寧德市2024-2025學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期期末高二質(zhì)量檢測

英語試題

注意事項(xiàng):

1、本試卷共12頁。滿分150分。答題時(shí)間120分鐘。

2、答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的班級(jí)、姓名填寫在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。

3、全部答案在答題卡上完成，答在本試卷上無效。

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂

到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題L5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選

項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱

讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。

1.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?

A.Inthehotel.B.Ontheplane.C.Attheairport.

2.Whatisthewomanprobablydoing?

A.Takingajobinterview.B.Chattingwithafriend.C.Makingaspeech.

3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Chemicalexperiments.B.Italianculture.C.Cooking.

4.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?

A.Gohome.B.Attendaclass.C.Emailherprofessor.

5.Whenistheconfirmedappointmentfortheman'seyetest?

A.At10:00.B.At10:30.C.At11:30.

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題L5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)

中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小

題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6至7題。

6.Whatisthemanthinkingabout?

A.Themeetingschedule.

B.Thetouristdestination.

C.Theoverseasstudydestination.

7.Whatisthewomangoingtodo?

A.Talkwithherteacher.

B.Pickupherdaughter.

C.Haveadancelesson.

聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。

8.WhendidthemanstarttoliveinAmerica?

A.In2011.B.In2013.C.In2016.

9.WhatchallengedidthemanfacewhenhereturnedtoJapan?

A.Languagebarriers.B.Hisnationality.C.Cultureshock.

10.WhydoesthemanadapttoJapaneseculturenow?

A.Japanesepeoplelikemakingfriends.

B.Japanesepeoplerespectothers5opinions.

C.Japanesepeopledon'thavedifferentopinions.

聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。

11.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Socialmedia.B.Awearabledevice.C.Sportsandfitness.

12.WhatdoesthestudyaboutFitkitfocuson?

A.AccuracyofFitkit.B.Sleepingheartrate.C.Physicalactivities.

13.HowdoesthemanfindhisFitkit?

A.Cheap.

B.Uncomfortable.

C.Recommendable.

聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。

14.Whatdoesthewoman'sjobinvolve?

A.Cookingmeals.

B.Makingclothes.

C.Bookingphotographers.

15.Whydosomepeoplehireaweddingplanner?

A.Tosavetime.

B.Tolowerthecosts.

C.Toattendtheparty.

16.Whatdidthewomandobeforeshebecameaweddingplanner?

A.Sheranarestaurant.

B.Shehostedtheopen-airevent.

C.Shevolunteeredforanorganization.

17.Howdidthewomanattractcustomers?

A.Bytakingtraining.

B.Bypresentingbeautifulpictures.

C.Byshowingthemwrittenreferences.

聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。

18.Whatisthespeaker'sfutureoccupationchoice?

A.Anauthor.B.Aninterpreter.C.Ateacher.

19.Whichsubjectcanexpandculturalbackgroundknowledge?

A.Math.B.English.C.Literature.

20.Whatisthespeaker'sfamily'sattitudetowardhischoice?

A.Favorable.B.Doubtful.C.Opposed.

第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將

該項(xiàng)涂黑。

A

ThisistheHeritageOpenDays,whichlargelyhappensoutsideLondon.Allarefree,someneedbookingin

advance,otherwise,justturnupontheday.

ParndonHallOpenDays

ThePrincessAlexandraHospitalNHSTrust,HamstelRoad,Harlow,Essex

TheformerhomeofLoftus&ElizabethArkwright,ParndonHallwasbuiltin1867.Elizabethdecoratedrooms

withpaintings,aswasthefashionatthetime,butnowthehouseisusedbythehospitalandtheoriginalroomshave

newpurposes.

?Saturday18September:11:00;12:30;14:00;15:00

?Sunday19September:11:00;12:30;14:00;15:00

BOOKINGNEEDED

HighLighthouseOpenDays

HighLighthouse,WestStreet,Harwich,Essex

TheHighLighthousewasbuiltin1818tolineupwiththeLowLighthouse,nowtheMaritimeMuseum,which

isalsoaheritage.Togethertheyoperatedasleadinglightsforshipping.Itwaslastusedasalighthousein1863.It

hasbeeninuseasaradiomuseumandasacouncilhouse.ClimbtothetopforadramaticviewoftheHarwicharea.

