》》》》》》歷年考試真題——2025年最新整理《《《《《《》》》》》》歷年考試真題——2025年最新整理《《《《《《/》》》》》》歷年考試真題——2025年最新整理《《《《《《中國進出口銀行招聘考試筆試歷年真題及答案解析

第一部分

英語

一、聽力（略）

二、閱讀理解ReadingComprehension

Directions：Therearetwopassagesinthispart．Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestions．ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA，

B，

CandD．YoushoulddecideontheBESTCHOICE．（A）

Imaginewakingupandfindingthevalueofyourassetshasbeenhalved.

No，

you’renotaninvestorinoneofthosehedgefundsthatfailedcompletely.Withthedollarslumpingtoa26－yearlowagainstthepound，already－expensiveLondonhasbecomeｑuiteunaffordable.AcoffeeatStar-bucks，justasunavoidableinEnglandasitisintheUnitedStates，runsabout￥8.

The

once

all－powerful

dollar

isn’t

doing

a

Titanic

against

just

the

pound.

It

is

sitting

at

arecordlowagainsttheeuroandata30－yearlowagainsttheCanadiandollar.

EventheArgentinepesoandBrazilianrealarethrivingagainstthedollar.

The

weak

dollar

is

a

source

of

humiliation，

for

a

nation’s

self－esteem

rests

in

part

on

thestrengthofitscurrency.It’salsoapotentialeconomicproblem，sinceadecliningdollarmakesimported

food

more

expensive

and

exerts

upward

pressure

on

interest

rates.

And

yet

there

are

substantial

sectors

of

the

vast

U.S.

economy

from

giant

companies

like

Coca－Cola

to

mom－and－poprestaurantoperatorsinMiamiforwhichtheweakdollarismostexcellentnews.

ManyEuropeansmayviewtheU.S.asanarrogantsuperpowerthathasbecomehostiletoforeigners.

But

nothing

makes

people

think

more

warmly

of

the

U.S.

than

a

weak

dollar.

ThroughApril，thetotalnumberofvisitorsfromabroadwasup6.8percentfromlastyear.Shouldthetrendcontinue，thenumberoftouriststhisyearwillfinallytopthe2000peak?ManyEuropeansnowapparentlyviewtheU.S.

thewaymanyAmericansview

Mexico

as

a

cheap

place

to

vacation，

shopandparty，allwhileignoringthefactthatthepoorerlocalscan’taffordtojointhemerrymaking.

The

money

tourists

spend

helps

decrease

our

chronic

trade

deficit.

So

do

exports，

whichthanksinparttotheweakdollar，

soared11percentbetweenMay2006andMay2007.

Forfirstfivemonthsof2007，thetradedeficitactuallyfell7percentfrom2006.

IfyouownsharesinlargeAmericancorporations，you’reawinnerintheweak－dollargamble.LastweekCoca－Cola’sstickbubbledtoafive－yearhighafteritreportedafantasticｑuarter.Foreignsalesaccountedfor65percentofCoke’sbeveragebusiness.OtherAmericancompaniesprofitingfromthistrendincludeMcDonald’sandIBM.

Americantourists，however，shouldn’texpectanyreliefsoon.Thedollarloststrengththewaymanymarriagesbreakupslowly，andthenallatonce.Andcurrenciesdon’tturnonadime.Soifyouwanttoavoidthepaininflictedbytheincreasinglypatheticdollar，

cancelthatsummervacationtoEnglandandlooktoNewEngland.There，thedollarisstilltreatedwithalittlerespect.

1.WhydoAmericansfeelhumiliated?

A.Theireconomyisplunging.

B.Theycan’taffordtripstoEurope.

C.Theircurrencyhasslumped.

D.Theyhavelosthalfoftheirassets.

2.HowdoestheweakdollaraffectthelifeofordinaryAmericans?

A.TheyhavetocanceltheirvacationsinNewEngland.

B.Theyfinditunaffordabletodineinmom－and－poprestaurants.

C.Theyhavetospendmoremoneywhenbuyingimportedgoods.

D.Theymightlosetheirjobsduetopotentialeconomicproblems.

