高三年級第二次模擬考試

英語試卷

注意事項：

1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號、考場號、座位號填寫在答題卡上。

2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改

動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本

試卷上無效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到

答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題L5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。

聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.￡19.15.B.￡18.C.￡9.15.

答案是C。

1.Whatdoesthewomanstrugglewithwhenwriting?

A.Makingupcharacters.B.Establishingrelationships.C.Creatingcomplicatedstories.

2.Whatwillthespeakersdofirst?

A.Getonthesubway.B.Havedinner.C.Watchatheatershow.

3.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodotomorrow?

A.Payalicensefee.B.Cancelhispassport.C.Bringidentitydocuments.

4.WhatdoesOliviaprobablydo?

A.Asinger.B.Ahostess.C.Asalesperson.

5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Abusinessconference.B.Asportsevent.C.Afilmaboutgolf.

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題L5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中

選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各

小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.Whatwasthewoman'sinitialattitudetotheboy'smachine?

A.Disappointed.B.Interested.C.Unconcerned.

7.Whathappenedwhentheboyusedthemachine?

A.Thejamwentbad.B.Thebreadwascutoff.C.Thebutterfellonthefloor.

聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。

8.Howlonghasthewomanbeenwaitingforthebus?

A.For10minutes.B.For20minutes.C.For30minutes.

9.Whydoesthewomangototownweekly?

A.Togettowork.B.Toseeadoctor.C.Togoshopping.

10.Whatwillthemandotoday?

A.Workonareport.B.Gotothemedicalcenter.C.Havehiscomputerrepaired.

聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。

11.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Inashop.B.Inahouse.C.Inatravelagency.

12.Whatwilltheman'seldestsondothissummer?

A.Attendprimaryschool.B.Attendsecondaryschool.C.Attenduniversity.

13.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutthelocalarea?

A.Therearemanyrestaurantsnearby.

B.Therearemanysupermarketsnearby.

C.Therearemanyconvenienttransportoptions.

聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。

14.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Doctorandpatient.B.Classmates.C.Workmates.

15.Whydoesthewomanhavevegetablesforlunchtoday?

A.Sheisavegetarian.B.Sheprefersalightdish.C.Sheneedstoloseweight.

16.Whopreparedtheman'sfood?

A.Hismother.B.Thewoman.C.Hissister.

17.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?

A.Buysomenuts.B.Learnhowtocook.C.Sharesomefood.

聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。

18.AtwhatagedidSimonbeginplayingchess?

A.Three.B.Five.C.Eleven.

19.WhatdidSimondoin2018?

A.Hestartedjoiningtournaments.

B.Hewonhisfirstadultcompetition.

C.Hewonallcompetitionsheentered.

20.WhydidSimonstopplayingchessforayear?

A.Toconcentrateonstudy.

BTotravelaroundthecountry.

C.Toreflectonhispastexperiences.

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

A

Witheducationalresources,youhaveaccesstovaluablethingstohelpyougrowbetter.Herearefourtypesof

themthatmaybesuitableforspecificadvancementsinsomeareas.

Law101Classroom

Thisclassroomprovideslearnersofallageswithabasicunderstandingofthemodemlaw'stext,history,and

structure.Drawingonprimarysourcedocuments,learnerswillstudylawcasesfromarangeofdiversevoices

interactively.Eachclassyoutakeincludeslawessays,qualityanalysis,andexpertinstructions.Allthecoursesallow

youtolearnatyourownspeedaccordingtoyoursituations,soyoucanfitthemintoyourschedule.

HumanitiesLibrary

Thehumanitiesrefertocoursesintwomajorcategories,artandculture,designedtoenrichstudents'knowledge

oftheworldtogetherwiththeirownlife.Thislibraryprovidesdegreeprogramsinmanyareas,whichallowstudents

tocomparetheirthinkingwiththatofpersonsfromotherregionsandtimes,thusenablingthemtobetterunderstand

themselves,thesociety,andtheworldwiththeirownmind.