?Saturday11September:10:00-16:00

?Sunday12September:10:00-16:00

CaptainJonesHouseOpenDays

CaptainJonesHouse,21，KingsHeadStreet,Harwich,Essex

ThisisthehomeofthemasteroftheMayflower,amajorityofwhichisstillinoriginalcondition.Thishouse

hasbeenmaintainedashistoricallyaccurateaspossiblesubjecttomodernisationsuchaselectricity.

?Saturday11September:11:00-15:00

?Sunday12September:11:00-15:00

1.WhatcanweknowaboutParndonHall?

A.YoucanseeElizabeth'spaintingsthere.B.ItcanbevisitedthewholeSaturday.

C.Youhavetomakeareservationtovisitit.D.Itsdecorationsarestillfashionable.

2.HowmanyheritagescanyouvisitinHarwich?

A.2.B.3.C.4.D.5.

3.Whatdotheseopendayshaveincommon?

A.TheyhappeninearlySeptember.B.Theyalllastfivehours.

C.TheyareheldinHarwich.D.Theyareopenataspecifictime.

【答案】LC2.B3.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了遺址開放日期間三個(gè)開放場所的相關(guān)信息。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ParndonHallOpenDays部分中“BOOKINGNEEDED（需要預(yù)訂）”可知，參觀Parndon

Hall需要提前預(yù)訂。故選C項(xiàng)。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HighLighthouseOpenDays部分中“HighLighthouse,WestStreet,Harwich,Essex（高燈塔,

西街，哈威奇，埃塞克斯）"和"TheHighLighthousewasbuiltin1818tolineupwiththeLowLighthouse,now

theMaritimeMuseum,whichisalsoaheritage.（高燈塔建于1818年，與現(xiàn)在的海事博物館---低燈塔在一條

直線上，低燈塔也是一處遺產(chǎn)）”；木艮據(jù)CaptainJonesHouseOpenDays部分中^CaptainJonesHouse,21,

KingsHeadStreet,Harwich,Essex（瓊斯船長之家，21號(hào)，國王頭街，哈威奇，埃塞克斯）”和“CaptainJones

House,21,KingsHeadStreet,Harwich,Essex（瓊斯船長之家，位于埃塞克斯郡哈里奇國王頭街21號(hào)）”可知，

在哈威奇（Harwich）可以參觀高燈塔、低燈塔（海事博物館）和瓊斯船長之家3處遺址。故選B項(xiàng)。

【3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ParndonHallOpenDays部分?Saturday18September:11:00;12:30;14:00;15:00?Sunday

19September:11:00;12:30;14:00;15:00（-9月18日周六：11:00；12:30；14:00；15:00?9月19日周日：

11:00；12:30；14:00；15:00）"、Hi?LiqhthouseOpenDays部分u?Saturday11September:10:00-16:00

?Sunday12September:10:00-16:00（-911日周六：10:00-16:00?9月12日周日：10:00-16:00）”以及Captain

JonesHouseOpenDays部分?Saturday11September:11:00-15:00?Sunday12September:11:00-15:00（*9月

11日周六：11:00-15:00?9月12日周日：11:00-15:00）”可知，這三個(gè)開放日都在特定時(shí)間開放。故選D項(xiàng)。

B

The“FatheroftheNationalParkSystem,“JohnMuirwasaninfluentialwriter,naturalist,and

environmentalistduringthelate19thandearly20thcenturies.Bornin1838inDunbar,Scotland,hemovedtothe

UnitedStateswithhisfamilyandwasattractedbytheland.Hewasaprize-winninginventor,butifshislovefor

wildplacesandabsolutedevotiontoprotectingthemthatwerememberhimfor.

Asayoungman,heexploredtheNorthAmericancontinentbyfoot,walkingthousandsofmilesuntilhe

eventuallysettledinCalifornia.There,hefellinlovewithYosemiteValleyandtheSierraNevadaMountains.His

articleseries,"'StudiesintheSierra,puthisnameonthemapandlaunchedaprolificwritingcareer,withover300

articlesand10bookspublished.Atruemountainman,heencouragedeveryoneto“climbthemountainsandget

theirgoodtidings”.

