Unit5NelsonMandela—amodernhero一、刷黑板——eq\a\vs4\al(詞匯全聽(tīng)寫(xiě)先過(guò)識(shí)記默寫(xiě)關(guān))Ⅰ.閱讀詞匯(英譯漢)[第一屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)]1．meanadj. 吝嗇的；自私的；卑鄙的2．generousadj. 慷慨的；大方的3．easy-goingadj. 隨和的；溫和寬容的4．selfn. 自我；自身5．selfishadj. 自私的6．selflessadj. 無(wú)私的；忘我的7．selflesslyadv. 無(wú)私地；忘我地[第二屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)]8．invadern． 侵略者9．republicn. 共和國(guó)；共和政體10．principlen. 法則；原則；原理11．livelihoodn. 生計(jì)；謀生12．mankindn. 人類(lèi)13．lawyern. 律師14．legaladj. 法律的；依照法律的15．feen. 費(fèi)(會(huì)費(fèi)、學(xué)費(fèi)等)；酬金[第三屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)]16．leaguen． 同盟；聯(lián)盟；聯(lián)合會(huì)17．YouthLeague 青年團(tuán)18．quoten. 引用語(yǔ)；語(yǔ)錄19．releasevt. 釋放；發(fā)行20．blanketn. 毛毯；毯子21．terrorn. 恐怖；可怕的人；恐怖時(shí)期；恐怖活動(dòng)22．a(chǎn)nti-[前綴] 反；抗；阻23．a(chǎn)nti-blackadj. 反黑人的[第四屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)]Ⅱ.高頻詞匯(漢譯英)1．qualityn． 質(zhì)量；品質(zhì)；性質(zhì)2．warm-heartedadj. 熱心腸的3．a(chǎn)ctiveadj. 積極的；活躍的4．devotevt. (與to連用)獻(xiàn)身；專(zhuān)心于5．devotedadj. 忠實(shí)的；深?lèi)?ài)的6．foundvt. 建立；建設(shè)7．peacefuladj. 和平的；平靜的；安寧的8．hopefuladj. 懷有希望的；有希望的[第五屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)]9．youthn． 青年；青年時(shí)期10．guidancen. 指導(dǎo)；領(lǐng)導(dǎo)11．stagen. 舞臺(tái)；階段；時(shí)期12．votevt.&vi. 投票；選舉n. 投票；選票；表決13．a(chǎn)ttackvt. 進(jìn)攻；攻擊；抨擊14．equaladj. 相等的；平等的15．willingadj. 樂(lè)意的；自愿的[第六屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)]16．unfairadj. 不公正的；不公平的17．escapevi.&vt. 逃脫；逃走；避開(kāi)；泄露18．educatevt. 教育；訓(xùn)練19．educatedadj. 受過(guò)教育的；有教養(yǎng)的20．begvi. 請(qǐng)求；乞求21．relativen. 親戚；親屬22．rewardn. 報(bào)酬；獎(jiǎng)金vt. 酬勞；獎(jiǎng)賞[第七屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)]23．sentencevt. 判決；宣判24．presidentn. 總統(tǒng)；會(huì)長(zhǎng)；校長(zhǎng)；行長(zhǎng)25．opinionn. 意見(jiàn)；看法；主張26．violencen. 暴力；暴行27．crueltyn. 殘忍；殘酷28．out_of_work 失業(yè)29．a(chǎn)s_a_matter_of_fact 事實(shí)上[第八屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)]30．blow_up 使充氣；爆炸31．in_trouble 在危險(xiǎn)、受罰、痛苦、憂(yōu)慮等的處境中32．turn_to 求助于；致力于33．lose_heart 喪失勇氣或信心34．come_to_power 當(dāng)權(quán)；上臺(tái)35．set_up 設(shè)立；建立36．be_sentenced_to 被判處……(徒刑)

二、刷清單——eq\a\vs4\al(熱身自盤(pán)點(diǎn)再過(guò)基本應(yīng)用關(guān))(一)核心單詞閱讀單詞1.meanadj.吝嗇的；自私的；卑鄙的2．generousadj.慷慨的；大方的3．republicn.共和國(guó)；共和政體4．principlen.法則；原則；原理5．mankindn.人類(lèi)6.lawyern．律師7．legaladj.法律的；依照法律的8．blanketn.毛毯；毯子9．terrorn.恐怖；可怕的人；恐怖時(shí)期；恐怖活動(dòng)10．invadern.侵略者11.livelihoodn.生計(jì)；謀生12．feen．費(fèi)(會(huì)費(fèi)、學(xué)費(fèi)等)；酬金13．leaguen.同盟；聯(lián)盟；聯(lián)合會(huì)14．quoten.引用語(yǔ)；語(yǔ)錄15．releasevt.釋放；發(fā)行表達(dá)單詞1.qualityn．質(zhì)量；品質(zhì)；性質(zhì)2．warm-heartedadj.熱心腸的3．foundvt.建立；建設(shè)4．hopefuladj.懷有希望的；有希望的5．youthn.青年；青年時(shí)期6．votevt.&vi.投票；選舉n.投票；選票；表決7．escapevi.&vt.逃脫；逃走；避開(kāi)；泄露8．rewardn.報(bào)酬；獎(jiǎng)金vt.酬勞；獎(jiǎng)賞9．presidentn.總統(tǒng)；會(huì)長(zhǎng)；校長(zhǎng)；行長(zhǎng)10．opinionn.意見(jiàn)；看法；主張11．stagen.舞臺(tái)；階段；時(shí)期12．a(chǎn)ttackvt.進(jìn)攻；攻擊；抨擊13．willingadj.樂(lè)意的；自愿的14．begvi.請(qǐng)求；乞求[語(yǔ)境活用]1．TsinghuaUniversity,founded(建立)in1911,isoneofthebestuniversitiesinChina.2．Ourcompanyismoreconcernedwithquality(質(zhì)量)thanquantity.3．Theymanagedtoescape(逃脫)fromtheburningbuildingbybreakingdownthedoor.4．Thegovernmentrewarded(獎(jiǎng)賞)himforsavingtheoldmaninthewell.5．Blackpeoplecouldnotvote(投票)orchoosetheirleaders.6．Wemayhavedifferentopinions(看法)inorganizingclassactivities.7．Chinaisplayinganimportantroleontheinternationalpoliticalstage(舞臺(tái))．