FinancialMediaLab

Theskillsandexpertiserequiredforacareerinfinanceareinhighdemandacrosscountlessindustries.Luckily,

thefreeplatformoffersrecentgraduates,earlytomid-careerprofessionalsandotherindividualsvideos,podcasts,

andcoursesonfinancialtopics,deliveredbysomeworld-renownedfinancialmanagementuniversities.

ActOneMoreDanceTalentStudio

Theartstudiooffersaffordableclassesthataresetuptobeweeklydancelessonsinallforms.Andtheselessons

aretargetedatkidsaged5-12andteensaged13-19atvariousdanceskilllevels,includingintroductorydance

foundationclasses.Youcanenrollanytimeduringtheseason.Yourenrollmentandtuitionfeeisforthefullsession

season,typically9-12weeks.

1.WhichwordbestdescribesthecoursesintheLaw101Classroom?

A.Complex.B.Irrelevant.

C.Traditional.D.Self-paced.

2.WhatdoestheHumanitiesLibraryaimtodo?

A.Providescienceprograms.B.Comparedifferentknowledge.

C.Enhancestudents5abilitytothink.D.Leadstudentstocaremoreaboutothers5lives.

3.WhichdepartmenfsgraduatesaremostprobablyinterestedintheFinancialMediaLab?

A.BusinessAdministration.B.NewsMedia.

C.Law.D.Art.

【答案】l.D2.C3.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了四種不同類型的教育資源，包括法律、人文、金融和舞蹈藝術(shù)方

面的課程。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Law101Classroom部分中的“Allthecoursesallowyoutolearnatyourownspeed

accordingtoyoursituations,soyoucanfitthemintoyourschedule.（所有的課程者B允許你根據(jù)自己的情況以自

己的速度學(xué)習(xí)，所以你可以把它們安排到你的日程中）“可知，Law101Classroom的課程都是自主進(jìn)度

的。故選D。

【2題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)HumanitiesLibrary部分中的“Thislibraryprovidesdegreeprogramsinmanyareas,which

allowstudentstocomparetheirthinkingwiththatofpersonsfromotherregionsandtimes,thusenablingthemto

betterunderstandthemselves,thesociety,andtheworldwiththeirownmind.（這個圖書館提供許多領(lǐng)域的學(xué)位

課程，讓學(xué)生能夠?qū)⒆约旱乃季S與其他地區(qū)和時代的人的思維進(jìn)行比較，從而使他們能夠用自己的思維更

好地理解自己、社會和世界）”可推知，HumanitiesLibrary旨在提高學(xué)生的思考能力。故選C。

【3題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)FinancialMediaLab部分中的“Theskillsandexpertiserequiredforacareerinfinancearein

highdemandacrosscountlessindustries.Luckily,thefreeplatformoffersrecentgraduates,earlytomid-career

professionalsandotherindividualsvideos,podcasts,andcoursesonfinancialtopics,deliveredbysomeworld-

renownedfinancialmanagementuniversities.（金融職業(yè)所需的技能和專業(yè)知識在無數(shù)行業(yè)都有很高的需求。

幸運的是，這個免費平臺為應(yīng)屆畢業(yè)生、職業(yè)生涯早期到中期的專業(yè)人士和其他個人提供視頻、播客和金

融主題課程，由一些世界知名的財務(wù)管理大學(xué)提供）”可知，F(xiàn)inancialMediaLab主要提供金融方面的課程

和資源，因此工商管理專業(yè)的畢業(yè)生最可能對此感興趣。故選A。

B

Theskinisthebody'slargestorgan.Lookatitunderamicroscopeandyouwillseethousandsofnerveendings

thathelpkeepthebrainconnectedtotheoutsideworldthroughtouch,pressure,andpain.ButZhenanBaosees

somethingmore.