Hiswritingsinspiredpresidents,congressmen,andaveragecitizenstocareaboutnature.In1890,dueinlarge

parttoaseriesofarticleshepublishedinCenturymagazine,U.S.CongresscreatedYosemiteNationalPark.Muir

wasalsoinvolvedinthecreationoftheSequoia,MountRainier,PetrifiedForest,andGrandCanyonNational

Parks,thusearninghistitle.

Buthisworkdidn'tstopthere:in1892MuirandhissupportersfoundedtheSierraClubto"dosomethingfor

wildnessandmakethemountainsglad."In1901,hepublishedthebook"OurNationalParks“andcaughtthe

attentionofPresidentTheodoreRoosevelt,whovisitedhimatYosemite.Duringthatvisit,theylaidthefoundation

ofRoosevelfsgroundbreakingprotectionprograms.

Muirdiedin1914,buthismemoryliveson,continuingtoinspirenewgenerationsofenvironmentalist

everywhere.

4.Whichcanbestexplaintheunderlinedword"prolific“inParagraph2?

A.High-paying.B.Normal.C.Full-time.D.Productive.

5.WhatcontributedtoMuir'swritingcareer?

A.Hisloveforwildplaces.B.Hisworkasanenvironmentalist.

C.Hisdevotiontonationalparks.D.HisexplorationofAmericancontinents.

6.Whatcanweknowfromparagraph3?

A.Muir'sarticlesearnedhimhistitle.

B.Muirappealedfortheprotectionofnationalparks.

C.Muirinspiredpeopletovisitnationalparks.

D.Muir'sarticleshadaninfluenceonofficialdecision.

7.WhichwordscanbestdescribeMuir?

A.Adventurousandcommitted.B.Determinedandhumorous.

C.Honestandcourageous.D.Generousandinspirational.

【答案】4.D5,A6.D7.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了“國家公園系統(tǒng)之父”一一約翰?繆爾是19世紀(jì)末和20世

紀(jì)初一位有影響力的作家、自然學(xué)家和主義者。他對(duì)荒野的熱愛促成了他的寫作生涯，同時(shí)他通過寫作來

號(hào)召人們保護(hù)荒野。

【4題詳解】

詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞下文“withover300articlesand10bookspublished（發(fā)布了300多篇文章和10本

書）”可知，JohnMuir是個(gè)多產(chǎn)的作家，由此可推知，劃線單詞意為“多產(chǎn)的”，與D項(xiàng)“Productive.（多

產(chǎn)的）”意思一樣，故選D。

【5題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Asayoungman,heexploredtheNorthAmericancontinentbyfoot,walking

thousandsofmilesuntilheeventuallysettledinCalifornia.There,hefellinlovewithYosemiteValleyandthe

SierraNevadaMountains.Hisarticleseries,"'StudiesintheSierra,“puthisnameonthemapandlaunched

aprolificwritingcareer,withover300articlesand10bookspublished.（作為一個(gè)年輕人，他徒步探索了北美大

陸，走了數(shù)千英里，最終定居在加利福尼亞。在那里，他愛上了約米蒂山谷和內(nèi)華達(dá)山脈。他的文章系列

《內(nèi)華達(dá)山脈研究》使他聲名鵲起，開啟了一段多產(chǎn)的寫作，出版了300多篇文章和10本書。）”可知，

Muir對(duì)荒野的熱愛促成了他的寫作生涯，故選A。

【6題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理施窣題。根據(jù)第三段中“Hiswritingsinspiredpresidents,congressmen,andaveragecitizenstocareabout

nature.In1890,dueinlargeparttoaseriesofarticleshepublishedinCenturymagazine,U.S.Congresscreated

YosemiteNationalPark.MuirwasalsoinvolvedinthecreationoftheSequoia,MountRainier,PetrifiedForest,and

GrandCanyonNationalParks,thusearninghistitle.（他的著作激勵(lì)了總統(tǒng)、國會(huì)議員和普通公民關(guān)注自然。