3.HowdomanyEuropeansfeelabouttheU.Swiththedevalueddollar?

A.Theythinkofitasagoodtouristdestination.

B.Theyfeelcontemptuousofit.

C.Theyregarditasasuperpoweronthedecline.

D.Theyaresympatheticwithit.

4.Accordingtothelastparagraph，whatistheauthor’sadvicetoAmericans?

A.Theytreatthedollarwithalittlerespect.

B.Theytrytowinintheweak－dollargamble.

C.Theytreasuretheirmarriagesallthemore.

D.Theyvacationathomeratherthanabroad.

5.In

the

author’s

opinion，

the

weak

dollar

leads

to

the

following

conseｑuences

EXCEPTthat________.

A.ThedallarhaslittlerespectinNewEngland.

B.EuropeansbegintothinkmorewarmlyoftheU.S..

C.ImportedfoodismoreexpensivetotheAmericans.

D.SomelargeAmericancorporationsmakemoreprofits.（B）

Desertification，

drought，

and

despair－that’s

what

global

warming

has

in

store

for

much

ofAfrica.Orsowehear.

Emerging

evidence

is

painting

a

very

different

scenario，

one

in

which

rising

temperaturescouldbenefitmillionsofAfricansinthedriestpartsofthecontinent.ScientistsarenowseeingsignalsthattheSaharadesertandsurroundingregionsaregreeningduetoincreasingrainfall.Ifsustained，

theserainscouldrevitalizedrought－ravagedregions，

reclaimingthemforfarmingcommunities.Thisdesert－shrinkingtrendissupportedbyclimatemodels，

whichpredictareturntoconditionsthatturnedtheSaharaintoalushsavannasome12，000yearsago.

ThegreenshootsofrecoveryareshowinguponsatelliteimagesofregionsincludingtheSahel，asemi－desertzoneborderingtheSaharatothesouththatstretchessome2，400miles.

Imagestakenbetween1982and2002revealedextensiveregreeningthroughouttheSahel，accordingtoanewstudyinthejournalBiogeosciences.

ThestudysuggestshugeincreasesinvegetationinareasincludingcentralChadandwesternSudan.

Thetransitionmaybeoccurringbecausehotter

air

has

more

capacity

to

hold

moisture，

which

in

turn

creates

more

rain，

said

MartinClaussenoftheMaxPlanckInstituteforMeteorologyinHamburg，Germany，whowasnotinvolvedinthenewstudy.

“Thewater－h(huán)oldingcapacityoftheairisthemaindrivingforce，”Claussensaid.

Whilesatelliteimagescan’tdistinguishtemporaryplants

like

grasses

that

come

and

go

withtherains，

groundsurveyssuggestrecentvegetationchangeisfirmlyrooted.

IntheeasternSaharaareaofsouthwesternEgyptandnorthernSudan，

newtrees—suchasacacias—areflourishing，

accordingtoStefanKrpelin，

aclimatescientistattheUniversityofCologne’sAfricaResearchUnitinGermany.

“Before，therewasnotasinglescorpion，notasinglebladeofgrass，”saidKrpelin，whohasstudiedtheregionfortwodecades.“Nowyouhavepeoplegrazingtheircamelsinareaswhichmaynot

have

been

used

for

hundreds

or

even

thousands

of

years.

You

see

birds，

ostriches，

gazellescomingback，

evensortsofamphibianscomingback，”

hesaid.“Thetrendhascontinuedformorethan20years.

Itisindisputable.”

An

explosion

in

plant

growth

has

been

predicted

by

some

climate

models.For

instance，

in2005ateamledbyReindertHaarsmaoftheRoyalNetherlandsMeteorologicalInstituteinDeBilt，the

Netherlands，

forecast

significantly

more

future

rainfall

in

the

Sahel.The

study

in

GeophysicalResearchLetterspredictedthatrainfallintheJulytoSeptemberwetseasonwouldrisebyuptotwomillimetersadayby2080.

Satellitedatashows“thatindeedduringthelastdecade，theSahelisbecomingmoregreen，”Haarsmasaid.Evenso，

climatescientistsdon’tagreeonhowfutureclimatechangewillaffecttheSahel：Somestudiessimulateadecreaseinrainfall.

