專題07首字母填空（一）（一）（2022·上海黃浦·二模）WhoremembersPEwithJoeduringlockdown,Joewicks’sonlinefitnessclasseswereahugehit.Infact,theyhavebeenviewedmorethanseventymilliontimes.Formanyyoungpeopleandadults,thefitnessinstructor’svideosf___8___agapwhenitwasnotpossibletodoorganisedteamsportsbecauseoflockdown.PEwithJoealsogavepeopleaflavourofthefunyoucanhavewhenexercisingwithothers.Nowthatit’spossibletotakepartinteamsportsagainit’sagoodtimetounderstandhowtheycanimprovehealthandhappinessWhatisateamsport?Ateamsportisanactivity.Itrequiresindividualstoplayasateamandc___9___againstanotherteam.Well-knownteamsportsincludebasketball,cricket,football,hockey,netball,roundersandrugby.ResearchbySportEnglandhasfoundthatteamsportsarethemostp___10___organizedactivityenjoyedbyunder-16s.Whatarethebenefitsofplayingateamsport?Playingateamsportcanhelpyoutodevelopself-confidenceaswellasteachingyouhowtoworkalongsideothers.EmmaBarnesisFootballDevelopmentManagerattheSurreyFootballAssociation(SFA).Shesays,“Theteamworks___11___youdevelophelpayoungpersontointeractwithdifferentpeopleandalsocelebratetheachievementsofteammates.Andshealsosayslosingamatchcanbegoodforyou.Learningtolosegracefullyisanimportantlesson.”Anotherbenefitofteamsportsistherelationshipsyoubuildwithteammatesandcoaches.Youmightdevelopas____12____circleoutsideofschoolorformstrongerfriendshipswithschoolmates.Theycanbereallypositive.WhatifIpreferactivitiesonmyown?Somepeopleprefersolosports,suchascyclingswimminganddancing,ifthat’syou,don’tworry.Individualsportsareagreatformofexerciseandaregoodforyou—exercisehelpsyoutobeactive,reducestheriskofmajorillnessesandr___13___feel-goodchemicals.However,it’sw___14___keepinganopenmindbecauseyoumightwanttotryateamactivityalongsideyoursolosport.【答案】8．(f)illed9．(c)ompete10．(p)opular11．(s)pirits12．(s)ocial13．(r)eleases14．(w)orth【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文，向我們介紹團隊運動及其好處。8．句意：對于許多年輕人和成年人來說，健身教練的視頻填補了由于隔離而無法進行有組織的團隊運動的空白。根據(jù)“thefitnessinstructor’svideosf...agapwhenitwasnotpossibletodoorganisedteamsportsbecauseoflockdown”可知，健身教練的視頻填補了由于隔離而無法進行有組織的團隊運動的空白，fill“填充”符合語境，時態(tài)是一般過去時，動詞用過去式，故填(f)illed。9．句意：它要求個人以團隊的形式參與，并與另一個團隊競爭。根據(jù)“Ateamsportisanactivity.Itrequiresindividualstoplayasateamandc...againstanotherteam.”可知，是團隊之間的競爭，compete“比賽，競爭”符合語境，用于不定式結構中，使用動詞原形，故填(c)ompete。10．句意：英格蘭體育的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，團隊運動是16歲以下兒童最喜歡的有組織活動。根據(jù)“ResearchbySportEnglandhasfoundthatteamsportsarethemostanizedactivityenjoyedbyunder-16s.”可知，團隊運動是16歲以下兒童最喜歡的有組織活動，popular“受歡迎的”符合語境，作定語修飾activity，故填(p)opular。11．句意：你培養(yǎng)的團隊精神幫助年輕人與不同的人互動，也慶祝隊友的成就。根據(jù)“Theteamworks...youdevelophelpayoungpersontointeractwithdifferentpeopleandalsocelebratetheachievementsofteammates.”可知，團隊精神幫助年輕人與不同的人互動，也慶祝隊友的成就。spirit“精神”符合語境，此處表示復數(shù)含義，使用名詞復數(shù)形式，故填(s)pirits。12．句意：你可能會在校外發(fā)展社交圈，或與同學建立更牢固的友誼。根據(jù)“Youmightdevelopas...circleoutsideofschoolorformstrongerfriendshipswithschoolmates.”可知，在校外發(fā)展社交圈，social“社會的”符合語境，作定語修飾circle，故填(s)ocial。13．句意：個人運動是一種很好的鍛煉方式，對你有好處。鍛煉能讓你活躍起來，降低患重大疾病的風險，釋放讓你感覺良好的化學物質。