ForBao,aStanfordchemicalengineerfocusingonpolymers（聚合物）,theskinisnotonlyasensoryorganbut

alsoaflexible,stretchable,andself-healingmaterial.Baoworksinanemergingfieldthataimstodevelopelectronic

skin,ore-skin,torecreatesomefunctionsofthehumanskinforuseinartificiallimbs（肢）aswellasrobotics.For

peoplewhowearartificiallimbs,asenseoftouchwouldimprovetheirqualityoflifeimmeasurably.

“Ourcurrentelectronicsareeasilybrokenanddifficulttobendormove.Butifwecanmakethemalllikeskin,

itcanpotentiallychangehowhumansinteractandconnectwithelectronics,“Baosays.Baoseespossibleapplications

fore-skininwearabledevices.""Thereisalotofinterestinwearabledevicesthatgobeyondjustmeasuringhow

manystepswewalkeachday,ortheheartrate,“sheadds.

Thekeytosuchdelicateapplicationsisthattheelectronicsmustbestretchable.Thafswherepolymerscomein.

Apolymerisalargemolecule（分子）madeupofsmallermoleculesthatarelinkedtogetherlikeachain.Bychanging

thestructureofthemolecules,Baoandherteamcameupwithanewflexiblematerialthatwasperfectforthejob.

AtStanford,Baoandhercolleaguesworkedonpolymersfordisplaysthatcanstretchandfold.Aftermorethan

threeyearsofwork,theypublishedaproof-of-principlestudyinthejournalNatureforasuper-stretchypolymer.The

materialcanbeeventuallyusedforbody-wornelectronicsthatmeasureanddisplayvitalsigns.Baoisdrivenbythe

ideaofdevelopingelectronicsthatcouldbenefitmedicaldiagnosisandhealthcare.Butshethinkstheroadto

commercializationislong.

4.Whichisoneofthegoalsofdevelopinge-skin?

A.Totouchrobots.B.Toreplaceartificiallimbs.

C.Toaidsomedisabledindividuals.D.Toimprovehumans'sensoryorgans.

5.WhatdoesBaoexpectofe-skincomparedtocurrentelectronics?

A.Itwillbelessconvenienttowear.B.Itwillbemoredurableandflexible.

CItwillbelessinteractivewithhumans.D.Itwillbemorebendableandbreakable.

6.Whatcanwelearnaboutthesuper-stretchypolymerfromthetext?

A.Itlacksproofofprinciple.B.Itcanforecastthebody'svitalsigns.

C.Ithasbeencommercializedandsellswell.D.Itisintheresearchanddevelopmentstage.

7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.Electronics:BecomingtheFocusofEngineers

B.E-skin:TransformingHuman-TechInteraction

C.APolymer:ActingasaPerfectChemicalMaterial

D.Applications:ChangingtheStructureoftheMolecules

【答案】4.C5.B6.D7.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了電子皮膚這一新興技術(shù)及其潛在應(yīng)用。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段"Baoworksinanemergingfieldthataimstodevelopelectronicskin,ore-skin,to

recreatesomefunctionsofthehumanskinforuseinartificiallimbs（肢）aswellasrobotics.Forpeoplewhowear

artificiallimbs,asenseoftouchwouldimprovetheirqualityoflifeimmeasurably.（鮑在一個新興領(lǐng)域工作，該

領(lǐng)域旨在開發(fā)電子皮膚，或電子皮膚，以重建人類皮膚的一些功能，用于假肢和機(jī)器人。對于佩戴假肢的

人來說，觸覺會極大地提高他們的生活質(zhì)量）”可知，開發(fā)電子皮膚的目標(biāo)之一是重建人類皮膚的一些功

能，幫助一些殘疾人。故選C。

【5題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“"Ourcurrentelectronicsareeasilybrokenanddifficulttobendormove.Butifwe

canmakethemalllikeskin,itcanpotentiallychangehowhumansinteractandconnectwithelectronics/5Baosays.

