專升本英語（閱讀理解）模擬試卷21

一、閱讀理解（本題共25題，每題7.0分，共25分。）

Didyouknowthatallhumanbeingshavea"comfortzone"regulatingthedistancethey

standfromsomeonewhentheytalk?Thisdistancevariesininterestingwaysamong

peopleofdifferentcultures.Greeks,othersoftheEasternMediterranean,andmanyof

thosefromSouthAmericanormallystandquiteclosetogetherwheniheytalk,often

movingtheirfacesevencloserastheywarmupinaconversation.NorthAmericansfind

thisawkwardandoftenbackawayafewinches.Studieshavefoundthattheytendtofeel

mostcomfortableatabout21inchesapart.InmuchofAsiaandAfrica,thereiseven

morespacebetweentwospeakersinconversation.Thisgreaterspacesubtlylendsanair

ofdignityandrespect.Thismatterofspaceisnearlyalwaysunconscious,butitis

interestingtoobserve.Thisdifferenceappliesalsototheclosenesswithwhichpeoplesit

together,theextentthattheyleanoveroneanotherinconversation,howtheymoveas

theyargueormakeanemphaticpoint.IntheUnitedStates,forexample,peopletryto

keeptheirbodiesaparteveninacrowdedelevator;inParistheytakeitasitcomes!

AlthoughNorthAmericanshavearelativelywide"comfortzone"fortalking,they

communicateagreatdealwiththeirhands—notonlywithgesturebutalsowithtouch.

Theyputasympathetichandonaperson'sshouldertodemonstratewarmthoffeelingor

anarmaroundhiminsympathy;theynudgeamanintheribstoemphasizeafunnystory;

theypatanarminreassuranceorstrokeachild'sheadinaffection;theyreadilytake

someone'sarmtohelphimacrossastreetordirecthimalonganunfamiliarroute.To

manypeople—especiallythosefromAsiaortheMoslemcountries—suchbodycontactis

unwelcome,especiallyifinadvertentlydonewithlefthand.Thelefthandcarriesno

specialsignificanceintheU.S..ManyAmericansaresimplyleft-handedandusethat

handmore.

1、Intermsofbodydistance,NorthAmericans.

A^aresimilartoSouthAmericans

B、standfartherapart

C^feelillaleasewhentooclose

D、movenearerduringconversation

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：題干關(guān)鍵詞"NorlhAmericans”定位至第二段第二句"NorlhAmericans

findthisawkwardandoftenbackawayafewinches.”北美人發(fā)現(xiàn)這（指前文說的“談

話時(shí)靠得很近，甚至達(dá)到面對(duì)面的程度”）很尷尬并且常退后幾英寸。awkward與ill

alease同義，所以C正確。

2、ForAsians,thecomfortzone.

A、isdeliberatelydetermined

B>measures21inches

C>variesaccordingtostatus

D^impliesesteem

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：由題干關(guān)鍵詞"Asians”定位至第：段后面部分力nmuchofAsiaand

Africa,thereisevenmorespacebetweentwospeakersinconversation.Thisgreater

spacesubtlylendsanairofdignityandrespect.Thismatterofspaceisnearlyalways

unconscious.”大意為：在談話時(shí)，亞洲人之間的距離更大，并且距離空間越大越

顯示出一種尊重的氛圍。人們保持這樣的距離常常是無意識(shí)的。所以D正確。

3、Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatinacrowdedelevator,aFrenchmanwould

A、behaveinthesamewayasanAmericanwould

B>makenoparticularefforttodistancehimself

C^beafraidofbodycontact

D、dohisbesttoleave

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：由題干關(guān)鍵詞"crowdedelevator”和“Frenchman”定位至第三段最后一

句"IntheUnitedStates*forexample,peopletrytokeeptheirbodiesapartevenina

crowdedelevator；inParistheytakeitasitcomes!”在擁擠的電梯里,美國人盡量讓

他們的身體分開一些；而在巴黎，人們比較隨意!所以B正確。

4、WhenAmericanstellajoke,theyoften.

A、patpeopleonthehead

givepeopleahug

C、digpeopleintheribs

D、touchpeopleonthearm

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：由題干關(guān)鍵詞"Americanstellajoke”定位至最后一段第二句“…they

nudgeamanintheribstoemphasizeafunnystory...n......他們（美國人）在強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)有

趣的故事時(shí)，常常碰一下談話對(duì)象的肋骨……。所以C正確。

5、Whichofthefollowingistrueabout"lcft-handcdncssn?