根據(jù)“exercisehelpsyoutobeactive,reducestheriskofmajorillnessesandr...feel-goodchemicals”可知，運動釋放讓你感覺良好的化學物質，release“釋放”符合語境，此處與“helps”和“reduces”并列，也使用動詞三單，故填(r)eleases。14．句意：然而，保持開放的心態(tài)是值得的，因為你可能想在獨自運動的同時嘗試團隊活動。根據(jù)“it’sw...keepinganopenmindbecauseyoumightwanttotryateaactivityalongsideyoursolosport”可知，保持開放的心態(tài)是值得的，it’sworthdoing“值得做”，故填(w)orth。（二）（2022·上海寶山·二模）FamilyWithsomanypeopleinChina,therearenotenoughresourcesforeveryone.Thegovernmentlimitsthepopulationbya____1____familiestohaveonlyonechild,orinsomecasestwo.Childrenareoftencalled“l(fā)ittleemperors(皇帝)”becausetheyaresop____2____buttheyalsofeelgreatstresstomaketheirfamilyproud.TraditionallychildreninChinalivedinthesamehomewiththeirparentsandgrandparents.However,peoplemovemoreoftennowadays,andmosthomesaresmallespeciallyinthecities.SchoolChildrenusuallystartschoolattheageofsix.ClassesareinMandarin(普通話)butsomeschoolsalsoinvitef____3____teacherstoteachspokenEnglishinclass.Atage15,studentstakeanimportanttestthatisconsideredthek____4____toasuccessfulfuture.“Learningislikeajourneythatwillcontinueforalongtime,”goesanoldChinesesaying.FoodFamilyandfriendsoftencometogetherformealtimes.AChinesemeali____5____manydifferentdishes,suchassoup,dumplings,meatandvegetables.Everyonesharesthemtogetherwithchopsticks.Specialfoodsareservedonspecialmoments.Forexample,adishofextra-longnoodlesatbirthdaystandsforaw____6____forlonglife.C____7____Chinaalsohasarichtraditionofartandmusic.Manystillpracticecalligraphy(書法),usingspecialbrushesforwritingcharacters,andsomeschoolshasevenstartedcalligraphylessonsforchildrensinceseveralyearsago.Thesedays,modernpopmusicisbecomingmorepopularwithyoungpeople.【答案】1．(a)llowing2．(p)recious3．(f)oreign4．(k)ey5．(i)ncludes6．(w)ish7．(C)ulture【解析】【導語】本文主要從家庭、學校、食物和文化四個方面展示了中國現(xiàn)在的生活狀況。1．句意：政府限制人口，讓家庭只生一個孩子。根據(jù)“Thegovernmentlimitsthepopulationby…familiestohaveonlyonechild”以及首字母可知政府為了控制人口，只允許一個家庭有一個孩子，介詞by后接動名詞allowing“允許”。故填(a)llowing。2．句意：孩子們常常被稱為“小皇帝”，因為他們是如此珍貴。根據(jù)“Childrenareoftencalled“l(fā)ittleemperors(皇帝)”becausetheyareso”可知他們是小皇帝，因為一個家庭只有一個孩子，所以孩子是非常珍貴的，作be動詞的表語用形容詞precious“珍貴的”。故填(p)recious。3．句意：上課是普通話，但有些學校也邀請外國老師在課堂上教授英語口語。根據(jù)“teacherstoteachspokenEnglishinclass”可知是外國教師教英語口語，作定語修飾名詞“teachers”用形容詞foreign“外國的”。故填(f)oreign。4．句意：15歲時，學生要參加一項重要的考試，這被認為是通往成功未來的關鍵。根據(jù)“takeanimportanttestthatisconsideredthe…toasuccessfulfuture”以及首字母并結合常識可知，15歲時參加的中考是通往成功的關鍵，thekeyto…“……的關鍵”。故填(k)ey。5．句意：中餐包括許多不同的菜肴。根據(jù)“AChinesemeal…manydifferentdishes,suchassoup,dumplings”可知一頓中餐包含有很多菜，描述客觀情況，用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是“AChinesemeal”，謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)includes“包含”。故填(i)ncludes。6．句意：生日的一盤特長面條代表著長壽的愿望。根據(jù)“adishofextra-longnoodlesatbirthdaystandsfora…forlonglife”以及首字母可知長壽面代表長壽的愿望，不定冠詞a后加名詞單數(shù)wish“愿望”。故填(w)ish。7．句意：文化。根據(jù)“Chinaalsohasarichtraditionofartandmusic.Manystillpracticecalligraphy”可知本段討論的美術、音樂和書法等都是文化范疇，culture“文化”。故填(C)ulture。（三）（2022·上海奉賢·一模）Itwasacloudyafternoon.Iwaswalkingintheparknearmyneighborhood.ThewindwasblowinghardandIknewitwasabouttorain.Evenso,Ididn’twanttogohome.Ihadaterribleargumentwithmymomandranoutofthehousejust10minutesearlier.Isatdownnearalake.Thereweremanychildrenplayingwiththeirparentsnearby.Ifeltalittlel____50____.