NEWCOLLEGEENGLISHNEWCOLLEGEENGLISH第四版新編大學英語綜合教程3Reading2GetreadytoreadTextexploration目錄ReadandpracticecontentsReadandtranslateReadandthink新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2GetreadytoreadTextexploration目錄ReadandpracticecontentsReadandtranslateReadandthink新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4Reading2GetreadytoreadTextexploration目錄ReadandpracticecontentsReadandtranslateReadandthink新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2GetreadytoreadTextexploration目錄ReadandpracticecontentsReadandtranslateReadandthink新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4Reading2GetreadytoreadWatchforinformationInthisvideoclip,youaregoingtolearnaboutthethreathumanbeingsfaceandwhatweneedtodoifwearetosurviveasaspecies.Watchthevideoclipandcompletetheoutline.新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2GetreadytoreadTostayontheEarthrisksannihilationsincewearefacedwithallmannerofthreat.ProblemSolutionForhumanstosurvive,wemust1)colonizeanotherhabitableplanetwhichshouldhavethefollowingfeatures:·Itisa2)rockyplanet;·Itisaboutthesame3)sizeanddensityasReading2GetreadytoreadTostayontheEarthrisksannihilationsincewearefacedwithallmannerofthreat.ProblemSolutionForhumanstosurvive,wemust1)colonizeanotherhabitableplanetwhichshouldhavethefollowingfeatures:·Itisa2)rockyplanet;·Itisaboutthesame3)sizeanddensityastheEarth;·Thereis4)liquidwateratthesurface.新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4Reading2GetreadytoreadSuggestionProximabcouldbesuitableforcolonizationbecauseithasalmostalltheessentialfeaturesofahabitableplanet.DifficultyItwouldtakeatleast5)thousandsofyearstogetthere,evenwiththefastestrocketswehavetoday.ProspectWithcutting-edge6)technologies,wemightReading2GetreadytoreadSuggestionProximabcouldbesuitableforcolonizationbecauseithasalmostalltheessentialfeaturesofahabitableplanet.DifficultyItwouldtakeatleast5)thousandsofyearstogetthere,evenwiththefastestrocketswehavetoday.ProspectWithcutting-edge6)technologies,wemighteventuallyfindwaysofgettingtherefaster.新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4Reading2GetreadytoreadWatchanddiscussWorkingroupsanddiscussthequestions.1.StephenHawkingsaysthatifhumanityfailstocolonizespace,wecouldfaceextinction.Couldyougiveonespecificexampletoillustratethethreattohumanexistence?2.Doyouthinkthathumansshouldattempttocolonizespace?新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2GetreadytoreadSampleanswers:1.Ithinkglobalwarmingisonepotentialthreattohumanexistence.GlobalwarmingreferstothegradualheatingofEarth'ssurface,oceansandatmosphere.Globalwarmingisexpectedtohavefar-reaching,long-lastingand,inmanycases,devastatingconsequencesforhumanbeings.Forexample,itcouldleadtoanincreaseinthefrequencyandseverityofsomeextremeweathereventssuchasheatwaves,droughts,blizzards,andrainstorms.Itcouldalsoleadtoariseinsealevels.AccordingtotheWorldMeteorologicalOrganization,sealevelhasrisenbyaround15centimetersduringthe20thcentury.Inaddition,theeffectsofglobalwarmingontheEarth'secosystemsareexpectedtobeprofoundandwidespread.Manyspeciesofplantsandanimalsarealreadymovingnorthwardasaresultofwarmingtemperatures.新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2GetreadytoreadWarmertemperatureswillalsoexpandtherangeofmanydisease-causingpathogensthatwereonceconfinedtotropicalandsubtropicalareas,killingoffplantandanimalspeciesthatformerlywereprotectedfromthediseases.Theseandothereffectsofglobalwarming,ifleftunchecked,willlikelyconstituteahugethreattohumanbeingsinthefuture.