拓展單詞1.activeadj.積極的；活躍的→activelyadv.積極地；活躍地→activityn．活動(dòng)2．devotevt.獻(xiàn)身；專(zhuān)心于→devotedadj.忠實(shí)的；深?lèi)?ài)的→devotionn．關(guān)愛(ài)；獻(xiàn)身；奉獻(xiàn)；忠誠(chéng)3．peacefuladj.和平的；平靜的；安寧的→peacefullyadv.和平地→peacen．和平；平靜；和睦4．guidancen．指導(dǎo)；領(lǐng)導(dǎo)→guidevt.帶領(lǐng)；引導(dǎo)n．向?qū)?．violencen．暴力；暴行→violentadj.暴力的；猛烈的→violentlyadv.猛烈地；劇烈地6．equaladj.相等的；平等的→equalityn．平等；相等→equallyadv.同樣地；相等地；公平地7．educatevt.教育；訓(xùn)練→educatedadj.受過(guò)教育的；有教養(yǎng)的→educationn．教育→educatorn．教育工作者；教育家[語(yǔ)境活用]1．Inordertogiveheragoodeducation,_herparentssenthertoafamousschooltobeeducated.(educate)2．Chinaisknowntobeapeacefulcountry.It'sbeenamodelofpeaceintheworld.(peace)3．Bethune,adevotedfriendofChinese,devotedhislifetohelpingChinese.Ireallyrespecthisdevotiontomedicalwork.(devote)4．Allmenarebornequal,_soeveryonehopestobetreatedequallybecauseequalityisthebasicdemand.(equal)5．Hecriticizedviolentlythatthegovernmentdidlittletostoptheviolenceinthecountry.(violent)(二)常用短語(yǔ)寫(xiě)準(zhǔn)記牢語(yǔ)境活用(選用左欄短語(yǔ)填空)1.out_of_work失業(yè)2．a(chǎn)s_a_matter_of_fact事實(shí)上3．blow_up使充氣；爆炸4．in_trouble在危險(xiǎn)、受罰、痛苦、憂(yōu)慮等的處境中5．turn_to求助于；致力于6．lose_heart喪失勇氣或信心7．come_to_power當(dāng)權(quán)；上臺(tái)8．set_up設(shè)立；建立9．be_sentenced_to被判處……(徒刑)10．be_willing_to_do_sth._愿意做某事11．be_in_prison蹲監(jiān)獄12．in_one's_opinion在某人看來(lái)1.Manyuniversitystudentsdreamofsetting_uptheirowncompaniesaftergraduating.2．Don'tlose_heart!Tryagainandyouwillgetwhatyouwant.3．Accordingtothereport,thenewpresidentwillcome_to_powerattheverybeginningofnextmonth.4．Becausehehasbeenout_of_workformonths,theyoungmannowdependsonhisparentsforaliving.5．However,whenitissomethingbeyondmycompetence,Iturn_tomyclassmatesorteachersforhelp.6．Iknewwewerein_trouble_whentheelevatorstopped.7．As_a_matter_of_fact,_thenewsthathetoldmeyesterdayistrue.(三)經(jīng)典句式原句背誦句式解構(gòu)佳句仿寫(xiě)1.Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress,untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.過(guò)去30年來(lái)所出現(xiàn)的大量法律剝奪我們的權(quán)利，阻擋我們的進(jìn)步，一直到今天，我們還處在幾乎什么權(quán)利都沒(méi)有的階段。擬人修辭手法。主語(yǔ)是時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)名詞，謂語(yǔ)是see,find等動(dòng)詞，表示經(jīng)歷或目睹了某事。近幾年一些環(huán)境災(zāi)難大規(guī)模地出現(xiàn)，專(zhuān)家們預(yù)測(cè)更壞的局面即將來(lái)臨。The_last_few_years_have_seenenvironmentaldisastersonagrandscale,andexpertsarepredictingfarworsetocome.2onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.……只有到這個(gè)時(shí)候，我們才決定用暴力反抗暴力。only修飾狀語(yǔ)放在句首，句子用部分倒裝。事實(shí)上，只有不斷地行動(dòng)，不斷地調(diào)整計(jì)劃，我們才能達(dá)到我們的最終目標(biāo)。(2016·浙江高考寫(xiě)作)Actually,only_by_getting_moving_and_constantly_adjusting_the_plan_can_we_achieveourfinalgoal.3.IfeltbadthefirsttimeItalkedtoagroup.第一次給旅行團(tuán)作講解時(shí)，我的心情很不好。thefirsttime“第一次……”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。第一次比賽失敗，我們都感到很沮喪，因?yàn)槲覀兌既硇牡貫榇俗隽顺浞譁?zhǔn)備。(2013·湖南高考寫(xiě)作)The_first_time_we_lost_the_match,_weallfeltverydepressed,becausewehadallbeendevotedtomakingfullpreparationsforit.(四)初中考點(diǎn)再回顧高頻考查類(lèi)——記熟文化差異類(lèi)——辨清易忘易錯(cuò)類(lèi)——勤覽1.be_different_from與……不同2．be_hard_on_sb.對(duì)某人苛刻；對(duì)某人要求嚴(yán)厲3．be_kind_to_sb.對(duì)某人友好4．be_necessary_to_do_sth.有必要做某事5．be_patient_with對(duì)……有耐心6．bepatientofsth.容忍某物1.come_true實(shí)現(xiàn)2．take_a_message_捎口信3．keep_a_diary寫(xiě)日記4．haveagreatday過(guò)得愉快5．Wetpaint!油漆未干！6．beuptosb.由某人決定1.gotothemovie/cinema看電影2．gotoschool上學(xué)3．gotocollege上大學(xué)4．eatwell吃得好5．tastegood好吃6．makeafire生火一、過(guò)重點(diǎn)單詞——eq\a\vs4\al(縱引橫聯(lián)超人一點(diǎn))1．