“Shallweplaytogether?”Alittlegirlcametowardmewithaballinherhands.Iagreedandsheh____51____metheballwithasweetsmile.Whenitbegantorain,allthechildrenatthelakesidewenthomewiththeirparents.“Whereareyourparents?”Iaskedthegirl.“Mymomissellingcandiedfruit(蜜餞)outsidethepark.Shehardlytakescareofme,”thegirlexplained“Iusuallyplayalonehere.It’sOKi____52____youneedtogohomenow.Iamoldenoughtostayhereandwaitformymom.”“Butit’sraining.”Isaid.“You’dbetternotbeherealonewhenit’sdark.”“It’snoproblem.Momwon’tleavemealone.Sheiscomingsoon,”thegirlreplied.“Sheismymom,evenifshes____53____caresforherdaughter.”A5-yearoldgirltaughtmetoloveandbelieveinmymom.ShouldIlistentoherandsays____54____tomymom?Intheend,Itookthelittlegirltohermom’svendingcart(售貨攤)andthenranhomequickly.Openingthedoor,mymomwasclosetot____55____:“Wherehaveyoubeen?Ilookedforyoueverywhere!Seehowwetyourcoatis!Don’tcometomyroomevenifyougetacoldtonight!”ButIknewshewasn’tangryanymore.A____56____takingashower,Iheardhershoutingoutsidemyroom：“Dinnertime!Comeoutifyoufeellikeeatingsomefishballs.”【答案】50．(l)onely51．(h)anded52．(i)f53．(s)eldom54．(s)orry55．(t)ears56．(A)fter【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文，文章講述作者跟媽媽吵架了，通過在公園和另一個小女孩的交談，感悟到母愛，跑回家向母親道歉。50．句意：我感到有點孤獨。根據(jù)“Shallweplaytogether”女孩邀請作者一起玩，可知作者一個人在那里感到孤獨，根據(jù)首字母提示可知用形容詞“l(fā)onely”作表語。故填(l)onely。51．句意：我同意了，她甜美地微笑，遞給我球。根據(jù)“Shallweplaytogether”及“Alittlegirlcametowardmewithaballinherhands”女孩手里拿著球，女孩邀請作者一起玩球，作者同意了。可知此處表達把球遞給作者。根據(jù)首字母提示可知用動詞“hand”。句子是一般過去時，用過去式“handed”。故填(h)anded。52．句意：如果你現(xiàn)在需要回家也是可以的。根據(jù)“youneedtogohomenow”及首字母提示，可知表達條件“如果你需要回家”，用連詞“if”引導從句。故填(i)f。53．句意：她是我的母親，雖然她很少關心她的女兒。動詞短語“caresfor”前用頻度副詞修飾，根據(jù)前文“Mymomissellingcandiedfruitoutsidethepark.Shehardlytakescareofme”及首字母提示，可知表達“很少關心她的女兒”，用副詞“seldom”。故填(s)eldom。54．句意：我應該聽她的話，和媽媽道歉？根據(jù)前文“Ihadaterribleargumentwithmymom”及“A5-yearoldgirltaughtmetoloveandbelieveinmymom”可知，表達作者聽了女孩的話之后，為了和母親吵架而感到后悔，覺得應該和媽媽道歉，用短語“saysorrytosb.”。故填(s)orry。55．句意：打開門的時候，我看到媽媽都要流淚了。介詞“to”后面缺賓語。根據(jù)“Wherehaveyoubeen?Ilookedforyoueverywhere”可知媽媽很焦急地到處找作者，根據(jù)首字母提示可知表達要流淚了，用復數(shù)名詞“tears”。故填(t)ears。56．句意：洗澡之后，我聽到媽媽在我房間外面大叫：“吃晚飯了。如果你想吃一些魚丸的話就出來。”根據(jù)“takingashower,Iheardhershouting”可知是時間順序，講述洗完澡之后聽到媽媽的叫聲，用介詞“after”。句首首字母大寫。故填(A)fter。（四）（2022·上海金山·一模）WhilemostpeoplethinktheChineseNewYear’scelebrationgoesonforonlyoneday,byc____57____itisafifteen-daycelebration,andsomeofthesedayshavetheirownfestivals.ThemostimportantoftheseistheLanternFestival.It’snotreallyclearhowtheLanternFestivals____58____.Whatisknownisthatthefestivalisover2,000yearsold.Inoneolds____59____,anemperororderedpeopletolightlanternstohonorBuddha.Muchlater,peoplebegantocarryaroundredpaperlanternswithriddlesonthem.Inmanycities,peoplecomet____60____inparkswiththeirlanterns,anditisagametowalkaroundandtrytosolveeachother’sriddles.DuringtheTangDynasty(618-907）,thefestivalbecamesoimportantthatitwentonforthreedays.Everyonewasallowedtojoininthefun,evensinglewomencouldgetoutofthehouseatnight.Forthisr____61____,thefestivalbecamelinkedwithdatingandlove.DuringtheLanternFestival,manypeopleeattangyuanoryuanxiao.Infact,eatingyuanxiaoissopopularthatanothernamefortheLanternFestivalistheYuanxiaoFestival.Tangyuanandyuanxiaoareverys____62____,andsomepeopleevensaytheyarethesamefood.Botharedumplingsmadeofriceflour.Somearesweetandsomearesalty.ThesefoodsaremostofteneatenathomewiththefamilyonthedayoftheLanternFestival.Ofcourse,animportantpartoftheLanternFestivalisthelanternst____63____.Somecitiestrytohavethelargest,mostbeautifullanternsaround,ofalldifferentkindsofshapesandsizes.Duringthistimeofyear,youcanseestreetslinedwithlanternsandparksthatareseasoflanterns,makingeveryonefeelfestiveandhappy.【答案】57．(c)ustom58．(s)tarted59．(s)tory60．(t)ogether61．(r)eason62．(s)imilar63．(t)hemselves【解析】【分析】本文介紹了中國的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日——元宵節(jié)。57．句意：大多數(shù)人認為中國新年的慶祝僅持續(xù)一天，但按照慣例，這是一個為期十五天的慶?；顒印Ｓ烧Z境可知，中國對于春節(jié)的慶祝為期15天，這是一個習俗。bycustom意為“按照慣例，按照習俗”，故填(c)ustom。58．句意：人們并不清楚元宵節(jié)是如何開始的。結合下一句“Whatisknownisthatthefestivalisover2,000yearsold.”及本段內容可知，本段在講述有關元宵節(jié)開始的傳說，start意為“開始”，應使用一般過去時，故填(s)tarted。59．句意：在一個古老的故事里，一個皇帝命令人們點燈籠來拜佛。結合文中“anemperororderedpeopletolightlanternstohonorBuddha.”可知這是一個古老的傳說故事，故填(s)tory。60．句意：在許多城市，人們拿著燈籠相聚到公園。結合句意可知，此處表示人們拿著燈籠到公園中進行猜謎等游戲，cometogether意為“一起來，相聚到一起”，故填(t)ogether。61．句意：由于這個原因，這個節(jié)日和約會與愛聯(lián)系到了一起。結合句意可知，元宵節(jié)之所以和約會與愛聯(lián)系到一起是由于這個原因，“forthisreason”表示“因此，由于這個緣故”，故填(r)eason。62．句意：湯圓和元宵是非常相似的。結合文中“somepeopleevensaytheyarethesamefood.”可知正是由于湯圓和元宵很相似，所以人們才會認為它們是同一種食物。故填(s)imilar。63．句意：當然，燈節(jié)的一個重要部分是燈籠本身。此處強調lanterns，反身代詞用于強調時常作主語或賓語的同位語，置于所強調的詞后面。lanternsthemselves表示燈籠本身，故填(t)hemselves。（五）（2022·上海崇明·一模）WhenEmilyCumminswasfouryearsold,hergrandfathergaveherahammer.Shelovedusingit,andstartedtolearnhowtomaketoysfromoldthingsthatnobodyusedanymore.Whenshewasateenager,shewasveryc____64____andalwaysthoughtlotaboutmakinginventionstohelpotherpeople.Emily’sgrandfatherhadanillness.Hehadalotofpaininhishandsandfingers.Oneday,Emilysawthathehadt____65____gettingtoothpaste(牙膏)outofthetube.Shemadeaninventionthathelpedhimwiththis,andwontheYoungEngineerforBritainAwardforhertoothpastedispenser.Afewyearslater,EmilylearntabouttheseriouswatershortageinsomeAfricancountries.Thewomenandchildrenthereoftenwalkmanykilometresadaytogetwaterfortheirvillages.Theyusuallyputthebucketsontheirheads.Therefore,theyhavetowalkc____66____soasnottospill(濺出)thewater.Emily’sinventionisasimplewatercarrier.Itmakesitpossibleforthewomentotransportuptofivebucketseachtime.Besides,itiseasyforthemtor____67____thewatercarrierwhenitisbrokenasitismadeofwood.Herlatestprojectisasimplefridgethatrunswithoutelectricity,butonlyneedsthee____68____thatcomesfromthesun.TherearenowthousandsoffamiliesinvillagesinZambia,NamibiaandSouthAfricawhouseittokeepmilk,foodandmedicinescool.Emilyisnowayoungwoman.Sheisthewinnerofseveralp____69____forherinventions.Shewasnamedoneoftheworld’stoptenyoungpeople.Emilyfrequentlyvisitsschoolsandtalkstoteenagers.Shewantstoe____70____themtocomeupwithnewideasthatmaketheworldabetterplace.Shewantstouseherskillstomakeadifference.