-2023學(xué)年度第二學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量檢測(cè)高一英語(yǔ)試題考生注意：本試卷共分第Ⅰ卷(選擇題)和第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題)兩部分，滿分150分?？荚嚂r(shí)間120分鐘。請(qǐng)將答案填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。第Ⅰ卷(選擇題共95分)第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)請(qǐng)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inahospital.B.Inashoppingcenter.C.Onacrowdedbus.2.Whycouldn’tthewomangetJohntocome?A.Johnwastoobusytocome.B.John’sphonewasn’tworking.C.Johnwasn’tathome.3.Howwillthewomangototheuniversity?A.Onfoot.B.Bybus.C.Bytaxi.4.Howmuchshouldthemanpayfortickets?A.40yuan.B.80yuan.C.100yuan.5.What’shappinesstothewoman?A.Helpingothers.B.Reachinghergoals.C.Beingwithhersister.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)請(qǐng)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，每小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。請(qǐng)聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6至7題。6.Whydidthemanthankthewoman?A.Becauseshehelpedhimwithhishomework.B.Becauseshegavehimagift.C.Becauseshelenthimsomemoney.7.Whywasthewomanworried?A.Becausethemanwasill.B.Becausethemanwassad.C.Becausethemanwasout.請(qǐng)聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至9題。8.Whatistheproblemofthecar?A.Itrunstooslow.B.Itcan’tstart.C.Itmakesastrangenoise.9.Whatwillthespeakersdo?A.Waitandaddsomewater.B.Waitandaddsomeoil.C.Askarepairmantohelpthem.請(qǐng)聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatdidthemanstudyatcollege?A.Music.B.History.C.Design.11.Inwhichcountrydidtheman’sfriendgetajob?A.Australia.B.Brazil.C.TheUSA.12.Whatdidtheman’sfrienddecidetodo?A.Buyamotorcycle.B.Fightagainstthebadmen.C.DrivetotheUSA.請(qǐng)聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.WhydidthemangotoEngland?A.Tostudy.B.Totravel.C.Tovisitafriend.14.WheredidthemanmainlystayinEngland?A.InLondon.B.InManchester.C.InLiverpool.15.HowlongdidthemanstayinEngland?A.2weeks.B.4weeks.C.6weeks.16.WhatwastheweatherlikeinEnglandwhenthemanwasthere?A.Hot.B.Cool.C.Warm.請(qǐng)聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhathappenedtothevillagesinSouthAfrica?A.Anearthquakehitthevillages.B.Astormhitthevillages.C.Afloodhitthevillages.18.Howmanypeoplewerekilled?A.Fourteen.B.Seven.C.One.19.HowwasMr.Smith’schild?A.Hewassafe.B.Hewaskilled.C.Hewasinjured.20.WherewasMr.Smithwhenthedisasterhappened?A.Hewasinthebedroom.B.Hewasinthekitchen.C.Hewasinhisoffice.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AFourBestHikesintheWorldThere'snothinglikegettingoutandgettingsomefreshaironahike.NomatterwhetheryourideaofahikeisaleisurewalkorclimbingthehighestmountainonEarth,we'vegotyoucovered.Belowarefourbesthikesintheworld.TorresdelPaineWCircuitLocation(位置):Patagonia.ChileDistance:37+milesTime:5~6daysBesttimetogo:OctobertoJanuaryTheWCircuitisoneofthemostrecommendedhikesyou'llfind.Notonlywillyouappreciatethediverselandscapesandstrikinggranitepillars(花崗巖柱子),butyou'llprobablymeetsomenewfriendsalongtheway.GrandCanyonRim-to-RimHikeLocation:Arizona,theUnitedStatesDistance:48milesTime:1~3daysBesttimetogo:MaytoJune,SeptembertoOctoberThere'snobetterwaytoexperienceoneofthegreatestwondersintheworld.LocatedinoneoftheUSA'smostbeautifulparks,theviewsareabsolutelyappealing.Justmakesureyou'repreparedforthechallenge.TrektoPetraLocation:JordanDistance:47milesTime:5~6daysBesttimetogo:OctobertoAprilTaketheroadlesstraveledthroughtheKingdomofJordanandexperienceoneofthesevenwondersoftheworld.Hikethroughcanyons,gorgesandridges,andseetombsandtemplesalongthewayallwhileavoidingcrowdsoftourists.YosemiteGrandTraverseLocation:California,theUnitedStatesDistance:60milesTime:6~7daysBesttimetogo:JulytoSeptemberKnownforsomeofthebesthikingintheworld,YosemiteNationalParkisfamousforitsviewsandhugesequoia(紅杉)trees.PraisedbyNationalGeographic,theYosemiteGrandTraversewilltakeyouthroughwaterfallsandgreenmountaintops.1.WhichofthefollowingisthebesttimeforthehikeinPatagonia,Chile?A.April