devotevt.(與to連用)獻(xiàn)身；專(zhuān)心于[高考佳句]IfeelthatI'vebeengivenasecondlifetodevotetosomethingthatismeaningfulandenormous.(2017·天津高考)我感覺(jué)我被給予另一種生活去致力于做一些有意義而又偉大的事。(1)devote...to... 把……奉獻(xiàn)于……devoteoneselfto 獻(xiàn)身于……；致力于……(2)devotedadj. 忠實(shí)的；深?lèi)?ài)的bedevotedto(doing)sth. 專(zhuān)心于……；奉獻(xiàn)于……(3)devotionn. 關(guān)愛(ài)；獻(xiàn)身；奉獻(xiàn)；忠誠(chéng)[多角練透]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Oncemarried,Joedevotedherlife_to_lookingafterchildrenandbeingafull-timehomemaker.②Devoting(devote)herself/Devoted(devote)toteachingthedeafchildren,theyoungladyhaslittletimetocareforherowndaughter.補(bǔ)全句子③Youwillnevergainsuccessunlessyouare_fully_devoted_toyourwork.除非你完全專(zhuān)注于你的工作，不然你永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)獲得成功。用devote的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)完成小片段LiLeiis④my_devoted_friend(我忠實(shí)的朋友).Sincegraduation,he⑤has_been_devoted_to/has_devoted_himself_to(致力于)improvingtheeducationofthelocalpeople.Inadditiontoteaching,he⑥has_devoted_a_lot_of_time_to_raising_money(已把大量時(shí)間用于籌集資金)tobuildmoreschools.⑦His_devotion_to(他對(duì)……的奉獻(xiàn))thisworkmovesthepeopledeeply.以下短語(yǔ)中to是介詞，不是不定式符號(hào)，后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞形式。①lookforwardtodoingsth. 盼望做某事②objecttodoingsth. 反對(duì)做某事③getdowntodoingsth. 開(kāi)始做某事④payattentiontodoingsth. 注意做某事⑤be/getused/accustomedtodoingsth. 習(xí)慣于做某事eq\a\vs4\al([聯(lián)想發(fā)散])2．votevt.&vi.投票；選舉n.投票；選票；表決[經(jīng)典例句]AftertheBrexitvote,alotofdiscussionshaveariseninEuropeanUnion.在英國(guó)脫歐公投后，歐盟中掀起了很多爭(zhēng)論。votefor 投票支持voteagainst 投票反對(duì)voteon 投票表決[題點(diǎn)全練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Hewasgratefultothosesupporterswhovotedforhim.②Whetheryouvotefororagainsttheplandoesn'tseemtomatterverymuch.③Aswecan'tagreeonthismatter,let'svoteonit.3．equaladj.相等的；平等的；同等的；勝任的vt.等于；抵得上n.同等的人；相等物[教材原句]ButIwashappytohelpbecauseIknewitwouldhelpusachieveourdreamofmakingblackandwhitepeopleequal.但是我很樂(lè)意幫忙因?yàn)槲抑滥菍椭覀儗?shí)現(xiàn)使黑人和白人平等的夢(mèng)想。(1)beequaltosth./doingsth. 等于/勝任(做)某事withoutequal 無(wú)與倫比equalsb./sth.in(doing)sth. 在(做)某事上比得過(guò)、敵得過(guò)某人/物(2)equalityn. 平等；相等equallyadv. 相等地；公平地；同樣地[多角練透]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Anymanwillbeequaltothetask,solongasheiscareful.Youshouldgiveitatry.②It'ssaidthatnobodycanequalhiminintelligence.③Menandwomenmustbetreatedequally(equal)ineducationandemployment.單句寫(xiě)作④其次，要積極向上和開(kāi)心，因?yàn)槟愕男睦斫】岛蜕眢w健康同等重要。(2014·江西高考書(shū)面表達(dá))Foranother,bepositiveandcheerful,foryourmentalhealthis_equal_to_your_physical_health.[聯(lián)想發(fā)散]表示“勝任……”的其他常見(jiàn)表達(dá)：①beupto②befitfor③bequalifiedfor4．escapevi.&vt.逃脫；逃走；避開(kāi)；泄露；被遺忘n.逃脫[教材原句]Itwasaprisonfromwhichnooneescaped.那是一座任何人也逃不出去的監(jiān)獄。(1)escape(doing)sth. 逃避(做)某事escapefrom 從……逃脫；逃避(2)anarrowescape 九死一生；死里逃生[多角練透]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Heescapedbeing_killed(kill)intheexplosionbecausehehadnotgonetowork.②Seeingthepoisonousgasescapingfromthebrokenpipe,hesoundedthealarm.寫(xiě)出加黑單詞在語(yǔ)境中的含義③Boblookedbackonlytofindanoldclassmatewhosenameescapedhimforthemoment.被遺忘5．rewardn．報(bào)酬；獎(jiǎng)金vt.酬勞；獎(jiǎng)賞[經(jīng)典例句]Maketheextraefforttoimpressthebuyerandyouwillberewardedwithaquickersale.多用心去打動(dòng)顧客，貨物就會(huì)更快售出。(1)asareward(for...) 作為(對(duì)……的)報(bào)酬/獎(jiǎng)賞inrewardfor 為酬謝……；作為……的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)(2)rewardsb.with...forsth. 為某事而用……酬謝某人(3)rewardingadj. 