【答案】64．(c)reative65．(t)rouble66．(c)arefully67．(r)epair68．(e)nergy69．(p)rizes70．(e)ncourage【解析】【分析】本文是記敘文，短文講述了“世界十大青年”人物艾米麗的創(chuàng)新故事。64．句意：當她十幾歲的時候，她很有創(chuàng)造力，總是想著發(fā)明來幫助別人。設空處作表語，根據(jù)下文“andalwaysthoughtlotaboutmakinginventionstohelpotherpeople”和首字母提示，可知是說艾米麗喜歡創(chuàng)新，creative“創(chuàng)造性的”符合語境，故填(c)reative。65．句意：有一天，艾米麗發(fā)現(xiàn)他很難把牙膏從管子里取出來。havetroubledoingsth.表示“做某事有困難”，是固定短語，故填(t)rouble。66．句意：因此，他們必須小心走路，以免把水灑出來。設空處修飾動詞walk需用副詞，根據(jù)下文“soasnottospillthewater”和首字母提示，可知需小心謹慎，carefully“小心地”符合語境，故填(c)arefully。67．句意：此外，當水車壞了，她們很容易修理，因為它是木制的。本句是固定句型“Itis+形容詞+forsb.+不定式短語”結構，表示“對某人來說做某事是……的”，it是形式主語，后面的不定式是真正主語；根據(jù)下文“whenitisbroken”和首字母提示，可知是說修理水車，repair“修理”符合語境，故填(r)epair。68．句意：她的最新項目是一個簡單的冰箱，無需電力，只是需要來自太陽的能量。定冠詞the后接名詞，根據(jù)上下文“thatrunswithoutelectricity,butonlyneedsthe…thatcomesfromthesun”和首字母提示，可知需要來自太陽的能量，energy表示“能源”，是不可數(shù)名詞，符合語境，故填(e)nergy。69．句意：她的發(fā)明使她獲得了好幾項大獎。根據(jù)題干“Sheisthewinnerofseveral…forherinventions”和首字母提示，可知是說艾米麗得了幾項大獎，prize“獎賞”符合語境；由several可知用復數(shù)形式，故填(p)rizes。70．句意：她想鼓勵他們提出新的想法，讓世界變得更美好。根據(jù)上下文“Emilyfrequentlyvisitsschoolsandtalkstoteenagers…tocomeupwithnewideas”和首字母提示，可知艾米麗鼓勵他們創(chuàng)新，encourage“鼓勵”符合語境；wanttodosth.“想要做某事”是固定結構，故填(e)ncourage。（六）（2022·上海靜安·一模）Iwascyclingandsawapersonabout250metersaheadofme.IcouldtellIwascyclingalittlef__71__thanhim.Idecidedtocatchupwithhim.Ihadaboutakilometretogoontheroadbeforeturningoff.Istartedcyclingmoreandmorequickly.Afterawhile,Iwaso__72__about100metresbehindhim,soIreallyspedupandtriedmybest.Finally,Ipassedhim.Ontheinside,Ifeltsod__73__.Idefeatedhim!Buthedidn’tknowwewereracing.AfterIpassedhim,Ifeltsohappyandrodeon.SoonIfoundthatIhadmissedmyturnandhadtor__74__.Isn’tthatwhathappensinlifewhenwecompetewithothers,tryingtooutdothemortryingtoshowthatwearemores__75__ormoreimportant?Wethinkitisanexcitingmoment,sowespendourtimeande__76__runningafterthemandmissoutonourownpaths.Theproblemwithanunhealthyraceisthatit’saneverendingcycle.Therewillalwaysbes__77__aheadofyouinonewayoranother.Whatyoushoulddoisjustrunyourownraceandwishotherswell.Whereveryougo,nomatterwhattheweatheris,alwaysbringyourownsunshine.【答案】71．(f)aster72．(o)nly73．(d)elighted74．(r)eturn75．(s)uccessful76．(e)nergy77．(s)omebody##(s)omeone【解析】【分析】本文通過介紹作者自己的親身經(jīng)歷，告訴我們沒有必要總是打敗別人的道理。71．句意：我看得出來我騎車比他快一點。由句中的“than”可知，此處使用比較級；根據(jù)下文“Idecidedtocatchupwithhim.我決定追上他?！笨芍?，我要想追上前方那個人，就得比他騎快點。fast“快速地”，其比較級為faster“較快地”。故填(f)aster。72．句意：過了一會兒，我離他只有100米遠了，所以我加快了速度，盡了最大努力。根據(jù)下文“spedupandtriedmybest”可知，我加速了，與他的距離縮短了，距離他僅僅有100米。故填(o)nly。73．句意：在內心，我感到如此高興。根據(jù)后文“Idefeatedhim!”可知，作者打敗了他，內心愉悅。故填(d)elighted。74．句意：很快，我發(fā)現(xiàn)我已經(jīng)錯過了我的路口，不得不折返回去。根據(jù)文中“missedmyturn”可知作者為了超越前面的人而錯過了路口，不得不往回走。故填(r)eturn。75．句意：當我們和別人競爭時，努力去超過別人或展示我們比別人更加成功、更加重要時，這種情景難道不是發(fā)生在我們生活中嗎？結合本句中“outdothem”以及“moreimportant”，可知與之并列的為“moresuccessful”，故填(s)uccessful。76．句意：我們花費時間和精力追逐他們，結果卻錯過了自己的路。句中“spend”意為花費，需要加時間或精力作賓語，故填(e)nergy。77．句意：在你前面的一條路或其他路上，總會有某人領先于你。結合文中“Whatyoushoulddoisjustrunyourownraceandwishotherswell.”