模擬預(yù)測卷01（考試時(shí)間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分）注意事項(xiàng)：1．答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2．回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，3．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1．Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A．Inahotel. B．Inarestaurant. C．Inatravelagency.【答案】C【原文】W:Sowhat’syourchoice,sir?Itisoffseasonnowthetotalexpensesoftheguidedtourissevenhundreddollarsandthatincludesaccommodationtransportallmealsandatourguide.M:Ithinkafour-daytourwouldbebestforme.2．Whenwasthemanwakenup?A．At6:00. B．At7:00. C．At8:00.【答案】C【原文】M:Whydidn’tyouwakemeupatsevenlikeIaskedyouto?W:Seven?Ithoughtyouaskedmenottowakeyouupatseven,soIletyousleepanhourlonger.3．Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace？A．Inanapartment. B．Inarestaurant. C．Inashop.【答案】B【原文】W:Goodevening,sir,canIhelpyou?M:Atableforfive,please.Weareexpectinganothertwofriends.Theywillbehereataboutsixo’clock.W:Okay,mayItakeyourorder?4．Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A．Forgetthepressure. B．Workattheoffice. C．Havearest.【答案】C【原文】M:Youlooksotired.Haveyoubeenworkingtoomuchlately?W:Yes,thereistoomuchworkattheoffice.AndIworkunderpressureaswell.M:Youneedtoforgetaboutworkforamomentandgiveyourselfsomefreshair.5．Whatdoesthemanthinkaboutchewinggum?A．It’snotgraceful.B．It’sgoodfordentalhealth.C．Itdoesharmtotheenvironment.【答案】A【原文】M:Whatdoyouthinkofchewinggum?Mydentistsaidit’sagoodwaytoprotectmyteethaftereatingsugaryfoods.ButIalwaysthinkitlookssougly.W:Hmm...Idon’tmindit,solongaspeoplethrowitawayproperlytoprotecttheenvironment.第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1．5分，滿分22．5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間，每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．Whatisthewomandoingnow?A．Selectingadress. B．Dancingwiththeman. C．Buyingclothes.7．Wherewillthespeakersgo?A．Aweddingceremony. B．Adancingparty. C．Aconcert.【答案】6．A7．C【原文】W:Ben,comehere.I’mhavingtroublepickingoutadressfortonight.Howaboutthissilverone?M:That’stoofancy.W:Right.Andit’snotthatcomfortable.We’regoingtobedancingalotintheconcert.M:Whydon’twebuyoneinthemall?It’syourbirthdaynextweek.W:Ihaveenoughclothes.Here,look!Thisisblack,soitmatchesmyshoes.M:Therearethreelongtearsdowntheback.Itlookslikeyougotattackedbyatiger.W:That’sthestyle.Ithinkit’sfashionable.M:OK.It’syourcall.聽第7段材料，回到第8、9題。8．Whatdidthemanmainlydiscusswithhisteacher?A．Histestresults. B．Hisillness. C．Hismood.9．Whydidtheteacherapologizetotheman?A．Shegavehimlittlesupport.B．Shedidn’tremindhimofthetest.C．Sheforgotabouthisabsencefromclass.【答案】8．A9．C【原文】W:Didyouspeaktoyourteacher?M:Yes,Ihadawordwithheryesterday.Andshesaidthatshewasdisappointedinme.ShetoldmeIshouldhavedonebetter.W:Oh,dear!Youmusthavebeenupset.M:Yes!Itwascompletelyunexpected.IremindedherthatIhadbeenillandhadmissedsomelessons.Actually,sheadmittedthatshehadforgottenaboutmyillness.Sheapologizedforforgetting.Andshepromisedmethatshewouldsupportmeinanywaynecessary.W:Andwhatdidyousaytothat?M:IsaidthatIwouldtrymybesttodobetterinthenexttest.聽第8段材料，回答第10-12題。10．Whatisthewomandoing?A．Promotingaclub. B．Chairingameeting. C．