（“我們目前的電子產(chǎn)品很容易損壞，很難彎曲或移動。但如果我們能讓它們都像皮膚一樣，這可能會改變

人類與電子產(chǎn)品的交互和連接方式，“鮑說）”可知，鮑對電子皮膚的期望是相比目前的電子產(chǎn)品，它將更

耐用和靈活。故選B。

【6題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Aftermorethanthreeyearsofwork,theypublishedaproof-of-principlestudyin

thejournalNatureforasuper-stretchypolymer.Thematerialcanbeeventuallyusedforbody-wornelectronicsthat

measureanddisplayvitalsigns.Baoisdrivenbytheideaofdevelopingelectronicsthatcouldbenefitmedical

diagnosisandhealthcare.Butshethinkstheroadtocommercializationislong.（經(jīng)過三年多的工作，他們在《自

然》雜志上發(fā)表了一項關(guān)于超拉伸聚合物的原理驗證研究。這種材料最終可以用于測量和顯示生命體征的

可穿戴電子設(shè)備。鮑的動機(jī)是開發(fā)有利于醫(yī)療診斷和健康護(hù)理的電子產(chǎn)品。但她認(rèn)為商業(yè)化的道路還很漫

長）”可知，這種超拉伸聚合物的商業(yè)化道路還很漫長，由此推知，它還在研發(fā)階段。故選D。

【7題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Baoworksinanemergingfieldthataimstodevelopelectronicskin,ore-skin,to

recreatesomefunctionsofthehumanskinforuseinartificiallimbs（肢）aswellasrobotics.（鮑從事的是一個新

興領(lǐng)域，旨在開發(fā)電子皮膚，或電子皮膚，以重現(xiàn)人類皮膚的一些功能，用于假肢和機(jī)器人技術(shù)）”以及文

章內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了電子皮膚這一新興技術(shù)，以及它如何改變?nèi)祟惻c技術(shù)的交互方式。因此，最

佳標(biāo)題是“電子皮膚：改變?nèi)伺c技術(shù)的交互方式”。故選B。

C

ThefinalweekofFebruary2025offeredauniqueopportunityforstarwatcherstoseeallsevenotherplanetsof

oursolarsystemalign（對齊）inthenightsky.ThroughoutFebruary,Venus,Mars,Jupiter,Saturn,Uranus,and

Neptunewerevisible,andthenMercuryjoinedthemtocompletethelineup.Theexacttimingofthiseventdepended

onyourlocation,butitpromisedtobearemarkablesight.

Theseplanetaryalignments,oftencalled“planetaryparades”,havecapturedsignificantmediaattentionrecently.

Whiletheywereindeedawe-inspiring,itwasimportanttoclarifysomecommonmisconceptionsbeforeyouheaded

outsidetoobserve.Forinstance,seeingUranusandNeptunerequiredbinocularsorasmalltelescope,astheywere

notvisibletohumaneyes.Additionally,someplanetsappearedlowonthewesternhorizonarounddusk,whileothers

werebrightandhighintheskyaftersunset.

Aplanetaryalignmentoccurredwhenplanetslineduponthesamesideofthesun.Thishappenedbecausethe

planetsorbitedthesuninasimilarplane,knownastheecliptic（黃道）.Asaresult,fromourperspectiveonEarth,

theplanetsappearedtoformalineacrossthesky,eveniftheywerenotperfectlyalignedinspace.

Seeingmultipleplanetsatonceisnotexceedinglyrare,butspottingallsevenisspecial.Sucheventsbecome

rarerwitheachadditionalplanetinthelineup.AstrophysicistDavidArmstrongsaidthisgreatplanetaryalignment

wouldn'thappenagainuntil2040.Thealignmentalsocoincidedwithanewmoon,whichwasidealforwatching

starsduetotheminimallightitreflected.