可知，走好自己的路，也祝福別人。故填(s)omebody或(s)omeone。（七）（2021·上海奉賢·二模）The“DoubleEleven”ShoppingFestivalisoneofthelargestshoppingfestivalsinChina.Lastyear,thefestivalwentonforelevendays.Alibabaalonesaw498.2billionyuanintrade.Manypeoplebelievesuchlargeshoppingfestivalscanhelpthems___106___lotsofmoney.Afterall,manystoresdodiscount(打折)theirgoods.Butifyoutakeasecondlookatthesaleprices,you’llfindthatmanyofthemendin“9”or“.99”.Inoureverydaylife,wer___107___say“Justgiveme5.99minutes”,it’snotcommontosay“Justgiveme59minutes”,either.Wearemorelikelytosay“Justgivemesixminutes”and“Justgiveme60minutes”.Whydostoresprefertheotherwayround?AccordingtoLeeE.Hibbett,aprofessorofmarketing,thispricingstrategy(策略)hasbeenaroundforaboutacentury.Nooneknowswhoinventedit.However,storesalllikeit.Pricesthatendin“.99”and“9”simplygetmorecustomers.Thestrategy(策略)isbasedonthef___108___thatwereadfromlefttoright.Onapricetag(標簽),thenumberonthefarleftimpressesusthemost.So,eventhough5.99dollarsisprettyc___109___to6dollars,it’sthe“5”thatimpressesusmost.Aproductthatsellsfor5.99dollarsjustseemslikeabetterdealthanasimilaronethatsellsfor6dollars.Ina2016study,Hibbett,aprofessorofmarketingaskedaclothingcompanytor___110___thepriceofoneofitsdresses.Heandhisworkmatesallthoughtfewerpeoplewouldbuythedress.Theresult,however,s____111____them.Demand(需求)increasedbyathird.Increasingthepricefrom$34to$44madenodifferenceatall.Sobec___112___withpricesthatendin“9”or“.99”.Theymaymakeyouspendmoremoney!【答案】106．(s)ave107．(r)arely108．(f)act109．(c)lose110．(r)aise111．(s)urprised112．(c)areful【解析】【分析】心理學研究表明，由于我們從左到右閱讀，在價格標簽上，最左邊的數(shù)字會給我們留下最深刻的印象。因此，當我們購物時，要小心那些以“9”或“.99”結尾的價格，它們可能會讓我們花更多錢。106．句意：很多人認為這樣的大型購物節(jié)可以幫他們節(jié)省很多錢。根據(jù)“Afterall,manystoresdodiscounttheirgoods.”可知許多商場打折，應該是幫人們省錢。save節(jié)省。helpsb.dosth.幫助某人做某事。故填(s)ave。107．句意：在我們的日常生活中，我們很少說“就給我5.99分鐘”，說“就給我59分鐘”也不常見。結合常識可知很少說“Justgiveme5.99minutes”這句話，再由“either”可知用表示否定含義的副詞。rarely很少地。故填(r)arely。108．句意：這個策略是基于我們從左到右閱讀的事實。根據(jù)“wereadfromlefttoright”結合常識可知從左到右閱讀是個事實，fact事實，特指從左到右讀這一事實，用單數(shù)。故填(f)act。109．句意：所以，盡管5.99美元和6美元很接近，但給我們印象最深的還是“5”。根據(jù)“5.99dollarsisprettyc...to6dollars”及常識可知5.99美元很接近于6美元，becloseto接近。故填(c)lose。110．句意：在2016年的一項研究中，市場營銷教授希貝特要求一家服裝公司提高其一件連衣裙的價格。根據(jù)“Increasingthepricefrom$34to$44madenodifferenceatall.”可知價格從34美元提高到了44美元。raise提高。ask...todosth.要求……做某事。故填(r)aise。111．句意：然而，結果卻讓他們大吃一驚。價格上升后需求反而增長了，這是令人吃驚的，句中缺少謂語，surprise使驚訝，根據(jù)上下文可知用一般過去時，surprise的過去式是surprised。故填(s)urprised。112．句意：所以要小心以“9”或“.99”結尾的價格。根據(jù)“Theymaymakeyouspendmoremoney!”可知這些價格可能會使人花更多錢，應該小心，careful小心的，在句中作表語。故填(c)areful。（八）（2021·上海青浦·二模）WhatisEarthHour?EarthHourisorganizedbytheWorldWideFundforNature(WWF)andit’sabigeventusuallyattheendofMarcheveryyear.Onthisevening,people‘godark’-thatis,switchofflightsintheirhomes,schoolsandbusinessesallatthesametimeforonehour.EarthHourstartedinAustraliain2007,when2.2millionpeopleinSydneyturnedoffallunnecessarylightsforanhour.Sincethenithasgrownintoani_____113_____event,andmanycountriesaroundtheworldhavetakenpart.FamousbuildingsthathavegonedarkforEarthHouri_____114_____BuckinghamPalaceinLondon,theEiffelTowerinParis,theForbiddenCityinBeijingandNewYork’sEmpireStateBuilding.EvenastronautsontheSpaceStationhavetakenpartbyreducingtheirpoweruseonthestation,andGooglehasshownits