1890年，由于他在《世紀(jì)》雜志上發(fā)表系列文章，美國國會(huì)創(chuàng)建了約塞米蒂國家公園。穆爾還參與了紅

木、雷尼爾山、化石森林和大峽谷國家的創(chuàng)建，因此贏得了“國家公園之父”的稱號(hào)。）”可知，繆爾

（Muir）的文章對(duì)官方的決定有影響，故選D。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Asayoungman,heexploredtheNorthAmericancontinentbyfoot,walking

thousandsofmilesuntilheeventuallysettledinCalifornia.（作為一個(gè)年輕人，他徒步探索了北美大陸，走了數(shù)

千英里，最終定居在加利福尼亞。）”可知，Muir愛冒險(xiǎn)；根據(jù)第三段中“Hiswritingsinspiredpresidents,

congressmen,andaveragecitizenstocareaboutnature.（他的著作激勵(lì)了總統(tǒng)、國會(huì)議員和普通公民關(guān)注自

然。）”和第四段中“Buthisworkdidn'tstopthere:in1892,MuirandhissupportersfoundedtheSierraClubto

“dosomethingforwildnessandmakethemountainsglad."In1901,hepublishedthebook“OurNationalParks”

andcaughttheattentionofPresidentTheodoreRoosevelt,whovisitedhimatYosemite.Duringthatvisit,theylaid

thefoundationofRoosevelt5sgroundbreakingprotectionprograms.（但他的工作并未止步于此：1892年，繆爾

和他的支持者們創(chuàng)立了塞拉俱樂部，旨在“為野地做點(diǎn)什么，讓群山歡欣鼓舞”。1901年，他出版了《我

們的國家公園》一書，引起了西奧多羅斯?？偨y(tǒng)的關(guān)注，羅斯?？偨y(tǒng)訪問了他在優(yōu)勝美地的居所。在那次

訪問期間，他們奠定了羅斯福開創(chuàng)性的保護(hù)計(jì)劃的基礎(chǔ)）”可知，他致力于保護(hù)荒野，寫了很多作品，并

一直堅(jiān)持，所以說他很堅(jiān)定，故選A。

C

Anexperimentalpairofglovesisn'tparticularlyfashionableorusefulforkeepinganyone5shandswarm.

Insteadtheglovesusetactile（觸覺的）sensorswovenintoitsfabrictoserveanentirelydifferentpurpose:teaching

pianoandotherhands-onskills.

MassachusettsInstituteofTechnologygraduatestudentYiyueLuoandhercolleaguescreatedthese“smart

gloves“usingtactiletechnology,whichincludesphysicalsensationssuchasvibrations（震動(dòng)）orforcetohelpwith

tactileactivities.Researchersusedtheglovestorecordonepianist'shandmovementswhileplayingasong.They

thenrelayedthosemovementstoastudentthroughfingertipvibrations,helpingthelearnerbuildmusclememory

andperformthepiecewithgreateraccuracy.""Hand-basedmovementslikepianoplayingarenormallyreally

subjectiveanddifficulttorecordandtransfer,9,Luosays."Butwiththeseglovesweareactuallyabletotrackone

person'stouchexperienceandshareitwithanotherpersontoimprovetheirtactilelearningprocess.95

Usingacomputerizedembroidery（刺繡）machine,theteamfixedsmallwireslinkedtoapressure-sensing

materialintheglovestodetecthandmotions.Whenapianoteacherwearingtheglovesrepeatedlyperformeda

tune,amachine-learningalgorithm（運(yùn)算法貝U）processedtheirmovementonthekeysandtranslateditinto

instructionalvibrations.Studentswearingtheirownglovesthenattemptedtoplaythesametune,withthefingertip

vibrationsguidingthemthroughpropermovements.Bythetrials5end,studentswhohadpracticedwiththegloves

couldplaymoreaccuratelythanthosewhohadnot.

Theteamalsotestedthegloves'abilitytoaidpeopleplayingonlinegameswithamouseandkeyboard,

recordingmotionsfromexperiencedplayerstoguidegreenhands.Peoplewhogamedwiththegloves'guidance

scoredbetteronaveragethanthosewhodidnot.

Playingpianoorvideogamesisoftenjustforfun,butLuoaddsthatwithanimprovedalgorithm,codedto

identifyandcatchfinerhandmovements,thenewglovetechnologycouldsomedayhelptoteachcrucialpractices

suchasmedicaloperations.