Onthenightof28thFebruary,thebesttimetoobservewasrightaftersunset.Mercury,Neptune,andSaturn

werelowinthewesternsky,withVenusshiningbrightlyabovethem.Whilenotallplanetsmighthavebeenvisible,

theinterestinthis"planetaryparade^^wasacatalystforengagement.Engaginginastronomyandappreciatingthe

wondersofthesolarsystemwasafantasticexperience.Ifyouhadhadthechanceandinterest,youcouldhavetaken

thetimetostepoutsideandwitnessthisevent.

8.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthefirstparagraph?

A.Topresentaphenomenon.B.Tocompareastronomicalevents.

C.Toshowtheexactobservationlocation.D.Tolisttheplanetsinorderoftheirbrightness.

9.Whatdoweknowaboutalltheplanetsduringthealignment?

A.Theylookedequallybrightaftersunset.

B.Theyweretinyandinvisibletohumaneyes.

C.Theirheightwasonthesamehorizonatdusk.

D.Theirvisibilityvariedwithtimeandpositions.

10.Whyisthenewmoonmentioned?

A.Toexplainhowtheeclipticwasformed.

B.Tointroducetheconditionsofthealignment.

C.Tostatewhythealignmentwaseasiertosee.

D.Torecommendtheidealplaceforwatchingplanets.

11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"catalyst“inthelastparagraphreferto?

A.Abigloss.B.Adrivingforce.

C.Abadidea.D.Adesperateexperience.

【答案】8.A9.D10.C11.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了2025年2月太陽系行星排成一行這一罕見天文現(xiàn)象及其觀測情

況。

【8題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段"ThefinalweekofFebruary2025offeredauniqueopportunityforstarwatcherstosee

allsevenotherplanetsofoursolarsystemalign（對齊）inthenightsky.ThroughoutFebruary,Venus,Mars,Jupiter,

Saturn,Uranus,andNeptunewerevisible,andthenMercuryjoinedthemtocompletethelineup.（2025年2月的

最后一周為觀星者提供了一個獨特的機(jī)會，可以看到太陽系中其他七顆行星在夜空中排成一行。整個二

月，金星、火星、木星、土星、天王星和海王星都是可見的，然后水星加入了它們的行列）”可知，作者寫

第一段的目的是展示一個天文現(xiàn)象。故選A。

【9題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段uAdditionally,someplanetsappearedlowonthewesternhorizonarounddusk,while

otherswerebrightandhighintheskyaftersunset.（此外，一些行星在黃昏時分出現(xiàn)在西方地平線上較低的位

置，而另一些行星在日落后則明亮且高懸于天空）”可知，在行星排成一行期間，它們的可見度隨時間和位

置而變化。故選D。

【10題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Thealignmentalsocoincidedwithanewmoon,whichwasidealforwatchingstars

duetotheminimallightitreflected.（這次行星排成一行恰逢新月，由于新月反射的光線最少，因此是觀星的

理想時機(jī)）”可知，提到新月是為了說明為什么這次行星排成一行更容易被看到。故選C。

【11題詳解】

詞句猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段"Whilenotallplanetsmighthavebeenvisible,theinterestinthis"planetary

parade“wasacatalystforengagement.Engaginginastronomyandappreciatingthewondersofthesolarsystem

wasafantasticexperience.Ifyouhadhadthechanceandinterest,youcouldhavetakenthetimetostepoutsideand

witnessthisevent.（雖然并非所有行星都可見，但對這次“行星游行”的興趣是激發(fā)人們參與的catalyst。從

事天文學(xué)和欣賞太陽系的奇觀是一次奇妙的經(jīng)歷。如果你有機(jī)會和興趣，你本可以花時間走出去見證這一

事件）”可知，此處建議你可以花時間見證這一事件，推測此處指這次“行星游行”激發(fā)了人們參與天文觀

測的興趣，劃線單詞意為“驅(qū)動力”，與Adrivingforce意義相近。故選B。

D

Fromanairplane,carsmovingslowlydownthehighwaylooklikeants.Butunlikecars,antsmanagetoavoid

theproblemofstop-and-gotraffic.Researchersarenowstudyingtheseinsects9helpfulwaystolearnhowtofurther

programself-drivingcarsthatrunmoreefficientlyanddon'tgetstuckintraffic.