“Thisissueisstillratheruncertain，”Haarsmasaid.

MaxPlanck’sClaussensaidNorthAfricaistheareaofgreatestdisagreementamongclimatechange

modelers.Forecasting

how

global

warming

will

affect

the

region

is

complicated

by

its

vastsizeandtheunpredictableinfluenceofhigh－altitudewindsthatdispersemonsoonrains，

Claussenadded.

“Halfthemodelsfollowawettertrend，andhalfadriertrend.”

6.Accordingtothefirstparagraph，globalwarmingissupposedtohavethefollowingimpactsonAfricaEXCEPT________.

A.

waterdeficiency

B.

distress

C.

desertifications

D.

moregrassesandlakes

7.AccordingtoMartinClaussen，

what

is

the

main

cause

of

the

increased

vegetation

in

desertedareas?

A.

Theclimatemodelsaremorechangeable.

B.Hotairwouldbemorecapabletoholdhumidity.C.Manytreeshavebeenplantedrecently.

D.Thegrassesaretemporarilyappearedwiththerains.

8.Whatistheroleofthesixthparagraphinthedevelopmentofthetopic?A.Tomakeatransitiontoanewtopic.

B.Toworkasabooktothefollowingparagraphs.

C.Toprovideacontrasttotheprecedingparagraphs.

D.Tooffersupportingevidencetotheprecedingparagraphs.

9.Theunderlinedsentence

“…

NorthAfricaistheareaofgreatestdisagreementamongclimatechangemodelers”inthelastparagraphsuggeststhat________.

A.halfoftheareawillfollowawettertrend，whilehalfadrier

trend

B.thescientistsinNorthAfrcaholddifferentopinionsinclimatemodels

C.itisnoteasytopredicthowtheclimatechangeinfluencesthedistrict

D.therearedifferentclimatemodelstobebuiltinNorthAfrica

10.Whataretheclimatescientists’

attitudestowardstheinfluenceofclimatechangeonthe

desertedareas?

A.DefiniteB.Dubious

C.SeriousD.Negative（C）

Oneoftheworld’sfirstvideogames,Tetris（俄羅斯方塊）,hasturnedthirtyyearsold,anditsbrandisanythingbutoldschool.

But

what’s

kept

people

swiping

and

clicking

to

ensure

each

row

of

blocks

stays

aligned

anddisappearsintothevirtualworldsinceitsdevelopmentin1984SovietRussia?Acombinationofnewplatformsandanattractingpsychologicalappeal.

Maya

Rogers,

the

CEO

of

Blue

Planet

Software,

the

sole

agent

of

the

Tetris

brand,

said

theprotectionofthegame’scoreoverthelastthreedecadeshasaideditslongevity.Asmobileandsocialbecometwoofthelargestsourcesforgamingthesedays,Tetrisisn’tshowinganysignsoflosingitsappeal.Currentlyappearingonover50differentgamingplatforms,fromthe1983NintendoEntertainmentSystem(NES）tosmartphones,Tetrisissoldonover425millionmobiledevices.Morethan20billiongamesofTetrisBattlehavebeenplayedonFacebook,too.

There’s

something

psychologically

entrancing

about

the

game,

that’s

kept

people

hookedthroughtheyears.

“PlayagameofTetris,”saidRogers,

“andsatisfyyourcravingtocreateorderout

of

chaos.”

Plus,

there’s

the

added

quality

of

playing

Tetris

and

never

feeling

wholly

fulfilled.“There’snocorrectmovethatyoucanmake,”saidNeubauer,aloyalplayerofthegamewhoworkasasenioranalystatSaibusResearch,anindependentresearchandadvisoryfirm,

“Thequestfortheperfectmoveneverends.”