8.Inwhichpracticecanthesmartglovesbeunavailable?

A.Playingtheguitar.B.Singingsongs.

C.Teachingsignlanguage.D.Typingonakeyboard.

9.Whatisthefunctionofthepressure-sensingmaterial?

A.Torecordsongs.

B.Totranslatetunes.

C.Tokeephandswarm.

D.Tomonitorhandmovements.

10.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

A.Theglovesaredesignedforfun.

B.Thegloveshavebeenputintouse.

C.Theglovescanbeusedtoidentifycodes.

D.Thegloveswillbeusedinmorefields.

11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Anintroductiontoapromisingtechnology.

B.Anadvertisementofanewproduct.

C.Anapproachtoteachingpiano.

D.Aninstructionforacomputerizedmachine.

【答案】8.B9.D10.D11.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了麻省理工學(xué)院研發(fā)的能教技能的“智能手套”及其用途。

【8題詳解】

推理判斷題。由文章第一段中“Insteadtheglovesusetactile（觸覺的）sensorswovenintoitsfabrictoserve

anentirelydifferentpurpose:teachingpianoandotherhands-onskills.（相反，這副手套使用了織入其織物中的

觸覺傳感器，以實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)完全不同的目的：教授鋼琴以及其他需要?jiǎng)邮植僮鞯募寄?。）”可知，這種智能手

套用于教像彈鋼琴這樣的需要?jiǎng)邮值募寄?。而唱歌主要是用嗓子，不需要?jiǎng)邮植僮鳎灾悄苁痔自凇俺?/p>

歌”這種實(shí)踐中不可用。故選B。

【9題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段中的"Usingacomputerizedembroidery（刺繡）machine,theteamfixedsmallwires

linkedtoapressure-sensingmaterialintheglovestodetecthandmotions.（該團(tuán)隊(duì)使用一臺(tái)電腦刺繡機(jī)，將與壓

力感應(yīng)材料相連的細(xì)電線固定在手套中，以監(jiān)測手部動(dòng)作。）”可知，壓力感應(yīng)材料連接著小電線，其功能

是監(jiān)測手部運(yùn)動(dòng)。故選D。

【10題詳解】

推理判斷題。由文章最后一段"Playingpianoorvideogamesisoftenjustforfun,butLuoaddsthatwithan

improvedalgorithm,codedtoidentifyandcatchfinerhandmovements,thenewglovetechnologycouldsomeday

helptoteachcrucialpracticessuchasmedicaloperations.（彈鋼琴或玩電子游戲通常只是為了娛樂，但羅藝悅

補(bǔ)充說，通過改進(jìn)算法，對(duì)算法進(jìn)行編程以識(shí)別和捕捉更細(xì)微的手部動(dòng)作，這種新的手套技術(shù)有朝一日可

能會(huì)有助于教授像醫(yī)療手術(shù)這樣關(guān)鍵的操作技能。）”可知，這種手套將會(huì)被應(yīng)用到更多的領(lǐng)域。故選D。

【11題詳解】

主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章第一段"Anexperimentalpairofglovesisn'tparticularlyfashionableor

usefulforkeepinganyone'shandswarm.Insteadtheglovesusetactile（觸覺的）sensorswovenintoitsfabricto

serveanentirelydifferentpurpose:teachingpianoandotherhands-onskills.（一副實(shí)驗(yàn)性的手套既算不上特別時(shí)

尚，也不能很好地為人們的雙手保暖。相反，這副手套使用了織入其織物中的觸覺傳感器，以實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)完

全不同的目的：教授鋼琴以及其他需要?jiǎng)邮植僮鞯募寄?。）”可知，文章開篇介紹了麻省理工學(xué)院研究生研

發(fā)的“智能手套”，接著闡述了其工作原理、在教彈鋼琴和玩游戲方面的應(yīng)用，最后提到未來可能應(yīng)用到

醫(yī)療等領(lǐng)域，所以文章主要是對(duì)一種有前景的技術(shù)（智能手套技術(shù)）的介紹。故選A。

D

Inanerawhenonlinemisinformationisseeminglyeverywhereandobjectivefactsareofteninargument,UC

Berkeleypsychologistsinanewstudyhavepresentedasomewhatcontradictorypartialsolution:Exposeyoung

childrentomoremisinformationonline-notless.