新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2Getreadytoread2.·Yes,Ithinkthathumansshouldattempttocolonizespace.Theprimaryreasonforspacecolonizationisthelong-termsurvivalofhumancivilizationandterrestriallife.BydevelopingalternativehabitationofftheEarth,theplanet'sspecies,includinghumans,couldsurviveintheeventofnaturalorhuman-madedisastersonourownplanet.Inotherwords,weneeda“backupplanet,”shouldsomethingcatastrophic——likeanasteroidcollision——destroytheEarth.Besides,resourcesinspaceareenormous.Theheavenlybodiesinspaceofferavirtuallyendlesssupplyofresources.HarnessingtheseresourcescanleadtosustainableeconomicdevelopmentandhelpalleviatethenegativeeffectsofoverpopulationhereonEarth.新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2Getreadytoread·Ithinkwehumansshouldthinktwiceaboutcolonizingspace.TocolonizeanotherplanetasanescapefromtheproblemswehavecreatedhereonEarthlooksverymuchlikea“disposableEarth”mentality——we'vemessedupthisplanet,sowemoveontothenext.ItispossiblethathumanitymightneedtoescapetheEarthtosurvive,sincesomescientistsdiscoveredthattheSunwillmaketheplanetuninhabitableinaboutonebillionyears.ButourtoppriorityfornowshouldbefixingproblemsonEarth.Weshoulddirectallourresourcestowardourownplanet.Thevastresourcesneededtocolonizespacecould,forexample,bebetterspentoninvestinginrenewableformsofenergytoaddressclimatechangeorstrengtheningourplanetarydefensesagainstasteroidcollisions.新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2GetreadytoreadTextexploration目錄ReadandpracticecontentsReadandtranslateReadandthink新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2GetreadytoreadTextexploration目錄ReadandpracticecontentsReadandtranslateReadandthink新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4Reading2BackgroundinformationPre-readingquestionsTextexplorationStructureTextreadingVocabulary新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2BackgroundinformationPre-readingquestionsTextexplorationStructureTextreadingVocabulary新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4Reading2BackgroundinformationPre-readingquestionsTextexplorationStructureTextreadingVocabulary新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2BackgroundinformationPre-readingquestionsTextexplorationStructureTextreadingVocabulary新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4Reading2TextexplorationBackgroundinformationFromtheancientGreekphilosopherswhotheorisedaboutittomodern-dayastrobiologists(天體生物學家)usingrobust(強大的)scientifictechniquestoanswerit,thequestionofwhetherlifeexistsbeyondEarthhascapturedthehumanimaginationforcenturies.Whilenoclearsignsoflifehaveeverbeendetectedsofar,thepossibilityofextraterrestrialbiology(外星生物)——thescientificlogicthatsupportsit——hasgrownincreasinglyplausible.新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2BackgroundinformationPre-readingquestionsTextexplorationStructureTextreadingVocabulary新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2BackgroundinformationPre-readingquestionsTextexplorationStructureTextreadingVocabulary新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4Reading2TextexplorationPre-readingquestions1.Doyoubelievethereareintelligentlife-formsonotherplanets?2.Iftherewereintelligentlife-formsonotherplanets,doyouthinkthathumanbeingshouldcontactthem?