猜押閱讀理解說明文

猜

押

3年真題詞數(shù)話題考情分析押題依據(jù)

考

點(diǎn)

C：C篇紙質(zhì)閱讀與數(shù)字閱2024年新高高考說明文體裁

2024年新高考

351讀、音頻和視頻學(xué)習(xí)方式的差考閱讀理解說明的閱讀材料通常

I卷閱讀CD篇

D：異和效果；D篇數(shù)字生物多樣文特點(diǎn)。多為科普讀物(包

370性記錄存在偏見英語閱讀理括介紹最新科

C篇介紹了巴比倫微農(nóng)場解試題總是在技、重大成就

C：

2024年新高考(BMF)的一些主要優(yōu)勢；D篇CD篇設(shè)置思維等)、自然現(xiàn)象和

268

n卷閱讀CD篇介紹了CatrionaCampbell所著能力較強(qiáng)的自然新產(chǎn)品、新工藝

D：

閱AlbyDesign:APlanforLiving科學(xué)和社會(huì)科學(xué)介紹以及人文地

319

讀withArtificialIntelligence一書方面的文章，試?yán)?、風(fēng)土人情等

理C：題循著“了解現(xiàn)等。說明文的總

2023年新高考I

解318c篇倡導(dǎo)簡單的數(shù)字生活方狀一聚焦問題一體結(jié)構(gòu)通常分為

卷閱讀CD篇

說D：式；D篇“群體智慧”效應(yīng)分析原因一提出三個(gè)部分：說明

明337建議”的邏輯進(jìn)對(duì)象、說明過程

文C：行設(shè)計(jì)，考查學(xué)和歸納總結(jié)。

2023年新高考C篇介紹了印刷書籍和閱讀對(duì)

326生對(duì)每個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)關(guān)

n卷閱讀CD篇人類的重要意義；D篇保護(hù)城

D：鍵內(nèi)容的準(zhǔn)確理

市中的野生自然

318解，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生培

B：B篇常生活中的食物浪費(fèi)現(xiàn)象養(yǎng)科學(xué)探究精

2022年新高考I

339以及華盛頓DC中央廚房的首席神，提升發(fā)現(xiàn)問

卷閱讀BCD篇

C：執(zhí)行官科廷為解決食物浪費(fèi)而題、分析問題、

293采取的努力；C篇改善老年人解決問題的能

D：的健康狀況的項(xiàng)目；D篇飲食力。鮮明地彰顯

335的改變導(dǎo)致了現(xiàn)在在世界上一了命題人旨在培

半的語言中發(fā)現(xiàn)了新的語音養(yǎng)新一代青年學(xué)

C：子獨(dú)立思考、理

2022年新高考C篇開車時(shí)使用手機(jī)造成“分

282性判斷的教育導(dǎo)

II卷閱讀CD篇神"，引發(fā)交通事故的問題；D

D：向。

篇鍛煉對(duì)于心臟的好處

348

CCC

押題預(yù)測

押題預(yù)測目錄

一、原理和效應(yīng)類六、體育與健康類

二、人工智能類七、發(fā)明與創(chuàng)造類

三、環(huán)境保護(hù)類八、宇宙探索類

四、社會(huì)生活類九、教育類

五、科普、研究報(bào)告類十、語言研究類

一、原理和效應(yīng)類

押題1

詞數(shù)話題體裁考占八、、押題理由

316"口紅效應(yīng)"說明文細(xì)節(jié)理原理與效應(yīng)類說明文是英語閱讀理解中的重要題

以及引起解、推理型，掌握其結(jié)構(gòu)、語言特點(diǎn)和常見話題是提高成績

"口紅效應(yīng)"判斷、詞的關(guān)鍵。此類話題是高考命題常用的素材，例如：

的心理動(dòng)機(jī)義猜測。高考考過棉花糖效應(yīng)、群體智慧效應(yīng)等。

The“l(fā)ipstickeffect“referstotheideathatwomenpurchasemorelipstickswhentheeconomyisinbadshape.