值得做的；有益的；有意義的[多角練透]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Wegavehimagiftasarewardforhiskindness.②Hereceivedamedalinrewardforhisbravery.③Theyrewardedthewinnerswithgiftsoffruitsandflowerswhenthematchended.單句寫(xiě)作④你提到你教我英語(yǔ)作為回報(bào)，這恰恰正是我想要的。(2015·四川高考書(shū)面表達(dá))Youmentionedthatyou_could_teach_me_English_as_a_reward,_whichisexactlywhatIwant.Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Underourteacher'scarefulguidance(guide),wefinishedourhomeworkinadvance.2．Themanshouldbecondemnedforhiscruelty(cruel)tohiswife.3．Itdoesseriousharmtochildren'scharacterthattoomuchviolence(violent)isshownontelevision.4．Hewas_attacked(attack)byadogwhenhewaswalkingalongthestreet.5．Thispositionisequally(equal)suitableforaschoolleaverorforsomebodywhohasofficeexperience.6．Althoughhemadeaseriousmistakeinhiswork,hewasluckytoescapebeing_fired(fire)byhisboss.7.Withthespeechesfinished,wevotedto_choose(choose)themonitor.8．Peopleinallcountrieswantapeaceful(peace)worldratherthanonefilledwithwars.9．Thoughhehasmetwithmanydifficultiesoverthepasttwoyears,heisstillhopeful(hope)．10．Highschooleducation(educate)isveryimportantforstudents,becauseitcanhelpthemtochoosetheirfuture.Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)1．HeoftenlentmeahandwhenIwasintrouble,towhichIwasgrateful.to→for2．Hopeful,I'llbeabletostayathomeforthreeweeksthistime.Hopeful→Hopefully3．Nowadaysmanyschoolchildrendevotetoomuchtimetoplaycomputergames.play→playing4．Foundingintheearly20thcentury,theschoolkeepsoninspiringchildren'sloveofart.Founding→Founded5．Toourdelight,over60%ofthemembersvotedtheplanwhichwasbeneficialtoairquality.voted后加forⅢ.一句多譯/句型轉(zhuǎn)換1．我送給他一本從上海買(mǎi)的書(shū)來(lái)答謝他的幫助。①I(mǎi)gavehimabookboughtfromShanghaiin_reward_for_his_help.(rewardn．)②As_a_reward_for_his_help,_IgavehimabookwhichwasboughtfromShanghai.(rewardn．)③I_rewarded_him_with_a_bookwhichIboughtfromShanghaiforhishelp.(rewardv．)2．Hedevotedhimselftocommunityactivitiesandwaspraisedbythepeoplearound.①Devoting_himself_to_community_activities,_hewaspraisedbythepeoplearound.(devotevt.)②Devoted_to_community_activities,_hewaspraisedbythepeoplearound.(devotedadj.)二、過(guò)短語(yǔ)、句式——eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)通學(xué)活靚人一眼)1．introuble在危險(xiǎn)、受罰、痛苦、憂(yōu)慮等的處境中[高考佳句]Asisknowntousall,ifweareintrouble,itisnotourphonesbutourfriendsthatcanreallyhelpusout.(2014·重慶高考寫(xiě)作)眾所周知，如果我們有困難，是朋友而不是手機(jī)可以真正地幫助我們擺脫困境。askfortrouble 自找麻煩；自討苦吃getintotrouble 陷入困境；惹麻煩havetroubleindoingsth./withsth. 做某事有困難/麻煩takethetroubletodosth. 不怕費(fèi)事或困難盡力做某事[多角練透]單句語(yǔ)法填空①I(mǎi)fyouareintrouble,Mikeisalwayswillingtolendahand.②Wheneverwehavetroublewithourstudies,ourteachershelpuspatiently.③Youcan'timaginethetroubleIhadpersuading(persuade)himtochangehismind.④Thanksforthetroubleyouhavetakento_help(help)us.補(bǔ)全句子⑤WhatworriesmealotisthatIam_really_having_trouble_in_collecting_information_and_using_language.讓我十分擔(dān)心的是我在收集信息和使用語(yǔ)言方面確實(shí)有困難。2．turnto求助于；翻到(書(shū)的某頁(yè))；致力于；開(kāi)始從事；查閱[教材原句]WhydidNelsonMandelaturntoviolencetomakeblackandwhitepeopleequal?為什么納爾遜·曼德拉使用暴力以使黑人和白人平等呢？[一詞多義]寫(xiě)出下列句中turnto的含義①Heisreadytohelpothers,seldom,ifever,refusingthemwhentheyturntohim.求助于②Afterheleftuniversityhebecameateacher,butlaterturnedtojournalism.開(kāi)始從事③Youshouldn'talwaysturntothedictionarywhenyoumeetnewwordsinreading.查閱④PleaseturntoPage40.翻到[歸納拓展]turndown 關(guān)??；拒絕turnaway 拒絕……入內(nèi)；把……打發(fā)走turnup 出現(xiàn)；露面；調(diào)大turnout 證明是；結(jié)果是；趕走；生產(chǎn)turnover 打翻；翻身；移交⑤Somecompromiseswereunavoidable,butthevideoturned_outperfect.