s____115____bymakingadarkhomepagefortheevent.What’stheideab_____116_____EarthHour?Theideaistoraiseawarenessofenvironmentalissuesandcallforactiontoprotectnature.It’struethatswitchingoffthelightsforjustonehoursavesonlyasmallamountofpower.Butthisisonlythe

b_____117_____.Ononelevel,joininginEarthHourmakespeoplethinkabouttheproblemofenvironmentalissuesandwhatwecandoineverydaylifetoprotectnature.Forexample,eatinglessmeat,usinglow-energyelectricalitemsinsteadofhigh-energyo_____118_____andusinggreenformsoftransportallhelptheplanet.Butonanotherlevel,alargenumberofpeopleallactingt_____119_____sendsapowerfulmessagetogovernmentsandcompanies.Itpushesthemtotakeactiononalargescalebyconsideringgreenissueswhenmakingbigdecisions.【答案】113．international114．include115．support116．behind117．beginning118．ones119．together【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了由世界自然基金會組織的“地球一小時”活動，督促人們重視環(huán)境保護。113．句意：從那時起，它已發(fā)展成為一項國際活動，世界上許多國家都參加了。根據(jù)后句“andmanycountriesaroundtheworldhavetakenpart.”和首字母提示可知，空處應是international，國際的，形容詞。故填international。114．句意：為“地球一小時”而陷入黑暗的著名建筑包括倫敦的白金漢宮、巴黎的埃菲爾鐵塔、北京的紫禁城和紐約的帝國大廈。根據(jù)主語“Famousbuildings”和賓語“BuckinghamPalaceinLondon,theEiffelTowerinParis,theForbiddenCityinBeijingandNewYork’sEmpireStateBuilding”的關系和首字母提示可知，空處應是include，包括。動詞；句子是一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是復數(shù)形式，故動詞用原形即可。故填include。115．句意：而谷歌也為這一活動制作了一個黑暗的主頁，以此表示支持。根據(jù)空后“bymakingadarkhomepagefortheevent.”和首字母提示可知，空處應是support，支持，名詞。故填support。116．句意：“地球一小時”背后的理念是什么？通讀下文可知，此段寫的是地球一小時這項活動的目的，結合語境和首字母提示，空處應是behind，在……后面，介詞。故填behind。117．句意：但這僅僅是個開始。根據(jù)下文“Ononelevel,joininginEarthHourmakespeoplethinkabouttheproblemofenvironmentalissuesandwhatwecandoineverydaylifetoprotectnature.”語境和首字母提示可知，應是說節(jié)省少量的電力這只是一個開始，故空處應是beginning，開始，名詞。故填beginning。118．句意：例如，少吃肉，用低能電器代替高能電器，使用綠色交通工具，這些都可以幫助這個星球。根據(jù)句意，空處的詞應是代替復數(shù)名詞electricalitems，結合首字母提示，空處應是ones，代詞。故填ones。119．句意：但在另一個層面上，大量的人一起行動，向政府和公司發(fā)出了強有力的信息。根據(jù)空后“sendsapowerfulmessagetogovernmentsandcompanies.”和首字母提示可推知，應是大量的人一起行動，故空處應是together，一起，副詞。故填together。（九）（2021·上海金山·二模）Onmyfather’sbirthday,myparentsandIwentoutfordinner.Therestaurantwasbrightlylitandverynoisy,withlotsofdiners.Waitersmoveb___176___betweenthetables.Wehadjustorderedourmealswhensuddenlyallthelightsintherestaurantwentout.Theplacewentcompletelydark.Alltheconversationsintherestaurants___177___foramoment,andtheneverybodystartedtalkingtogether.“What’shappenedtothelights?”“Ooh,it’sablackout!”Somepeoplelaughed,andotherseemedalittlew___178___.Thentherestaurantmanagercamein,holdingacandle.Hespoketoallthediners,“Ladiesandgentlemen,Iamverysorryforthis.Ourpowerhasgoneout.Thepowerhasgoneoutacrossthewholeneighborhood,andwedon’tknowwhenitwillberestored.Pleasebep___179___.Ourwaiterswillbringcandlessothatyoucancontinuewithyourevening.”Thewaiterscameinwithlitcandlesandplacedthemonthetables.Oneofthedinersasked,“Whataboutourmeals?”