A2020studypublishedbytheJournalofBehavioralandExperimentalEconomicsinvestigatedthespendinghabits

ofwomenaging18-40duringthe2007recession（衰退）.Theyfoundariseinmake-uppurchasesduringtheyears

whenmoneywasthetightest.Thereareafewtheoriesthattrytoexplainthisseeminglyimpracticaltrend.

Ina2021articlepublishedintheJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology,researcherstheorizedthatthe

“l(fā)ipstickeffect“wasaresultofevolutionarymatingpsychology."Thelipstickeffectreflectsastrategicshiftin

women'sconsumerbehaviorthatisguidedbythedesiretoattractthematestheymostdesireinanenvironment

wheretheyarerare,“theresearchersconcluded.

Thoughthispaperisfrequentlycited,a2020studypublishedintheJournalofBehavioralandExperimental

Economicssuggestedthatthewomenwhocontributedtotheincreaseincosmeticpurchasesincludedaneven

mixtureofmarriedandsinglewomen,employedandunemployed.

Itturnsout,themostpopularlipstickcolorforwomentobuyiscontrarytowhatmenfindthemost

bewitching.Thatsaid,therearevariouspotentialreasonswhylipstickpurchasesincreasewhentheeconomyis

down,andtheyhavenothingtodowithmatingandthemalestare.

“Perhapspeoplesimplytradedowntocheaperluxuryandfeel-goodpurchaseswhenmoneygetstight,“

consumerpsychologistattheUniversityoftheArts,London,Dr.PaulMarsden,toldByrdie.Thisisagreat

assumption,consideringasurveyconductedbyEfoundthat51.8%ofadultAmericanspurchaseproducts

whentheyareseekingtoimprovetheirmood.

However,therehasyettobeanyconclusiveevidenceexplainingthe“l(fā)ipstickeffect”.Whetherifslipstick,

single-usefacials,oranewbook,purchasinglow-costluxuryitemscanbeapick-me-upinthefaceoftoughtimes.

1.Whatcanweknowfromthe2021article?

A.Itdidnotobservesinglewomen'sbehavior.

B.Itshowednorespectforfemaleconsumers.

C.Itnarrowedwomen'sconsumptionmotives.

D.Itjustpaidattentiontocosmeticmarkets.

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“bewitching“meaninParagraph4?

A.Economical.B.Inviting.C.Shocking.D.Luxurious.

3.Whatdoesthe“l(fā)ipstickeffect“mainlydiscuss?

A.Shiftsofmarketingstrategiesinrecessions.

B.Consumptionpsychologyofyoungadults.

C.Causesoffemales5lowpurchasingpower.

D.Preferenceofbuyingaffordableproducts.

4.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphs?

A.Peopleinbadeconomictimestrytoliftspirits.

B.PaulMarsdenofferedaconclusiveexplanation.

C.Ebates.corn'sfindingcontradictedPaulMarsden?sview.

D.OverhalfofAmericanssufferfromeconomicrecession.

押題2

詞數(shù)話題體裁考占八、、押題理由

319曝光效應(yīng)說明文細(xì)節(jié)理原理與效應(yīng)類說明文是英語閱讀理解中的重要題

解、推理型，掌握其結(jié)構(gòu)、語言特點(diǎn)和常見話題是提高成績

判斷。的關(guān)鍵。此類話題是高考命題常用的素材，例如：

高考考過棉花糖效應(yīng)、群體智慧效應(yīng)等。

Somepeoplethinktheyareimmunetoads.Theymightnothaveheardofthemereexposureeffect-a

psychologicalphenomenonwherewetendtolikethingsthemoreweareexposedtothem.

Whenweplotthemereexposureeffectonagraphwithpreferencesononeaxis（軸）andrepetitionsonthe

other,wewillseethatittakesabout15repeatsfortheeffecttoreachitsfullpotential.Iftheexposureistoo

excessive（過度）,peoplegetannoyed.Andiftheydidn'tlikethethinginitially,repeatingitcanmakeitworse.

Therearetwomainexplanationsforthephenomenon.Thefirstiscertainty.Ourmindsnaturallylearntobe

carefularoundnewthingsthatcouldpotentiallyharmus.Ifweseesomethingrepeatedlywithoutbadconsequences,

weareledtobelieveitissafe.Thesecondisperceptualfluency.Wearealsohardwiredtoprefersimplethingsthat

takelittlementalload.Difficulttaskslikefiguringoutsomethingnewtakelotsofattentionandtime,whichiswhy

wetrytoavoidthem.

