版本：新人教單元：必修三

Unit4

(DiscoveringUsefulStructures—AssessingYourProgress)詞匯課堂1.soastoinorderto和soasto均有“為了”之意。強調目的時，可以將inorderto放在句首，soasto一般不放在句首。2.recyclere-(again再)+cycle(循環(huán))→(使)再循環(huán)；回收利用派生詞：recycling3.muscle詞源：英語單詞muscle來自拉丁語musculus(小老鼠)。古羅馬人覺得鼓起的肌肉很像一只跳躍的小老鼠。熟詞生義：體力；力氣4.lack詞塊：(a)lackof,forlackof,lack(for)nothing派生詞：lacking5.beyond詞塊：beyondrepair/control/belief,beyondthereachofsb,bebeyondsb6.solarsol(sun太陽)+-ar→太陽的；利用太陽能的詞塊：thesolarsystem,thesolarcalendar,solarenergy本單元詞匯梳理7.currentcurr-(torun跑)+-ent(形容詞詞綴)→跑動中的→流動的→在時間里跑動→正在進行中→現行的隱喻：水/氣/電流→

(事件、時代等)趨勢；潮流詞族：current,currency,currently8.sufficient正式用語(對應enough)9.soap詞塊：abar/pieceofsoap,soapopera10.microwavemicro-(微小的)+wave(波)11.facility常用復數12.keen近義詞eager詞塊：bekeenon(doing)sth,bekeentodosth13.globetheglobe地球；世界

派生詞：global,globally14.argue詞塊：arguewithsbabout/oversth=haveanargumentwithsbabout/oversth熟詞生義：論證(arguefor/against;arguethat)派生詞：argument15.shallow基本義“淺的”隱喻：具體的“淺的”→抽象的“膚淺的”16.resultin近義詞cause,leadto17.pattern一詞多義：基本義“模式”18.analysisana(up,throughout向上、始終)+lysis(aloosening解開、松開)→解開、松開(問題)→分析詞塊：carryout/doananalysisof派生詞：analyse19.monitor詞源義“班長”，后引申為“顯示屏；監(jiān)視器”名詞動詞化：監(jiān)控；監(jiān)視20.regular一詞多義：基本義“規(guī)則的；有規(guī)律的”詞塊：regularcustomers/visitors/readers,regularexercise派生詞：regularly21.smartphone合成詞smart+phone22.resource詞塊：natural/humanresources23.limitedlimit+-ed(分詞形容詞)24.closingclose+ing；詞塊：inclosing25.mystery抽象名詞具體化：意為“神秘的事物”時是可數名詞派生詞：mysterious26.runoutrunout不及物，主語通常是時間、金錢、食物等事物；runoutof及物，主語通常是人27.attach詞源義是“fasten(withastake)”，即“把……綁/固定在……上”。詞塊：attach…to,attachimportanceto派生詞：attached,attachment重難點詞精講figureout一詞多義搭配義pattern一詞多義熟詞生義lack名詞/形容詞動詞化argue&argument熟詞生義regular®ularly一詞多義英語釋義attach一詞多義beyond一詞多義搭配義一詞多義currentlack當前青少年會面臨哪些問題？(a)lackofsleep缺乏睡眠/exercise缺乏運動/confidence缺乏自信lack

n[U]

[常用單數]缺乏；不足(shortage)：(a)lackoffood/money/sleep/skillsThesechildrenhavehealthproblemslinkedtopoordietandalackofexercise.forlackof因缺少：Theleavesturnedyellowforlackoflight.vt&vi[不用于被動語態(tài)]缺乏；短少；沒有：AtfirstIlackedconfidence.Theylackedthemoneytosendhimtouniversity.lack(for)nothing[正式用語]什么也不缺：Asheisveryrichhelacksfornothing.lacking

adj

[不用于名詞前]不足的；缺少的belackinginsth缺少某物反義表達：富含某物或某物很充足？berichin/beabundantin判斷下列句子中l(wèi)ack使用是否正確。1.Sheislackofconfidence.2.Shelacksofconfidence.3.Shelacksinconfidence.4.Shesuffersfromalackofconfidence.5.Sheislackinginconfidence.6.Shelacksconfidence.

beyond中文名超越外文名Beyond組合成員黃家駒（1993年逝世）、黃貫中、黃家強、葉世榮成立時間1983年解散時間2005年代表作品《海闊天空》《光輝歲月》《真的愛你》《大地》《冷雨夜》《喜歡你》等beyond是“超越”的意思，樂隊成員希望超越自己本身，不斷創(chuàng)作出好的作品，這也是他們起這個名字的初衷。beyondprep?［表示位置］在……的那邊；遠于：ItistheonlyplacebeyondtheEarthtohavebeenvisitedbyhumans.