Hostingaprogram.11．WhatdoweknowaboutTheDragon’sBackrace?A．Itlaststhreedays. B．Itisforbeginners. C．IttakesplaceintheUK.12．Whichisthehardestfortheman?A．Runningdownhill.B．Sufferingcertaininjuries.C．Keepingpacewithothers.【答案】10．C11．C12．A【原文】W:Goodevening,thisismeetingathletes.OurguesttodayisCarlwhodoesmountainrunning?Carl,itsoundsexhaustingrunningupanddownmountains.M:Well,likeanysport,ittakespractice,buteveryonehastostartsomewhere.W:Hmm,canyoutellusaboutarace?M:Okay,there’saracecalledTheDragon’sBack,whichtakesplaceoverfivedaysandoveradistanceof200milesacrossthemountainsinWales.Butbeforelistenerssignupforit,Ishouldpointoutthatonlypeoplewithlotsofexperienceareallowedtoenter.W:Soit’sverydemanding.M:Yes,evenexperiencedrunnersneedtogetusedtorunningoverroughgrass,rockypathsorthroughmountainstreams.Thetrainingisveryhard.Alotofrunninginjuriesareduetotherepetitivenatureofmovement.Butthehardestpartformeisrunningdownhill,whichismoredifficultthanrunninguphill.聽第9段材料，回答第13-16題。13．Whosespeechdidthespeakerslistento?A．Adeveloper’s. B．Astudent’s. C．Adoctor’s.14．Whatistheman’sgoalinthefield?A．Tosetuparesearchgroup.B．ToworkonadvancedAIprojects.C．Todeveloppoliciesandguidelines.15．Whatdoesthemanplantodofirsttorealizehisdream?A．Focusonlearningandpracticing.B．Cooperatewiththewomanonaproject.C．Studythepoliciesinthefieldoftechnology.16．Whatisthewoman’snextstepregardingherinterests?A．TostartsomeAIprojects.B．Tosignupforadvancedcourses.C．Tocontinueherworkintheresearchgroup.【答案】13．A14．B15．A16．C【原文】W:Thatspeechwasexcellent,didn’tyouthink?M:Idid.Itwasreallygood.Thoseinsightsintoartificialintelligencewereeye-opening.Comingfromadeveloper,theycountforalot.W:Absolutely.Thewayhediscussedthefutureoftechnologyanditspotentialwasinspiring.Iwassoexcited.IfeellikeI’vechosentostudyjusttherightsubject.M:Samehere.Imean,itgotmetothinkaboutmydreaminthisfield.W:Whatisyourdream,bytheway?M:Well,IsupposeIcouldgoinforcutting-edgeAIprojects,makingarealimpact.Thisspeechjustmademypurposestronger.W:That’sgreat.I’vebeenmoreintotheeffectoftechnology.Thespeakertouchedonthattoo.M:Whatareyourgoalsinthatarea?W:I’dlovetobeinvolvedindevelopingpoliciestoensuretechnologyisusedproperly.M:Wellsaid.I’mhopingwecanworkonaprojecttogethersomeday.W:Thatwouldbefantastic.So,what’syourfirststeptowardsyourambition?M:I’mplanningtotakesomeadvancedcoursesandgetmorehands-onexperience.Andyou?W:I’malreadyinvolvedinaresearchgroupworkingontechnologyprinciples.I’llkeepdoingthatandhopefullyfindopportunitiestoinfluencepolicy.M:Well,itsoundslikewe’rebothontherighttrack.聽第10段材料，回答第17-20題。17．Whatcanbeseenintheimage?A．Alonelyoldpolarbear. B．Astrugglingpolarbear. C．Asleepingyoungpolarbear.18．Whichwordbestdescribestheprocessoftakingtheimage?A．Challenging. B．Joyful. C．Disappointing.19．Whatcanthedirector’swordsillustrate?A．Thebeautyinnature. B．Theimpactoftheimage. C．Theaffectionforphotography.20．WhatdoesNimaSarikhanicallonpeopletodo?A．Careaboutthesafetyofseafood.B．Createnewhomesforpolarbears.C．Takeactiontopreventglobalwarming.【答案】17．C18．A19．B20．