A、TheAsiansarelikelytopatanarminreassurancewithlefthand.

PeopleintheUSAareallleft-handed.

C>PeopleinMoslemcountriestendtouselefthand.

D、Japanesearelesslikelytouselefthand.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：由題干關(guān)鍵詞“l(fā)eft—handedness”定位至最后一段最后兩句"Tomany

people—especiallythosefromAsiaortheMoslemcountries—suchbodycontactis

unwelcome,especiallyifinadvertentlydonewithlefthand.Thelefthandcairiesno

specialsignificanceintheU.S.ManyAmericansaresimplyleft—handedandusethat

handmore.”對(duì)于一些人來說—特別是來自亞洲和伊斯蘭國家的人—這樣的身

體接觸（上文提到的如輕拍胳膊表示確信等）是不受歡迎的，尤其是有人不小心用左

手做了這些動(dòng)作。在美國，用左手沒有特殊的含義，很多美國人就是左撇子，用左

手的機(jī)會(huì)更多。由“Tomanypeople-especiallythosefromAsiaortheMoslem

countries—suchbodycomactisunwelcome”可知，D正確，A、C不正確；由Many

Americansaresimplyleft—handed可知，B不正確。

IntheUnitedStatestoday,nearlyhalfofusliveinareasthatwerefertoasthesuburbs.

Anydictionarywilldefinethesuburbsasthoseareas,usuallyresidential,thatlieoutside

citiesandtowns.But,formillionsofAmericansinthelastthirtyyears,thesuburbshave

cometomeanmuchmorethanthat.Forthosewhomovedtothedevelopingsuburbsafter

theSecondWorldWar,theyrepresentedanescapefromurbancongestiontoahomeof

one'sown-preferablyonewithanattachedtwo-cargarageonalittlehalf-acreoftree-

shadedland.Italsomean:dailycommunicationtoworkbyrailroadorexpressway,a

lawntomow,andamortgagetopayoffovertheyear.Nobodyapprovesoflifeinthe

suburbsbutthepeoplewholivethere.Urbancitiesarguethatsuburbanitesenjoyallthe

cultural,educational,andcommercialadvantagesthatcitiesofferwithoutpayingfor

them.Farmersworryaboutlosingtheirfarmstouncontrolledsuburbansprawl.The

suburbshavealsobeencriticizedforthemonotonoussamenessoftheirdesignandfor

theirabilitytoinsulatetheirinhabitantsfromtheproblemsoflargersocietyinwhichthey

live.Ontheotherhand,defendersofthesuburbsarguethatthelife-stylethattheyofferis

morevariedandmoreinclusivethanthecriticsadmit;therearemanydifferentkindsof

suburbsandavarietyofpeoplelivinginthem.Whilethedevelopmentofthesuburbshas

createdproblems,italsohasprovidedsubstantialmodernhousingformillionsofpeople.

Suburbanlivingoffersthebestoftwoworlds-thecityandthecountry-atapricethat

manyareabletoafford.Manypeoplewillalwayspreferthehecticpaceandexcitement

oflifeinthecity,whileoiherswillwantthemoretranquilpaceoflifeinthecountry.But,

forthoseineithercityorcountrywhoarewillingtocompromise,thesuburbsare

waiting.

6、Evidenceinthethirdparagraphsuggestedthat.

suburbanareasarefullydeveloped

B、farmersarcunconcernedaboutsuburbansprawl

C、suburbaninhabitantsenjoyactivesociallifethere

D^educationalstandardsinthesuburbsarenotlowerthanthoseinthecities

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：由文章第三段可知，郊區(qū)居民也可以享用一切文化、教育和商業(yè)設(shè)

施，這說明他們各方面的生活水準(zhǔn)并不比城市居民低，而選項(xiàng)D所說的教育水準(zhǔn)

就是其中一個(gè)方面。

7、Thestrongestargumentagainstthesuburbsisthat.