［表示時間］在……以后；遲于：Thepartywentonuntilbeyondmidnight.

［表示數量、水平、限度］超出：Ispentmychildhoodworking,withresponsibilitiesbeyondmyage.2010重慶Anydriverfounddrinkingbeyondthelimitwillbecharged.2011福建

［表示范圍］超出……的范圍；非……所及：beyondrepair/control/beliefbeyondthereachofsb/beyondone’sreachSuchtestisfarbeyondtheabilityoftheaverageschoolkid.?［常用于否定句和疑問句］除……以外：Iknownothingofitbeyondwhathetoldme.bebeyondsb超出某人的理解能力：Thewholeproblemwasquitebeyondhim.adv

在更遠處；更往后：lookbeyondcurrent電流anelectricalcurrent氣流aircurrents洋流oceancurrentscurrent

adj

[只用于名詞前]

現時的；當前的；現行的：thecurrentPresidentStudentsareplacedintoclassesaccordingtotheircurrentlanguageskills.

通用的；流通的；流行的：currentmoneyacurrentaccountcurr-(torun,跑)+-ent(形容詞詞綴)→跑動中的→流動的→在時間里跑動→正在進行中→現行的n[C]

水流；電流；氣流：awarmoceancurrentanelectricalcurrentSomebirdsusewarmaircurrentstohelpthemfly.

（事件、時代等）趨勢；潮流：gowith/againstthecurrentofthetimescurrency

n[C]&[C]通貨；貨幣；支付手段currentlyadv現時；當前figureoutfigureout由figure+out組成：figure→是……的重要部分out→出外把重要的部分找出來即“弄清楚；弄明白”。借助小品詞out去理解figureout的各義項。

弄清楚；弄明白：Collegeiswhenweshouldfocusonaspecificmajor,buthighschooliswhenwehavetofigureitout.2015

湖南Icouldn’tfigureoutwhatIhaddonetoannoymyboss.

計算出：Haveyoufiguredouthowmuchthetripwillcost?

2012福建figureout弄清楚；弄明白figureout基本義弄清楚；弄明白“弄清楚；弄明白”人/事情“弄清楚；弄明白”數字等計算出figureout語義網絡圖argue

談到“argue”一詞，你可能會聯想到怒氣沖沖的人在“爭吵”的畫面?！盃幷摚粻幊场笔悄闶煜さ腶rgue的釋義，但它還有另外一層釋義——“論證”,從某種程度上說，是常見釋義“爭論”在程度上的加深。通過其英語釋義(togivereasonsthatsupportyouropinionaboutsth)即“給出理由支持你的觀點”也可以更好地理解這層釋義。argue

v

vi爭論；爭辯；爭吵：argue(withsb)(about/oversth)DoyoueverarguewithyourfamilyaboutwhichTVprogrammetowatch?

vi&vt

論證

togivereasonsthatsupportyouropinionaboutsth：Theauthorarguedfor/against

freeuniversityeducation.

2010北京改Ithasbeenarguedbysomethatgiftedchildrenshouldbegroupedinspecialclasses.2011廣東argue表示“爭論；爭吵”時，后接介詞with或about/over。語義程度遞進arguement

n

[C]&[U]爭吵；爭論；辯論：haveanargument(withsb)(about/oversth)Igotintoaheatedargumentwithafriend.2013重慶改Settlethequestionbyargument,notbyfight.

[C]論據；理由；論點：Thisparagraphgivestheargumentsagainstcars.Weallfoundhisargumentconvincingandinteresting.

模式；方式；形式theregularwayinwhichsthhappens,develops,orisdone：changingpatternsofbehaviourPayattentiontothefollowingsentencepatterns.Shehasgotusedtothenewpatternsoffamilylife.

模型；紙樣：adresspattern

圖案；花樣：apatternofdots

模范；榜樣：setthepatternfor基本義pattern

n[C]模式（基本義）pattern生活、行為等的“模式”設計的圖案、線條、色彩等有規(guī)律的“模式”可以模仿的“模式”模式；方式；形式圖案；花樣制作某物的“模式”模型；紙樣模范；榜樣pattern語義網絡圖regularregular源自單詞rule（規(guī)則；規(guī)律）它的基本義是“規(guī)則的；有規(guī)律的”regularorirregular?

規(guī)則的；有規(guī)律的；定期的反irregularhavingthesameamountofspaceortimebetweeneachthingorpart：Thesidesofthebuildingaren’tregular,sothebuildinghasanunusualshape.2014湖北

Theequipmentischeckedonaregularbasis.

