Unit1ScienceFictionPartOne詞匯句式一遍過(guò)I.閱讀障礙詞——寫出下列單詞的漢語(yǔ)意思1.fictionn._____________2.bonusn._____________3.ridiculousadj._____________4.dignityn._____________5.absurdadj._____________6.nailn._____________vt._____________7.laddern._____________8.salesmann._____________9.alienn._____________adj._____________10.inactionn._____________11.leathern._____________12.inchn._____________13.niecen._____________14.maximumadj._____________II.核心四會(huì)詞——根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)寫出單詞1._____________n.薪水；薪金2._____________vt.懸；掛；暫停；暫緩3._____________vt.讓(某人)離開；解散；解雇；消除4._____________conj.然而；但是；盡管5._____________n.謠言；傳聞6._____________vt.&vi.假設(shè)；假定7._____________n.車費(fèi)；船費(fèi)；飛機(jī)票價(jià)8._____________adj.更好的；占優(yōu)勢(shì)的；(在級(jí)別或重要性上)更高的9._____________n.勞動(dòng)(者)；體力勞動(dòng)vi.奮斗；努力工作10._____________vt.&vi.緊握；抓緊11._____________adj.模糊的；朦朧的；困惑的12._____________vt.(去)拿來(lái)；(去)請(qǐng)來(lái)13._____________n.手帕；紙巾14._____________n.燈；臺(tái)燈15._____________n.速度；步伐；節(jié)奏vt.&vi.確定速度；調(diào)整節(jié)奏16._____________adj.隨機(jī)的；不可思議的III.拓展延伸詞——根據(jù)詞性和漢語(yǔ)意思寫單詞1.appointvt.任命；委任→__________n.約會(huì)；預(yù)約；委任→__________adj.約定的；指定的2.guiltn.內(nèi)疚；悔恨；有罪→__________adj.內(nèi)疚的；有罪的；有過(guò)失的3.weekn.星期→__________adj.每周的n.周刊4.calculatevt.計(jì)算；核算；預(yù)測(cè)→___________n.計(jì)算；預(yù)測(cè)→__________n.計(jì)算器→__________adj.精心策劃的；蓄意的→___________adj.精明的；精于算計(jì)的5.declarevt.表明；宣稱；公布→___________n.公告；宣言6.dividevt.分割；分配；除以→___________n.分開；分隔；差異；除(法)；部門，處7.explodevi.&vt.爆炸；爆破→___________n.爆炸；爆破(聲)→_________adj.易爆炸的；猛增的8.mudn.泥；泥漿→___________adj.泥濘的9.urgen.強(qiáng)烈的欲望；沖動(dòng)vt.催促；力勸；大力推薦→___________adj.緊急的；迫切的IV.重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)英漢互譯(i)課內(nèi)基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo)1._____________檢驗(yàn)；測(cè)試2._____________更像是；更接近3._____________根據(jù)；以……的方式(基準(zhǔn))4._____________事物的利與弊；支持與反對(duì)5._____________比……更好；更勝一籌6.takeover_____________7.conflictwith_____________8.turnout_____________9.atmaximumspeed_____________10.onabusinesstrip_____________(ii)課外拓展延伸1._____________參加選拔2._____________一點(diǎn)也不像3._____________對(duì)……感到內(nèi)疚4._____________向……宣戰(zhàn)5._____________把某物分成……6.urgesbtodosth_____________7.keeppacewith_____________8.fallbehind_____________9.takeup_____________10.beseniorto_____________V.經(jīng)典句式過(guò)關(guān)練(i)課內(nèi)基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo)——補(bǔ)全句子1.她轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身來(lái)，格拉迪斯·克拉芬站在那里。(全部倒裝)Assheturnedaround,_____________GladysClaffern.2.今天十點(diǎn)鐘，第一臺(tái)時(shí)間機(jī)器開始投入使用。(強(qiáng)調(diào)句型)__________________________thefirstofallTimeMachinesbeganitscareer.3.環(huán)顧四周，我看到我的實(shí)驗(yàn)室和從前一模一樣。(現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ))_____________,Isawmylaboratoryexactlyasbefore.4.克萊爾覺(jué)得一個(gè)機(jī)器人對(duì)她表示同情十分荒謬，但她逐漸欣賞他的智慧和正直，并且開始信任他。(Itbe＋形容詞＋that從句)Clairethought_____________shewasbeingofferedsympathybyarobot,butshegraduallyadmiredhiswisdomandintegrityandbegantotrusthim.(ii)課外拓展延伸——補(bǔ)全句子1.