8/9【名師點(diǎn)睛】usinglanguage要點(diǎn)詳解1．defendvt.保衛(wèi)；防護(hù)；辯護(hù)；辯解；守衛(wèi)，防御Thelawallowspeopletodefendthemselvesagainstacharge.(教材P28)這項(xiàng)法律允許人們?yōu)榉磳?duì)指控而維護(hù)自己的權(quán)利。Shehadtodefendherselfagainsttheguarddog.她不得不防備看門(mén)狗咬她。Theaccusedmanhadalawyertodefendhim.被告有一名律師為他辯護(hù)。defendsb./sth.from...保護(hù)……不受defendsb./sth.withsth.用……保護(hù)……defence＝defensen．防御，防衛(wèi)，防守；辯護(hù)indefenceof保護(hù)；為……辯護(hù)defend/protect/prevent/guarddefend指用武力或其他手段抵御任何危險(xiǎn)或攻擊；也可用于捍衛(wèi)。protect指采取保護(hù)措施，使之不受傷害或損傷，常用于防御風(fēng)雨、寒冷、烈日、疾病或保護(hù)經(jīng)濟(jì)法律權(quán)益等。prevent表示“防止，阻止”，不讓某事發(fā)生。guard守衛(wèi)、警衛(wèi)，強(qiáng)調(diào)看守某樣?xùn)|西或防備實(shí)際或潛在的危險(xiǎn)。Hemadealongspeechdefendinghisviewsfromobjection.他做了長(zhǎng)篇演講使自己的觀點(diǎn)不遭反對(duì)。Youneedwarmclothestoprotectyouagainstthecold.你需要穿暖些以免著涼。完成句子①To(抵抗)theattackoftheenemy,manysoldierswerekilled.②Thegovernmenthastakenmeasuresto(保護(hù)環(huán)境)frombeingpolluted.③Theheavyrain(阻止)usfromgoingtopark.④Inthosedaystheplace(有重兵把守)．【答案】①defendagainst②protecttheenvironment③prevented④washeavilyguarded2．referto查閱；提到；談到；打聽(tīng)；涉及Refertopages89～90tofindoutwhatinversionis.(教材P29)參考第89至90頁(yè)的內(nèi)容，找到“倒裝”是怎么樣的。Forinformationabouttrains，youmustrefertoatimetable.有關(guān)火車(chē)情況，你一定要查時(shí)刻表。Itissuggestedthatthehousingproblemreferredtobediscussedimmediately.有人建議被提到的住房問(wèn)題要立刻解決。refertosb./sth.as稱某人/某物為……refertosb.forinformation向某人打聽(tīng)消息refersb.tosth.讓……去查詢；提交……作決定reference說(shuō)到，提及，參考in/withreferenceto關(guān)于makereferenceto提及……forfuturereference以供將來(lái)參考Shemadenoreferencetoherillnessbutonlytoherfutureplans.她沒(méi)有提到她的病，只說(shuō)了她未來(lái)的計(jì)劃。Iwrotedownthenameofthehotelforfuturereference.我記下了這家酒店的名字，以后也許用得著。完成句子①我答應(yīng)過(guò)再也不提這事了。Ipromisednottothematteragain.②如果需要，你可以查閱筆記。Youmayifyouwant.【答案】①referto②refertoyournotesUsingLanguage1．a(chǎn)headof在……前面；超過(guò)；提前Weneeditinthiseditiontobeaheadoftheothernewspapers.(教材P30)我們這一版要用它，這樣我們就搶在其他報(bào)紙的前面了。HeisaheadofhisclassinEnglish.他的英語(yǔ)居全班第一。Wearewellaheadofyouinthatfield.我們?cè)谀莻€(gè)領(lǐng)域遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)領(lǐng)先于你們。aheadadj.在前的；向前的adv.在前；向前goahead繼續(xù)向前；說(shuō)吧；干吧；請(qǐng)吧aheadoftime提前aheadofschedule(比原計(jì)劃或規(guī)定時(shí)間)提前l(fā)ookahead向前看；為前途考慮getaheadof超過(guò)；勝過(guò)beaheadof在……之前；在……前方；提前；超過(guò)—MayIstartnow?我現(xiàn)在可以開(kāi)始了嗎？—Yes.goahead.可以，開(kāi)始吧。Ifyouwanttomoveaheadinyourjob，takeadvicefrommoreexperiencedworkers.你若想在工作中有所長(zhǎng)進(jìn)，應(yīng)求教于更富有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的工人。完成句子①盡管有暴風(fēng)雪，他們?nèi)岳^續(xù)向前挺進(jìn)。Despitethesnowstorm，theywentonmarching.②他靠多做家庭作業(yè)，很快在班上名列前茅。Bydoingextrahomework，hesoonhisclassmates.【答案】①ahead②gotaheadof2．a(chǎn)ccurateadj.精確的；正確的Hewouldhavetobeaccurate.(教材P30)他必須做到準(zhǔn)確無(wú)誤?！狪syourwatchaccurate？你的表準(zhǔn)嗎？—Isupposeit's10minutesslow.我想它慢了10分鐘。Journalistsarenotalwaysaccurateinwhattheywrite.新聞工作者的報(bào)道并非一貫正確。tobeaccurate確切地說(shuō)beaccuratein/at...在……方面正確accurate/correct/exactaccurate不僅表示沒(méi)有錯(cuò)誤，而且表示細(xì)心謹(jǐn)慎地做到符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、符合事實(shí)、無(wú)出入。