B.May C.August D.December2.Whereshouldyougoforalesscrowdedhike?A.Jordan B.Patagonia,ChileC.Arizona,theUnitedStates D.California,theUnitedStates3.WhatcanyoudoalongtheYosemiteGrandTraverse?A.Plantsequoiatrees B.Appreciatewaterfalls C.Visitlocaltemples D.Climbgranitepillars【答案】1.D2.A3.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。沒(méi)有什么比徒步旅行出去呼吸新鮮空氣更好的了。無(wú)論你徒步旅行的想法是休閑散步還是攀登地球上最高的山峰，我們都會(huì)為你提供保障。本文介紹了世界上最好的四次遠(yuǎn)足?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一個(gè)黑標(biāo)題TorresdelPaineWCircuit下的Location(位置):Patagonia.Chile和Besttimetogo:OctobertoJanuary（去的最好的時(shí)間：10月到1月），可知在Patagonia,Chile徒步旅行的最佳時(shí)間應(yīng)該選擇D選項(xiàng)（12月）。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三個(gè)黑標(biāo)題TrektoPetra下的敘述第一句“TaketheroadlesstraveledthroughtheKingdomofJordanandexperienceoneofthesevenwondersoftheworld.”（走一條人跡罕至的約旦王國(guó)之路，體驗(yàn)世界七大奇跡之一。）再結(jié)合黑標(biāo)題下的Location:Jordan（位置：約旦）可知你應(yīng)該去Jordan進(jìn)行不那么擁擠的徒步旅行。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一個(gè)黑標(biāo)題YosemiteGrandTraverse下的敘述“Knownforsomeofthebesthikingintheworld,YosemiteNationalParkisfamousforitsviewsandhugesequoia(紅杉)trees.PraisedbyNationalGeographic,theYosemiteGrandTraversewilltakeyouthroughwaterfallsandgreenmountaintops.”（Yosemite國(guó)家公園以世界上最好的徒步旅行而聞名，以其美景和巨大的紅杉樹(shù)而聞名。受到國(guó)家地理雜志的贊揚(yáng)，YosemiteGrandTraverse將帶你穿越瀑布和綠色山頂。）可知沿著YosemiteGrandTraverse可以欣賞瀑布。故選B?！军c(diǎn)睛】廣告類型的題目要求學(xué)生帶著問(wèn)題去文章中搜尋答案，不一定要讀完整篇文章，能鎖定答案即可。BAfewweeksago,myteenagedaughterLisafailedatest.Thegrademightstopherfromqualifyingforthenextclassshewantstotake.Thereweretearsandsomecomplaintsforafewminutes.ThenIsawsomethinginteresting.Shemadeajoke,expressedgratitudethatshedidn’thavebiggerproblems,andfinallymadeaplanonhowtomakeimprovements.Shewasneverthesameasshewasoneyearago.Thatonewasunwillingtotakeresponsibility.Thatonestayedinangerandblamedothers.Weexpectourkidstolearnandgrow.Wehopeforit.However,mostofusgrowthroughadversity(逆境),eventrauma(精神創(chuàng)傷).IthappenedtoLisalastyearrepeatedly.Shesearchedforwaystogetherbearingsandequipherselfwheneverythingaroundherwaschangingbytheday.Psychologistscallitpost-traumaticgrowth.Traumareferstoanemotionalresponsetoaterribleeventlikeanaccident,attack,naturaldisaster,orotherlife-changinghappenings.Thegrowthaftertraumadoesn’tmeanwegetthroughchallengesuninjured.It’sbeenascaryandpainfultime,foreveryone,inonewayoranother.Wemayexperiencedisbelief,depression,andevendenial.Astimemoveson,peoplewhohaveexperiencedtraumamayhaveheadachesorotherphysicalsymptoms,emotionalupsanddowns,andevenrelationshipproblems.Traumadoesleaveitsirremovablemarks.However,inonestudy,researcherssurveyednearly385peoplewhoexperiencedfinancialdifficultyduringthepandemic.88percentofthepeoplesurveyedsaytheyalsohaveexperiencedsomepositiveoutcomes—Theynowhavestrongerfamilyrelationshipsandagreaterappreciationoflife.4.WhatisLisalikenowwhenshefails?A.Shetriestocoverit.B.Sheispositiveandadult.C.Sheactsunconcerned.D.Shewantstomakeexcuses.5.WhatdoestheauthorintendtotellusthroughLisa’sexperience?A.Thereisnosweetwithoutsweat.B.Experienceisthefatherofwisdom.C.Difficultsituationsarelikelytomakeonestronger.D.Responsibilityisoftenmoreimportantthanability.6.Howdoestheauthorprovehisview?A.Byanalyzingexistingdata.B.Byquotingapsychologist.C.Bycontrastingaperson’sconstantchanges.D.Bygivingexamplestogetherwithstudyresults.7.Whichofthefollowingmaytheauthoragreewithaboutpost-traumaticgrowth?A.Itusuallycomesatahighprice.B.Itproduceslittlenegativefeelings.C.Itisoneofthefastestwaystomakeimprovements.D.Itisgrowththatdoesbothgoodandharm.【答案】4.B5.C6.D7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。創(chuàng)傷后的成長(zhǎng)并不意味著我們能毫發(fā)無(wú)傷地度過(guò)難關(guān)，對(duì)每個(gè)人來(lái)說(shuō)，這都是一段可怕而痛苦的時(shí)光，但是作者通過(guò)舉例子和描繪實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果來(lái)表明，創(chuàng)傷后的成長(zhǎng)也會(huì)產(chǎn)生積極的影響?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Shemadeajoke,expressedgratitudethatshedidn’thavebiggerproblems,andfinallymadeaplanonhowtomakeimprovements.(她開(kāi)了個(gè)玩笑，對(duì)自己沒(méi)有遇到更大的問(wèn)題表示感謝，最后制定了一個(gè)如何改進(jìn)的計(jì)劃。)”可知，當(dāng)Lisa考試失敗時(shí)，她感謝自己沒(méi)有遇到更大的問(wèn)題，然后制定計(jì)劃如何改進(jìn)，所以說(shuō)她表現(xiàn)得很積極理智，故選B。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“However,mostofusgrowthroughadversity(逆境),eventrauma(精神創(chuàng)傷).IthappenedtoLisalastyearrepeatedly.Shesearchedforwaystogetherbearingsandequipherselfwheneverythingaroundherwaschangingbytheday.Psychologistscallitpost-traumaticgrowth(然而，我們大多數(shù)人在逆境中成長(zhǎng)，甚至在創(chuàng)傷中成長(zhǎng)。Lisa去年也經(jīng)歷過(guò)很多次。當(dāng)周圍的一切都在發(fā)生變化的時(shí)候，她想方設(shè)法找到自己的方向，裝備自己。心理學(xué)家稱之為創(chuàng)傷后成長(zhǎng)。)”可推知，通過(guò)Lisa的例子，作者試圖告訴我們困境可能使人變得更強(qiáng)，故選C。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“However,mostofusgrowthroughadversity(逆境),eventrauma(精神創(chuàng)傷).IthappenedtoLisalastyearrepeatedly.Shesearchedforwaystogetherbearingsandequipherselfwheneverythingaroundherwaschangingbytheday.Psychologistscallitpost-traumaticgrowth(然而，我們大多數(shù)人在逆境中成長(zhǎng)，甚至在創(chuàng)傷中成長(zhǎng)。麗莎去年也經(jīng)歷過(guò)很多次。當(dāng)周圍的一切都在發(fā)生變化的時(shí)候，她想方設(shè)法找到自己的方向，裝備自己。心理學(xué)家稱之為創(chuàng)傷后成長(zhǎng)。)”和最后一段“However,inonestudy,researcherssurveyednearly385peoplewhoexperiencedfinancialdifficultyduringthepandemic.88percentofthepeoplesurveyedsaytheyalsohaveexperiencedsomepositiveoutcomes—Theynowhavestrongerfamilyrelationshipsandagreaterappreciationoflife.(然而，在一項(xiàng)研究中，研究人員調(diào)查了近385名在大流行期間經(jīng)濟(jì)困難的人。88%的受訪者表示，他們也經(jīng)歷了一些積極的結(jié)果——他們現(xiàn)在有了更牢固的家庭關(guān)系，對(duì)生活有了更多的認(rèn)識(shí)。)”可推知，作者通過(guò)舉例子和描述研究結(jié)果來(lái)證明自己的觀點(diǎn)，故選D。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Thegrowthaftertraumadoesn’tmeanwegetthroughchallengesuninjured.It’sbeenascaryandpainfultime,foreveryone,inonewayoranother.Wemayexperiencedisbelief,depression,andevendenial.Astimemoveson,peoplewhohaveexperiencedtraumamayhaveheadachesorotherphysicalsymptoms,emotionalupsanddowns,andevenrelationshipproblems.Traumadoesleaveitsirremovablemarks.(創(chuàng)傷后的成長(zhǎng)并不意味著我們能毫發(fā)無(wú)傷地度過(guò)難關(guān)。對(duì)每個(gè)人來(lái)說(shuō)，這都是一段可怕而痛苦的時(shí)光。我們可能會(huì)經(jīng)歷懷疑、沮喪，甚至否認(rèn)。隨著時(shí)間的推移，經(jīng)歷過(guò)創(chuàng)傷的人可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)頭痛或其他身體癥狀，情緒起伏，甚至是人際關(guān)系問(wèn)題。創(chuàng)傷確實(shí)留下了不可移除的痕跡。)”