新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2TextexplorationSampleanswers:1.Yes,Ibelieveit.Themoreexpertwebecomeinobservingandcalculatingtheouterreachesofthecosmos(宇宙),andthemoreweunderstandabouthowmanygalaxies,starsandexoplanetsexist,thegreaterthepossibilityoftherebeingintelligentlife-formsononeofthoseplanets.新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2Textexploration2.Ithinkit'sdangeroustodothatbecauseyoudon'tknowwho'soutthere.Assumingaliensarenotpeaceabletravelers,theirresponsetoanycommunicationcouldbehostile.IthinkthatsendingpowerfulsignalsintotheuniversewouldmakeEarthmoreobservablefromspace.Andthismayputourplanetinadangeroussituation.Weshouldthinktwice!新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2BackgroundinformationPre-readingquestionsTextexplorationStructureTextreadingVocabulary新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2BackgroundinformationPre-readingquestionsTextexplorationStructureTextreadingVocabulary新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4Reading2TextexplorationGlobalunderstandingReadthepassageandmatcheachpartwithitscorrespondingmainidea.Para.1CA.Itisnecessarytolookforobservationalsignalsinoursearchforlifeonexo-planets.Para.2AB.ItisnotwisetosolelylookforworldsthataresimilartoEarth.Paras.3-4EC.HumanshavebeenstrivingtofindlifeinanotherworldthatissimilartoEarth.Paras.5-12BD.Therearemanydifferentwaystoexamineaplanetforhintsoflife.Para.13DE.Earthhastherightconditionsforlifetoemergeandevolve.Paras.14-15FF.Weshouldnotbiasourfindingsbeforewe'veevenstartedlookingforlifeintheuniverse.新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2TextexplorationPara.1CA.Itisnecessarytolookforobservationalsignalsinoursearchforlifeonexo-planets.Para.2AB.ItisnotwisetosolelylookforworldsthataresimilartoEarth.Paras.3-4EC.HumanshavebeenstrivingtofindlifeinanotherworldthatissimilartoEarth.Paras.5-12BD.Therearemanydifferentwaystoexamineaplanetforhintsoflife.Para.13DE.Earthhastherightconditionsforlifetoemergeandevolve.Paras.14-15FF.Weshouldnotbiasourfindingsbeforewe'veevenstartedlookingforlifeintheuniverse.新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2TextexplorationDetailedunderstandingReadthepassageagainanddecidewhetherthestatementsarefacts(F)ortheauthor'sopinions(O).F1.EarthhastherightchemicalcompositionandisattherightdistancefromtheSuntosupportlife.O2.LookingsolelyforanEarth-likeplanetisnotthebestwaytosearchforlifeintheuniverse.F3.Notallofourcommonbeliefsaboutrequirementsforlifearecorrect.F4.Thediscoveryoflifearoundhydrothermalventsshowsthatitispossibletohavelifewithoutsunlight.O5.TheconditionsofEarthmightnotbetheonesmostfavorablefortheemergenceoflife.新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2BackgroundinformationPre-readingquestionsTextexplorationStructureTextreadingVocabulary新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2BackgroundinformationPre-readingquestionsTextexplorationStructureTextreadingVocabulary新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4Reading2TextexplorationIsalienlifehidingbeyondEarth2.0?IsalienlifehidingbeyondEarth2.0?新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2Textexploration1.Whenwethinkaboutlifeoutthereintheuniverse,farbeyondthelimitsofEarth,wecan'thelpbutlooktoourownplanetasaguide.Earthhasanumberoffeaturesthatwethinkareextremelyimportant——perhapsevenessential——forenablinglifetoariseandthrive.Forgenerations,humanshavedreamedoflifebeyondEarth,strivingtofindanotherworldsimilartoourownbutwithitsownuniquesuccessstory:ourownEarth2.0.新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2TextexplorationTextreading-Keysentences1.Earthhasanumberoffeaturesthatwethinkareextremelyimportant——perhapsevenessential——forenablinglifetoariseandthrive.