A^suburbanitesenjoytheadvantagesofcitylifewhilepayingforthem

B、suburbsareallthesame

C、suburbsarefaraway

D^suburbshavealotofspace

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：由題干關(guān)鍵詞against可知，本題是對(duì)郊區(qū)生活的批評(píng)。文章第三段

第四句Thesuburbshavealsobeencriticizedforthemonotonoussamenessoftheir

designandfortheirabilitytoinsulatetheirinhabitantsfromtheproblemsoflarger

societyinwhichtheylive.談到，郊區(qū)生活因其單調(diào)、千篇一律而受到批評(píng)。

8、Whatcanwelearnaboutthesuburbanlife?

A、Dailycommunicationdoesn'tcharacterizethesuburbanlife.

Suburbansloveapartmentliving.

C、Homeownershipisadreamforihesuburbans.

D、MortgagepaymentMaturesthesuburbanlife.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：文章第二段最后一句Italsomeantdailycommunicationtoworkby

railroadorexpressway,alawntomow,andamortgagetopayoffovertheyear.講至lj

了郊區(qū)生活的特點(diǎn)，其中就包括要償付住房貸款。

9、Whatcanwelearnfromthefourthparagraph?

A、Manydifferentkindsofpeopleliveinthesuburbs.

R、Thestyleofsnhnrhanlifeissimilartothatofurbanlife.

C^Suburbandevelopmenthasreducedmanyproblems.

D、Suburbandevelopmenthasdestroyedtheenvironment.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：從文章第四段可知郊區(qū)風(fēng)格各異，居民也是形形色色。

10、Thebesttitleforthispassageis.

A、BoringCommuters

B、HowtoPayoffaMortgage

C、LifeintheSuburbs

D^UrbanCongestion

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本文講述了郊區(qū)生活的定義、特征和相關(guān)的爭議及其優(yōu)勢，因此把

“郊區(qū)生活”作為本文的題目最恰當(dāng)。

Nonverbal（非語言的）communicationhastodowithgestures,movementsandcloseness

oftwopeoplewhentheyaretalking.Thescientistssaythatthosegestures.movements

andsoonhavemeaningwhichwordsdonotcarry.Forexample,thebodydistance

betweentwospeakerscanbeimportant.NorthAmericansoftencomplainthatSouth

AmericansareunfriendlybecausetheylendtostandclosetotheNorthAmericanswhen

speaking,whiletheSouthAmericanoftenconsiderstheNorthAmericanstobe"cold"or

"distant"becausehekeepsagreaterdistancebetweenhimselfandthepersonheis

speakingto.The"eyecontact"providesanotherexampleofwhatwearecalling

nonverbalcommunication.Scientistshaveobservedthatthereismoreeyecontact

betweenpeoplewholikeeachotherthanthereisbetweenpeoplewhodon'tlikeeach

other.Thelengthoftimetha［【hepersonwhomyouarespeakingtolooksatyoureyes

indicatestheamountofinteresthehasinthethingsyouarctalkingabout.Ontheother

hand,toolongagazecanmakepeopleuncomfortable.Theeyesapparentlyplayagreat

partinnonverbalcommunication.Genuinewarmthorinterest,shynessorconfidencecan

oftenbeseenintheeyes.Wedonotalwaysconsiderasmiletobeasignoffriendliness.

Someonewhoisalwayssmiling,andwithlittleapparentreasons,oftenmakesusuneasy.

11Accordingtothepassage,nonverbalcommunication.

A、isamethodoftenusedbypeoplewhocannotspeak

cantellsomethingthatwordscannot

Cxcanbeusedtotalkwithpeoplewhocannothear

D^islessusedthanwords

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第一段提到非語言交流與手勢、動(dòng)作等有關(guān)，而手勢、動(dòng)作等具有語

言不能表達(dá)的意思。因此B最符合題意。

12、TheSouthAmerican.

A、tendstokeepadistancebetweenhimselfandthepersonheisspeakingto

B、usuallystandsclosetothepersonheistalkingto

C>isoftenunfriendlywhenspeaking

D、isoftencoldanddistantwhenspeaking

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：SouthAmerican（南美洲人）出現(xiàn)在第二段，應(yīng)在第二段找答案。第二

段把北美洲人和南美洲人作了比較，可以較為清楚地看出南美洲人跟別人說話的時(shí)

候站得較近，而北美洲人和別人說話的時(shí)候則站得較遠(yuǎn)。

13、WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A、Lesseyecontactsuggestsdistanceinrelation.

B、Thelongeronelooksatyou,themoreinteresthehasinyou.

C>Thereisinureeyeconlaulbetweenpeoplewholikeeachother.