和最后一段“However,inonestudy,researcherssurveyednearly385peoplewhoexperiencedfinancialdifficultyduringthepandemic.88percentofthepeoplesurveyedsaytheyalsohaveexperiencedsomepositiveoutcomes—Theynowhavestrongerfamilyrelationshipsandagreaterappreciationoflife.(然而，在一項(xiàng)研究中，研究人員調(diào)查了近385名在大流行期間經(jīng)濟(jì)困難的人。88%的受訪者表示，他們也經(jīng)歷了一些積極的結(jié)果——他們現(xiàn)在有了更牢固的家庭關(guān)系，對(duì)生活有了更多的認(rèn)識(shí)。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為創(chuàng)傷后的成長(zhǎng)既有好處也有壞處，故選D。CDearLaura,Howareyou?IthasbeenseveralweekssinceIheardfromyou.Ihavebeenmissingyoualotthesedays,soIthinkIshouldfindouthowyouaredoing.Hopethisletterfindsyouinthebestofhealth.Thingsherearefine,thoughtheyseemtobealittleboringnowwithoutyou.Sinceschoolstarted,Ihavemadesomenewfriendswhoaregreatcompany.ButIkeeprememberingwhatagreattimewehadduringoursummervacations.Thoselongridesinthewoods,oftenshoppingatthemallandourvideogamematcheswereallsomuchfun.Thingsherearealittledifferent,anditisgoingtotakemesometimetogetusedtothem.Ihavesomegreatprofessorswhomakeclassesveryinteresting.Iactuallylookforwardtodoingmyhomeworkfortheseclasses.However,therearesomereallyboringscienceclassesthatIjustdon’tseemtoenjoy.Theyallsoundsodifficult,butIhavetolearnthem.Afterafewyears,Iamgoingtodropthesesubjectsforever!ThegoodthingisthatailthefriendsI’vemadefeeljustthesamewayaboutthesescienceclasses.Howhavethingsbeenwithyou?Howaboutyourschoolandallthosegreatfriendsyoukeeptalkingabout?Didyoujointhatguitarclassyouwantedtosobadly?Lookforwardtohearingfromyou.Bytheway,Dadhasboughtmethelatestvideogamecontroller.Itisreallyamazing!Waitforyoutocomebackheresothatwecanhavesomemorevideogamematches!Yourstruly,Aaron8.WhatdoesAaronprobablythinkofhislifeintheschool?A.Ratherterrible. B.Alittlebitdull. C.Quitehard. D.Fairlyexciting.9.WhatcanwelearnaboutAaronfromtheletter?A.Hehasbeenusedtohisnewschoollife.B.Hedidn’tgetonwellwithhisnewfriends.C.HeenjoyedasummervacationwithLaura.D.Helovedallnewclassesinthenewschool.10.WhydoesAarondislikehisscienceclasses?A.Hedoesnotlikethescienceprofessors.B.Hefindstheseclasseshardtounderstand.C.Hehastoomuchhomeworkafterclass.D.Hefindstheyareofnouseinthefuture.11.WhatwillLauramostprobablytalkaboutinherreplytoAaron?A.Herschoollifeandfriendship.B.Herclassesandtheprofessors.C.Herownsummervacation.D.Hervideogamematches.【答案】8.B9.C10.B11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇書(shū)信。文章主要講述自己的現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)情況，對(duì)未來(lái)的點(diǎn)滴想法，也有對(duì)過(guò)去時(shí)光的懷念。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第一段的最后一句“thoughtheyseemtobealittleboringnowwithoutyou(雖然沒(méi)有你，現(xiàn)在似乎有點(diǎn)無(wú)聊。)”可知，Aaron感到目前的學(xué)校生活有點(diǎn)乏味，故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第二段第二句話“ButIkeeprememberingwhatagreattimewehadduringoursummervacation(但我一直記得我們?cè)谑罴倮锒冗^(guò)了多么美好的時(shí)光)”可知，他們度過(guò)了愉快的暑假，故選C。【10題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第三段第三、四句話“However,therearesomereallyboringscienceclassesthatIjustdon’tseemtoenjoy.Theyallsoundsodifficult,butIhavetolearnthem.(然而，有些很無(wú)聊的科學(xué)課我似乎并不喜歡。它們聽(tīng)起來(lái)都很難，但我必須學(xué)習(xí)它們。)”可知，他覺(jué)得科學(xué)課又無(wú)聊又難學(xué)。故選B?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。文章第四段第二句話“Howaboutyourschoolandallthosegreatfriendsyoukeeptalkingabout?(你的學(xué)校和你一直說(shuō)的那些好朋友怎么樣？)”可知，Aaron想了解Laura的學(xué)校生活情況以及他的新朋友，故選A。