Orticio,aPh.D.studentinUCBerkeley'sDepartmentofPsychology,andhiscolleaguesusedapairof

experimentsinvolving122childrenagedfourtoseventotesthowtheirlevelofskepticism（懷疑）changedin

differentonlineenvironments.

Thefirststudyexposedthemtoane-bookwithvaryingdegreesoftrueandfalsestatementsaboutanimals.Next

toapictureofazebra,forexample,somechildrenwereshowntruthslikethatzebrashadblackandwhitestripes.

Otherswereshownfalsehoodsaboutzebrasbeingredandgreen.Basedonthatinformation,theyindicatedwhether

theclaimsweretrueorfalse.Asecondstudysimulated（模擬）searchengineresultsandposedsimilaranimalfacts

andfictions.

Next,childrenevaluatedthetruthofanewclaimwithinthatsamedigitalcontext,thistimeaboutanalienspecies

calledZorpies.Onascreenwereimagesof20so-calledZorpies.Oneofthealien'sfacesshowedthatithadthree

eyes;therestoftheZorpiesworedarksunglassesthatcoveredtheireyes.Childrenwerethenaskedtodecidewhether

allZorpieshadthreeeyes.Butbeforemakingtheirfinaldecision,participantswereallowedtofact-checktheclaim

bytappinganynumberofthealiens,removingtheirsunglassesandrevealingtheireyes.Sincechildrenknewnothing

aboutthealiens,theirskepticismcouldonlycomefromtheirassessmentofhowreliablethisdigitalplatformwas.

Researchersfoundthatthechildrenwhowerethemosthardworkingaboutfact-checkingtheZorpiesclaims

werealsotheoneswhosawmorefalseclaimsaboutanimalsearlierinthestudy.Meanwhile,thosewhohadmore

reliableenvironmentswithfewerfalseclaimsearlierinthestudydidalmostnofact-checking.Acomputersimulation

confirmedthatthechildreninthemoreunreliableenvironmentsweremorelikelytorevealpotentialmisinformation.

12.Whatdopsychologistsrecommendtohelpchildrendealwithonlinemisinformation?

A.Toleavetheminalessprotectedinformationenvironment.

B.Tohelpthemsortoutdifferentkindsofinformation.

C.Torequirethemtocollectsomeusefulinformation.

D.Tohelpthemdeveloptheabilityofthecriticalthinking.

13.Whowillbemorelikelytobecomeagoodfact-checker?

A.Thechildrenworkinghardertomakestatements.

B.Thechildrenseeingmorefalseclaims.

C.Thechildrenexposedtomoredigitalcontexts.

D.Thechildrenexposedtomorereliableenvironments.

14.Howweretheexperimentsconducted?

A.Bymakingcomparisons.

B.Bymakingquestionnaires.

C.Byanalyzingdocuments.

D.Byinterviewingparticipants.

15.Whatcanwelearnfromtheexperiments?

A.Theywerecarriedoutthroughthesameonlinedigitalplatform.

B.ParticipantscantapthenumberofZorpiestogettrueinformation.

C.Participantscanremovethesunglassesforreference.

DTheybothpresentedfalseinformationtotheparticipants.

【答案】12.A13.B14.A15.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了加州大學(xué)伯克利分校的心理學(xué)家通過實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)，讓孩子接觸更多網(wǎng)

絡(luò)虛假信息能提高他們的懷疑精神和事實(shí)核查能力。

【12題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"Inanerawhenonlinemisinformationisseeminglyeverywhereandobjectivefactsare

ofteninargument,UCBerkeleypsychologistsinanewstudyhavepresentedasomewhatcontradictorypartial

solution:Exposeyoungchildrentomoremisinformationonline一notless.（在一個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)虛假信息似乎無處不在、

客觀事實(shí)常引發(fā)爭議的時(shí)代，加州大學(xué)伯克利分校的心理學(xué)家在一項(xiàng)新研究中提出了一個(gè)看似矛盾的部分

解決方案：讓幼兒更多而非更少地接觸網(wǎng)絡(luò)虛假信息）”可知，心理學(xué)家建議讓孩子處于一個(gè)較少受到保護(hù)