(2017·北京高考書(shū)面表達(dá))一些妥協(xié)是不可避免的，但視頻證明是極好的。3．loseheart喪失勇氣或信心；灰心；泄氣[教材原句]Thescientistfromwhomweheardthegoodnewsneverlostheartwhenhewasintrouble.我們從其口中獲得好消息的科學(xué)家遇到困難時(shí)從不灰心。[歸納拓展]①putone'sheartinto 一心撲在……上②learnsth.byheart 背誦；記牢……③strike...intoone'sheart 使……刻骨銘心④heartandsoul 全心全意地⑤fromthebottomofone'sheart 從某人的心底[應(yīng)用領(lǐng)悟]①Thoughbeatenbytheoppositeteam,theydidn'tloseheart.雖然被對(duì)方球隊(duì)擊敗，但他們沒(méi)有喪失信心。②Aslittleboysandgirlshaveaverygoodmemory,theycanlearnalotofEnglishwordsbyheart.由于小男孩和小女孩的記憶力非常好，他們能記住很多英語(yǔ)單詞。③Thereisanoldsayinggoeslikethis,“Nothingistoohardifyouputyourheartintoit.”有句老話(huà)是這樣說(shuō)的，“世上無(wú)難事，只怕有心人”。4.擬人修辭手法The_last_thirty_years_have_seenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress,untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.過(guò)去30年來(lái)所出現(xiàn)的大量法律剝奪我們的權(quán)利，阻擋我們的進(jìn)步，一直到今天，我們還處在幾乎什么權(quán)利都沒(méi)有的階段。(1)see意為“見(jiàn)證，目睹，經(jīng)歷”時(shí)，常以表示時(shí)代、年代、世紀(jì)或地點(diǎn)的名詞作主語(yǔ)，表示某時(shí)或某地“目睹，發(fā)生，經(jīng)歷”了某事。(2)與see用法相同的動(dòng)詞有find,witness,say,experience等，這些詞在句中作謂語(yǔ)，用物作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，表示一種擬人的手法，以增添語(yǔ)言色彩，使表達(dá)更形象。①The_year_1949_saw_the_foundingofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.1949年見(jiàn)證了中華人民共和國(guó)的建立。②ThetwostonelionsstandinginfrontofTian'anmensaw/witnessed_many_great_historic_events.天安門(mén)前的這兩只石獅目睹了許多重大的歷史事件。5．“only＋狀語(yǔ)”置于句首的倒裝句式...only_then_did_wedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.……只有到這個(gè)時(shí)候，我們才決定用暴力反抗暴力。only放在句首修飾狀語(yǔ)(通常是副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句等)時(shí)，句子需要部分倒裝。①Onlybyunderstandingandlearningfromeachothercan_we_spendthosedaystogetherhappily.(2014·天津高考書(shū)面表達(dá))只有通過(guò)相互理解彼此學(xué)習(xí)我們才能一起開(kāi)心地度過(guò)那些美好的日子。②There'snodenyingthatonlyifwedealwithandovercomelargenumbersofdifficultiesinacorrectwaywill_we_achieve_our_dreams.(2015·湖南高考寫(xiě)作)不可否認(rèn)，只有我們以正確的方式處理和克服大量的困難我們才會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)我們的夢(mèng)想。[名師指津](1)“only＋從句”放在句首時(shí)，倒裝的是主句，從句不倒裝。(2)only放在句首修飾主語(yǔ)時(shí)不用倒裝。③Onlyafewofthechildrenhaven'tyetgotachanceofbeingeducated.仍有少數(shù)兒童未得到受教育的機(jī)會(huì)。6．thefirsttime引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句Ifeltbadthe_first_timeItalkedtoagroup.第一次給旅行團(tuán)作講解時(shí)，我的心情很不好。有類(lèi)似用法的詞語(yǔ)還有：(1)each/everytime 每次……的時(shí)候nexttime 下次……時(shí)thelasttime 上次……時(shí)eq\a\vs4\al(2,)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(themoment/theminute/theinstant,immediately/instantly/directly)) 一……就……①The_first_time_he_met_the_girlhewasstruckbyherwisdomandfellinlovewithher.他第一次遇到這個(gè)女孩就被她的睿智所打動(dòng)并愛(ài)上了她。②Every/Each_time_I_see_the_old_maninthepark,heisabsorbedinreadingnewspapers.每次我在公園里看到這位老人時(shí)，他都在專(zhuān)注地看報(bào)。[名師指津]thefirsttime表示“第一次”，在句中可作賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)，還可以用作連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。forthefirsttime表示“第一次”，獨(dú)立作狀語(yǔ)，不引導(dǎo)從句。③Hebecameinterestedintheyoungteacher'slessonthe_first_timeheattendedhisclass.Hewassoexcitedinclassfor_the_first_time.他第一次上課時(shí)就對(duì)這位年輕老師的課感興趣。他第一次上課這么興奮。Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Youcan'timaginethetroubleIhadhelping(help)himout.2．Intimewereachedastagewherewehadmoreyoungreadersthanoldones.3．Aftermanyfailures,hefinallysetuphisowncompany.4．Nobodyseemstounderstand.Idon'tknowwhototurnto.5．