Thefreeflowoftrafficbecomesnotstableasthenumberofcarsincreasesonahighway.At15vehiclesper

mileperlane（車道），onedriverhittingtheirbrakescanstartalong-lastingwaveoftrafficjams.

ThepreviousresearchofNishinari,amathematicalphysicistattheUniversityofTokyo,hadshownthatants

lookingforfoodcankeeptheirflowevenathighdensities（密度）.Inarecentstudy,researchersrecordedantson

theirwaytofindfoodandusedtraffic-engineeringmodelstoanalyzetheirmovement.Theyfoundthattheantsdon*t

getstuckbecausetheytravelingroupsof3to20thatmoveatalmostthesamespeedwhilekeepinggooddistances

betweenoneanother,andtheydon'tspeeduptogopastothers.

Humandriversduringtherushhourarehardlylikelytofollowsuchrules."We'retryingtogetthemostbenefits

fbrourselves,whichiswhy,atacertainpoint,westarttohaveatrafficjam,9,saysstudyco-authorNicolaPugno.But

self-drivingcars,iftheyonedaybecomeverycommon,couldhavemorecooperativeprogramming.

Thisvehiclenetworkwouldbelikeantsonatrail,whichusesmelltoworktogetherintheirbehaviors.Inboth

antandvehicletraffic,thistypeofsystemcanbeverystrongandabletorecoverquickly,accordingtoNishinari.

Still,antscandothingsthatcars-evenself-drivingones-can't.Plus,unlikecars,antsdon*tcrash;theycan

actuallywalkoveroneanother.Today'sdriverscanlearnfromantstoavoidcausingatrafficjam:Keepasafedistance

fromthecarinfront.Bydoingthis,driverscandealwithbrakinginheavytrafficconditionsthatwouldotherwise

becomeabigtrafficjam.

12.Whydoresearchersstudyants'behaviors?

A.Toupgradecertainautonomousvehicles.

B.Tocreateaverystableenvironmentforants.

C.Tounderstandthesocialinteractionamongants.

D.Toanalyzethedifferencesbetweenantsandcars.

13.Whatdoesparagraph3focuson?

A.Howantscompeteforfood.B.Howantskeeptrafficflowing.

C.Howantsgetstuckintrafficjams.D.Howantsmoveatdifferentspeeds.

14.WhatdoesNicolaPugnostressasthecauseoftrafficjams?

A.Theprofitmotiveofhumans.B.Theinefficiencyoftrafficrules.

C.Thehighdensityofvehiclesontheroad.D.Thepoorperformanceofself-drivingcars.

15.Whatcanweconcludefromants'behaviors?

A.Slowandsteadywinstherace.B.Twoheadsarebetterthanone.

C.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.D.Unitedwestand,dividedwefall.

【答案】12.A13.B14.A15.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要探討了螞蟻在交通流動中的高效行為模式，以及這些行為如何為自

動駕駛汽車的設(shè)計和編程提供啟示。

【12題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"Researchersarenowstudyingtheseinsects'helpfulwaystolearnhowtofurther

programself-drivingcarsthatrunmoreefficientlyanddon'tgetstuckintraffic.（研究人員正在研究這些昆蟲的有

益行為模式，以進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化自動駕駛汽車的編程，從而實現(xiàn)更高效的運行并避免交通擁堵）”可知，研究人

員研究螞蟻的行為是為了學(xué)習(xí)它們的高效交通方式，以便更好地編程自動駕駛汽車，使其運行更高效且不

會陷入交通堵塞。故選A項。

【13題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“ThepreviousresearchofNishinari,amathematicalphysicistattheUniversityof

Tokyo,hadshownthatantslookingforfoodcankeeptheirflowevenathighdensities（密度）.Inarecentstudy,

researchersrecordedantsontheirwaytofindfoodandusedtraffic-engineeringmodelstoanalyzetheirmovement.

