ICS03.020；35.020；03.080.01

CCSA90；L70；A20

中華人民共和國(guó)國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

GB/T45747—2025

老齡化社會(huì)老年人包容性數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)

通用要求與指南

Ageingsocieties—Generalrequirementsandguidelinesforolder

person?inclusivedigitaleconomy

2025?05?30發(fā)布2025?05?30實(shí)施

國(guó)家市場(chǎng)監(jiān)督管理總局

國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化管理委員會(huì)發(fā)布

GB/T45747—2025

目次

前言··························································································································Ⅲ

引言··························································································································Ⅳ

1范圍·······················································································································1

2規(guī)范性引用文件········································································································1

3術(shù)語(yǔ)和定義··············································································································1

4基本準(zhǔn)則·················································································································3

4.1消除年齡歧視·····································································································3

4.2可達(dá)性··············································································································4

4.3可用性··············································································································5

4.4可獲得性···········································································································7

4.5可負(fù)擔(dān)性···········································································································7

4.6安全性··············································································································8

4.7隱私性··············································································································9

5核心要素·················································································································9

5.1數(shù)字基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施·····································································································9

5.2智能產(chǎn)品··········································································································10

5.3數(shù)字服務(wù)··········································································································12

5.4數(shù)字環(huán)境··········································································································13

5.5數(shù)字素養(yǎng)··········································································································14

6高頻場(chǎng)景···············································································································15

6.1購(gòu)物場(chǎng)景··········································································································15

6.2銀行場(chǎng)景··········································································································18

6.3醫(yī)療場(chǎng)景··········································································································19

6.4娛樂(lè)場(chǎng)景··········································································································19

6.5社交場(chǎng)景··········································································································21

6.6出行場(chǎng)景··········································································································22

6.7社區(qū)場(chǎng)景··········································································································23

6.8家庭場(chǎng)景··········································································································24

6.9工作場(chǎng)景··········································································································25

6.10學(xué)習(xí)場(chǎng)景········································································································26

7實(shí)施行動(dòng)···············································································································27

7.1概述················································································································27

7.2建議················································································································27

參考文獻(xiàn)····················································································································29

Ⅰ

GB/T45747—2025

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化工作導(dǎo)則第1部分：標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化文件的結(jié)構(gòu)和起草規(guī)則》的規(guī)

定起草。

請(qǐng)注意本文件的某些內(nèi)容可能涉及專(zhuān)利。本文件的發(fā)布機(jī)構(gòu)不承擔(dān)識(shí)別專(zhuān)利的責(zé)任。

本文件由全國(guó)服務(wù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化技術(shù)委員會(huì)（SAC/TC264）提出并歸口。

本文件起草單位：中國(guó)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化研究院、中國(guó)電子工程設(shè)計(jì)院股份有限公司、之江實(shí)驗(yàn)室、長(zhǎng)三角一

體化示范區(qū)（江蘇）中電院數(shù)字健康檢驗(yàn)認(rèn)證有限公司、上海交通大學(xué)、中國(guó)人民解放軍總醫(yī)院第二醫(yī)

學(xué)中心、中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)銀行股份有限公司、中國(guó)康復(fù)研究中心、中國(guó)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化協(xié)會(huì)、北京協(xié)和醫(yī)學(xué)院、漁水源

（上海）信息科技有限公司、網(wǎng)易（杭州）網(wǎng)絡(luò)有限公司。

本文件主要起草人：侯非、曹俐莉、王琦、韓涵、楊嘉帆、崔艷、鄭娟?duì)?、王娜娜、杜佳怡、劉結(jié)群、戴力農(nóng)、

宋東瑾、付強(qiáng)、陳萌、李寬、王剛石、李建軍、劉遠(yuǎn)立、靳宗振、馮書(shū)嬌、劉彥林、李斌、王鈺琬、姜磊、李慧杰、

張洋、李昕玥、陳怡晨。

Ⅲ

GB/T45747—2025

引言

0.1概述

以快速技術(shù)創(chuàng)新和指數(shù)級(jí)增長(zhǎng)為特征的第四次工業(yè)革命引發(fā)了諸多方面的社會(huì)變革，改變了人們