(Para.1)?Paraphrase:Inourview,anumberoffeaturesoftheEarthareextremelyimportant,evenessential,forthebirthandreproductionoflife.?Translation:在我們看來，地球的不少特征對于生命的誕生與繁衍極其重要，甚至是必不可少的。新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2Textexploration?Sentenceanalysis:Theunderlinedpartintheabovesentenceisaparenthesis,whichisaword,phrase,orclauseinsertedintoasentencetoaddextra,subordinate,orclarifyinginformation.Whenaparenthesisisremoved,thesentenceisstillgrammaticallycomplete.Aparenthesiscanbeseparatedfromtherestofthesentencebycommas,dashes,orbrackets.Commasaremoreformalthandashesorbrackets.Theyarealsolessintrusive.Theykeepthefocusonthesurroundingtext.Ascommasplayotherrolesinsentences,readerscansometimesbecomeconfusedoverwhereaparenthesisstartsandends.Ifaparenthesisitselfcontainsacommaorcommas,itisadvisablenottousecommastoseparateaparenthesis.新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2TextexplorationBothdashesandbracketsmaketheparenthesisstandoutandincreasethefocusontheparenthesis.Dashesarelessformalthancommasorbrackets.e.g.1)Mathematics,rightlyviewed,possessesnotonlytruthbutsupremebeauty.2)Myfamilyisgettinganewdogfromtheshelter(wearegoingtonamehimBarney).3)Theyroastedthewinningbrisket——thesizeofpillow——inamightyclayoven.新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2TextexplorationFindmoresentencesinvolvingparenthesesinthetext.1.Whenwethinkaboutitintheseterms,lookingforaworldjustlikeEarth——aproverbial“Earth2.0”——seemslikeaneasydecision.(Para.4)2.Theuniverseisfullofsurprises,andifwedon'tgiveourselvestheopportunitytoallowtheuniversitytosurpriseus,we'regoingtodrawbiased——andtherefore,fundamentallyunscientificconclusions.(Para.6)3.Whilewehaveeveryreasontobelievethatlifemightbeubiquitous——oratleasthaveachance——onworldsthatareverysimilartoEarth,it'salsoveryplausiblethatlifemaybemoreplentifulonworldsthataren'tlikeourown.(Para.8)新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2Textexploration4.Perhapsradioisotopedecay,geothermalsources,orevenchemicalsourcesofenergycouldprovidelifewiththeexternalsourceitneeds;perhapsrogueplanets——withoutparentstarsatall——mightbehometoalienlife.(Para.11)5.Wemustbecareful,asscientists,nottobiasourfindingsbeforewe'veeventrulystartedlooking.(Para.15)新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2Textexploration2.However,justbecauselifesucceededhereonEarthdoesn'tnecessarilymeanthatlifeislikelytosucceedonEarth-likeworlds,onlythatit'spossible.Similarly,justbecauselifehasn'tbeenfoundonnon-Earth-likeworldsdoesn'tmeanthatitisn'tpossible.Infact,it'squitepossiblethatthemostcommonformsoflifeinthegalaxyareverydifferentfromterrestriallifeforms,andoccurmorefrequentlyonworldsdifferentthanourown.Theonlywaytoknowistolook,andthatnecessitateslookingforobservationalsignalsthatmightcauseustorethinkourplaceintheuniverse.新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2TextexplorationTextreading-Keysentences2.Theonlywaytoknowistolook,andthatnecessitateslookingforobservationalsignalsthatmightcauseustorethinkourplaceintheuniverse.(Para.2)?Paraphrase:Theonlywaytolearnthetruthistolookforit,andthatrequireslookingforobservationalsignalsthatmaymakeusreconsiderourplaceinthecosmos.?Translation:了解真相的唯一辦法就是尋找，這就需要尋找一些觀測信號，它們可能會讓我們重新思考我們在宇宙中的位置。新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2Textexploration?Wordbuilding:necessitate:vt.(fml.)makeitnecessaryforyoutodosth.