[只用于名詞前]經常的；頻繁的happeningordoingsthveryoften;frequent：regularcustomers/readersregularadj

[只用于名詞前]正常的；慣常的；普通的：aregularschool/classOurregularopeninghoursare10a.m.to7p.m.

持久的；穩(wěn)定的lastingorhappeningoveralongperiod：Maybea

regularjob

won’tbeasdullasIfeared.2014天津

[語法]規(guī)則的：regularverbsandirregularverbsregularlyadv

有規(guī)律地；定期地；經常：Wemeetregularly,onceamonth.Twothirdsoftheworld’spopulationregularlyeatrice.

regular語義網絡圖regular（有）規(guī)律的（基本義）事件發(fā)生的頻率很高，其間“有”著內在的“規(guī)律”事件通常情況下的發(fā)生“有規(guī)律”事件“有規(guī)律”得

持續(xù)很長一段時間經常的；頻繁的正常的；慣常的；普通的持久的；穩(wěn)定的時間或空間間隔“有規(guī)律”規(guī)則的；有規(guī)律的；定期的regularly有規(guī)律地；定期地經常平時發(fā)郵件的時候你留意過上圖中的圖標嗎？這個圖標是添加附件

(attachfiles)的意思。附件英文為attachment，這個詞的詞根為

attach。attachattach的詞源義是“fasten(withastake)”，即“把……綁/固定在……上”。attachattachv

vt系；貼；連接

tofastenorjoinonethingtoanother：Iattached

aphototomyapplicationform.Whilesleeping,astronautsmustattachthemselvestosomethingsoastopreventfloatingaround.

vt&vi

[正式用語]（與……）有關聯：theadvantagethatattachestowealth

vt

認為……有（重要性、價值、意義）tobelievethatsthisimportantorworththinkingabout:

Tobehonest,alotofpeopleattach

greatimportancetobecomingrichandfamous.

Learningstrategies,towhichteachersattachimportance/significance,haven’tdrawnenoughattentionofstudents.

2009湖北改類似結構：applyoneselfto,contributesthtoattachedadj

附著的：theattachedapplicationform

[不用于名詞前]附屬于：Theresearchcenterisattachedto

theuniversity.

喜歡的；依戀的：Atfirst,wedidn’tfeelwebelonghere,butnowweareattachedtothelandweliveon.

attachmentn

[C]附件；附屬品：Pleasefindmyapplicationletterandresumeintheattachment.

2016全國

[C]&[U]情感；愛慕：achild’sattachmenttoitsmother把……綁/固定在……上attach

（基本義）系；貼；連接

綁/固定的結果把一個物體綁/固定在另一物體上認為……有（重要性、價值、意義）attach語義網絡圖把抽象的重要性/價值等綁/固定在另一事物上（與……）有關聯名詞動詞化說出下列句子中畫線詞的漢語釋義。1.Withnobedandpillow,hesleptonthecouchforonenight.Hisheadpillowedonhisarms._________2.Seeingthetrafficsignalturnedtored,theteachersignaledthestudentstostopandwait.__________3.EarthorbitstheSunatanaveragedistanceof149.6millionkmandonecompleteorbittakesabout365days.__________4.Iwanttobuyamonitorformygrandfathersohecanmonitorhisbloodpressureatanytime.__________5.Mymothercameoverandbroughtacleantoweltoletmetowelmyhairdry.__________6.Thetotaloftherocketslaunchedhasrocketedfrom10in2016to38in2018.__________英語中有很多名詞可轉化為動詞，常表示具有該名詞的活動特點或性質特征的動作。例如，表示工具類的名詞可轉化為動詞。枕著示意圍繞著……運動檢查/監(jiān)測用毛巾擦迅速增加形容詞動詞化選出適當的動詞，并用其正確形式填空。1.Thegovernmentwishesto________thecauseofpeace（和平事業(yè)）.2.John’ssoldierswere________themselvesforthefinalattack.3.Doingsomeexerciseshelps________thebodyoftension.4.Immediateactionshouldbetakento________theenvironment.（2013江蘇）5.Somepeoplewillgainweight,nomatterhowhardtheytryto________.6.In1976,women________themselveswith26weeklyhoursofsweeping-and-dustingwork.（2009全國）7.I’ve________mypocketbutIstillcan’tfindmykeys.8.Decidingto________thestorm,hetookhisumbrellaandwentout.英語中有很多形容詞可轉化為動詞，常表示具有該形容詞意義的動作。ready,free,better,brave,further,slim,busy,emptyfurtherreadyingfreebetterslimbusiedemptiedbrave1.Sheislackinginconfidence.2.Collegeiswhenweshouldfocusonaspecificmajor,buthighschooliswhenwehavetofigureitout.2015

湖南3.Igotintoaheatedargumentwithafriend.2013重慶改4.Theequipmentischeckedonaregularbasis.5.Iattached

aphototomyapplicationform.本單元金句匯總隨堂檢測用lack的正確形式或其短語填空。1.Thereasonwhyhedidn’tpassthedrivingtestis____________practice.2.Hedidn’tpassthedrivingtest____________practice.3.—Jackstillcan’thelpbeinganxiousabouthisjobinterview.