DCuckoos(布谷鳥(niǎo))aremastersofcheating.Whenitcomestoraisingyoung,theydon’tspendtheenergybuildinganest(鳥(niǎo)巢),protectingeggsorfeedingchildren.Instead,thefemalepassestheserolesontootherbirds.Theydon’traisetheirownyoung.Usually,theylaytheireggsinthenestsofotherbirds,foolingotherbirdsintothinkingthecuckooeggsaretheirs.Tosucceedindoingthis,afemalecuckoowatchesoverherchosennesttoobservefeedingtimes.Whenthehostparentleavesitsnestinsearchoffood,thecuckooquicklylayshereggsamongthosealreadyinthenest.Sometimes,shewillevendestroyandremoveoneofthehost’seggstomakeroomforherown.Cuckoosaremedium-sizedbirdswithlongtails,andoftenhavegrayorbrownbacks.Whentheyhatch(孵化)andbegintogrowinahost’snest,thedifferencebetweenthetwocanbeobvioustoanonlooker.Oftenthecuckooistwicethesizeofitsfosterparents(養(yǎng)父母),butstillcontinuestoreceivefoodfromthem.Thecuckooimposter(冒名頂替者)isusuallytheonlybabybirdthatthehostparenthastocarefor.Thisisbecausewhenthecuckoohatchesafteraround11days,itgetsridofalltheothereggsinthenest.Itwilllifteacheggontoitsbackbeforethrowingthemonebyoneovertheedgeofthenest.Eventhen,thenon-biologicalparentwillcontinuetotreatitasoneofitsown.Also,cuckooshavedevelopedtoproduceeggsthataresimilarincolortotheirmainhosts’.Thisreducesthechancesofeggsbeingattacked.Femalecuckooshavebeenknowntotakehostbirds’attentionawayafterlayingtheireggsbyproducinganoisesimilartoEurasiansparrowhawks,scaringbirdsawayfromreturningtothenestandallowingtimeforthecuckootomakeherescapeunnoticed.12.Whatdomothercuckoosusuallydowhenitcomestoraisingtheiryoung?A.Attendtoeggs. B.Buildanewnest.C.Learnfeedingskills. D.Relyonotherbirds.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”inparagraph3referto?A.Othercuckoos. B.Babycuckoos.C.Cuckoo’shostparents. D.Cuckoo’sbirthparents.14.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthecuckooimposter?A.Itusuallyhatchesoutearlierthantheothereggsinthenest.B.Itthrowsalltheothereggsoutofnestswithitsmother’shelp.C.Itoftenmakesanoisetoscareotherbirdsawayfromthenest.D.Itlooksmuchlargerthanothereggsinthenestbeforehatching.15.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.HowcuckoosprotecttheirchildrenB.HowcuckoosfoolotherbirdsC.Howcuckoosdestroyothers’nestsD.Howcuckoosproduceeggs【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了布谷鳥(niǎo)不筑巢，將自己的蛋產(chǎn)到其他鳥(niǎo)類的巢穴中，欺騙它們?yōu)槠浞趸B(yǎng)育幼鳥(niǎo)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Instead,thefemalepassestheserolesontootherbirds.Theydon’traisetheirownyoung.Usually,theylaytheireggsinthenestsofotherbirds,foolingotherbirdsintothinkingthecuckooeggsaretheirs.(相反，雌性布谷鳥(niǎo)將這些角色傳遞給其他鳥(niǎo)類。它們不養(yǎng)自己的孩子。通常，它們把蛋產(chǎn)在其他鳥(niǎo)的巢里，讓其他鳥(niǎo)以為布谷鳥(niǎo)的蛋是它們的)”可知，布谷鳥(niǎo)媽媽自己并不會(huì)含辛茹苦地?fù)嵊蟠?，而是將蛋產(chǎn)在其他鳥(niǎo)的巢穴中，讓其他鳥(niǎo)類承擔(dān)養(yǎng)育其后代的責(zé)任，故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】指代猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段“Oftenthecuckooistwicethesizeofitsfosterparents,butstillcontinuestoreceivefood(布谷鳥(niǎo)的體形通常是養(yǎng)父母的兩倍大，但是仍然會(huì)繼續(xù)接受喂食)”可知，盡管布谷鳥(niǎo)相比它的養(yǎng)父母體形碩大，但是仍然靠它們喂養(yǎng)食物，劃線代詞指代辛苦覓食，喂養(yǎng)布谷鳥(niǎo)“巨嬰”的其他鳥(niǎo)類，故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Thisisbecausewhenthecuckoohatchesafteraround11days,itgetsridofalltheothereggsinthenest.Itwilllifteacheggontoitsbackbeforethrowingthemonebyoneovertheedgeofthenest.(這是因?yàn)楫?dāng)杜鵑在大約11天后孵化時(shí)，它會(huì)除去巢中的所有其他蛋。它會(huì)把每個(gè)蛋拱在背上，然后一個(gè)一個(gè)地頂出巢穴)”可知，布谷鳥(niǎo)雛鳥(niǎo)通常會(huì)比其他鳥(niǎo)類更早地孵化出來(lái)，這樣才能“獨(dú)得恩寵”，故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】標(biāo)題判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Cuckoosaremastersofcheating.