的生活方式、工作模式和人際關(guān)系。數(shù)字技術(shù)不僅能幫助人們學(xué)習(xí)新技能、促進(jìn)社交互動(dòng)、培養(yǎng)獨(dú)立自

主的生活方式，亦能提升公共服務(wù)水平，增進(jìn)社會(huì)福祉。

然而這并不意味著所有事物均需要被數(shù)字化，更不代表所有人都必需時(shí)刻保持與數(shù)字世界的聯(lián)

系。數(shù)字技術(shù)對(duì)于社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的影響并不總是正面的、包容的。實(shí)際上數(shù)字技術(shù)既可能帶來(lái)機(jī)遇，亦可

能加劇不平等，因而并非每個(gè)人都能從數(shù)字化轉(zhuǎn)型中平等獲益。

伴隨數(shù)字產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)的快速涌現(xiàn)，便捷豐富的在線資源已成為當(dāng)今時(shí)代的鮮明印記。在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時(shí)

代，老齡化社會(huì)中的一些社會(huì)成員——包括老年人在內(nèi)——更有可能遭遇數(shù)字鴻溝，難以平等獲取數(shù)

字產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)。數(shù)字鴻溝阻礙著積極老齡化和健康老齡化進(jìn)程，對(duì)老年人參與社會(huì)交往、從事經(jīng)濟(jì)活

動(dòng)和享受社會(huì)福利造成了負(fù)面影響。

因此，彌合數(shù)字鴻溝不僅依賴(lài)于提供易獲取的數(shù)字技術(shù)、提高社會(huì)成員的數(shù)字素養(yǎng)，還需要確保數(shù)

字產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)的包容性，創(chuàng)造安全、體面、無(wú)年齡歧視、尊重人口多樣性的數(shù)字環(huán)境。

建立老年人包容性數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)迫在眉睫、時(shí)不我待。本文件旨在回應(yīng)上述背景和形勢(shì)，從老齡化社

會(huì)的現(xiàn)實(shí)需求出發(fā)，為打造老年人包容性數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)提出要求和建議。