Thethiefwas_sentenced(sentence)tofivemonthsinprisonbecausehestolethingsinashopwhenhewasoutofwork.Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)1．Itwasintheyear2015thathecamepowerasthegovernorofthisprovince.came后加to2．Theboylosthisheartwhenheknewhefailedtheexamagain.去掉his3．IfellinlovewiththecityforthefirsttimeIvisitedit.去掉for4．ThebossinwhichcompanyMrKingworkedheardabouttheaccident.which→whose5．Hepretendstounderstand,butasmatteroffacthedoesn't.as后加aⅢ.根據(jù)提示詞和相關(guān)要求補(bǔ)全句子1．這是一個(gè)沒(méi)有收音機(jī)、沒(méi)有電話(huà)，也沒(méi)有電視的時(shí)期。(Thisisatimewhen)This_was_a_time_when_there_were_no_radios,_notelephonesornoTVsets.2．只有在那時(shí)我才意識(shí)到與所有的朋友脫離關(guān)系，從不與他們聯(lián)系是多么傻。(only引起的倒裝句)Only_then_did_I_realize_thatitwasfoolishofmetobreakawayfromallofmyfriendsandnevercontactthem.3．我第一次在會(huì)議廳演講時(shí)非常緊張。(thefirsttime)Iwasverynervousthe_first_time_I_gave_a_speech_in_the_meeting_hall.4．當(dāng)他的親戚朋友向他求助時(shí)，他總是樂(lè)于幫助他們。(turnto,bewillingtodosth.)Whenhisrelativesandfriends_turn_to_him_for_help,_heis_always_willing_togivethemahand.5．這座古廟見(jiàn)證了過(guò)去二百年里這個(gè)村莊的巨大變遷。(see)The_old_temple_has_seen_great_changes_of_the_villageinthepasttwohundredyears.Ⅳ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換1．IrealizedknowledgeisvaluableonlywhenIhadanotherfailureinmyjob-seeking.①OnlywhenIhadanotherfailureinmyjob-seekingdid_I_realizeknowledgeisvaluable.②It_was_only_when_I_had_another_failure_in_my_job-seeking_thatIrealizedknowledgeisvaluable.(強(qiáng)調(diào)句型)2．Thegovernmentcametopowertwoyearsago.→Thegovernmenthas_been_in_powerfortwoyears.三、過(guò)語(yǔ)法、寫(xiě)作——eq\a\vs4\al(寫(xiě)對(duì)寫(xiě)美高人一籌)(一)單元小語(yǔ)法——定語(yǔ)從句(Ⅱ)Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Thereasonforwhichshechangedhermindisquiteclear.2．Thedayswhentheytravelledtogethermeantalottohim.3．Isawahouse,thewindowsofwhichwerebroken.4．Shehastwosons,bothofwhomgraduatedfromHarvardUniversity.5．Nobodyknowsthereasonforwhichshedidn'tattendthemeeting.6．Wewentthroughaperiodwhencommunicationswereverydifficultintheruralareas.7．Thechildren,allofwhomhadplayedthewholedaylong,werewornout.8．Wevisitedthecarfactorywheremyuncleonceworkedthreeyearsago.9．Thisisthefactorythat/whichIvisitedlastyear.10．Theoldmanhastwosons,andbothofthemaredoctors.Ⅱ.用定語(yǔ)從句補(bǔ)全下列句子1．他不能到那里去的原因是他臥病在床。Thereasonwhy_he_could_not_go_therewasthathewasillinbed.2．我們生活在許多事情可以在電腦上做的時(shí)代。Wearelivinginanagewhen_many_things_are_doneoncomputer.3．畢業(yè)以后，他回到那個(gè)他長(zhǎng)大的小鎮(zhèn)上。Aftergraduationhereturnedtothesmalltownwhere/in_which_he_grew_up.4．我不喜歡你跟你父母講話(huà)的方式。Idon'tlikethewaythat/in_which_you_speak_to_your_parents.5．那間在大火中被毀壞的屋子已經(jīng)被重新修好了。Thehousewhich_was_destroyed_in_the_terrible_firehasbeenrepaired.(二)課堂微寫(xiě)作練擴(kuò)寫(xiě)——讓意蘊(yùn)更豐滿(mǎn)[題目要求]今天是國(guó)際婦女節(jié)。英語(yǔ)課上老師要求你用英文介紹一名對(duì)你有深刻影響的女性。要點(diǎn)如下：1．她對(duì)你的影響；2．你想對(duì)她說(shuō)的話(huà)。請(qǐng)把下面短文擴(kuò)寫(xiě)成100詞左右的文章。TodayisInternationalWomen'sDay.I'dliketointroducetoyouawomanwhohasapositiveeffectonme.Thegreatwomanismymother.Sheworkshardatworkandtakesgoodcareofmyfatherandmeinlife.Here,Ireallywanttosaysomethingtomydearmother.I'vegrownupandI'mabletosharewhathappensinlifewithher.Bestwishestomymomandallofyou!Thankyou![答案示例]Today_is_International_Women's_Day._I'd_like_to_introduce_to_you_a_woman_who_has_a_positive_effect_on_me._The_great_woman_is_my_mother._Since_my_childhood,_she_has_been_teaching_me_what_life_is._Not_only_does_my_mom_work_hard_at_work,_but_she_also_takes_good_care_of_my_father_and_me_in_life._Faced