(布谷鳥(niǎo)是欺騙大師)”以及最后一段“Also,cuckooshavedevelopedtoproduceeggsthataresimilarincolortotheirmainhosts’.Thisreducesthechancesofeggsbeingattacked.(此外，杜鵑已經(jīng)進(jìn)化出了與主要寄主的蛋顏色相似的蛋。這降低了布谷鳥(niǎo)蛋被攻擊的幾率)”可知，文章主要介紹布谷鳥(niǎo)如何欺騙其他鳥(niǎo)類，為其孵化幼鳥(niǎo)，故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Thethreeyearsofhighschoolcanproducesomeofthemostmemorablemomentsofyourlife.Togetthemostoutofyourhighschoolexperience,it’simportanttofocusonyourstudiesandspendtimeexploringyourhobbiesandfriendships.____16____Openyourselfuptonewexperiences.Highschoolisagreattimetotrynewthings.____17____Forexample,youcantryoutforasportsteam,joinaband,orevenjustsitwithnewpeopleatlunch.Thatwillhelpyoudiscovernewhobbiesandmakenewfriends.Askforhelpifyou'restrugglingacademically,socially,oremotionally.____18____Ifyou’reworriedaboutabadgrade,orarefeelingabitdown,shareitwiththem,andtheywillbewillingtohelpyou.Gettoknowthemembersinyourclass.____19____Actually,makingfriendswithafewofthemwillgiveyouagreatsupportnetworkthroughouttheschoolyear.Ifyoudon’tknowthem,introduceyourselfandholdaconversationwiththem.Ifyoudoalreadyknowthem,askthemsomequestionsabouttheirhobbiessothatyoucangettoknowthemalittlebetter.____20____Yournoteswillhelpyouwithyourhomeworkandstudyfortests.Besides,itwillalsohelpyoureviewwhatyoulearntinclass.Youcancreateanoutlineofthemainpointsofthelecture,andtakenotesdirectlyonthem.A.Developagoodlearninghabit.B.Writedownwhatyoulearnskillfully.C.Theyarethepeopleyouwillseeeveryday.D.Don’tjuststayinyourcomfortzonebutgetout.E.Thefollowingsuggestionsarelikelytohelpyou.F.Yourparents,teachersandclassmatesarealwaystheretohelpyou.G.Therefore,youshouldlearntokeeptherightbalancebetweenthem.【答案】16E17.D18.F19.C20.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一些可以使高中生在高中時(shí)期能快樂(lè)學(xué)習(xí)和生活的建議?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)前句“Togetthemostoutofyourhighschoolexperience,it’simportanttofocusonyourstudiesandspendtimeexploringyourhobbiesandfriendships.(為了充分利用你的高中經(jīng)歷，把注意力集中在學(xué)習(xí)上，花時(shí)間探索你的愛(ài)好和友誼是很重要的。)”及下文可知，這里為承上啟下句，即為體驗(yàn)高中經(jīng)歷提供一些建議。所以選擇項(xiàng)E“Thefollowingsuggestionsarelikelytohelpyou.(下面的建議可能對(duì)你有幫助。)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選E?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)前句“Highschoolisagreattimetotrynewthings.(高中是嘗試新事物的好時(shí)光。)”和后句“Forexample,youcantryoutforasportsteam,joinaband,orevenjustsitwithnewpeopleatlunch.(例如，你可以嘗試加入一個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)隊(duì)，加入一個(gè)樂(lè)隊(duì)，甚至只是和陌生人一起吃午飯。)”可知，高中要敢于嘗試，走出自己的舒適區(qū)。所以選擇項(xiàng)D“Don’tjuststayinyourcomfortzonebutgetout.(不要只是待在你的舒適區(qū)，要走出去。)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選D?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)前句“Askforhelpifyou'restrugglingacademically,socially,oremotionally.(如果你在學(xué)業(yè)、社交或情感上有困難，可以尋求幫助。)”和后句“Ifyou’reworriedaboutabadgrade,orarefeelingabitdown,shareitwiththem,andtheywillbewillingtohelpyou.(如果你擔(dān)心成績(jī)不好，或者感覺(jué)有點(diǎn)沮喪，和他們分享，他們會(huì)愿意幫助你的。)”可知，有困難要向父母、老師和同學(xué)尋求幫助。所以選擇項(xiàng)F“Yourparents,teachersandclassmatesarealwaystheretohelpyou.(你的父母，老師和同學(xué)總是在那里幫助你。)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。后句中的they指代選擇項(xiàng)中的Yourparents,teachersandclassmates。故選F。【19題詳解】根據(jù)前句“Gettoknowthemembersinyourclass.(了解你班上的同學(xué)。)”