleeve→tworadialholesonthereductionvalvestem→axialcentralholeonthereductionvalvestem→passagez4insidethemainvalvebody→passagez1inthemainvalveandrelayvalvebody→uppercavityZ1abovethereliefvalvepistonseat→openuppervalveportinsidethereliefvalvebody→uppercavityZ5abovethereliefvalvepistonseat→passagez5insidethereliefvalveandmainvalvebody→lowercavityZ5oftheemergencycutoutvalve→largepassagebetweentheemergencycutoutvalvestemandsleeve→externalcavityZ6oftheemergencycutoutvalvesleeve→passagez6insidethemainvalvebody→installationholezonthemainvalvemountingsurface→internalpassage→brakecylinder,formingthesecondstageoflocalpressurereduction.當制動缸壓力達到50～70kPa時，局減活塞壓縮局減閥彈簧右移，局減閥關(guān)閉了L8腔通向z4通路的局減閥套上的8個徑向小孔局減閥處于關(guān)閉位，第二階段局減作用停止。Whenthepressureinthebrakecylinderreaches50-70kPa,thereductionpistoncompressesthespringofthereductionvalve,causingthereductionvalvetoclosethe8radialsmallholesonthereductionvalvesleevethatconnecttheL8cavitytothez4passage.Thereductionvalveisintheclosedposition,andthesecondstageoflocalpressurereductionstops.第二階段局部減壓作用保證了列車尾部車輛制動缸即使在制動管小減壓量時也有一個初躍升壓力。Thesecondstageoflocalpressurereductionensuresthatthebrakecylinderofthereartraincarhasaninitialsurgepressureevenwithasmallreductioninbrakepipepressure.常用制動位

ServiceBrakeApplicationPosition（四）制動缸最初的50~70kPa初躍升壓力是來自制動管和副風(fēng)缸兩方面的壓縮空氣，當制動缸達到這個壓力以后，局減閥關(guān)閉，制動管停止向制動缸充氣，副風(fēng)缸仍在向制動缸充氣，制動缸的最終壓力取決于制動管的減壓量。Theinitialsurgepressureof50-70kPainthebrakecylinderresultsfromthecompressedairfromboththebrakepipeandtheauxiliaryreservoir.Oncethebrakecylinderreachesthispressure,thereductionvalvecloses,andthebrakepipestopsinflatingthebrakecylinder,whiletheauxiliaryreservoircontinuestoinflatethebrakecylinder.Thefinalpressureinthebrakecylinderdependsonthereductioninthebrakepipepressure.副風(fēng)缸壓縮空氣→滑閥室F1→滑閥f3孔→滑閥座z1孔→主閥體和緩解閥體內(nèi)通路z1→緩解閥活塞部上閥座上方空腔Z1→緩解閥體內(nèi)開啟的上閥口→緩解閥活塞部下閥座上方空腔Z5一緩解閥體和主閥體內(nèi)通路z5→緊急二段閥下腔Z5→緊急二段閥桿與套之間的大通路→緊急二段閥套外圍空腔Z6→主閥體內(nèi)通路z6→主閥安裝面z孔→中間體內(nèi)通路→制動缸，產(chǎn)生制動作用。Auxiliaryreservoircompressedair→F1chamberoftheslidevalve→f3holeoftheslidevalve→z1holeoftheslidevalveseat→passagez1insidethemainandrelayvalvebody→uppercavityZ1abovethereliefvalvepistonseat→openuppervalveportinsidethereliefvalvebody→uppercavityZ5abovethereliefvalvepistonseat→passagez5insidethereliefvalveandmainvalvebody→lowercavityZ5oftheemergencycutoutvalve→largepassagebetweentheemergencycutoutvalvestemandsleeve→externalcavityZ6oftheemergencycutoutvalvesleeve→passagez6insidethemainvalvebody→installationholezonthemainvalvemountingsurface→internalpassage→brakecylinder,generatingbrakingaction.(2)制動缸充氣BrakeCylinderInflation常用制動位ServiceBrakeApplicationPosition（四）制動管常用制動減壓時，緊急活塞下腔L12的制動管壓力隨著下降，緊急活塞上腔Jl的緊急室壓力空氣經(jīng)緊急活塞桿上部限孔Ⅳ、中部限孔Ⅲ和緊急活塞桿下端面孔口向制動管逆流，如減壓速度較快，在緊急活塞兩側(cè)形成較小的壓力差時，緊急活塞稍微下移，緊急活塞桿頂面的密封圈脫離緊急閥上蓋，緊急室壓力空氣經(jīng)緊急活塞桿的軸向孔上口、限孔Ⅲ向制動管逆流。Duringnormalbrakepressurereductioninthebrakepipe,thebrakepipepressureinthelowerchamberL12oftheemergencypistondecreases.TheairpressurefromtheemergencychamberoftheupperchamberJloftheemergencypistonflowsbacktothebrakepipethroughtheupperlimitingorificeIV,middlelimitingorificeIII,andthelowerendapertureoftheemergencypistonrod.Ifthepressurereductionspeedisfastandasmallpressuredifferenceisformedonbothsidesoftheemergencypiston,theemergencypistonslightlymovesdownward,causingthesealingringonthetopsurfaceoftheemergencypistonrodtodetachfromtheuppercoveroftheemergencyvalve.TheairpressurefromtheemergencychamberflowsbacktothebrakepipethroughtheaxialorificeoftheemergencypistonrodandtheupperapertureofthelimitingorificeIII.安定性是指常用制動時不發(fā)生緊急制動作用的性能。Stabilityreferstotheperformanceofnottriggeringemergencybrakingduringnormalbrakeapplication.3．安定性Stability限孔Ⅲ(Φ2.5mm)的逆流速度可保證在常用制動最大減壓速度時，緊急活塞兩側(cè)不能形成足以壓縮安定彈簧的壓力差。Thereverseflo