KnownfordiscoveringtheeffectwaspsychologistRobertZajonc,whotestedhowsubjectsrespondedto

specificsymbols.Agroupofpeoplewereshownaseriesofrandomshapeswhichchangedsoquicklythatitwas

impossibletonoticethatsomewererepeated.Whenthesubjectswereaskedwhichshapestheyfoundmost

pleasing,theychosethosetowhichtheyhadbeenexposedthemostoften,eventhoughtheyhadnoconscious

awarenessofthat.

Theresultsshowedthatchangesinpreferencescausedbyrepeatedexposuresdependnotonanyprior

subjectiveandconsciousevaluationsofthestimulusbutratheronresultsfromtheobjectivehistoryofexposures

alone.

Nowtelluswhatyouthinkaboutads.Ifmereexposuretothemmakesuslikethingsweotherwisewouldn't,

shouldbillboards（廣告牌）bebannedfromthepublicarea?

1.Whichofthefollowinggraphsbestillustratesthemereexposureeffect?

2.AccordingtoZajonc'sexperiment,whatdriveschangesinpreferences?

A.Randomvariation.B.Objectiveanalysis.

C.Subjectivejudgment.D.Subconsciousfamiliarity.

3.Whichpromotionalactivityshowstheapplicationofthemereexposureeffect?

A.Anovelistorganizesabooksigningevent.

B.Agamestudiodevelopsachallengingmode.

C.Asingerbuyshotrecommendationsonamusicapp.

D.Afashionbrandreintroducescertainclassicdesigns.

4.Whydoestheauthormentionadsattheendofthetext?

A.Tocriticizefakeadvertising.B.Toopposeoutdooradvertising.

C.Topointoutthedrawbacksofads.D.Tocautionagainsttheinfluenceofads.

【變式1】

詞數(shù)話題體裁考占八、、押題理由

346Zeigarnik效說明文細(xì)節(jié)理原理與效應(yīng)類說明文是英語閱讀理解中的重要題

應(yīng)解、主旨型，掌握其結(jié)構(gòu)、語言特點(diǎn)和常見話題是提高成績

大意、詞的關(guān)鍵。此類話題是高考命題常用的素材，例如：

義猜測。高考考過棉花糖效應(yīng)、群體智慧效應(yīng)等。

Yourownexperienceofrevisingforexamsmighttellyouthatsessionsofuninterruptedconcentrationcan

helpyoutobetterrememberkeypiecesofinformation.Indeed,manystudentswillengageinintensiverevisionjust

beforeatest-inthebeliefthatessentialsubjectfactsandfigureswillbememorizedreadyforexamday.

However,thiscommonlyheldwisdomhasbeencontradictedbyanobservationmadeinapsychological

study.NowknownastheZeigamikeffect,itwasfoundthatinterruptionduringataskthatrequiresfocuscaninfact

improveaperson'sabilitytorememberitafterwards.

ThepsychologistBlumaZeigarmikobservedtheeffectofinterruptiononmemoryprocessingin1927.Inthe

experiment,sheaskedeachparticipanttocompleteaseriesofseparatetasks,suchassolvingapuzzleor

assemblingaflat-packbox.Duringaroundhalfoftheassignments,participantsweresubtlyinterruptedbythe

experimentsupervisor,whileduringtheremainingtasks,theywereallowedtimetocompletethemuninterrupted.

Followingtheexperiment,Zeigamikinterviewedeachparticipant,askingthemtorecalldetailsofeachtaskthat

theyhadattempted.

Zeigamik^initialfindingsrevealedthatparticipantswereabletorecalldetailsofinterruptedtasksaround90%

betterthanthosewhohadbeenabletocompleteundisturbed.Theseresultssuggestthatadesiretocompleteatask

cancauseittoberetainedinaperson'smemoryuntilithasbeencompleted,andthatthefinalityofitscompletion

enablestheprocessofforgettingittotakeplace.