可知，要了解你班上的同學(xué)，因?yàn)榘嗉?jí)同學(xué)是你在學(xué)校每天都見(jiàn)到的人。所以選擇項(xiàng)C“Theyarethepeopleyouwillseeeveryday.(他們是你每天都會(huì)見(jiàn)到的人。)”符合語(yǔ)境。故選C?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Yournoteswillhelpyouwithyourhomeworkandstudyfortests.Besides,itwillalsohelpyoureviewwhatyoulearntinclass.Youcancreateanoutlineofthemainpointsofthelecture,andtakenotesdirectlyonthem.(你的筆記可以幫助你完成家庭作業(yè)和準(zhǔn)備考試。此外，它還可以幫助你復(fù)習(xí)課堂上所學(xué)的內(nèi)容。你可以為演講的要點(diǎn)寫(xiě)一個(gè)大綱，并直接在上面做筆記。)”可知，本段后面的內(nèi)容都是圍繞做筆記具體展開(kāi)的，即把你學(xué)到的東西寫(xiě)下來(lái)。所以選擇項(xiàng)B“Writedownwhatyoulearnskillfully.(熟練地把你學(xué)到的東西寫(xiě)下來(lái)。)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選B。第三部分英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Amanwasemployedtopaintaboat.Hebroughtpaintandbrushesandbegantopainttheboatastheownerwanted.Whilepainting,he____21____therewasaholeinthebodyoftheboatanddecidedto____22____it.Whenhefinishedpainting,hereceivedhis____23____andleft.Thenextday,theowneroftheboatvisitedthepainterand____24____himwithacheque(支票),muchhigherthanwhathewaspaidforthepaintingwork.Thepainterwas____25____.“You’vealreadypaidmeforpaintingtheboat,sir!”hesaid.“Thisisnotforthepaintjob.It’sforrepairingthe____26____intheboat.”“Ah!Butitwassuchasmallservice.”Themansaid,“Certainlyit’snotworthpayingmesuchahighamountforsomethingso____27____!”Mydearfriend,“theownersaid,”Youdon’tunderstand.Letmetellyou____28____happened.WhenIaskedyoutopainttheboat,Iforgottomentionthehole.Whentheboatdried,mykidstookitand____29____afishingtrip.Theydidnotknowthattherewasaholethere.“Iwasnotathomeatthetime.SowhenI____30____andnoticedtheyhadtakentheboat,Iwas____31____.Imaginemy____32____andjoywhenIsawthemreturningsafelyfromfishing.Then,Iexaminedtheboatandfoundthatyouhadrepairedthehole!Younowseewhatyoudid?You____33____thelifeofmychildren!Eachofushasamoraldutytoofferhelp,wipetears,listencarefullyandrepairallthe”holes“wecome____34____inourlifejourney,becauseasmallactwillmakeabig____35____inthefuture.21.A.felt B.heard C.sensed D.noticed22.A.make B.dig C.repair D.prepare23.A.money B.paint C.brush D.fish24.A.dropped B.cooked C.presented D.took25.A.happy B.disappointed C.embarrassed D.surprised26.A.hole B.chair C.paddle D.picture27.A.huge B.small C.great D.rude28A.when B.why C.what D.how29.A.wenton B.wentaway C.wentover D.wentthrough30.A.drove B.shared C.rewarded D.returned31.A.hopeless B.silly C.crazy D.excited32.A.belief B.relief C.sadness D.worry33.A.saved B.hurt C.broke D.designed34.A.out B.in C.across D.into35.A.achievement B.progress C.process D.difference【答案】21.D22.C23.A24.C25.D26.A27.B28.C29.A30.D31.A32.B33.A34.C35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一個(gè)人被雇來(lái)為船刷油漆，順便幫船主把船上的漏洞補(bǔ)上，而得到雇主的額外褒獎(jiǎng)的故事，說(shuō)明看似不起眼的一次小小的善舉，便能給人以很大便利和幫助，甚至救人性命?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在油漆時(shí)，他注意到船身上有一個(gè)洞，于是決定修理它。A.felt感覺(jué)；B.heard聽(tīng)見(jiàn)；C.sensed感覺(jué)；D.noticed注意到。根據(jù)后文“therewasaholeinthebodyoftheboat”可知，他注意到船身上有一個(gè)洞。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在油漆時(shí)，他注意到船身上有一個(gè)洞，于是決定修理它。A.make制作；B.dig挖掘；C.repair修理；D.prepare準(zhǔn)備。根據(jù)后文“It’sforrepairingthe____6____intheboat.”可知，這里指油漆工決定修理船上的洞。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：油漆涂完后，他拿了錢就走了。A.money金錢；B.paint油漆；C.brush刷子；D.fish魚(yú)。根據(jù)前文“Whenhefinishedpainting”可知，他結(jié)束了涂油漆工作，拿了工資（錢）就走了。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：第二天，船主拜訪了油漆工，并給了他一張支票，這張支票比他給船涂油漆的報(bào)酬要高得多。