D、Shortereyecontactshowsmoreinterestinwhatoneistalkingabout.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：答案在文章第二段最后一句："Thelengthoftimethatthepersonwhom

youarespeakingtolooksatyoureyesindicatesthcamountofinteresthehasinthethings

youaretalkingaboul."（從和你說話的人凝視你的時(shí)間的長短就可以判斷他對(duì)你所講

事情的感興趣程度。）乂根據(jù)本句前面提到與自己喜歡的人交流時(shí)，人們會(huì)有更多

的眼神交流，故判定D與原文不符。

14、Toolongagaze.

A、mayupsetpeoplebeinglookedat

B、showsone'sgreatconfidence

C、indicatesone'sinterestinthetalk

D、tellsyouhowfriendlyoneis

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：答案在文章第三段第一句：“Ontheotherhand,loolongagazecan

makepeopleuncomfortable."（另一方面，時(shí)間過長的凝視會(huì)讓人感覺不舒服。）

15、Constantsmilingwithoutapparentreasons.

A、isasignofone"sfriendliness

B、isasignofone"sunfriendliness

C、makespeoplefeelhappy

D、makespeopleieeluncomfortable

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：答案在文章第三段最后一句："Someonewhoisalwayssmihng,and

withlittleapparentreasons,oftenmakesusuneasy.’’（有些人總是笑，而沒有任何明

顯的原因，這樣常使我們感覺不舒服。）uneasy：不自在，不舒服。

Therearetwomainchangescomparingwiththepast.First,therearenewdefinitionsof

whatmancanachieve,ofwhatahumanstandardoflifeshouldbe.Inrecenttimesthis

hasbeenparticularlytruesincetechnologyhasconsistentlybroadenedman'spotential,it

hasmadealonger,healthier,betterlifepossible.Thus,intermsofwhatistechnically

possible,wehavehigheraspirations.Thosewhosufferlevelsoflifewellbelowthosethat

arepossible,eventhoughtheylivebetterthanmedievalknights（中世紀(jì)騎士）orAsian

peasants,arepoor.Relatedtothistechnologicaladvanceisthesocialdefinitionof

poverty.TheAmericanrichinHongKongorinthesixteenthcenturyarepoorhereand

nowintheUnitedStates.Theyarcdispossessedintermsofwhattherestofthenations

enjoy,intermsofwhatthesocietycouldprovideifithadthewill.Theyliveonthe

fringe,themargin.Theywatchthemoviesandreadthemagazinesofaffluent（豐富的）

American,andthesewilltellthemthattheyareinternalexiles.Andfinally,oneofthe

reasonsthattheincomefiguresshowfewerpeopletodaywithlowincomesthan20years

agoisthatmorewivesareworkingnow,andfamilyincomehasrisenasaresult.In1940,

15%ofwiveswereinthelaborforce;in1957thefigurewas30%.Thismeansthatthere

wasmoremoneyand,presumably,lesspoverty.Yetatremendousgrowthinthenumber

oftheimpoverishmentofhomelife,ofchildrenwhoreceivelesscare,love,and

supervision.Thisonefact,forinstance,mightwellplayasignificantroleintheproblems

oftheyounginAmerica.Itcouldmeanthatwehavemadeanimprovementinincome

statisticsatthecostofhurtingthousandsandthousandsofchildren.Ifapersonhas

moneybutachievesthisthroughmortgagingthefuture,whoistosaythatheorsheisno

longerpoor?

16、Inrecenttimes,asfarastechnologyisconcerned,thosewhoarepoor.

A^livebetterthanAsianpeasants

B、leadbetterlivesthanmedievalknights

C、cannotachievethelivingstandardthattechnologycanmake

D、havenoaspiration

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：C選項(xiàng)所表達(dá)的意思與第一段最后一句中的“…sufferlevelsoflifewell

belowthosethatarepossible,,一致，故選C（參見難句分析）。A^B雖然正確,但不

是就技術(shù)而言的，所以排除；D為干擾項(xiàng)，原文第四句中出現(xiàn)了“wehavehigher

aspiration",但這里的we是一個(gè)寬泛的概念，不是只針對(duì)富人或窮人而言的，跟

題干所問的不相干。

17>Inthesecondparagraph,"theyareinternalexiles"implies.