使成為必需;需要e.g.Saleshavedroppeddramatically,necessitatingbigcutsinproductionandemployment.necessity:n.1)[U]thefactthatsth.musthappenorbedone;theneedforsth.必然;必要；需要e.g.Thefirststepistounderstandthenecessityandscopeofthechoicethathastobemade.2)[C]athingthatyoumusthaveandcannotmanagewithout必需的事物；必需品e.g.Forseveralyears,thefamilywasforcedtomakedowithjustthebarenecessities.新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2Textexplorationnecessarya.必要的necessarilyad.必定,必然necessitatevt.使成為必需necessityn.必要性;必需品?Phrases:ofnecessity必然地;不可避免地outofnecessity出于需要,必定bynecessity不得已;必然地,不可避免地logicalnecessity必然性,邏輯的必然性新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2Textexploration?Practice:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglishusing“necessary”,“necessarily”,“necessitate”,or“necessity”.Changetheformifnecessary.①如有必要，我們將考慮采取法律行動。Ifnecessary,wewillconsiderlegalaction.②一場持續(xù)的干旱使定量供水的引進成為必需。Aprolongeddroughthadnecessitatedtheintroductionofwaterrationing.③我們在討論是否需要雇用更多員工。Wearediscussingthenecessityofemployingmorestaff.④生氣未必是對待此類事件最有用或最適合的反應。Angerisnotnecessarilythemostusefuloracceptablereactiontosuchevents.新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2Textexploration3.Wehavetherightmixoflightandheavyelementstohavearockyplanetwithathin-but-substantialatmosphereandtherawingredientsforlife.Weorbitastarattherightdistanceforliquidwateronoursurface,withourplanetpossessingbothoceansandcontinents.OurSunislong-enoughlivedandlow-enoughinmassthatlifecanevolvetobecomecomplex,differentiated,andpossiblyintelligent,buthigh-enoughinmassthatflaresaren'tsonumerousthatthey’dstripouratmosphereaway.新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2TextexplorationTextreading-Keysentences3.OurSunislong-enoughlivedandlow-enoughinmassthatlifecanevolvetobecomecomplex,differentiated,andpossiblyintelligent,buthigh-enoughinmassthatflaresaren'tsonumerousthatthey'dstripouratmosphereaway.(Para.3)?Paraphrase:OurSunhasalongenoughhistoryandasmallenoughmasssothatlifeinthegalaxycanevolveintocomplex,diverselifeformsandpossiblyintelligentlife,andtheSunmustbemassiveenoughsothatthenumberofflaresisnotsogreatastostripawayouratmosphere.?Translation:我們的太陽壽命足夠長，并且質(zhì)量足夠小，這樣生命才能進化成復雜的、差異化的生命，以及可能的智慧生命，而太陽的質(zhì)量又足夠大，這樣耀斑的數(shù)量就不會多到把我們的大氣層剝離掉。新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2Textexploration·Sentencestructure:Inthissentencethewriterusesmultipleparallelphrases,suchas“l(fā)ow-enoughinmass”and“high-enoughinmass”,whicharecalled“antithesis”.Antithesishelpsreadersdefineconceptsthroughcontrastandthereforedevelopanbetterunderstandingoftheobject.Inaddition,throughtheuseofparallelism,antithesisestablishesarepetitivestructureforrhythmicwritingandlyricalspeech.e.g.1)Spicyfoodisheavenonthetonguebuthellinthetummy.2)Ifyoufailtoplan,thenyouplantofail.3)Theworldwilllittlenote,norlongrememberwhatwesayhere,butitcanneverforgetwhattheydidhere.新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2Textexploration·Practice:①有其父，必有其子。Likefather,likeson.②做最好的期望，做最壞的準備。Hopeforthebest;preparefortheworst.③少說，多看。Keepyourmouthclosedandyoureyesopen.新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2Textexploration·Wordbuilding:mass:n.1)[U]thequantityofmaterialthatsth.contains質(zhì)量e.g.TheSunmakesupmorethan99percentofthemassofoursolarsystem.2)[C]alargeamountofasubstancethatdoesnothaveadefiniteshapeorform團;塊;堆e.g.Whentheoldmanlookedup,hesawaheavymassofcloudcreepingacrossthesky.3)[C,usu.sing.]alargeamountorquantityofsth.