的信息環(huán)境，接觸更多虛假信息。故選A項(xiàng)。

【13題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中"Researchersfoundthatthechildrenwhowerethemosthardworkingaboutfact

checkingtheZorpiesclaimswerealsotheoneswhosawmorefalseclaimsaboutanimalsearlierinthestudy.（研究

人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，在核查關(guān)于佐皮人說法的真實(shí)性方面最努力的孩子，也是那些在研究早期看到更多關(guān)于動(dòng)物虛

假說法的孩子）”可知，看到更多虛假說法的孩子更有可能成為優(yōu)秀的事實(shí)核查者。故選B項(xiàng)。

【14題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Thefirststudyexposedthemtoane-bookwithvaryingdegreesoftrueandfalse

statementsaboutanimals.Nexttoapictureofazebra,forexample,somechildrenwereshowntruthslikethatzebras

hadblackandwhitestripes.Otherswereshownfalsehoodsaboutzebrasbeingredandgreen.Basedonthat

information,theyindicatedwhethertheclaimsweretrueorfalse.Asecondstudysimulated（模擬）searchengine

resultsandposedsimilaranimalfactsandfictions.（第一項(xiàng)研究讓他們看一本電子書，里面有不同程度的關(guān)于動(dòng)

物的真假陳述。例如，在一張斑馬的照片旁邊，一些孩子看到了斑馬有黑白條紋這樣的事實(shí)。其他人則被告

知斑馬是紅色和綠色的謊言。根據(jù)這些信息，他們指出這些說法是真是假。第二項(xiàng)研究模擬了搜索引擎的結(jié)

果，并提出了類似的動(dòng)物事實(shí)和虛構(gòu)）”和第五段中Researchersfoundthatthechildrenwhowerethemost

hardworkingaboutfactcheckingtheZorpiesclaimswerealsotheoneswhosawmorefalseclaimsaboutanimals

earlierinthestudy.Meanwhile,thosewhohadmorereliableenvironmentswithfewerfalseclaimsearlierinthestudy

didalmostnofactchecking.（研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，在核查關(guān)于佐皮人說法的真實(shí)性方面最努力的孩子，也是那些在

研究早期看到更多關(guān)于動(dòng)物虛假說法的孩子。與此同時(shí)，那些在研究早期處于更可靠環(huán)境、虛假說法較少的

孩子幾乎沒有進(jìn)行事實(shí)核查）”可知，實(shí)驗(yàn)通過對(duì)比不同信息環(huán)境下孩子的表現(xiàn)來進(jìn)行，即通過做比較的方

式開展實(shí)驗(yàn)。故選A項(xiàng)。

【15題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“ChildrenwerethenaskedtodecidewhetherallZorpieshadthreeeyes.Butbefore

makingtheirfinaldecision,participantswereallowedtofactchecktheclaimbytappinganynumberofthealiens,

removingtheirsunglassesandrevealingtheireyes.（然后孩子們被要求判斷是否所有佐皮人都有三只眼睛。但

在做出最終決定之前，參與者可以通過點(diǎn)擊任意數(shù)量的外星人、摘下他們的太陽鏡并露出眼睛來核查這一

說法）”可知，參與者可以摘下外星人的太陽鏡來獲取參考信息。故選C項(xiàng)。

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后所給的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)

涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Essaysareanextendedpieceofwritingthatpresentsanargumentorinformationonatopic.Theycanvaryin

purpose,styleandtypebuttheyallinvolvequestioning,assessinganddiscussingideasorevidence.Herearefour

tipsonhowtowriteanessay:introducingyouressay,focusingonitstructure,usingquotesandsources,andending

withaconclusion.

Agoodintroductionexplainsthefactsthatthereaderneedstoknowfirst.16Beclearaboutyouraims

andalwayswriteinthethirdperson.It9sagoodideatobeginyouressayusingthesamestyleoflanguageasthe

question,toshowyouareansweringitdirectly.

17Paragraphscanhelp.Startwitha"topicsentence^^thatintroduceswhattheparagraphisabout.At

theend,bringyourtopictoaclosesothereadercanmoveontothenextidea.18Theyconnectittothe

previousone.