TomStafford,aprofessorofcognitivedevelopmentandpsychologyatSheffieldUniversityintheU.K.,saysthatTetrishasbeenaroundsolongbecauseittransportsgamersintoadifferentrealmwhentheyplay.“It’saworldofperpetuallygeneratinguncompletedtasks,”hesaid.Ashe’ssaidinthepast,too,

“TetrisisthegranddaddyofpuzzlegameslikeCandyCrushsaga—thethingsthatkeepuspuzzlingawayforhours,daysandweeks.”

“Tetrisispuregame:thereisnobenefittoit,nothingtolearn,nosocialorphysicalconsequence,”headded.

“Itisalmostcompletelypointless,butkeepsuscomingbackformore.”

11.Sinceitwasdeveloped,Tetrishasbeen________.

A.appliedforalmost33years

B.nolongerattractingandpopular

C.builtasolidfootinginthemini-gamemarket

D.updatedintomoreintricatemodel

12.WhichofthefollowingdoesNOTbelongtoTetrisplatforms?

A.Mobileorpersonalcomputer.

B.NintendoEntertainmentSystem.

C.Socialnetworksite.

D.Boardgamebar.

13.Tetrisisaroaringsuccess,owingtothefollowingEXCEPT________.

A.thegamecansatisfyplayers’creatingdesire

B.thegamehasendlessplayingstrategies

C.thegamesupportsmultipleplatforms

D.playerscanwinthegameeasily

14.ThepurposeofTomStafford’s

saying“Tetrisisthegranddaddyofpuzzlegame”is________.

A.toimplythatTerisisoutofdateandlostpopularity

B.torepresentaspecificgroupofattractingpuzzlegames

C.tosuggestthatTerisistheinspirationofnewgames

D.todeclarethattherearedifferenttypesofTetris

15.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethemostappropriatetitleforthetext?

A.WhatChangesdidTetrisMake?

B.WhyTetrisissoAddictive?

C.HowtoPlayTetrisCorrectly?

D.WhoLovesTetrismost?（D）

Whataretheroadsnottakenbecausestudentsmusttakeoutloansforcollege?Foronething,it

appears

that

people

with

student

loans

are

less

likely

to

start

businesses

of

their

own.

A

newstudyhasfoundthatareaswithhigherrelativegrowthinstudentdebtshowlowergrowthintheformationofsmallbusinesses.

Thecorrelationmakessense.Peoplenormallyhaveonlyacertainamountof

“debtcapacity”.Whenstudentsuseuptheir“debtcapacity”onstudentloans,theycan’tcommititelsewhere.Given

the

importance

of

an

entrepreneur’s

personal

debt

capacity

in

financing

a

start-up

business,studentloandebt,whichcannotbedischargedviabankruptcy,canhavelastingeffectslater

in

lifeand

may

impact

the

ability

of

future

small-business

owners

to

raise

capital.

Considering

that

60percentofjobsarecreatedbysmallbusiness,

“ifyoushutdowntheabilitytocreatenewbusinesses,you’re

going

to

harm

the

economy,”

said

Brent

Ambrose,

a

professor

of

risk

management

atPennsylvaniaStateUniversity.

Studentloandebtalsoappearstobeaffectinghomeownershiptrends.AccordingtoresearchbytheFederalReserveBankofNewYork,fewer30-year-oldsingeneralhaveboughthomessincetherecession,butthedeclinehasbeensteeperforpeoplewithahistoryofstudentloandebtandhascontinuedevenasthehousingmarkethasrecovered.

Studentloandebtmayalsoaffectcareerchoices.Havingacollegeloanappearstoreducethelikelihoodthatpeoplewillchoosealow-payingpublic-interestjob,accordingtoa2011studybyJesse

Rothstein

of

the

University

of

California,

Berkeley,

and

Cecilia

Elena

Rouse

of

Princeton.Theyarrivedattheir

conclusion

by

studying

a

well-off

university

that

began

meeting

students’

financialneedsthroughacombinationofwork-studymoneyandgrants,anddispensingwithloansaltogether.Beforethenewpolicystartedintheearly2000s,studentsweremorelikelytochoosewell-paidprofessionslikeinvestmentbankingandconsulting.Afterthepolicytookeffect,morestudentschosejobsinareasliketeachingandthenonprofit

sector.