OnewayofemployingtheZeigamikeffectwhenattemptingtomemorizeadetailedpieceofinformation,

suchasalongphonenumber,orwhenrevisingasubject,mightbetoavoidtryingtorememberitinitsentiretyin

onesitting.Takealookattheinformation,familiarizeyourselfwithit,then"'interruptyourself'-lookawayfrom

whereitiswrittenforafewmomentsandthinkofsomethingelse,beforereturningafewmoretimestoremember

chunksofthenumber.Finally,piecethesechunkstogetherandattempttorecallthenumberinitsentirety.

1.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“thiscommonlyheldwisdom“inparagraph2referto?

A.Rememberingessentialsubjectfactsguaranteessuccessinexams.

B.Interruptiononmemoryprocessinggeneratesunexpectedresults.

C.Uninterruptedconcentrationcontributestoeffectiverevision.

D.Revisionwithfullconcentrationboostslong-termmemory.

2.HowdidZeigamikmeasuretheeffectofinterruptiononparticipants9memory?

A.Byconductingbrainscans.B.Byratingparticipants9memory.

C.Byenquiringabouttaskdetails.D.Byobservingphysicalreactions.

3.Whichstrategyshouldbeusedtoavoidforgettingwhenrevisingasubject?

A.Repeatedwritingandrecalling.B.Entirerememberinginonesitting.

C.Rapidmemorizationwithoutbreaks.D.Breaksinreviewandrepeatinginchunks.

4.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.TheoriginoftheZeigamikEffect.B.ThediscoveryoftheZeigarnikEffect.

C.TheevaluationoftheZeigamikEffect.D.TheapplicationoftheZeigarnikEffect.

【變式2】

詞數(shù)話題體裁考占八、、押題理由

340本?富蘭克林說明文細(xì)節(jié)理原理與效應(yīng)類說明文是英語閱讀理解中的重要題

效應(yīng)解、推理型，掌握其結(jié)構(gòu)、語言特點(diǎn)和常見話題是提高成績

判斷、詞的關(guān)鍵。此類話題是高考命題常用的素材，例如：

義猜測。高考考過棉花糖效應(yīng)、群體智慧效應(yīng)等。

Here'saquickquiz.PersonAdoesafavorforyou.PersonBasksyoutodoafavorforhim.Whodoyou

tendtolikemore?Surprisingly,theanswerisPersonB.Thisquirk（'怪癖）ofhumannatureisknownastheBen

FranklinEffect.

BenjaminFranklincameacrossthephenomenonin1736whenservingasaclerktothePennsylvania

Assembly.Apowerfulmemberdidn'tcareforFranklinandthreatenedtomakelifemiserableforhim.Whattodo?

Insteadofwinninghimoverwithsweettalk,Franklinaskedifhecouldborrowarareandvaluablebooktheman

owned.Thisrequestalteredtheman'sattitudeandpavedthewayfortheirfriendship.Franklin'stakeaway:"Hethat

hasoncedoneyouakindnesswillbereadytodoyouanother,thanhewhomyouyourselfhaveobliged.^^

Severalstudieshaveconfirmedthis.ButhowcanweexplaintheBenFranklinEffect?Somepsychologists

refertocognitivedissonance（失調(diào)）.Ifsdifficulttoholdtwocontradictorythoughtsatthesametime.Itmakesus

uncomfortable.Weresolvethistensionbychangingourmind.i6Idon'tlikeJoe,butIamdoinghimafavor,we

mightthink."SomaybeIdolikehim.”

Whilecognitivedissonanceexplainsalot,italonedoesn'texplaintheBenFranklinEffect.One2015study

foundthatitwas,rather,theaffiliative（親和的）motivethattherequestsconvey.Thatis,wehumanswantto

maintaingoodrelationswithotherhumans,andonewaytoachievethisisbydoingfavorsforothers.Thisexplains

alotaboutaltruisticbehavior.Welikebeingusefuland,byextension,welikethosewhogiveustheopportunityto

doso.Ifsinourgenes.

Yetthereismuchwestilldon'tknowabouttheBenFranklinEffect.Doesitapplyequallyacrosscultures?Is

thereapointbeyondwhichaskingafavormakesyouless,notmorelikable?Askingtoborrowabookisonething;

askingtoborrowacarisanother.