她說(shuō)：“可是我已經(jīng)欺騙了我奶奶?！蹦橆a上流下了內(nèi)疚的淚水。(guilt)“ButIhavecheatedmygrandmother,”saidshe,and__________________________.2.當(dāng)老師宣布我是這次英語(yǔ)演講比賽的獲勝者時(shí)，我又驚又喜。(declare)Whentheteacher__________________________,Iwassurprisedandpleased.3.父母應(yīng)該積極地督促孩子利用這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)加入體育隊(duì)。(urge)Parentsshouldactively_______________________________________tojoinsportsteams.4.湯姆從他父親那里接管公司后，吸收了一些科學(xué)思想，并雇用了一些經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富、工作努力的工人。(takeover)__________________________,Tomtookinsomescientificideasandtookonsomeexperiencedandhard-workingworkers.PartTwo核心考點(diǎn)基礎(chǔ)練I.詞形變化練1.Youshouldhaveagoodplanforyourholidayratherthanspendit________(random).2.Afterthesecond_______(explode),allofthecity’smaintrainandsubwaystationswereshutdown.3.Ifyoustillcan’ttakemyadvice,yougetreadyforyour______(dismiss).4.Ifeel_______(guilt)forteasingtheinnocentchildwhofelloveronthe_______(mud)track.5.Wearediscussingaboutwhatthepossiblework_______(divide)isbetweenmenandwomen.6.Deepinsorrow,themanwonderedhowtofetchhelp,______(pace)upanddownintheroomnervously.7.Iquicklysigneduptotheoverallsportsclub,hadalookatthe______(week)timetableanddecidedtotrythemallout.8.Themostlikelyexplanationappearstobethatthe______(base)liesintheirlivingwithhumans,whichgivesthemalotofexposuretohumanfacialexpressions.II.固定用法練1.Mr.Whitefell______thetreeandbrokehisleftleglastweek.2.Hepickedupahandkerchief_____randomandhandedittohisniecetowipehernose.3.Theboyoftenconflicts______otherstudents,whichmakeshisparentsexplodewithanger.4.Ifyoufeel______youarethecharactersinthedrama,you’llfinditeasytomemorizethelines.5.Firstofall,itislearningmoreaboutthehistoryofChinesemoderndramainadvance____isofgreatimportance.6.Whenmanyscientistsandscholarswerestillarguingaboutthepros______consofalienexistenceandAIdevelopment,Hawkingsaidhebelievedhumanswouldeventuallybetaken______byAIandrobots.7.It’sreallyamazing______theonce-ruinedplacehasnowbeenturnedintoabeautifulschool,fulloflife.8.Hehasformedthehabitofgettingupearlyandexercising______adailybasis,whichenableshimtokeepphysicallyhealthy.PartThree高考題型強(qiáng)化練I.閱讀理解ATheteam,ledbyMichaelT.Tolley,aprofessorofmechanicalengineeringattheJacobsSchoolofEngineeringatUCSanDiego,detailsitsfindingsintheFeb.17,2021issueofthejournalScienceRobotics.“Thisworkrepresentsafundamentalyetsignificantsteptowardsfully-autonomous,electronics-freewalkingrobots,”saidDylanDrotman,aPhDstudentinTolley’sresearchgroupandthepaper’sfirstauthor.Applicationsincludelow-costrobotsforentertainment,suchastoys,androbotsthatcanoperateinenvironmentswhereelectronicscannotfunction,suchasMRImachines.Softrobotsareofparticularinterestbecausetheyeasilyadapttotheirenvironmentandoperatesafelynearhumans.Mostsoftrobotsarepoweredbyairandarecontrolledbyelectroniccircuits.Butthisapproachrequirescomplexcomponentslikecircuitboards,valves(閥門)andpumps—oftenoutsidetherobot’sbody.Thesecomponents,whichmakeuptherobot’sbrainandnervoussystem,aretypicallylargeandexpensive.Bycontrast,theUCSanDiegorobotiscontrolledbyalightweight,low-costsystemofair-poweredcircuits,madeupoftubesandsoftvalves,onboardtherobotitself.Therobotcanwalkoncommandorinresponsetosignalsitsensesfromtheenvironment.