C【原文】Aheartbreakingimagecapturesayoungpolarbearsleepingonthemeltingpiecesofatinyiceberg.Britishpart-timephotographerNimaSarikhanicapturedthesceneinSvalbard,whichsitsdeepinsidetheArcticCircle,around500milesfromtheNorthPole.Theimagewascrownedthewinnerofthisyear’sWildlifePhotographeroftheYearPeople’sChoiceAward.Afterthreedaysofdesperatelysearchingforpolarbearsthroughthickfog,Sarikhanifinallyspottedtwopolarbears—ayoungermaleandanoldermale.Justbeforemidnight,astheshipgotclosetothebears,theyoungeroneclimbedontoasmallicebergandcarvedoutabedwithhispawsbeforefallingasleep.Sarikhanisaidthisphotographhascausedstrongemotionsinmanyofthosewhohaveseenit.Anestimated26,000polarbearsremaininthewild,andtheyareattheriskofdyingoutasrisingtemperaturesmeltawaytheseaicetheseanimalsdependon.DirectoroftheNaturalHistoryMuseumsaid,“Theheartbreakingimageallowsustoseethebeautyandfragilityofourplanet.Histhought-provokingimageisastrikingreminderoftheessentialbondbetweenananimalanditshabitatandservesasavisualrepresentationoftheharmfulimpactsofclimatewarmingandhabitatloss.”Sarikhanisaidhehopedhisphotographcouldinspirehope.Headdedthereisstilltimetofixthemesswehavecaused.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AFourScienceResearchCompetitionsforHighSchoolersParticipatinginascienceresearchcompetitionasahighschoolercanallowyoutoexploreoneofyourpassions,makingyouamorecompetitivecandidateduringthecollegeadmissionsprocess.Herearefourscienceresearchcompetitionsdesignedforhighschoolers.BreakthroughJuniorChallengeTheBreakthroughJuniorChallengetasksstudentswithcreatingashorttwo-minutevideoinwhichtheyexplainacomplexscientificconceptanddemonstratehowitworksinpractice.Awardsincludea$250,000collegescholarship,anda$50,000awardtoateacherofthewinner’schoosing.EyeontheFutureTeenVideoContestParticipantsaretaskedwithcreatingavideobetween30secondsandthreeminuteslong,eitherontheirownorinteamsofuptothreemembers.WinnersreceiveapaidtriptotheNationalInstituteofHealthinBethesda,Maryland.RegeneronInternationalScienceandEngineeringFairThiscompetitionistheworld’slargestinternationalpre-collegeSTEMcompetition.Studentsshowcaseindependentresearchandcompeteacross22categoriesforawardsrangingfrom$500to$75,000.Thisisnotagroup-basedcompetition—individualstudentssignupforlocalschoolsciencefairsbeforeadvancingtoupper-levelcompetitions.AmericanAcademyofNeurologyNeuroscienceResearchPrizeThiscompetitionchallengesstudentstoinvestigateproblemsregardingthebrainornervoussystem.Itisonlyopentoindividualstudents—groupprojectsareexcluded.WinnersreceiveamonetaryprizeandthechancetopresenttheirprojectsattheAANAnnualMeeting.21．Whatistheaimofthecompetitions?A．Toensureadmissiontocollege. B．Tofuelthepassionforscience.C．Toexcelinhighschoolexams. D．Toselectoutstandingtalents.22．Whatdothefirsttwocompetitionshaveincommon?A．Winnerswillreceiveapaidtrip. B．Theparticipantsneedtoteamup.C．Presentationofavideoisamust. D．Thewinner’steacherwillbeawarded.23．Whichcompetitionmightattractparticipantsinterestedinmedicine?A．BreakthroughJuniorChallenge.B．EyeontheFutureTeenVideoContest.C．RegeneronInternationalScienceandEngineeringFair.D．AmericanAcademyofNeurologyNeuroscienceResearchPrize.【答案】21．B22．C23．D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個(gè)針對高中生的科學(xué)研究比賽。21．