1.WhydoestheauthormentionBenjaminFranklin'sexperience?

A.Toillustrateadilemmainmakingchoices.B.Tosuggestawayofstrikingupfriendships.

C.Tostresstheimportanceofstrategicrequests.D.TointroducetheoriginoftheBenFranklinEffect.

2.Whatisareasonforpeople'stendencytolikethoseaskingforfavors?

A.Reducingthetensioncausedbysocialcontact.

B.Increasingthechanceofgettinghelpinreturn.

C.Avoidingthediscomfortfromconflictingthoughts.

D.Establishingacooperativecommunityofsharedtrust.

3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"altruistic“probablymeaninparagraph4?

A.Selfless.B.Impolite.C.Aggressive.D.Responsible.

4.WhatdoestheauthorthinkoftheBenFranklinEffect?

A.Itmakeslittlesense.B.Itappliestomostcultures.

C.Ithassituationallimitations.D.Ithasgreatpracticalsignificance.

二、人工智能類

押題1

詞數(shù)話題體裁考J占八、、押題理由

336人工智能對(duì)說明文細(xì)節(jié)理人工智能作為當(dāng)今科技發(fā)展的前沿領(lǐng)域，其相關(guān)話

我們生活的解、推理題在英語說明文中具有重要的考察價(jià)值?？忌鷳?yīng)熟

改變以及引判斷、詞悉人工智能的基本概念、應(yīng)用場景、倫理挑戰(zhàn)及未

發(fā)的道德困義猜測。來發(fā)展趨勢，并掌握相關(guān)的詞匯和表達(dá)方式。

境

AlMorality（OxfordUniversityPress,2024）,editedbyBritishphilosopherDavidEdmonds,isacollection

ofessaysexploringhowAIwillcompletelychangeourlivesandthemoraldilemmasitwillsetoff,paintinga

pictureofthereasonstobecheerfulandtoworry.Inthisexcerpt（節(jié)選），MurielLeuenberger,apostdoctoral

researcherintheethics（道德）oftechnologyandAIattheUniversityofZurich,focusesonthisverymodern

identitycrisis.

AnAIthattellsyouwhoyouareandwhatyoushoulddoisbasedontheideathatyouridentityissomething

youcandiscover-informationyouoranAImayaccess.Butthisviewmissesanimportantpoint:wealsochoose

whoweare.

ConstantlyrelyingonAIrecommendationsystemsmightcalcifyyouridentity.Byrecommendingproducts

andothercontents,youbecomemorelikelytoconsume,think,andactinthewaytheAIsysteminitiallyconsidered

suitableforyou,graduallyinfluencingyousomuchthatyoudevelopintowhoittookyoutooriginallybe.

Thisis,however,notanecessaryfeatureofrecommendationsystems.Intheory,theycouldbedesignedto

broadentheuser'shorizon,insteadofmaximizinginvolvementbyshowingcustomerswhattheyalreadylike.In

practice,thafsnothowtheyfunction.

Besides,bygivingdecisionstoAI,youmayfailtomeetthemoraldemandtotakeresponsibilityforwhoyou

are.Thisconcernweighsparticularlyheavywhenmakingthemostsubstantialdecisions.Buteveninordinarycases

likeselectingmovies,music,books,ornews,itwouldbegoodtoputrecommendationsystemsasidefromtimeto

time,whichinturn,callsforresearch,risk,andself-reflection.

AnAImightstatealotoffactsaboutyou,butitisyourjobtofindoutwhattheymeantoyouandhowyou

letthemdefineyou.Thesameholdsforactions.Youractionsarenotjustawayofseekingwell-being.Through

youractions,youchoosewhatkindofpersonyouare.

1.Whatdoesthecollectionofessaysfocuson?

A.PotentialbenefitsandrisksofAI.B.VariousdominantrolesofAL

C.RecentpoliciesonAIdevelopment.D.IndividualestimatesofAFsfuture.

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"calcify“inparagraph3mean?

A.Admit.B.Weaken.C.Remember.D.Reject.

3.Whatistherecommendationsystemdesignedfor?