Ifyouusedideasfromabookinyouressay,youcanincludesnippetsfromittosupportyourpoints.Theseare

quotesandhavespeechmarksaroundthemtoshowtheyarenotyourwords.19Forexample,ccDrRoberts

says,"Climatechangeis...”'.Attheendoftheessay,youcanlistallthebooksthathelpedyou.

Inyourfinalparagraph,youshouldconcludebysummarisingallyourpointstoshowhowyouhaveanswered

theessayquestion.Ybumightbeginthissectionwith"Inconclusion,andyourtoneshouldbeconfident.20

A.Youshouldalsosharewhosaidit.

B.Ithelpsreadersimprovetheirwritingskills.

C.Tohelpthereaderfollowyourideas,youneedstructure.

D.Writingessaysisanunavoidablebutfunpartofstudyinglotsofsubjects.

E.Itsumsupwhattheessaywillbeaboutandwhatyouaretryingtoprove.

F.Hereyoucanwriteinthefirstpersonandgiveyourownopiniononthetopic.

G.Youcanusewordssuchas“however"or"fiirthermore“tostartanewparagraph.

【答案】16.E17.C18.G19.A20.F

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了如何書寫一篇文章。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Agoodintroductionexplainsthefactsthatthereaderneedstoknowfirst.（一篇好的導(dǎo)言首先解釋了

讀者需要知道的事實(shí)）”以及后文“Beclearaboutyouraimsandalwayswriteinthethirdperson.It?sagood

ideatobeginyouressayusingthesamestyleoflanguageasthequestion,toshowyouareansweringitdirectly.（明

確你的目標(biāo)，用第三人稱寫作。用與問題相同的語言風(fēng)格來開始你的文章是個(gè)好主意，這樣可以表明你在

直接回答問題）”可知，本句主要說明導(dǎo)言需要包含的內(nèi)容。故E選項(xiàng)“它概括了文章的內(nèi)容和你想要證明

的東西”符合語境，故選E。

【17題詳解】

木艮據(jù)后文Paragraphscanhelp.Startwitha“topicsentence^^thatintroduceswhattheparagraphisabout.Atthe

end,bringyourtopictoaclosesothereadercanmoveontothenextidea.（段落可以有所幫助。從“主題句"開

始，介紹這段話的內(nèi)容。最后，結(jié)束你的主題，這樣讀者就可以繼續(xù)下一個(gè)想法了）”可知，本段主要針對(duì)

文章的結(jié)構(gòu)提出了一些建議，故C選項(xiàng)“為了幫助讀者理解你的想法，你需要結(jié)構(gòu)”符合語境，故選C。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)后文“Theyconnectittothepreviousone.（它們把它和前一個(gè)連接起來）”可知，本句主要說明如何連接

段落，G選項(xiàng)中however和furthermore對(duì)應(yīng)后文They。故G選項(xiàng)“你可以用'however'或

"furthermore?這樣的詞來開始一個(gè)新的段落”符合語境，故選G。

【19題詳解】

卞艮據(jù)后文“Forexample,tcDrRobertssays,"Climatechangeis..」".Attheendoftheessay,youcanlistallthe

booksthathelpedyou.（例如，“羅伯茨博士說，'氣候變化是……’”。在文章的最后，你可以列出所有幫

助過你的書）”可知，后文的例子表明需要說明是誰的觀點(diǎn)，故A選項(xiàng)“你也應(yīng)該分享是誰說的”符合語

境，故選A。

[20題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Inyourfinalparagraph,youshouldconcludebysummarisingallyourpointstoshowhowyouhave

answeredtheessayquestion.Youmightbeginthissectionwith“Inconclusion,5,andyourtoneshouldbe

confident.（在你的最后一段，你應(yīng)該總結(jié)你所有的觀點(diǎn)來表明你是如何回答文章問題的。你可以用“總結(jié)”

來開始這個(gè)部分，你的語氣應(yīng)該自信）”可知，上文提到了如何寫最后一段，且最后一段主要和自己的觀點(diǎn)

有關(guān)，故F選項(xiàng)“在這里，你可以用第一人稱寫出你對(duì)這個(gè)話題的看法”符合語境，故