“Withourapproach，youcouldmakeaverycomplexroboticbrain,”saidTolley,thestudy’sseniorauthor.“Ourfocusherewastomakethesimplestair-powerednervoussystemneededtocontrolwalking.”Inthefuture,researcherswanttoimprovetherobot’swaystowalksoitcanwalkonnaturalfieldsandunevensurfaces.Thiswouldallowtherobottonavigateoveravarietyofobstacles(障礙).Thiswouldrequireamorecomplicatednetworkofsensorsandasaresultamorecomplexair-poweredsystem.Theteamwillalsolookathowthetechnologycouldbeusedtocreaterobots,whichareinpartcontrolledbyair-poweredcircuitsforsomefunctions,suchaswalking.1.Whatistheachievementoftheteam’sstudy?A.Theirrobotscanwalkahugestep.B.Theirrobotsworkfollowingcommands.C.Theirstudygetstheirelectronicsforfree.D.Theyfindanewtechniqueinwalkingrobots.2.Whatcantheteam’srobotsbeappliedtofromthepassage?A.Toycompanies’products.B.Environmentalprotection.C.Humansafety.D.Factorieswithoutworkers.3.Whatwilltheresearchersprobablydo?A.Changethewayofpower.B.Helprobotswalkashumans.C.Improverobotstoavoidobstacles.D.Buildanetworktocontrolrobots.4.Whatisthepassagemainlytalkingabout?A.Theintroductiontoelectronics-freewalkingrobots.B.Thefunctionsofnewly-developedrobots.C.Theapplicationsofsoftwalkingrobots.D.Thewaystoimprovetraditionalrobots.BArobotwithasenseoftouchmayoneday“feel”pain,bothitsownphysicalpainandsympathyforthepainofitshumancompanions.Suchrobotsarestillfaroff,butadvancesinrobotictouch-sensingarebringingthatpossibilityclosertoreality.Sensorssetinsoft,artificialskinthatcandetectbothagentletouchandapainfulstrikehavebeenhookeduptoarobotthatcanthensignalemotions,AsadareportedFebruary15attheannualmeetingoftheAmericanAssociationfortheAdvancementofScience.Thisartificial“painnervoussystem”,asAsadacallsit,maybeasmallbuildingblockforamachinethatcouldultimatelyexperiencepain.Suchafeelingmightalsoallowarobotto“sympathize”withahumancompanion’ssuffering.Asada,anengineeratOsakaUniversity,andhiscolleagueshavedesignedtouchsensorsthatreliablypickuparangeoftouches.InarobotsystemnamedAffetto,anrealistic-lookingchild’shead,thesetouchandpainsignalscanbeconvertedtoemotionalfacialexpressions.“Atouch-sensitive,softmaterial,asopposedtoarigidmetalsurface，allowsricherinteractionbetweenamachineandtheworld,”saysneuroscientistKingsonManoftheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia.“Artificialskinallowsthepossibilityofengagementintrulyintelligentways”.Suchasystem,Asadasays,mightultimatelyleadtorobotsthatcanrecognizethepainofothers,avaluableskillforrobotsdesignedtohelpcareforpeopleinneed,theelderly,forinstance.“Butthereisanimportantdistinctionbetweenarobotthatrespondsinapredictablewaytoapainfulstrikeandarobotthat’sabletocomputeaninternalfeelingaccurately,”saysDamasio,aneuroscientistalsoattheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia.“Arobotwithsensorsthatcandetectthetouchandpainisalongthelinesofhavingarobot，forexample,thatsmileswhenyoutalktoit”,Damasiosays.