A.Developingusers'broadervision.B.Prioritizingthemostidealchoice.

C.Highlightingexistingpreferences.D.Attractingconsumers9engagement.

4.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?

A.ToprovetheuniquenessofALB.TostressthehugeinfluenceofAL

C.TopresenttheconfusionbroughtbyALD.ToadvocateindependentthinkinginAIera.

押題2

詞數(shù)話題體裁考占八、、押題理由

317介紹了Al與說明文細(xì)節(jié)理人工智能作為當(dāng)今科技發(fā)展的前沿領(lǐng)域，其相關(guān)話

中醫(yī)結(jié)合的解、推理題在英語說明文中具有重要的考察價(jià)值?？忌鷳?yīng)熟

項(xiàng)目及其發(fā)判斷、主悉人工智能的基本概念、應(yīng)用場景、倫理挑戰(zhàn)及未

展情況與前旨大意。來發(fā)展趨勢，并掌握相關(guān)的詞匯和表達(dá)方式。

景

ImagineobtainingtraditionalChinesemedicine（TCM）serviceswithjustaclickonyoursmartphone.The

tiringhospitaltrip-oftencausinglongwaitsandmanytroubles,especiallyfortheold-cannowbedoneeasily

online.

ThenewprogramistransformingTCMmedicalservices.Userscannowreceiveadetailedhealthreportin

under2minutessimplyaftershootingaquickphotooftheirtongue.Developersexplainthisbreakthrough

combinestraditionalTCMtongueexaminationmethodswithmodernAIimageanalysistechnology.Withinhalfa

year,theprogramhasservedover30,000users,with94%reportingsatisfactoryoutcomes.

TheapplicationofAIinTCMholdssignificantpromiseforareaswithlimitedmedicalresources.Indistant

regionswhereaccesstoexperienceddoctorsisrare,Ai-assistedtoolscouldimprovehealthcarequalitywiththeir

medicalabilities.WhileAIoffersgreatpotentialforTCM,accuratediagnosis（診斷）stillreliesheavilyonthe

doctors'professionaljudgment.

AlthoughAIhasmadeprogressinTCM,moreworkisneededduetothelackofstandardrules.TCM's

diverseschoolsandapproaches,developedoverthousandsofyears,oftenleadtodifferenttreatmentplansforthe

sameillness,makingitdifficultforAItolearneffectively.Additionally,whilecomputershavebeenusedinTCM

sincethe1980s,earlysystemsweretoosimpletohandlecomplexpatientconditionswithunpredictablesymptoms

（癥狀）.Toaddresstheseissues,ChinaisworkingonstandardizingTCMbyestablishing180nationaland30

internationalstandardsby2026,whileresearchersaredevelopingbetterTCM-AItools.

Inconclusion,theintegration（融合）ofAIintoTCMwillgreatlyimprovehealthcarebymakingTCMmore

accessibleandefficient.However,asthejourneyisonlybeginning,muchworkremains.Withjointeffortsfrom

researchersandpractitioners,thereiseveryreasontobelievethatTCMisexpectedtonotonlyenhancethequality

ofhealthcarebutalsoextenditsbenefitstocommunitiesfarandwide.

1.Whatshouldusersdotoexperiencetheprogram'sservice?

A.Handinahealthreport.B.Examinetheirwholebody.

C.Makechangestotheirdiet.D.Takeaphotooftheirtongue.

2.Whichofthefollowingistheprogram'sadvantage?

A.Healthcarefortheelderly.B.AFsassistanceindiagnosis.

C.Fullreplacementofdoctors.D.Accuratejudgmentofillnesses.

3.WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytalkabout?

A.Challengesinthecombination.B.Achievementsoftheprogram.

C.Technologiesbehindtheprogram.D.VariousschoolsandideasofTCM.

4.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardstheprogram?

A.Unclear.B.Disapproving.C.Doubtful.D.Positive.