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Participatinginascienceresearchcompetitionasahighschoolercanallowyoutoexploreoneofyourpassions,makingyouamorecompetitivecandidateduringthecollegeadmissionsprocess.(作為一名高中生參加科學(xué)研究競賽可以讓你探索你的一個(gè)愛好，使你在大學(xué)錄取過程中成為一個(gè)更有競爭力的候選人)”可知，參加科學(xué)研究競賽可以讓高中生探索自己的興趣和激情；由此可知，競賽的目的是激發(fā)學(xué)生對科學(xué)的熱情。故選B。22．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“BreakthroughJuniorChallenge”部分中“TheBreakthroughJuniorChallengetasksstudentswithcreatingashorttwo-minutevideoinwhichtheyexplainacomplexscientificconceptanddemonstratehowitworksinpractice.(BreakthroughJuniorChallenge要求學(xué)生制作一個(gè)簡短的兩分鐘視頻，在視頻中解釋一個(gè)復(fù)雜的科學(xué)概念，并演示它在實(shí)際中是如何工作的)”以及“EyeontheFutureTeenVideoContest”部分中“Participantsaretaskedwithcreatingavideobetween30secondsandthreeminuteslong,eitherontheirownorinteamsofuptothreemembers.(參與者需要獨(dú)自或最多三人一組制作一段30秒到3分鐘的視頻)”可知，前兩個(gè)比賽的共同點(diǎn)是必須提交視頻。故選C。23．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“AmericanAcademyofNeurologyNeuroscienceResearchPrize”部分中“Thiscompetitionchallengesstudentstoinvestigateproblemsregardingthebrainornervoussystem.Itisonlyopentoindividualstudents—groupprojectsareexcluded.WinnersreceiveamonetaryprizeandthechancetopresenttheirprojectsattheAANAnnualMeeting.(這項(xiàng)比賽挑戰(zhàn)學(xué)生調(diào)查有關(guān)大腦或神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的問題。它只對單個(gè)學(xué)生開放，不包括團(tuán)體項(xiàng)目。獲勝者將獲得獎(jiǎng)金，并有機(jī)會在AAN年會上展示他們的項(xiàng)目)”可知這項(xiàng)比賽挑戰(zhàn)學(xué)生調(diào)查有關(guān)大腦或神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的問題，可推理出美國神經(jīng)科學(xué)院神經(jīng)科學(xué)研究獎(jiǎng)（AmericanAcademyofNeurologyNeuroscienceResearchPrize）可能會吸引對醫(yī)學(xué)感興趣的參與者。故選D。BOnewinter,whileskiingdownsnowyhillswithfellowneighborhoodkids,RalphSamuelsonhadanidea,“Ifyoucouldskionsnow,”hewondered,“whynotonwater?”Inthesummerof1922,Samuelson,then18,beganhisattemptstostanduponskisonLakePepin,justseveralblocksfromhishouseinLakeCity,Minnesota.Afternumerousattempts,heeventuallysucceeded,andoneoftheworld’smostbelovedwatersportswasborn.PeoplelivinginSamuelson’shometownwantedtoensurenooneforgothiscontributiontowarm-weatherfun.OnJuly2,2022,at4:11p.m.—theexactmoment100yearsagothatSamuelsonrosefromthewateronskisbehindhisbrother’sboat—LakeCityleadersreleasedalife-sizedbronzestatueofSamuelsonatOhutaParkandBeachontheshoresofLakePepin.Samuelsonfirsttriedwaterskiingwhileridinghisaquaplane,alarge,flatboardpulledbehindhisbrother’sboat.OnJune28,1922,heskiedforseveralyardsthisway.Inthedaysthatfollowed,Samuelsontrieddifferentapproaches.Inmostofhisattempts,hestartedwithhisskislevelwithorbelowthewaterline;butbythetimehisbrothergottheboatgoing,Samuelsonwassinking.Eventually,hetriedraisingthetipsoftheskisoutofthewaterwhileheleanedback—anditworked.Thenhebeganlearningtricksonhisskis,whichdrewcrowdsofonlookerstotheshoreline.Sadly,hiscareerasawaterskierwasshort-lived.Whenhehurthisbackinaconstructionaccidentin1927,hewasforcedtohanguphisskisforever.Heneverpatentedhiswaterskis,butsomanypeoplehadwatchedhimskithatSamuelsonwaseventuallyrecognizedasthesport’sinventor.Samuelsondiedofcancerin1977,buthislegacyliveson.There’sahistoricalmarkeratLakePepinproudlyidentifyingitasthe“BirthplaceofWaterskiing”.24．