A、theirinternalfeelingsaredifferentfromtherestofnation

B、theyarediscriminatedbytherestofthenation

C、theyareexcessivelylonelythanpeopleinothercountries

D、theycan'tenjoywhattherestofthenationdoconcerningwhatthesocietyprovides

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：將線索定位在第二段最后一句中的“theyareinternalexiles”就可以得出

D項(xiàng)正確（參考難句分析）。A、B是根據(jù)inlemalexhes的字面意思得出的錯(cuò)誤理

解；C是對(duì)exile的錯(cuò)誤理解。

18、Theso-calledAmericanpoorcanonlybedefinedby.

A、technology

B、Americansocialbackground

C、thelivingstandardintheU.S.

D、thelivingstandardofHongKong

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：從文章第一段最后一句及第二段可知，美國所謂的窮人是以美國本身

的生活水平來劃分的。第二段第一句”對(duì)于貧窮的社會(huì)定義是和這種科技進(jìn)步聯(lián)系

在一起的”，這里講的是定義“貧窮”時(shí)需要考慮到科技進(jìn)步的因素，因此科技只是

影響“貧窮，，的一個(gè)因素而不是決定因素，所以排除A；B項(xiàng)從字面上看講得通，但

文中未提到社會(huì)背景方面的內(nèi)容，而且生活標(biāo)準(zhǔn)僅是社會(huì)背景的一個(gè)方面；D項(xiàng)

“香港的生活標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”顯然不對(duì)。

19、MorewomenareworkinginAmerica,whichmeans.

A、improvementofallaspectsofpeople'slives

B、fewerpeoplearepoorintheU.S.today

C、thenation'seconomygrowsrapidly

D、therisingoffamilyincomes

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)文章第三段第一句：婦女參加工作的結(jié)果是家庭收入增加可知答

案應(yīng)選D。A項(xiàng)是說人民生活各個(gè)方面的提高，與原文內(nèi)容不符；選項(xiàng)B中的

poor沒具體交代是哪一方面，在一個(gè)國家的不同時(shí)期，是否“貧窮”的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是不同

的，更多婦女參加工作，家庭收入增加，不能直接得出貧窮人U更少的結(jié)論；C項(xiàng)

原文未提及。

20Whichofthefollowingsentencesbestdescribesthelastparagraph?

A、Womenareplayingalessimportantroleineducatingchildren.

It'sreallyunnecessarylorwomentowork.

C>Improvementinincomeatthecostofthehappinessofchildrendoesn'tmeanrich.

D、Problemsoftheyoungwillbesolvedifwomendonotwork.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第三段中說婦女參加工作使得家庭收入增加，但卻以傷害成千上萬兒

童的幸福為代價(jià)。最后一句是對(duì)該段的總結(jié)，也為該段的主旨，與選項(xiàng)C相符。A

項(xiàng)這一說法本身正確，但不全面；B”婦女有沒有必耍出去工作”和D“如果婦女不工

作就可以解決孩子的問題”原文未提及。

Nonverbal（IRinWCKjCommunicationhastodowithgestures,movementsandcloseness

oftwopeoplewhentheyaretalking.Thescientistssaythatthosegestures,movements

andsoonhavemeaningwhichwordsdonotcany.Forexample,thebodydistance

betweentwospeakerscanbeimportant.NorthAmericansoftencomplainthatSouth

AmericansareunfriendlybecausetheytendtostandclosetotheNorthAmericanswhen

speaking,whiletheSouthAmericanoftenconsiderstheNorthAmericanstobe"cold"or

"distant"becausehekeepsagreaterdistancebetweenhimselfandthepersonheis

speakingto.The"eyecontact"providesanotherexampleofwhatwearecalling

nonverbalcommunication.Scientistshaveobservedthatthereismoreeyecontact

betweenpeoplewholikeeachotherthanthereisbetweenpeoplewhodon'tlikeeach

other.Thelengthoftimethatthepersonwhomyouarespeakingtolooksatyoureyes

indicatestheamountofinteresthehasinthethingsyouaretalkingabout.Ontheother

hand,toolongagazecanmakepeopleuncomfortable.Theeyesapparentlyplayagreat

partinnonverbalcommunication.Genuinewarmthorinterest,shynessorconfidencecan

oftenbeseenintheeyes.Wedonotalwaysconsiderasmiletobeasignoffriendliness.

Someonewhoisalwayssmiling,andwithlittleapparentreasons,oftenmakesusuneasy.

21、