Theyfoundthattheantsdon'tgetstuckbecausetheytravelingroupsof3to20thatmoveatalmostthesamespeed

whilekeepinggooddistancesbetweenoneanother,andtheydon'tspeeduptogopastothers.（東京大學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)物理

學(xué)家Nishinari的早期研究表明，即使在高度密集狀態(tài)下，覓食螞蟻群仍能保持流動暢通。在最新研究中，

研究者通過記錄螞蟻覓食路徑，并運用交通工程模型分析其運動模式，發(fā)現(xiàn)螞蟻不會擁堵的機(jī)制在于：它

們以3至20只的群體規(guī)模行進(jìn)，保持近乎一致的速度與個體間距，且不會加速超越其他螞蟻）”可知，第

三段重點講的是螞蟻如何保持交通暢通。故選B項。

【14題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段句子"‘We'retryingtogetthemostbenefitsforourselves,whichiswhy,atacertain

point,westarttohaveatrafficjam,'saysstudyco-authorNicolaPugno.（研究報告的合著者NicolaPugno說：

‘我們都在努力為自己獲得最大的好處，這就是為什么在某種程度上，我們開始出現(xiàn)交通堵塞。'）”可

知，NicolaPugno強(qiáng)調(diào)，人類追求自身利益的行為是導(dǎo)致交通堵塞的原因。故選A項。

【15題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的句子“Theyfoundthattheantsdon'tgetstuckbecausetheytravelingroupsof3to

20thatmoveatalmostthesamespeedwhilekeepinggooddistancesbetweenoneanother,andtheydon'tspeedup

togopastothers」他們發(fā)現(xiàn)螞蟻不會被困住，因為它們以3到20只螞蟻為一組，以幾乎相同的速度移動，

同時彼此保持良好的距離，而且它們不會加速超過其他螞蟻）”可知，螞蟻通過集體合作（保持一致速度和

適當(dāng)距離）來避免交通堵塞，這體現(xiàn)了團(tuán)結(jié)一致的重要性。由此推知，“Unitedwestand,dividedwefall（團(tuán)

結(jié)則存，分裂則亡）”是最符合螞蟻行為的結(jié)論。故選D項。

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選

項。

Curiosityisoftenseenasthesparkbehindscientificbreakthroughsandartisticmasterpieces,butoneofitsmost

powerfulusesishowweconnectwithothers,whichcanalsobelife-changing.Hereisacloserlookatitsbenefits.

16

Whensomeoneasksyouathoughtfulquestionaboutyourlifeortakesthetimetounderstandyourperspective,

whichsignalsinterest,youcanfeelvaluedandunderstood.17.Theyshowthatyoucareaboutwhatthe

otherpersonhastosay.Bydoingso,youarelikelytocreateapositivefeedbackloopandmorefondnessfromothers.

Generatecuriosity

Curiosityisinfectious.18.startbybeinggenuinelycuriousabouttheirs.Thisapproachcanhave

profoundeffectsonhowpersuasiveandinfluentialwecanbe.Astudyfoundthatwhenpeoplefeelheardand

understood,theybecomemorewillingtoexploredifferentperspectives,helpingcreateabridgeformutual

understandingandrespect.

Developempathy（共情）

19.Whenpeopleapproachsocialinteractionswithanopenandinquiringmindset,theycanimprove

theirabilitytoempathizeandalsobuildstrongeremotionalconnections.Inotherwords,ithelpsindividualssetaside

assumptions,enablingmoreauthenticandmeaningfulconversations.

Buildpsychologicalresilience

Curiositycanincreasetheabilitytoadjustpeople'sthoughts,emotions,andbehaviorsinresponsetochallenges

orsetbacks.Whenfacedwithstressoradversity,curiouspeoplearemorelikelytoexploretheiremotionalreactions

insteadofavoidingthem.20.leadingtomoreeffectiveemotionalregulation.