HowdidSamuelsonlearnwaterskiing?A．Bylearningfromhisbrother. B．Byfollowinginstructions.C．Bytryingmanytimeshimself. D．Bytakingaspecificcourse.25．WhatdoweknowaboutSamuelson?A．Hebecamegloballyfamousforwaterskiing.B．Hiswaterskiingcareerlastedaboutfiveyears.C．Hiswaterskiingtrickswereacquiredallbyaccident.D．Hegotcrazyabouttryingnewsportsatanearlyage.26．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeSamuelson?A．Modestandgenerous. B．Independentandresponsible.C．Creativeanddetermined. D．Hard-workingandambitious.27．Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A．Toshowhonortoaman. B．Tointroduceawatersport.C．Tostressthekeytosuccess. D．Totellthehistoryofskiing.【答案】24．C25．B26．C27．A【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了薩繆爾森是如何發(fā)明滑水運(yùn)動(dòng)的。24．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Samuelsonfirsttriedwaterskiingwhileridinghisaquaplane,alarge,flatboardpulledbehindhisbrother’sboat.OnJune28,1922,heskiedforseveralyardsthisway.Inthedaysthatfollowed,Samuelsontrieddifferentapproaches.Inmostofhisattempts,hestartedwithhisskislevelwithorbelowthewaterline;butbythetimehisbrothergottheboatgoing,Samuelsonwassinking.Eventually,hetriedraisingthetipsoftheskisoutofthewaterwhileheleanedback-anditworked.Thenhebeganlearningtricksonhisskis,whichdrewcrowdsofonlookerstotheshoreline.(薩繆爾森第一次嘗試滑水是在他的滑水板上。他的滑水板是在他哥哥的船后面拉著一塊巨大的平板。1922年6月28日，他就這樣滑了好幾碼。在接下來的日子里，薩繆爾森嘗試了不同的方法。在他的大多數(shù)嘗試中，他都是讓滑水板與水線持平或低于水線；但當(dāng)他哥哥把船開起來的時(shí)候，薩繆爾森已經(jīng)在下沉了。最后，他試著在身體后傾的時(shí)候把滑水板的頂端抬出水面——成功了。然后，他開始在滑水板上學(xué)習(xí)技巧，這吸引了大批的旁觀者來到海岸線)”可知，薩繆爾森通過自己多次嘗試學(xué)習(xí)滑水的。故選C項(xiàng)。25．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的句子“Samuelsonfirsttriedwaterskiingwhileridinghisaquaplane,alarge,flatboardpulledbehindhisbrother’sboat.OnJune28,1922,heskiedforseveralyardsthisway.(薩繆爾森第一次嘗試滑水是在他的滑水板上。他的滑水板是在他哥哥的船后面拉著一塊巨大的平板。1922年6月28日，他就這樣滑了好幾碼)”可知，薩繆爾森第一次嘗試滑水是在1922年。根據(jù)最后一段的句子“Sadly,hiscareerasawaterskierwasshort-lived.Whenhehurthisbackinaconstructionaccidentin1927,hewasforcedtohanguphisskisforever.(遺憾的是，他的滑水生涯很短暫。1927年，當(dāng)他在一次施工事故中受傷時(shí)，他被迫永遠(yuǎn)收起滑水板)”可知，他的滑水生涯在1927年結(jié)束。他的滑水生涯持續(xù)了大約五年。故選B項(xiàng)。26．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Onewinter,whileskiingdownsnowyhillswithfellowneighborhoodkids,RalphSamuelsonhadanidea,“Ifyoucouldskionsnow,”hewondered,“whynotonwater?”(有一年冬天，拉爾夫·薩繆爾森和鄰居的孩子們從雪山上滑雪時(shí)，有了一個(gè)主意，“如果你可以在雪上滑雪，”他想，“為什么不能在水上呢？”)”和第二段“Inthesummerof1922,Samuelson,then18,beganhisattemptstostanduponskisonLakePepin,justseveralblocksfromhishouseinLakeCity,Minnesota.Afternumerousattempts,heeventuallysucceeded,andoneoftheworld’smostbelovedwatersportswasborn.(1922年夏天，18歲的薩繆爾森開始嘗試在佩平湖的滑水板上站起來，那里離他明尼蘇達(dá)州湖市的家只有幾個(gè)街區(qū)。經(jīng)過無數(shù)次的嘗試，他最終成功了，世界上最受歡迎的水上運(yùn)動(dòng)之一誕生了)”可知，薩繆爾森由滑雪想到了滑水，發(fā)明了滑水運(yùn)動(dòng)，所以，他具有創(chuàng)造性。