“It’sadeviceforcommunicationofthemachinetoahuman.Whilethat’saninterestingdevelopment,it’snotthesamethingasarobotdesignedtocomputesomesortofinternalexperience,”hesays.5.Whatdoweknowaboutthe“painnervoussystem”？A.ItisnamedAffettobyscientists.B.Itisasetofcomplicatedsensors.C.Itisabletosignaldifferentemotions.D.Itcombinessensorsandartificialskin.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“converted”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Delivered. B.Translated.C.Attached. D.Adapted.7.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A.MachinesBecomeEmotionalB.RobotsInchtoFeelingPainC.HumanFeelingsCanBeFeltD.NewDevicesTouchYourHeartII.完形填空Onemorning,Chard,workingasanassistantinanIndianhospital,spottedmeoutsidetheCOVID-19ward(病房).Iwasthen1tryingtofindoutaboutmybrother’s2.Butitwasaterribledayfordoctors—somepatientshaddied,andnew3werebeingwheeledinthroughout.SoChard4tomeandaskedifhecouldhelp.Itoldhimithadbeenthreedayssincemybrotherwasputonaventilator(呼吸器),andnoonecametoupdateus.Chard5helpandtoldmethattherehadbeennoturnforthe6inthelast10hours.Iwas7becauseitwasjustwhatIneededtohearwhileIwaitedforanhouroutsidetheward,anxiousand8.ItoldChardhowdepressedIhadfeltuntilhis9cutthroughmypanic.Later,Ioften10Chardandhiscolleaguestotakemessages,bringingsupportand11.Hishopefulwordsgavemesomerelief.Inthemostdifficulttimesinmylife,suchkind,calmingwords12alottome.Whenmybrotherwasdischargedafternearlyamonth,Isentamessage,expressingmygratitudetohimforhis13helpandendlessefforts.AndIwassoimpressedbyhis14undersuchcircumstances.Heisa15inthisfightlikedoctorsandnurses.1.A.desperately B.awfullyC.normally D.kindly2.A.surgery B.instructionC.condition D.medicine3.A.patients B.doctorsC.nurses D.assistants4.A.roseup B.turnedupC.walkedup D.showedup5.A.promised B.acceptedC.advised D.offered6.A.better B.strongerC.sadder D.worse7.A.annoyed B.satisfiedC.dizzy D.grateful8.A.scared B.hurtC.sensitive D.envied9.A.supply B.wordC.influence D.choices10.A.turnedin B.calledinC.reliedon D.tookon11.A.comfort B.ideaC.caution D.solution12.A.changed B.meantC.conveyed D.benefited13.A.technical B.enjoyableC.timely D.previous14.A.movement B.devotionC.decision D.achievement15.A.boy B.friendC.man D.heroIII.語(yǔ)法填空Theopeningofthehigh-speedraillinkbetweenHongKongandShenzhenhasonceagaincaughttheattentionoftheworld.In1876,thefirstcommercialtrain1.________(launch)inChina.Nowthisnewengineforcontinuedeconomicprogressisgraduallybecomingthecriterion.ThenetworkischangingChinainmanyways.Likerailwaytownsthatemergedalongthetracksinthe19thcenturyBritainandAmerica,urban2.________(grow)inChinaisalsofollowingtheraillines.Thenetwork3.________(result)inthecreationofbusinessopportunitieseversince.4._______isanecosystemthatismakingprofitsnotmerelythroughthesalesofticketsbutthroughitsoverallcapacity,5.________(drive)Chinaforwarddespiteinternationalfinancialdifficultiesofthisyear.Remotecitieswhichusedtocarryoutcommercial6._______(activity)alonearenowconnectedwithlargeindustrialzones.Bywayoftheincreasedconnectivity,lesserdevelopedregionsarecatchingupwithdevelopedones.Peoplecannowmaketripstoplaces7._______couldn’tbereachedbeforeoveraweekend.Similarly,theyhave8.________(great)accesstoremoteareasandlessexploredregionswherethelivesofpeopleconnectedtothetourismindustryhavebeendramaticallyimprovedthanbefore.High-speedtrainsarecontributing9.________(significant)toChina’seconomicandsocialdevelopment.Asthenetworkcontinuestoexpand,itwillnotbelongbeforeallregionsofthecountrystartprogressing10.________thesameinterdependentpace.答案部分PartOne詞匯句式一遍過(guò)I.閱讀障礙詞1.小說(shuō)；虛構(gòu)的事2.意外收獲；獎(jiǎng)金；紅利3.愚蠢的；荒謬的；荒唐的4.莊重；莊嚴(yán)；尊嚴(yán)5.荒謬的；荒唐的6.指甲；趾甲；釘子;(用釘子)釘牢；固定7.梯子；階梯8.售貨員；推銷員9.外星人(生物)；外國(guó)人;陌生的；外星的；外國(guó)的10.無(wú)行動(dòng)；不采取措施11.皮革[pl.皮衣；皮外套12.英寸13.侄女；外甥女14.最大極限的n.最大量；最大限度II.核心四會(huì)詞1.salary2.suspend3.dismiss4.whereas5.rumour6.presume7.fare8.superior9.labour10.grip11.hazy12.fetch13.handkerchief14.lamp15.pace16.randomIII.拓展延伸詞1.appointment;appointed2.guilty3.weekly4.calculation;calculator;calculated;calculating5.declaration6.division7.Explosion;explosive8.muddy9.urgentIV.重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)英漢互譯(i)1.testout2.morelike3.ona...basis4.prosandcons5.besuperiorto6.占上風(fēng)；取而代之；接管；接手7.與……沖突或抵觸8.關(guān)掉；熄滅；在場(chǎng)；使朝外；結(jié)果是9.以最高的速度10.出公差(ii)1.tryoutfor2.nothinglike3.beguiltyfor/at/about...4.declarewaron/against5.dividesthinto...6.催促某人做某事7.與……并駕齊驅(qū)；齊頭并進(jìn)；跟上……8.落后；跟不上9.占去；占據(jù)；開始從事10.比……年長(zhǎng)；比……地位高V.經(jīng)典句式過(guò)關(guān)練(i)1.therestood2.Itwasatteno’clocktodaythat3.Lookingaround4.itwasridiculousthat(ii)1.tearsofguiltfloweddownhercheeks2.declaredmetobethewinneroftheEnglishSpeechContest3.urgethattheirchildrenshouldtakeadvantageoftheopportunity4.AftertakingoverthefirmfromhisfatherPartTwo核心考點(diǎn)基礎(chǔ)練I.詞形變化練1.randomly2.explosion3.dismissing4.guilty;muddy5.division6.pacing7.weekly8.basisII.固定用法練1.off2.at3.with4.like5.that6.and;over7.that8.onPartThree高考題型強(qiáng)化練【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是說(shuō)明文，介紹了有關(guān)行走機(jī)器人的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)的內(nèi)容。1.D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“detailsitsfindingsintheFeb.17，2021issue”和第二段中的“‘Thisworkrepresentsafundamental...electronics-freewalkingrobots’”可知，研究小組發(fā)現(xiàn)了行走機(jī)器人的新技術(shù)，該技術(shù)代表了行走機(jī)器人邁向全自動(dòng)、無(wú)電子行走的重要一步。2.A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句中的“Applicationsincludelow-costrobotsforentertainment，suchastoys”可知，該技術(shù)可以用于低成本的娛樂(lè)機(jī)器人，如玩具等。據(jù)此可知，該技術(shù)可以用于玩具公司的產(chǎn)品。3.C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)尾段前兩句“Inthefuture...walkonnaturalfieldsandunevensurfaces...obstacles(障礙).”可知，研究人員希望將來(lái)改進(jìn)機(jī)器人的行走方式，以使其能夠在自然場(chǎng)地和凹凸不平的表面上行走，這會(huì)讓機(jī)器人翻越障礙物。據(jù)此可以推知，未來(lái)研究人員將改進(jìn)機(jī)器人以避免撞到障礙物。4.A。主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章第二段闡述了全文的主旨。結(jié)合下文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了行走機(jī)器人的新技術(shù)及其應(yīng)用?！菊Z(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是說(shuō)明文。能“感覺(jué)”痛的機(jī)器人依然離我們很遠(yuǎn)，但機(jī)器人觸摸傳感技術(shù)的進(jìn)步使這種可能性更接近于現(xiàn)實(shí)