Inmanycases,thechoicesthatstudentborrowersmakearejustcommonsense,basedonthefinancialrealitiestheyface.Ifsocietywantstochangetheskewingeffectofstudentloans,sometoughdecisionsaboutallocatingeducationalresourcesmaywelllieahead.

16.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueabout“debtcapacity”?

A.Peoplewithstudentloans,generallyspeaking,havealmostuseduptheir“debtcapacity”.

B.Allthepeoplehaveacertainamountof“debtcapacity”nomattertheyhaveloansornot.

C.Forthosepeoplewhotookstudentloans,their“debtcapacity”areweakerthanothers.

D.Entrepreneur’s“debtcapacity”shouldbestrongersinceitiscrucialinfinancingsituation.

17.ThequotationinPara.2impliesthat________.

A.jobopportunitiesaredisappearinginhighspeed

B.economicdevelopmentcanbeheldbackbystudentloans

C.smallbusinesssurvivalisinsignificantandmeaningless

D.moreandmorecommercialopportunitieshavebeencreated

18.WecaninferfromRothsteinandElena’sresearchthat________.

A.withlotsofstudentloans,peoplewillrepresstheirdesiresofhomeownership

B.withoutstudentloans,collegegraduatesprefertochoosehigh-rewardjobs

C.withouttheburdenofpayingbackloans,peoplewillgetmorefreedomofjobchoice

D.althoughmanycollegeshavefinancialcapacitytosupportstudents,theyrefusetodoso

19.Beapersonwithstudentloans,onewouldliketo________.

A.runhis/herownbusiness

B.investinrealestate

C.dedicatetopublicwelfare

D.becomeahigh-paidemployee

20.What’sthefocusofthepassage?

A.Arecentresearchaboutstudentdebt.

B.Therippleeffectsofstudentdebt.

C.Rulesofapplyingloansincolleges.

D.Careerchoiceofcontemporaryyouth.（E）

“Most

episodes

of

absent-mindedness—forgetting

where

you

left

something

or

wondering

whyyou

just

entered

a

room—are

caused

by

a

simple

lack

of

attention，”

says

Schacter，

“You’resupposedtoremembersomething，butyouhaven’tencodeditdeeply.”

Encoding，Schacterexplains，isaspecialwayofpayingattentiontoaneventthathasamajorimpact

on

recalling

it

later.

Failure

to

encode

properly

can

create

annoying

situations.

If

you

putyour

mobile

phone

in

a

pocket，

for

example，

and

don’t

pay

attention

to

what

you

did

becauseyou’re

involved

in

a

conversation，

you’ll

probably

forget

that

the

phone

is

in

the

jacket

nowhanginginyouwardrobe

（衣柜）.

“Yourmemoryitselfisn’tfailingyou，”saysSchacter，

“Rather，youdidn’tgiveyourmemorysystemtheinformationitneeded.”

Lack

of

interest

can

also

lead

to

absent-mindedness.“A

man

who

can

recite

sports

statisticsfrom

30

years

ago，”

says

Zelinski，“may

not

remember

to

drop

a

letter

in

the

mailbox.”

Womenhave

slightly

better

memories

than

men，

possibly

because

they

pay

more

attention

to

theirenvironment，andmemoryreliesonjustthat.

“Visualcuescanhelppreventabsent-mindedness，”saysSchacter，“Butbesurethecueisclearandavailable，”hecautions.Ifyouwanttoremembertotakeamedication

（藥物）withlunch，putthepillbottleonthekitchentable—don’tleaveitinthemedicinechestandwriteyourselfanotethatyoukeepinapocket.

Anothercommonepisodeofabsent-mindedness:Walkingintoaroomandwonderingwhyyou’rethere.Mostlikely，youwerethinkingaboutsomethingelse.

“Everyonedoesthisfromtimetotime，”saysZelinski.Thebestthingtodoistoreturntowhereyouwerebeforeenteringtheroom，andyou’llbelikelytoremember.