再根據(jù)第四段“Samuelsonfirsttriedwaterskiingwhileridinghisaquaplane,alarge,flatboardpulledbehindhisbrother’sboat.OnJune28,1922,heskiedforseveralyardsthisway.Inthedaysthatfollowed,Samuelsontrieddifferentapproaches.Inmostofhisattempts,hestartedwithhisskislevelwithorbelowthewaterline;butbythetimehisbrothergottheboatgoing,Samuelsonwassinking.Eventually,hetriedraisingthetipsoftheskisoutofthewaterwhileheleanedback-anditworked.Thenhebeganlearningtricksonhisskis,whichdrewcrowdsofonlookerstotheshoreline.(薩繆爾森第一次嘗試滑水是在他的滑水板上。他的滑水板是在他哥哥的船后面拉著一塊巨大的平板。1922年6月28日，他就這樣滑了好幾碼。在接下來的日子里，薩繆爾森嘗試了不同的方法。在他的大多數(shù)嘗試中，他都是讓滑水板與水線持平或低于水線；但當(dāng)他哥哥把船開起來的時(shí)候，薩繆爾森已經(jīng)在下沉了。最后，他試著在身體后傾的時(shí)候把滑水板的頂端抬出水面——成功了。然后，他開始在滑水板上學(xué)習(xí)技巧，這吸引了大批的旁觀者來到海岸線)”可知，薩繆爾森經(jīng)過多次嘗試才掌握了滑水的技巧，所以，他是一個(gè)很堅(jiān)定的人。故選C項(xiàng)。27．推理判斷題。本文主要介紹了薩繆爾森是如何發(fā)明滑水運(yùn)動(dòng)的，再結(jié)合文章最后一段的句子“Heneverpatentedhiswaterskis,butsomanypeoplehadwatchedhimskithatSamuelsonwaseventuallyrecognizedasthesport’sinventor.Samuelsondiedofcancerin1977,buthislegacyliveson.There’sahistoricalmarkeratLakePepinproudlyidentifyingitasthe“BirthplaceofWaterskiing”.(他從未為他的滑水橇申請專利，但是很多人都看過他滑水，所以薩繆爾森最終被公認(rèn)為這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的發(fā)明者。1977年，薩繆爾森死于癌癥，但他的遺產(chǎn)永存。LakePepin有一個(gè)歷史標(biāo)記，自豪地把它標(biāo)記為“滑水運(yùn)動(dòng)的發(fā)源地”)”可推知，作者寫這篇文章的目的是為了向薩繆爾森表示敬意。故選A項(xiàng)。CVastplainsofsolarpanelscanhelpnaturemorethancleanenergy:Aspopulationsofcrucialpollinators(蟲媒)decline,developershavebeenseedingthegroundsoftheirsolararrays(陣列)withnativewildflowers.Nowafive-yearstudypublishedinEnvironmentalResearchLetters,confirmsthatthisapproachbooststhepollinators’abundanceanddiversity——withspilloverbenefitsforsurroundingfarms.From2018through2022,ArgonneNationalLaboratorylandscapeecologistLeroyJ.Walstonandhiscolleaguesregularlyvisitedtwosucharrayscoveringhectares(公頃)eachinsouthernMinnesota.Thescientistsrecordedthenumberandkindsofpollinatorsthewildflowersattractedandfoundpopulationsofbees,beetles,butterflies,moths,andmorehadincreasedon-site——evenastheycontinueddecliningelsewhereintheU.S.Humans’pesticideuse,greenhousegasemissionsandhabitatdestructionhavecausedmasspollinatordie-offs.Monarchbutterflynumbers,forexample,havedecreasedby80percentnationwideinthepasttwodecades,andaccordingtotheCenterforBiologicalDiversity’s2017report,nearlyoneinfournativebeespeciesisendangeredandatincreasingriskofextinction.Furtherbiglosseswouldbedisastrousforecosystemsandagriculture:75percentofNorthAmericanplantspeciesrelyonpollinators.Thefederalgovernment’senergygoalsrequireseveralmillionhectaresforsolarenergy,withmorethan80percentoftheprojectsplannedforformeragriculturalland;seedingitthiswaycouldhelpsaveendangeredpollinators.Duringtheirstudy,Walstonandhisteamwatchedgoldenrodsoldierbeetlesboomastheirnamesakeflower,goldenrodbloomedaroundthearrays.Asotherflowersbloomed,asymphonyofinsectsappeared.Nativebeessawthemoststunninggrowth,withtheirpopulationincreasing20timesbythestudy’send.Monarchbutterfliesalsoincreasedinnumberandflutteredtheirdottedwingsacrossthesites.Twiceasmanybeesvisitedsoybeanfieldsclosetothesolarsitesasfieldsfartheraway,makingthenearbyplots’gainscomparabletothoseofneighboringlandenrolledinconservationprograms.Theapproach’sefficacyinotherpartsofthecountry—suchasthedesertSouthwest—remainstobeseen.Nevertheless,asWalstonsays,atleastintheMidwest,“ifyouplantit,yeah,they’llcome.”29．