A.Winpotentialliking

B.Bringoverallthinking

C.Ifyouwantsomeonetobeopentoyourideasorconcerns

D.Becauseitmayhelpyourespondtodifferentsituationsanxiously

E.Follow-upquestions,inparticular,demonstratethatwe'reactivelylistening

ESothisallowsthemtobetterknowtherootcausesoftheiremotionalresponses

G.Understandingothers5feelingsisaskillthatcanbestrengthenedthroughcuriosity

【答案】16.A17.E18.C19.G20.F

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要探討了好奇心在人際交往中的作用，包括贏得好感、增強(qiáng)共情能力

和建立心理韌性等方面。

【16題詳解】

下文“Whensomeoneasksyouathoughtfulquestionaboutyourlifeortakesthetimetounderstandyour

perspective,whichsignalsinterest,youcanfeelvaluedandunderstood.（當(dāng)有人問你一個關(guān)于你生活的深思熟慮

的問題，或者花時間理解你的觀點，這表明他們對你有興趣，你會感到被重視和理解）”說明該段主要介紹

如何通過特定的行為和策略來贏得他人的好感，空處作為段落小標(biāo)題應(yīng)概括該段主旨，A選項“贏得潛在

的喜愛”概括了下文講述的通過好奇心在與他人交流中能帶來的積極影響，符合語境。故選A。

【17題詳解】

上文“Whensomeoneasksyouathoughtfulquestionaboutyourlifeortakesthetimetounderstandyour

perspective,whichsignalsinterest,youcanfeelvaluedandunderstood.（當(dāng)有人問你一個關(guān)于你生活的深思熟慮

的問題，或者花時間理解你的觀點，這表明他們對你有興趣，你會感到被重視和理解）”說明他人表現(xiàn)出興

趣時我們的感受，下文"Theyshowthatyoucareaboutwhattheotherpersonhastosay.（它們表明你關(guān)心對方

說什么）”說明某種行為能表明你關(guān)心對方說什么，空處承上啟下，說明某種行為能讓人感到被重視和理

解，且這種行為能表明你關(guān)心對方說什么。E選項“特別是后續(xù)的問題，表明我們在積極傾聽”中

“Follow-upquestions”與上文他人對你的提問相呼應(yīng)，且后續(xù)問題能表明關(guān)心對方說的話，符合語境。故

選E。

【18題詳解】

上文"Curiosityisinfectious.（好奇心是會傳染的）”說明好奇心會傳染，下文ustartbybeinggenuinely

curiousabouttheirs.Thisapproachcanhaveprofoundeffectsonhowpersuasiveandinfluentialwecanbe.Astudy

foundthatwhenpeoplefeelheardandunderstood,theybecomemorewillingtoexploredifferentperspectives,

helpingcreateabridgeformutualunderstandingandrespect.（從真正對他們的想法感到好奇開始。這種方法對

我們的說服力和影響力會產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)的影響。一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)人們感到被傾聽和理解時，他們更愿意探索

不同的觀點，有助于為相互理解和尊重架起一座橋梁）”說明如果想讓別人接受你的想法或關(guān)注，要先對別

人的想法好奇，空處承上啟下，說明要怎么做才能讓好奇心傳染。C選項“如果你想讓別人接受你的想法

或擔(dān)憂”給出條件，在這個條件下引出下文的具體做法，符合語境。故選C。

【19題詳解】

下文“Whenpeopleapproachsocialinteractionswithanopenandinquiringmindset,theycanimprovetheir

abilitytoempathizeandalsobuildstrongeremotionalconnections.（當(dāng)人們以開放和探究的心態(tài)對待社交互動

時，他們可以提高自己的共情能力，并建立更強(qiáng)的情感聯(lián)系）”說明好奇心能提高共情能力，空處說明好奇

心與共情能力之間的關(guān)系。G選項