21.Whydoestheauthorthinkthatencodingproperlyisveryimportant？

A.Ithelpsusunderstandourmemorysystembetter

B.Itenablesustorecallsomethingfromourmemory

C.Itexpandsourmemorycapacityconsiderably

D.Itslowsdowntheprocessoflosingourmemory

22.Onepossiblereasonwhywomenhavebettermemoriesthanmenisthat________.

A.theyhaveawiderrangeofinterests

B.theyaremorereliantontheenvironment

C.theyhaveanunusualpoweroffocusingtheirattention

D.theyaremoreinterestedinwhat’shappeningaroundthem

23.Anoteinthepocketcanhardlyserveasareminder

because________.

A.itwilleasilygetlostB.it’snotclearenoughforyoutoread

C.it’soutofyoursightD.itmightgetmixedupwithotherthings

24.Whatdowelearnfromthelastparagraph？

A.Ifwefocusourattentionononething，wemightforgetanother

B.Memorydependstoacertainextentontheenvironment

C.Repetitionhelpsimproveourmemory

D.Ifwekeepforgettingthings，we’dbetterreturntowherewewere

25.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout？

A.Theprocessofgradualmemoryloss

B.Thecausesofabsent-mindedness

C.Theimpactoftheenvironmentonmemory

D.Awayifencodingandrecalling（F）

The

fitness

movement

that

began

in

the

late

1960s

and

early

1970s

centered

around

aerobicexercise

（有氧操）.Millionsofindividualsbecameengagedinavarietyofaerobicactivities，andliterally

thousands

of

health

spas

developed

around

the

country

to

capitalize

（獲利）

on

thisemerging

interest

in

fitness，

particularly

aerobic

dancing

for

females.

A

number

of

fitness

spasexistedpriortothisaerobicfitnessmovement，evenanationalchainwithspasinmostmajorcities.However，

their

focus

was

not

on

aerobics，

but

rather

on

weight-training

programs

designed

todevelopmuscularmass，strength，andenduranceintheirprimarily

male

enthusiasts.

These

fitnessspas

did

not

seem

to

benefit

financially

form

the

aerobic

fitness

movement

to

better

health，

sincemedical

opinion

suggested

that

weight-training

programs

offered

few，

if

any，

health

benefits.

Inrecent

years，

however，

weight

training

has

again

become

increasingly

popular

for

males

and

forfemales.Manycurrentprogramsfocusnotonlyondevelopingmuscularstrengthandendurancebutonaerobicfitnessaswell.

Historically，mostphysical-fitnesstestshaveusuallyincludedmeasuresofmuscular

strengthandendurance，notforhealth-relatedreasons，butprimarilybecausesuchfitnesscomponentshavebeenrelatedtoperformanceinathletics.However，inrecentyears，evidencehasshownthattrainingprogramsdesignedprimarilytoimprovemuscularstrengthandendurancemightalso

offer

somehealthbenefitsaswell.TheAmericanCollegeofSportsMedicinenowrecommendsthatweighttrainingbepartofatotalfitnessprogramforhealthyAmericans.IncreasedparticipationinsuchtrainingisoneofthespecificphysicalactivityandfitnessobjectivesofHealthyPeople2000:NationalHealthPromotionandDiseasePreventionObjectives.

26.Theword“spas”（Line3，Para.1）mostprobablyrefersto________.

A.sportsactivities

B.placesforphysicalexercise

C.recreationcenters

D.athletictrainingprograms

27.Earlyfitnessspaswereintendedmainlyfor________.

A.thepromotionofaerobicexercise

B.enduranceandmusculardevelopment

C.theimprovementofwomen’sfigures

D.betterperformanceinaerobicdancing

28.Whatwastheattitudeofdoctorstowardsweighttraininginhealthimprovement？

A.PositiveB.Indifferent

C.NegativeD.Cautious

29.Peopleweregivenphysicalfitnesstestsinordertofindout________.

A.howwelltheycoulddoinathletics

B.whattheirhealthconditionwaslike

C.whatkindoffitnesscenterwassuitableforthem

D.whethertheywerefitforaerobicexercise

30.Recentstudieshavesuggestedthatweighttraining________.