_with_difficulty_or_trouble,_she_still_carries_on._What_I_learn_from_her_will_never_be_forgotten.Here,_I_really_want_to_say_something_to_my_dear_mother._I've_grown_up_and_I'm_able_to_share_what_happens_in_life_with_her,_no_matter_how_tough_it_is._As_a_student,_I've_made_up_my_mind_to_study_harder_in_the_following_days_before_the_College_Entrance_Exam.Best_wishes_to_my_mom_and_all_of_you!Thank_you!eq\a\vs4\al(閱讀理解提速練——練速度)eq\a\vs4\al(4篇閱讀＋1篇七選五，限時(shí)35分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解ABessieColemanBorninTexas,ColemanmovedtoChicagotofindajob,butshebecameinterestedinthestoriessheheardfrompilotsreturningfromWorldWarⅠ.However,herrace(種族)andhergender(性別)keptheroutofflightschoolsintheU．S.,soshemadeherwaytoFrancewhereshecouldlearnflying.WhenshereturnedtoChicago,Colemanhaddifficultyfindingjobs,soshechosetobeastunt(特技)pilot.ShewasthefirstblackfemalepilotintheU．S.andwasaninspirationtoearlypilotsandtoAfricanAmericansandNativeAmericans.BessicaRaicheBessicaRaichedroveacar,shotgunsandpracticedmedicine.Besides,shewasanaccomplishedartistandmusician.ButonOct.13,1910,RaichebecamethefirstAmericanwomantomakeaflightinanaircraftbyherself.Raiche'saviationcareer(航空職業(yè))wasshort,asshemovedtoSouthernCaliforniatofocusonhercareerinmedicine,laterbecomingpresidentoftheOrangeCountyMedicalAssociation.WillaBrownWillaBrownwasthefirstAfricanAmericanwomantoearnbothapilot'slicense(1938)andacommerciallicense(1939)．Asaformerschoolteacherandsocialworker,BrownsetuptheCoffeySchoolofAeronauticsatChicago'sHarlemAirport,whichlaterbecamethefirstgovernment-approvedaviationtrainingschoolforAfricanAmericans.PeggyWhitsonAt57,PeggyWhitsonwastheworld'soldestspacewoman.Shehasspent500daysoffEarth—morethananyotherwoman,andin2008,shebecamethefirstfemalecommanderoftheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)．ShemadehereighthspacewalkonMarch30,2017andshebeatthecurrentrecordforwomenof50hoursand40minutesoftotalspacewalkingtime.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。介紹了四位女性飛行員。1．WhydidBessieColemanmovetoFrance?A．Toacquirestuntskills.B．Tofindawell-paidjob.C．TotakepartinWorldWarⅠ.D．Toachieveherflyingdream.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段的“herrace(種族)andhergender(性別)keptheroutofflightschoolsintheU．S.,soshemadeherwaytoFrancewhereshecouldlearnflying”可知，BessieColeman到法國(guó)是想實(shí)現(xiàn)自己成為飛行員的夢(mèng)想。2．Whomadeacontributiontoaviationeducation?A．BessieColeman. B．BessicaRaiche.C．WillaBrown. D．PeggyWhitson.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段的最后一句可知，WillaBrown創(chuàng)辦了第一所政府支持的非裔美國(guó)人飛行訓(xùn)練學(xué)校。3．WhatcanweknowaboutPeggyWhitson?A．Sheenjoyedherjourneyinspace.B．Shesetsomesurprisingrecords.C．ShedevotedherselftobuildingtheISS.D．Shesetotherblackwomenanexample.解析：選B推理判斷題。由最后一段可知，宇航員PeggyWhitson創(chuàng)造了幾項(xiàng)世界紀(jì)錄。4．Whichofthefollowingdothefourshare?A．Theyareoutstandingwomenpilots.B．Theysuffereddiscriminationatwork.C．Theyneverreceivedgoodeducation.D．Theyhaveshowngreatcreativity.解析：選A推理判斷題。由第一段的最后一句、第二段的“RaichebecamethefirstAmericanwomantomakeaflightinanaircraftbyherself”以及第三段和第四段的內(nèi)容可推知，這四位都是杰出的女飛行員。BKruberaCaveinthewesternCaucasusMountainsisthedeepestknowncaveintheworld.AninternationalteampreparedtodescendintoKrubera.Theteammembershopedtobethefirstcaverstoreachadepthof2,000meters,broughtfivetonsofequipmentandothernecessitieswiththem,andestablishedcampsatkeylocationsalongtheroute.Theyworkedforupto20hourseachday.Inthethirdweek,progresswasblockedat1,775metersbyasump—acavepassagefilledwithwaterthatgivescaversfewoptions.Therearebasicallythreetechniquesavailable:divethroughit,emptyit,orgoaroundit.GennadiySamokhindovetothebottombutwasdisappointed.