—___________________self-confidenceishisAchilles’heel,Iamafraid.（2016

江蘇）4.Theresearch____________solidevidence,andtherefore,itsconclusionsaredoubtful.（2012

浙江）lacklackingforlackofLackof/Alackoflacks阿喀琉斯，是凡人珀琉斯和美貌仙女忒提斯的寶貝兒子。忒提斯為了讓兒子煉成“金鐘罩”，在他剛出生時就將其倒提著浸進冥河，遺憾的是，乖兒被母親捏住的腳后跟卻不慎露在水外，全身留下了惟一一處“死穴”。后來，阿喀琉斯被太陽神一箭射中了腳踝而死去。后人常以“阿喀琉斯之踵（Achilles’heel）”譬喻這樣一個道理：即使是再強大的英雄，他也有致命的死穴或軟肋。beyond根據所給漢語，用適當的詞塊完成下列句子。1.Thebicycleis_______________（無法修理）.2.Wemust_______________（眼光放遠）forsignsofchange.3.Thesituationwas______________________（超出她的控制）.4.Howpeopledesigncomputergames____________（我無法理解）.5.Hespent$500onabicycle—it’s___________________（無法相信）!6.Fromthetopofthehillwecouldseeourhouseand_________________（遠處的樹林）.7.Workingoutinthemorningprovidesadditionalbenefits_________________________（除了身體健康）.beyondbeliefbeyondbeingphysicallyfitbeyondrepairlookbeyondbeyondhercontrolthewoodsbeyondisbeyondme寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1.Heswamtotheshoreagainstastrongcurrent. ___________2.Ifeltacurrentofcoolairblowinginmyface.___________3.Istartedmycurrentjobin1994.___________4.Theothermeaningofthewordisstillcurrent.___________5.Hemustsellthehouseforthecurrentmarketvalue.___________通用的氣流現在的水流current目前的/當前的寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1.Ittookthemaboutonemonthtofigureouthowtostarttheequipment.___________2.Allenneedstositdownand

figureout

howmanypeoplearecoming.

___________3.Weappreciateyourapologies,butwehopethatyoucanfigureout

agoodwayofsettlingthematter.（2014遼寧）.

___________弄清楚；弄明白計算出找出figureout一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1.ItisnousearguingwithBillbecausehewillneverchangehismind.

______________2.Somepeoplechoosenottoeatmeatbecausetheybelievethatitiscrueltoeatanimals,butothersarguethattheycaneatmeatandstillbekindtoanimals.（2012廣東）

______________argue爭論/爭吵論證/爭辯二、在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。1.Theyhaveargued__________eachotherforyears__________thebestwaytogrowpotatoes.2.Igotintoaheated___________(argue)withafriend.3.Whenyoupresentreasonswhyyoubelieveinsomething,youargue________it.4.Themainargument___________smokingisthatit’sbadforyourhealth.with

about/overforargumentagainst

________1.Thisshirthasablackandwhitestriped（有條紋的）pattern.________2.Thistypicalsleeppatternisusuallyreferredtoasthe“nightowl”scheduleofsleep.（2014四川閱讀）________3.Thebooksetthepatternforover40similarhistoricalromances.________4.Sheboughtadresspatternandsomematerial.a.模式；方式；形式b.模型；紙樣c.圖案；花樣d.模范；榜樣cad

bpattern選出畫線詞的正確釋義。一、將下列短語按regular的釋義分類。regular釋義

：規(guī)則的；定期的；有規(guī)律的followingapattern,especiallywiththesametimeandspaceinbetweeneachthingandthenextregular釋義

：頻繁的；經常的happeningordoingsthveryoften;frequentregular釋義

______________________________________regular釋義

______________________________________aregularcustomeraregularoccurrenceonaregularbasisaregularheartbeatregulararegularcustomer,aregularheartbeat,onaregularbasis,aregularoccurrence（常事）二、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1.Afteryearsofregulartreatment,shefinallybecamehealthy.（2016天津） ____________2.Thekitethatisusedtogivelessonsisaregulardiamondkitewitharainbowpattern.（2012安徽）

____________3.OnMondayhewouldhavetoreturntohisregularduties. ____________4.Thehandsomeactorhasafacewithregularfeatures. ____________5.ThisisthebestburgerinHoustonforsure.Iabsol