“Don’tworry,sir,”repliedthemanager.“Fortunately,weusegasinourkitchen,note___180___,sothechefcancontinuecookingallyourmeals.Onceagain,ladiesandgentlemen,Ia___181___.”Myfathersaidtome,“l(fā)et’sgooutthestreetandtakealook.”HeandIwentoutofthefrontdoorandlookedupanddownthestreet.Sureenough,itwasintotaldarkness.Wewentbackinandsatatthetablewithmymother.Ourfaceswerelitupbythecandlelight.Thewaiterbroughtourmealsandwestartedeating.“Youknow,Idon’tmindthisatall.”saidDad.Helookedaroundattherestaurant.“It’squitepretty!AndIfeels___182___——I’mhavingabirthdaydinnerbycandlelight!”“Youalwayslookontherightside!”saidMum.Wealllaughed.【答案】176．(b)usily177．(s)topped178．(w)orried179．(p)atient180．(e)lectricity181．(a)pologize182．(s)pecial【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。作者講述了在父親生日那天，他和父母出去吃晚飯。剛點了餐，餐廳里的燈因停電突然熄滅了。結果父親一點也不介意，因為這是真正在燭光下吃的一頓生日晚餐。176．句意：服務員在桌子間忙來忙去。根據(jù)句子結構可知，空處的詞是修飾動詞，應是副詞；根據(jù)首字母提示和句意，空處應是busily，忙碌地。故填(b)usily。177．句意：餐廳里所有的談話都停了一會兒。根據(jù)句子結構可知，空處是句子的謂語動詞；結合前句“Theplacewentcompletelydark.”語境可知，空處應是stop，停止；句子是一般過去時，動詞應用過去式stopped。故填(s)topped。178．句意：其他人似乎有點擔心。根據(jù)前句“Somepeoplelaughed,”和首字母提示可知，空處應是worried，擔心的。故填worried，擔心的。故填(w)orried。179．句意：請耐心點。根據(jù)前句“Thepowerhasgoneoutacrossthewholeneighborhood,andwedon’tknowwhenitwillberestored.”語境和首字母提示可知，應是請求大家耐心點，故空處應是patient，耐心的，形容詞。故填patient。故填(p)atient。180．句意：幸運的是，我們廚房里用的是煤氣，而不是電，這樣廚師就可以繼續(xù)為你做飯了。根據(jù)前文因停電而燈突然熄滅的語境和首字母提示可知，空處應是electricity，電。故填(e)lectricity。181．句意：女士們先生們，我再次向你們道歉。根據(jù)前文停電語境和首字母提示可知，空處應是apologize，道歉；句子是一般現(xiàn)在時，主語“I”是第一人稱，故動詞應用原形。故填(a)pologize。182．句意：我覺得很特別——我要在燭光下吃生日晚餐！根據(jù)后句“I’mhavingabirthdaydinnerbycandlelight!”和首字母提示，feel是系動詞，后跟形容詞，空處應是special，特別的。故填(s)pecial。（十）（2021·上海靜安·二模）Tourismhasbecomeahugeindustry.Touristsmakemillionsofforeigntripsayear,twiceasm___183___as20yearsago.It’snowthelargestemployeronEarth.Clearly,itcandogreatgood,butitcanalsodogreatdamage.It’struethattourismhasbroughtbenefitstomanyareasoftheworldthatwereverypoor.However,masstourismalsohassomebade___184___.Localcultureandcustomschangeasmoretouristsarrive.Toomuchtourismdamagestheenvironment.Andmoreandmoretouristsarebehavingbadly.Complaintsfromlocalpeoplearegrowing.IncitiessuchasBarcelonaorVeniceresidentssaythattoomanytouristsarriveoncruiseships（游掄）.Asaresult,towncentresareovercrowded.Theytellstoriesaboutn___185___partiesthatkeeppeopleawakeallnight.Infamousbeautyspots,wheretouristmoneywaswelcomed,peoplearenowworriedaboutthedamagetouristsdototheenvironment.Ofcourse,manytouristsenjoythebenefitsoftourisminaresponsibleway.Theychooseholidaysthatsupportthelocaleconomyandtheyrespectthelocalcultureandtheenvironment.Environmentallyfriendlytourism,oreco-tourism,isbecomingmorep___186___.Responsibletouristbehaviourisnecessary,butitisn'tenoughtosolvetheproblem.Manypeoplenowbelievethatgovernmentsshouldcontrolhowmanyvisitorsentertheircountry.Theybelievetheyshouldl___187___thenumberofcruiseshipsthatusetheirportsandshouldnotallowtoomanyhoteldevelopments.U___188___,governmentsareinadifficultsituation.Tourismbringsinalotofmoneyandthishelpsthemi___189___lifeforthelocalpeople.However,so