A.dropped落下；B.cooked烹飪；C.presented把……交給；D.took帶走。根據(jù)后文“acheque”可知，船主提交了一張支票給油漆匠；presentsb.withsth.遞給某人某物，固定搭配。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：油漆工很驚訝。A.happy快樂(lè)的；B.disappointed失望的；C.embarrassed尷尬的；D.surprised驚訝的。根據(jù)前文“muchhigherthanwhathewaspaidforthepaintingwork”可知，船主給的支票比他給船涂油漆的報(bào)酬要高得多，因此油漆匠感到很驚訝。故選D。【26題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是用來(lái)（支付）修理船上的洞的。A.hole洞；B.chair椅子；C.paddle船槳；D.picture圖片。根據(jù)前文“therewasaholeinthebodyoftheboat”和“Thisisnotforthepaintjob.”可知，船主給支票不是因?yàn)橛推峤辰o船涂油漆，而是因?yàn)橛推峤辰o船修補(bǔ)了一個(gè)洞。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)然不值得為這么小的事情付這么高的錢！A.huge巨大的；B.small小的；C.great極好的；D.rude粗魯?shù)摹８鶕?jù)前文“itwassuchasmallservice”可知，油漆匠認(rèn)為修補(bǔ)船上的小洞是一個(gè)很小的服務(wù)，不值得為這么小的東西付這么高的價(jià)錢。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查連接詞辨析。句意：我來(lái)告訴你發(fā)生了什么。A.when何時(shí)；B.why為什么；C.what什么；D.how如何。根據(jù)后文故事的描述可知，船主來(lái)告訴漆工發(fā)生了什么事情。whathappen表示“發(fā)生了什么”。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：船干了以后，我的孩子們把它開(kāi)走并且進(jìn)行一次釣魚(yú)之旅。A.wenton繼續(xù)，進(jìn)行；B.wentaway離開(kāi)；C.wentover仔細(xì)檢查；D.wentthrough經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)下文“afishingtrip”可知，孩子們進(jìn)行了一次釣魚(yú)之旅。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：所以當(dāng)我回來(lái)發(fā)現(xiàn)他們已經(jīng)把船開(kāi)走時(shí)，我絕望了。A.drove駕駛；B.shared分享；C.rewarded獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)；D.returned返回。根據(jù)上文“Iwasnotathomeatthetime.(那時(shí)我不在家)”指船主回來(lái)以后發(fā)現(xiàn)孩子把船開(kāi)走了。故選D?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：所以當(dāng)我回來(lái)發(fā)現(xiàn)他們已經(jīng)把船開(kāi)走時(shí)，我絕望了。A.hopeless絕望的；B.silly愚蠢的；C.crazy瘋狂的；D.excited激動(dòng)的。根據(jù)后文“andnoticedtheyhadtakentheboat”可知，得知孩子們出海了，父親很絕望，因?yàn)楹⒆觽儠?huì)有生命危險(xiǎn)。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：想象一下，當(dāng)我看到他們釣魚(yú)安全歸來(lái)時(shí)，我的寬慰和喜悅。A.belief相信；B.relief安慰；C.sadness悲傷；D.worry擔(dān)心。根據(jù)后文“whenIsawthemreturningsafelyfromfishing”可知，船主以為修理工沒(méi)有修補(bǔ)那個(gè)洞，所以當(dāng)他看孩子們平安歸來(lái)，船主感到寬慰和喜悅。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：你救了我孩子的命！A.saved拯救；B.hurt傷害；C.broke打破；D.designed設(shè)計(jì)。根據(jù)后文“Isawthemreturningsafelyfromfishing”可知油漆工的舉動(dòng)救了船主孩子的命。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我們每個(gè)人都有道義上的責(zé)任去提供幫助，擦干眼淚，仔細(xì)傾聽(tīng)，修補(bǔ)我們?cè)谌松猛局杏龅降乃小奥┒础保驗(yàn)橐粋€(gè)小小的舉動(dòng)會(huì)對(duì)未來(lái)產(chǎn)生很大的影響。A.(come)out出版；B.(come)in進(jìn)來(lái)；C.(come)across遇到；D.(come)into進(jìn)入。根據(jù)前文“repairallthe“hole””可知，此處表示修補(bǔ)人生道路上遇到的“洞”。故選C。【35題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們每個(gè)人都有道義上的責(zé)任去幫助別人，擦眼淚，仔細(xì)傾聽(tīng)，修補(bǔ)我們?cè)谌松猛局杏龅降乃小岸础?，因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)小小的行動(dòng)會(huì)在未來(lái)產(chǎn)生很大的影響。A.achievement成就；B.progress進(jìn)步；C.process過(guò)程；D.difference差異。上文油漆工的一個(gè)小舉動(dòng)救了船主孩子的生命，所以，一個(gè)小小的行動(dòng)會(huì)在未來(lái)產(chǎn)生很大的影響。固定短語(yǔ)makeadifference“有影響”，固定搭配。故選D。第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題共55分)第三部分英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Manyofusknowthateatinglate___36___(be)bad.Anewstudysaysthateatinglateatnightcouldmakeussick.ResearchersfromBrighamandWomen’sHospitalsaythateatingafewhoursbeforebedmeansthatthereisahigherriskofobesity(肥胖癥).Theylookedintowhyeatinglateincreasestheriskof___37___(put)onweight.Theyfoundthateatinglateincreases___38___(hungry),soweeatmore.Whenweeat___3