A．hasbecomeanessentialpartofpeople’slife

B．maywellaffectthehealthofthetrainees

C．willattractmorepeopleinthedaystocome

D．contributestohealthimprovementaswell

三、翻譯

1.Although

numerous

books

have

been

written

about

American

mothers,

only

recently

hasliteraturefocusedontheroleofafather.

2.這種情況就會引起對通貨膨脹的恐懼，從而束縛日本有效地同亞洲新興工業(yè)國家低成本制造廠家進行競爭的能力。

四、寫作

Directions:Forthispart,

youshouldwriteashortessayonthetopicofCertificateCraze.

Youshouldwriteatleast250wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:

1.現在很多人熱衷于各類證書考試；

2.其目的各不相同；

3.在我看來……第二部分

專業(yè)知識

一、單項選擇題

1.2017年中央經濟工作會議提出的新判斷是（）。

A.中國特色社會主義進入了新時代

B.我國經濟發(fā)展進入了新時代

C.我國經濟已由高速增長階段轉向中高速增長階段

D.我國經濟發(fā)展進入了新常態(tài)

2.2017年12月召開的中央經濟工作會議強調，保持積極的財政政策取向不變，需（）。

①調整優(yōu)化財政支出結構

②確保對重點領域和項目的支持力度

③壓縮一般性支出

④切實加強地方政府債務管理

A.①②③B.②③④

C.①②④D.①②③④

3.下列關于人均GDP和GNP兩種經濟概念的表述，不正確的是（）。

A.GDP強調地域性概念

B.GNP強調經濟性概念

C.一個美國公民在中國工作，取得的收入可計入美國的GDP中

D.一個英國公民在日本工作，取得的收入可計入英國的GNP中

4.關于財政政策說法錯誤的是（）。

A.財政政策是宏觀調控經濟的政策

B.財政政策的制定部門和貨幣政策的制定部門相同

C.國債是財政政策的手段之一

D.財政政策包括財政收入和財政支出政策

5.下列不屬于市場經濟基本功能的是（）。

A.利益刺激功能B.資源配置功能

C.信息傳遞功能D.信息市場功能

6.中央銀行執(zhí)行（）操作會減少貨幣供應量。

A.降低存款儲備金率

B.提高再貼現率

C.在公開市場上買入證券

D.降低再貸款利率

7.斯旺模型指出，在固定匯率制度下如果一國出現經濟衰退和國際收支赤字那么一國可通過（）政策來實現內外均衡。

A.擴張財政貨幣政策，本幣貶值

B.擴張財政貨幣政策，本幣升值

C.緊縮財政貨幣政策，本幣貶值

D.緊縮財政貨幣政策，本幣升值

8.一般而言，由（）引起的國際收支失衡是長期的且持久的。

A.經濟周期更迭

B.貨幣價值變動

C.預期目標改變

D.經濟結構滯后

9.當看跌期權的履約價格高于相關期貨價格時，該期權被稱為（）。

A.實值期權

B.虛值期權

C.兩平期權

D.歐式期權

10.保險合同是投保人與保險人約定保險權利義務關系的協議，是一種（）。

A.民事合同

B.刑事合同

C.不具有法律關系的民事合同

D.不能轉讓的合同

11．在國際經濟發(fā)展趨緩的形勢下，確保我國經濟健康發(fā)展的根本之策是（）。

A．刺激和擴大國內需求

B．擴大我國商品出口量

C．擴大國債發(fā)行規(guī)模

D．擴大外資規(guī)模

12．（）的充分發(fā)展，是實現社會主義現代化的必要條件。

A．市場經濟B．商品經濟

C．計劃經濟D．自然經濟

13．下列因素中，與經濟增長率成反比關系的是（）。

A．生產資料數量的增加

B．固定資產和流動資產數量的增加