correct意思是“正確的”，指按照一定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)或規(guī)則沒(méi)有錯(cuò)誤，意義在這三個(gè)詞中最弱。exact含義是“精確的、確切的”，強(qiáng)調(diào)完全符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，符合事實(shí)或真相，絲毫沒(méi)有差錯(cuò)。在這三個(gè)詞中，它的意義最強(qiáng)。Hegaveusacorrectanswer.他給了我們一個(gè)正確答案。Weneedtoknowtheexacttimetheincidentoccurred.我們需要了解事情發(fā)生的確切時(shí)間。選詞填空：exact，correct，accurate①Theyoungmanalwaysmakesdecisions.②Heisalwaysinwhathesaysanddoes.③It'sdifficultformetosayhisage.【答案】①correct②accurate③exact3．senioradj.年長(zhǎng)的；高年級(jí)的；高級(jí)的n.較年長(zhǎng)者；前輩；上司Thefirstpersonwhosawhisarticlewasasenioreditorfromhisdepartment.(教材P30)第一個(gè)看到這篇文章的人是他們部里的一位老編審。Hisfatherwasaseniorofficeratthebank.他父親曾是那家銀行的高級(jí)職員。besenior/juniorto比某人年長(zhǎng)/幼junior初級(jí)的；職位或地位較低的seniormiddle(high)school高級(jí)中學(xué)juniorhighschool初級(jí)中學(xué)Tomismyseniorbythreeyears.＝Tomisthreeyearsseniortome.＝Tomisthreeyearsmysenior.湯姆比我大三歲?！窘處焸湔n資源】我們學(xué)過(guò)的表示“比”的用to而不用than的句型還有：①bejuniortosb.比某人年齡小/職位低②besuperiortosb.比某人好/強(qiáng)③beinferiortosb.比某人差/完成句子①現(xiàn)在只有一位經(jīng)理地位比我高。Onlyonemanagerismenow.②她丈夫比她大三歲。Herhusbandisthreeyearstoher.【答案】①seniorto②senior4．a(chǎn)pprovevt.認(rèn)可；批準(zhǔn)vi贊成；同意Lastofall，thechiefeditorreaditandapprovedit.(教材P30)最后主篇審讀了這篇稿子，并且批準(zhǔn)發(fā)表了。I'mafraidyourparentswon'tapproveofyourgoingthere.我擔(dān)心你父母不會(huì)贊成你到那兒去。Thecommitteeunanimouslyapprovedtheplan.委員會(huì)一致通過(guò)了這個(gè)方案。①approveofsb.(sb.'s)doingsth.同意某人做某事②approvaln．贊成；同意；批準(zhǔn)；認(rèn)可giveone'sapprovalto批準(zhǔn)某人……h(huán)avesb.'sapproval得到某人的贊同withapprovalof經(jīng)……的批準(zhǔn)③approvern．承認(rèn)者；贊同者④disapprovevt.不贊成；不同意vi.不贊同；不喜歡(＋of)Herparentsdon'tapproveofherboyfriend.她父母不滿意她的男朋友。Iapproveofyourtryingtoearnsomemoney，butpleasedon'tneglectyourstudies.我同意你去掙一些錢(qián)，可是請(qǐng)不要忽視了你的學(xué)業(yè)。【提示】approve作“批準(zhǔn)”講時(shí)是及物動(dòng)詞，后面直接接賓語(yǔ)，而且賓語(yǔ)只能是“物”或“事”，而不是“人”。作“同意，贊成”講時(shí)是不及物動(dòng)詞，常與of連用。單句改錯(cuò)①I(mǎi)neverthoughtmotherwouldn'tapprovemydecision. .②Doyouexpectourplanwillbeapprovedofbythelocalgovernment？ .③Iwon'tapproveofyourleavehere..【答案】①approve后加of②去掉of③leave改為leaving完成句子④Youcanjointheclassifyourmother(同意)．⑤Idon't(贊成躺在床上吸煙)．【答案】④approves⑤approveofsmokinginbed5．processvt.加工(食品等)；用電腦處理(資料)；顯影或沖印(相機(jī)、膠卷)；列隊(duì)行進(jìn)n.[C]制法；程序；處置；過(guò)程；經(jīng)過(guò)Alltheinformationwasthenreadytobeprocessedintofilmnegatives.(教材P30)所有的報(bào)道材料就要被制成膠片。Helearnedinthefactorythatbuildingacarisalongprocess.他在工廠了解到制造一輛小汽車(chē)要用很長(zhǎng)的工序。Wearestillintheprocessofmovinghouse.我們依舊在搬家。processinto列隊(duì)進(jìn)入beinprocess在進(jìn)行中beintheprocessofdoingsth.在進(jìn)行……中；在做某事的過(guò)程中intheprocess同時(shí)；在……過(guò)程中inprocessoftime隨著時(shí)間的推移；逐漸地Manycountriesareintheprocessofbecomingmoredemocratic.許多國(guó)家都處在推進(jìn)民主的過(guò)程中。完成句子①我認(rèn)為任何改革都是個(gè)緩慢的過(guò)程。Ithinkanyreformwillbe.②我們必須立刻沖洗這些膠卷。Wemustatonce.③隨著時(shí)間的推移，這條公路就要竣工了。，theroadwillbecompleted.【答案】①aslowprocess②processthefilms③Inprocessoftime6．a(chǎn)ppointmentn．約會(huì)；任命；預(yù)約；委任；職務(wù)；職位Practiseinpairsmakingappointments.(教材P31)兩人一組練習(xí)約會(huì)。Theappointmentofanewmayorwasreportedinthenewspaper.報(bào)上報(bào)道了任命一位新市長(zhǎng)的消息。Hisunclewasgivenanappointmentatthelocalschool