Whatdoesthe5-yearstudyfocuson?A．Thenumberofpollinators. B．Theinfluenceofsolarpanelsoninsects.C．Theeffectofwildflowerseedingproject. D．Theexploitationofalternativecleanenergy.30．Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A．Nativebeespeciesareindangerofdyingout.B．Pollinatorpopulationsaredecreasingatanalarmingrate.C．NorthernAmericanagriculturefallsvictimtosolarpanels.D．Thegovernmentistakingmeasurestomeetthedemandsforsolarenergy.31．Whydoestheauthormentiongoldenrodsoldierbeetlesinparagraph4?A．Tohighlighttheecologicalcrisis.B．Toillustrateamutuallybeneficialrelationship.C．Toprovethesuccessofconservationprograms.D．Toindicatetheoutcomethewildflowerplanting.32．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“efficacy”inparagraph5mostprobablymean?A．Effectiveness. B．Limitation. C．Response. D．Risk.【答案】29．C30．B31．D32．A【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文，主要介紹了在太陽能板陣列中種植本土野花對傳粉昆蟲的積極影響。29．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Nowafive-yearstudypublishedinEnvironmentalResearchLetters,confirmsthatthisapproachbooststhepollinators’abundanceanddiversity——withspilloverbenefitsforsurroundingfarms.(現(xiàn)在，發(fā)表在《環(huán)境研究快報(bào)》上的一項(xiàng)為期五年的研究證實(shí)，這種方法增加了授粉媒介的數(shù)量和多樣性——對周圍農(nóng)場也有溢出效益。)”可知，這個(gè)五年研究關(guān)注野花播種項(xiàng)目的效果。故選C。30．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Humans’pesticideuse,greenhousegasemissionsandhabitatdestructionhavecausedmasspollinatordie-offs.Monarchbutterflynumbers,forexample,havedecreasedby80percentnationwideinthepasttwodecades,andaccordingtotheCenterforBiologicalDiversity’s2017report,nearlyoneinfournativebeespeciesisendangeredandatincreasingriskofextinction.(人類的農(nóng)藥使用、溫室氣體排放和棲息地破壞已經(jīng)導(dǎo)致大量傳粉者死亡。例如，在過去的二十年里，全美帝王蝶的數(shù)量減少了80%，根據(jù)生物多樣性中心2017年的報(bào)告，近四分之一的本土蜜蜂物種瀕臨滅絕，滅絕風(fēng)險(xiǎn)不斷增加。)”可知，第三段主要講的是傳粉者數(shù)量正以驚人的速度減少。故選B。31．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Duringtheirstudy,Walstonandhisteamwatchedgoldenrodsoldierbeetlesboomastheirnamesakeflower,goldenrodbloomedaroundthearrays.(在研究期間，隨著以金盞花虎甲蟲命名的金盞花在陣列周圍盛開，Walston和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)觀察到金盞花虎甲蟲大量繁殖)”可知，作者在第四段提到金盞花虎甲蟲是為了表明野花種植的結(jié)果。故選D。32．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段劃線詞上文“Theapproach’s(這種方法)”及下文“inotherpartsofthecountry—suchasthedesertSouthwest—remainstobeseen.Nevertheless,asWalstonsays,atleastintheMidwest,“ifyouplantit,yeah,they’llcome.”(在美國其他地區(qū)，如西南部沙漠，還有待觀察。盡管如此，正如沃爾斯頓所說，至少在中西部，“如果你種植它，是的，它們會來?！?”可知，此處指這種方法在其他地區(qū)是否能取得類似的效果，由此可知，畫線詞efficacy與Effectiveness(有效性)意思相近。故選A。DSocratesdeclaredthattheunexaminedlifewasn’tworthlivingforahumanbeing,implyingthatweshouldattempttoknowourselves,tothinkthroughouractions,choices,prejudices,andattitudes.Butwhenitcomestothinkingaboutourownhappinessandwhatmakesourlivesgowell,itreallydoesseemthatthisreflectiveattitudecanruinourchancesoffindingwhatweseek.Perhapsit’snotsurprisingthatwearebetterdesignedforengaginginotheractivitiesthanreflectingonhowbesttoachieveourownhappinessandwell-being.Doingthingsthatenhanceourgrowthinphysical,socialandintellectualareastendstobringtherewardoffeelinggood,andsostimulatesusfurthertopursuethoseactivities.Sittingaroundreflectingonwhatwillmakeushappyisalotlessefficientthanchasingthethingsthatmakeushappy,andifwethinktoomuch,thereisanopportunitycost—timethatwecouldhavespentinaworthwhileactivityhasgonewhilewewerethinkingdeeplyaboutthebestwaytodevelop.ThephilosopherDavidhaswrittenabouttheroleofreflectivethinkinginsports.Oneofhisobservationsisthatwhilesportspeopleneedtothinkaboutthebasicactionstheyareperforming,itcanbecounterproductivetostartthinkingabouttheelementsmakingupthoseactions.Afootballerneedstothinkaboutkickingtheballlowandhardtotheleftofthegoalkeeper,butnottooverthinkthemechanicsoftheprecisesmallmovementsoflegsandfeetthatproducethatoutcome.Ifheorshedoesstartthissortofthoughtprocess,itveryoftenleadstoapoorershot.What’sneededisakindofautomaticresponsetothesituation.Perhapssomethingsimilarisgoingoninourlife.Thosepeoplewhostartdetailedprogramsofself-developmentinvariousdimensions,focusingondiet,habits,exercise,mentalactivity,workoutput,andsoon,arelikethefootballerthinkingthroughthesmallmusclemovements.Perhapstheirwell-meaningself-reflectionontheirowndevelopmentandhowtheywanttoachieveit,istheverythingthatwillmakeahighlevelofdevelopmentforeverunobtainableforthem.32．Whatmaycauseanopportunitycost?A．Spendingtimeonworthyactivities. B．Joininginsocialmeetingsactively.C．Gettingstuckinmuchself-reflection. D．Doingphysicalexercisesefficiently.33．WhydoestheauthormentionDavid’sobservations?A．Topraiseawisephilosopher. B．Toteachreadersfootballskills.C．Tociteacaseofoverthinking. D．Toargueforreflectivethinking.34．Whatdoestheauthorsuggestreadersdotoachievetheirgoals?A．Makeacomprehensiveplan. B．Adoptadirectapproach.C．Thinkcarefullybeforeaction. D．Attachimportancetodetails.35．Whatisasuitabletitleforthistext?A．TheRiskofOverthinking B．TheKeytoWell-beingC．TheWaytoThinkReflectively D．TheMethodtoDevelopYourself【答案】32．C33．C34．B35．A【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了過度思考帶來的種種弊端，告誡我們不要過度思考。32．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Sittingaroundreflectingonwhatwillmakeushappyisalotlessefficientthanchasingthethingsthatmakeushappy,andifwethinktoomuch,thereisanopportunitycost—timethatwecouldhavespentinaworthwhileactivityhasgonewhilewewerethinkingdeeplyaboutthebestwaytodevelop.(坐下來思考什么能讓我們快樂比追求讓我們快樂的事情效率低得多，如果我們想得太多，就會有機(jī)會成本——我們本可以花在有價(jià)值的活動(dòng)上的時(shí)間，而我們卻在深入思考最好的發(fā)展方式)”可知，困于過度的自我反思會導(dǎo)致機(jī)會成本，故選C。33．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Oneofhisobservationsisthatwhilesportspeopleneedtothinkaboutthebasicactionstheyareperforming,itcanbecounterproductivetostartthinkingabouttheelementsmakingupthoseactions.(他的一個(gè)觀察是，雖然運(yùn)動(dòng)員需要思考他們正在執(zhí)行的基本動(dòng)作，但開始思考構(gòu)成這些動(dòng)作的元素可能會適得其反)”可推知，作者提到David的觀察是為了舉例說明過度思考的劣勢。故選C。34．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“What’sneededisakindofautomaticresponsetothesituation.(我們需要的是一種對情況的自動(dòng)響應(yīng))”可知，作者建議讀者采取一個(gè)直接的方法來達(dá)成目標(biāo)。故選B。35．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段的“Butwhenitcomestothinkingaboutourownhappinessandwhatmakesourlivesgowell,itreallydoesseemthatthisreflectiveattitudecanruinourchancesoffinding