押題3

詞數(shù)話題體裁考占八、、押題理由

281介紹了聊天說明文細(xì)節(jié)理人工智能作為當(dāng)今科技發(fā)展的前沿領(lǐng)域，其相關(guān)話

機(jī)器人的工解、推理題在英語說明文中具有重要的考察價(jià)值?？忌鷳?yīng)熟

作原理和應(yīng)判斷、主悉人工智能的基本概念、應(yīng)用場景、倫理挑戰(zhàn)及未

用旨大意、來發(fā)展趨勢，并掌握相關(guān)的詞匯和表達(dá)方式。

詞義猜

測。

Evenifyouhaven'theldaconversationwithSiriorAlexa,you'velikelyencounteredachatbotonline.They

oftenappearinachatwindowthatpopsupwithafriendlygreeting:Thankyouforvisitingoursite.HowcanIhelp

youtoday?Dependingonthesite,thechatbotisprogrammedtorespondaccordinglyandevenaskfollow-up

questions.

Chatbotscommunicatethroughspeechortext.Bothrelyonartificialintelligencetechnologieslikemachine

learningandnaturallanguageprocessing(NLP),whichisabranchofartificialintelligencethatteachesmachinesto

read,analyzeandinterprethumanlanguage.Thistechnologygiveschatbotsabaselineforunderstandinglanguage

structureandmeaning.NLP,inessence,allowsthecomputertounderstandwhatyouareaskingandhowto

appropriatelyrespond.

Withdevelopmentsindeeplearningandreinforcementlearning,chatbotscaninterpretmorecomplexitiesin

languageandimprovethedynamicnatureofconversationbetweenhumanandmachine.Essentially,achatbottries

tomatchwhatyou'veaskedtoanintentthatitunderstands.Themoreachatbotcommunicateswithyou,themoreit

understandsandthemoreitlearnstocommunicatelikeyouandotherswithsimilarquestions.Yourpositive

responsesreinforceitsanswers,andthenitusesthoseanswersagain.

Fromcustomerservicechatbotsonlinetopersonalassistantsinourhomes,chatbotshavestartedtoenterour

lives.Inalmosteveryindustry,companiesareusingchatbotstohelpcustomerseasilynavigatetheirwebsites,

answersimplequestionsanddirectpeopletotherelevantpointsofcontact.PersonalassistantslikeSiriandAlexa

aredesignedtorespondtoawiderangeofscenariosandqueries,fromcurrentweatherandnewsupdatesto

personalcalendars,musicselectionsandrandomquestions.

1.WhydoestheauthormentionSiriandAlexainParagraph1?

A.Togiveexamplesofchatbots.B.Toshowwheretofindachatbot.

C.Toexplainhowachatbotworks.D.Tocomparedifferentchatbots.

2.Whatisthebasisofchatbots?

A.Languagestudy.B.Datatransmission.

C.Socialinteraction.D.Naturallanguageprocessing.

3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"reinfdrce“inparagraph3mean?

A?Inspire.B.Strengthen.

C.Organize.D.Match.

4.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Thefuturetrendofchatbots.B.Theauthor'spredictions.

C.Theapplicationsofchatbots.D.Theeffectsofchatbots.

押題4

詞數(shù)話題體裁考占八、、押題理由

328人工智能在說明文細(xì)節(jié)理人工智能作為當(dāng)今科技發(fā)展的前沿領(lǐng)域，其相關(guān)話

課堂教學(xué)中解、推理題在英語說明文中具有重要的考察價(jià)值?？忌鷳?yīng)熟

的應(yīng)用判斷。悉人工智能的基本概念、應(yīng)用場景、倫理挑戰(zhàn)及未

來發(fā)展趨勢，并掌握相關(guān)的詞匯和表達(dá)方式。

Productiveartificialintelligenceisincreasinglymakingitspresencefeltinclassrooms.Ifsnotjuststudents

whoareturningtoAIforhelp;teachersarealsogettinginvolved.ManyteachersarenowusingnewAIgrading

tools,whichofferstudentsspeedierfeedbackandmoreopportunitiestopractice.Whenappliedcorrectly,AI

assistantsarebelievedtobringaboutbenefitsandremoveprejudicefromtheevaluationofstudentwork.

Education-oriented（面向教育的）AIstartupstypicallyprovidegradingservicesmainlyinwriting-heavy

subjectslikeEnglishandhistory,andtosomeextentinmathandsc