0.2老齡化社會(huì)的數(shù)字化機(jī)遇

數(shù)字技術(shù)為老齡化社會(huì)帶來(lái)了新的發(fā)展機(jī)遇和解決方案，包括：

——維持社交聯(lián)系，特別是與家庭成員的聯(lián)系；

——接入數(shù)字社群，及時(shí)獲取最新信息；

——利用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)和移動(dòng)設(shè)備在線工作；

——通過(guò)數(shù)字渠道在線求職；

——參與在線學(xué)習(xí)；

——享受數(shù)字服務(wù)；

示例1：在線購(gòu)物、智慧出行。

——依托互聯(lián)網(wǎng)增進(jìn)個(gè)人健康；

示例2：在線讀取個(gè)人健康檔案、接受在線診斷和治療。

——使用智能安全設(shè)施設(shè)備。

示例3：使用智能設(shè)備發(fā)送緊急求助信號(hào)。

0.3包容性數(shù)字技術(shù)如何為老齡化社會(huì)賦能

包容性數(shù)字技術(shù)能夠?yàn)槔淆g化社會(huì)提供多方面支持，包括如下方面。

——視力支持：對(duì)于部分老年人及其他社會(huì)成員而言，閱讀、識(shí)別小字體可能存在困難，使用可縮

放的電子文本、具有兼容性的屏幕放大器和閱讀器，有助于緩解視力障礙。

——聽(tīng)力支持：對(duì)于聽(tīng)力下降的人們，可提供多種交流模式，例如用本文對(duì)話(huà)框、消息框代替語(yǔ)音

服務(wù)，亦可提供與助聽(tīng)設(shè)備兼容的數(shù)字服務(wù)。

——言語(yǔ)支持：對(duì)于具有語(yǔ)言障礙、語(yǔ)言能力下降、僅使用方言或帶有口音的人們，數(shù)字技術(shù)可提

供語(yǔ)音識(shí)別、合成、轉(zhuǎn)換（語(yǔ)音轉(zhuǎn)文本、文本轉(zhuǎn)語(yǔ)音）等多樣化選項(xiàng)。

Ⅳ

GB/T45747—2025

——運(yùn)動(dòng)功能支持：無(wú)障礙信息通信技術(shù)可幫助運(yùn)動(dòng)能力下降的人們與數(shù)字產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)輕松互

動(dòng)，例如擴(kuò)大操作界面上的點(diǎn)擊區(qū)域，靈活性有限、難以做出精細(xì)動(dòng)作的人亦能自如操作。

——認(rèn)知能力支持：認(rèn)知能力下降的人們可能難以識(shí)別或訪問(wèn)鏈接，或者無(wú)法找到所需信息。在

設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)施數(shù)字活動(dòng)時(shí)，考慮認(rèn)知障礙問(wèn)題并提供解決方案，例如配備提醒功能，將有助于人們

理解和接入數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)。

——社會(huì)交往支持：減少社會(huì)交往可能導(dǎo)致孤獨(dú)甚至抑郁，借助無(wú)障礙信息通信技術(shù)可實(shí)現(xiàn)同伴

活動(dòng)和信息分享，促進(jìn)社會(huì)活動(dòng)、增加社會(huì)交往。

——身心活力支持：部分老年人及其他社會(huì)成員可能會(huì)逐漸喪失身心活力。數(shù)字健康應(yīng)用程序、

遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療有助于保持健康體魄，并監(jiān)測(cè)身心狀態(tài)和幸福指數(shù)。

注1：更多信息見(jiàn)國(guó)際電信聯(lián)盟（ITU）《數(shù)字世界中的老齡化從脆弱到珍貴》。

老齡化的程度和表現(xiàn)因人而異——伴隨年齡增長(zhǎng)，人們?cè)讵?dú)立生活、協(xié)助需求、活動(dòng)功能等方面差

異漸長(zhǎng)——同樣年齡的老年人，可能是能力完好的老年人，亦可能是能力輕度受損、中度受損、重度受

損的老年人，或者完全喪失能力的老年人。

注2：老年人能力分類(lèi)見(jiàn)GB/T42195—2022。

0.4本文件的目標(biāo)

本文件旨在提高數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)的包容性、適用性和可信度，減少年齡歧視，保護(hù)數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)用戶(hù)。本文件

特別強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)于老年人的包容性，但并不意味著不關(guān)注數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)于其他社會(huì)成員的包容性。

0.5本文件與ISO文件的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系

本文件與ISO25556同步制定，具有對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系。

Ⅴ

GB/T45747—2025

老齡化社會(huì)老年人包容性數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)

通用要求與指南

1范圍

本文件規(guī)定了老年人包容性數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)的基本準(zhǔn)則、核心要素，描述了老年人包容性數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)的高

頻場(chǎng)景、實(shí)施行動(dòng)。

本文件適用于數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)政策制定方、管理方、運(yùn)營(yíng)方及其他利益相關(guān)方對(duì)老年人包容性數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)

的設(shè)計(jì)、運(yùn)營(yíng)、管理、評(píng)價(jià)。

2規(guī)范性引用文件

本文件沒(méi)有規(guī)范性引用文件。

3術(shù)語(yǔ)和定義

下列術(shù)語(yǔ)和定義適用于本文件。

3.1

老齡化ageing

個(gè)人特征伴隨時(shí)間的自然演變。

注1：在不同年齡階段，老齡化的影響不盡相同。

注2：“老齡化”概念豐富、內(nèi)涵廣泛，可能包括年齡、生理、心理、認(rèn)