“Nochancetogetthrough，”hesaid.Searchingforawayaroundthesump,GarciaDilsriskedenteringawaterfallofnearfreezingwateranddiscoveredthathisdrysuithadholesinit.“ThewaterwassocoldIlostthefeelinginmyfingers，”hesaidlater.He,too,wasunsuccessful.Finally,twoteammatesfoundawayaroundthesumpthroughatightpassagetheycalledtheWaytotheDream.Theteamwasexhilarated.Thepassageledtoyetanothersumpat1,840meters.Afterashorttestdive,Samokhinemerged,smiling.Therewasapromisingpassage,hereported.Butitwouldhavetowait.Afternearlyfourweeks,withsuppliesrunninglow,theteamhadrunoutoftimeandwouldhavetoreturntothesurface.Fourweekslater,ateamofnineUkrainiancaversledbyYuriKasjanwentbacktoKrubera.Followingthepathopenedbythepreviousteam,theyreachedthesumpat1,840metersrelativelyquickly.Aftermuchsearching,apit(坑),laternamedtheMillenniumPit,wasdiscoveredthatallowedthemtopassthe2,000meterdepth.Morepitsandpassagesledthemto2,080meters,aspottheynamedGameOver.Butthecavinggameisneverover.Deepercaveswillprobablycontinuetobediscoveredandcallouttobeexplored.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了探察洞穴者對(duì)世界上最深的洞穴——庫(kù)魯伯亞拉洞穴進(jìn)行探索的過(guò)程。5．Whydidtheteamreturntothesurfaceafternearlyfourweeks?A．Theywerelackinginsupplies.B．Theyhadachievedtheirgoal.C．Theycouldn'tgothroughthesump.D．TheygavetheirtasktoYuriKasjan'steam.解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Afternearlyfourweeks,withsuppliesrunninglow,theteamhadrunoutoftimeandwouldhavetoreturntothesurface.”可知，因?yàn)槲镔Y逐漸短缺，探察洞穴者才被迫返回地面。6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“exhilarated”probablymean?A．Cheerful. B．Powerful.C．Confused. D．Exhausted.解析：選A詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線(xiàn)詞前的“twoteammatesfoundawayaroundthesumpthroughatightpassagetheycalledtheWaytotheDream”可知，兩名隊(duì)員找到了通過(guò)水坑的通道，所以他們很高興，故選A。7．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．ThefeaturesofKruberaCave.B．Famouscavesaroundtheworld.C．AjourneyofexploringKruberaCave.D．TheimportanceofexploringKruberaCave.解析：選C主旨大意題。本文講述了探察洞穴者對(duì)世界上最深的洞穴——庫(kù)魯伯亞拉洞穴進(jìn)行探索的過(guò)程，故選C。CWehaveslowfood,slowtravel,evenslowjournalism.Theslowfoodmovementremindsusofthevalueoflocallyproduced,seasonalfoods,justasslowtravelbringsusbacktolocaltraditionswemissasweflyoffinsearchofpeakexperiences.Ina24-hournewsera,slowjournalismavoidsthedemandsofthebreakingstory,revisitingandreflectingonoldnews.Inalmosteveryareaoflife,weareturningtowardsaworld,wheretimeisnotaluxury(奢侈品)butarestingplaceandslownessisalmostanecessity.Butthatdoesn'thappeninschools.Coursesareforcedintoshorthalfterms.Fromthemomentwegothroughschoolgatestothetimewegetoutagainafewshorthourslater,theremustbeactivity,busynessandspeed.Reflectionisout.Wedon'tgivestudentsthetimetheyneedtoreadandtheyturntosecond-ratesubstitutesinstead.WhyreadPlatowhenyoucanreadabookaboutPlato?TheansweristhatwhatPlatowroteismuchmoreinteresting,dramaticandenjoyablethananyofthethousandsofbooksthathavebeenwrittenabouthim.Ioncemetafriend,apublishedpoet.“How'sthepoetrygoing？”Iasked.“It'sbeenagoodweek，”hereplied.“Iwrotethreelines.”Wouldweacceptthatrateofreturnfromourstudents?Slowteachingmeansgivingstudentstimetoreadandthink.Howoftendowedemandimmediateanswerstoourquestions?Silenceismoreoftenuncomfortablethangoldenintheclassroom.Slowteachingalsomeansresistingthetemptation