C．單位產品生產基金占用量的增加

D．勞動力數量的增加

14．考察一國或地區(qū)經濟發(fā)展水平的動態(tài)變化的參考指標是（）。

A．年度進出口總額B．國民生產總值

C．GDP增長率D．恩格爾系數

15．在國際收支的衡量指標中，（）是國際收支中最主要的部分。

A．貿易收支B．國外投資

C．勞務輸出D．國外借款

16．我國金融機構體系的經營主體是（）。

A．中央銀行B．商業(yè)銀行

C．政策性銀行D．信托公司

17．張某投資某債券，買入價格為100元，一年后賣出價格為110元，期間獲得利息收入10元，則該投資的持有期收益率為（）。

A．10％B．20％

C．9.1％D．18.2％

18．下列不屬于經濟全球化表現的是（）。

A．金融市場國際化B．資本流動全球化

C．國際分工的深化D．國企改革不斷深化

19．在我國利率市場化改革進程中，若銀行提高儲蓄利率，則銀行的儲蓄總額最終將（）。

A．減少B．增加

C．維持不變D．既可能增加，也可能減少

20．目前我國銀行最安全和最具流動性的中長期投資品種是（）。

A．中央銀行票據B．國債

C．企業(yè)債D．金融債

21．在一般性貨幣政策工具中，能夠對貨幣供給量及經濟產生巨大的震動性，且被西方經濟學家喻為“更像巨斧而不像小刀”的是（）。

A．法定存款準備金政策B．公開市場操作

C．再貼現政策D．再貸款政策

22.洛倫茲曲線一般用來衡量（）。

A.收入水平B.消費水平

C.貧富差距D.都不正確

23.下列控制經濟中貨幣總量的手段，中央銀行不能完全自主操作的是（）。

A.公開市場業(yè)務B.再貼現政策

C.信貸規(guī)?？刂艱.法定準備金率

24.宏觀經濟理論中的財政政策及其實現方式包括“擴張性財政政策”和“緊縮性財政政策”，下列選項中屬于擴張性財政政策工具內容的是（）。

A.減少政府支出，同時增加稅收

B.增加政府支出，同時減少稅收

C.增加政府支出，同時增加稅收

D.減少政府支出，同時減少稅收

25.銀行外匯牌價表中的現匯買入價是指（）的價格。

A.現鈔轉成現匯時B.客戶從銀行買入外匯

C.居民個人到銀行換取外匯D.銀行買入外匯

26.已知某投資項目按18%折現率計算的凈現值小于零，按16%折現率計算的凈現值大于零，則該項目的內部收益率肯定（）。

A.大于16%，小于18%B.等于17%

C.大于18%D.小于16%

27.如果一杯咖啡在巴黎為3歐元，在紐約為6美元，并且購買力平價理論成立，那么匯率是（）。

A.1美元兌2歐元B.1美元兌0.5歐元

C.1美元兌3歐元D.1美元兌0.3歐元

28.關于犧牲率，下列說法正確的是（）。

A.犧牲率是指在通貨膨脹率提高一個百分點的過程中每年產量損失的百分點數

B.犧牲率是指在價格水平提高一個百分點的過程中每年產量損失的百分點數

C.犧牲率是指在通貨膨脹率減少一個百分點的過程中每年產量損失的百分點數

D.犧牲率是指在價格水平減少一個百分點的過程中每年產量損失的百分點數

29.在美國經濟學家曼昆總結的十大經濟學原理當中，下列屬于有關人們如何相互影響的原理是（）。

A.人們面臨權衡取舍

B.當政府發(fā)行了過多貨幣時，物價上升

C.貿易可以使每個人的狀態(tài)都變得更好

D.理性人考慮邊際量

30.兩種商品之間的交叉價格彈性為負值，則該兩種商品之間的關系是（）。

A.替代B.互補

C.無關D.無法判斷

二、多項選擇題

1.近年來，國家統計局公布的CPI數據成為反映社會經濟生活狀況的“晴雨表”。下列關于

CPI的表述正確的是（）。

A.CPI是反映我國通貨膨脹程度的主要指標

B.CPI用于衡量消費者經常購買的確定的商品和勞務的價格變化

C.按年度計算的CPI變動率不能反映通貨緊縮的程度

D.CPI是市場經濟活動與政府貨幣政策的重要參考指標

2.生產要素包括（）。

A.勞動

B.資本

C.土地

D.科技

E.企業(yè)家才能

3.貨幣的基本職能有（）。

A.價值尺度

B.支