大量;許多e.g.MyfriendsandIstruggledthroughthemassofpeopletotheexitoftheamusementpark.新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2Textexplorationa.(onlybeforenoun)affectingorinvolvingalargenumberofpeopleorthings大批的；數(shù)量極多的；廣泛的e.g.Thecompanylaunchedanew,cheapermodelofitselectriccaraimedatthemassmarket.新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2Textexploration4.Ourplanetspinsonitsaxisbutisn'ttidallylocked,sothatwehavedaysandnightsthroughouttheyear.Wehavealargemoontostabilizeouraxialtilt.Wehavealargeworld(Jupiter)outsideofourfrostlinetoshieldtheinnerplanetsfromcatastrophicstrikes.Whenwethinkaboutitintheseterms,lookingforaworldjustlikeEarth——aproverbial“Earth2.0”——seemslikeaneasydecision.新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2Textexploration5.TherearelotsofreasonstobelievethataworldasEarth-likeaspossible,aroundastarasSun-likeaspossible,mightbethebestplacetolookforlifeelsewhereintheuniverse.Practicallynooneintheexo-planetorastrobiologycommunitiesthinksthatlookingforworldssimilartoaproverbial“Earth2.0”isabadidea.Butisitthesmartestcourseofactiontoinvesttheoverwhelmingmajorityofourresourcesinsolelylookingforandinvestigatingworldsthathavethesesimilaritiestoourown,life-richplanet?新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2TextexplorationTextreading-Keysentences4.Butisitthesmartestcourseofactiontoinvesttheoverwhelmingmajorityofourresourcesinsolelylookingforandinvestigatingworldsthathavethesesimilaritiestoourown,life-richplanet?(Para.5)?Paraphrase:Butisitwisesttoinvestthevastmajorityofourresourcessimplytofindandexploreplanetsthatbearthesesimilaritiestoourownlife-richEarth??Translation:但是，投入我們絕大部分的資源，僅僅只是為了尋找和探索與我們自己這個擁有豐富生命的地球有這些相似之處的星球，這是最明智的做法嗎?新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2Textexploration·Phrase:courseofaction:awayofactinginordealingwithaparticularsituation行動方式;處理方式e.g.Thisisaterriblyfrighteningcrisisthatdemandsadifferentcourseofaction.Ifweplaybytheoldrules,wearegoingtosufferterribly.新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2Textexploration·Wordbuilding:overwhelming:a.1)verylargeorgreater,moreimportant,etc.thananyother巨大的;壓倒性的e.g.Thereisoverwhelmingevidencethatsmokingdamagesyourhealth.2)havingsuchagreateffectonyouthatyoufeelconfusedanddonotknowhowtoreact難以抗拒的;令人不知所措的e.g.ThemomentwhenStephaniereadtheletterfromOscar,shehadanoverwhelmingurgetocallhimimmediately.?Practice:①絕大多數(shù)與會者都贊同這個計劃。Theoverwhelmingmajorityofthoseparticipantswereinfavoroftheplan.②他感到非常失落。Hefeltanoverwhelmingsenseofloss.新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2Textexploration6.Ifsciencehastaughtusanything,it'sthatweshouldn'tassumeweknowtheanswerbeforedoingthekeyexperimentsormakingthecriticalobservations.Theuniverseisfullofsurprises,andifwedon'tgiveourselvestheopportunitytoallowtheuniversetosurpriseus,we'regoingtodrawbiased——andtherefore,fundamentallyunscientific——conclusions.7.Someofourpreconceptionsabouthowlifeworkshavebeenprovedwrong.Forexample,weoncethoughtthatliferequiredsunlight.Butthediscoveryoflifearoundhydrothermalventsmanymilesbeneaththeocean'ssurfacetaughtusthatevenintheabsoluteabsenceofsunlight,lifecanfindaway.Weoncethoughtthatlifecouldn'tsurviveinanarsenic-richenvironment,asarsenicisaknownpoisontobiologicalsystems.Yetnotonlyhaverecentdiscoveriesshownthatlifeispossibleinarsenic-richlocations,butthatarseniccanevenbeusedinbiologicalprocesses.新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2Textexploration8.Whilewehaveeveryreasontobelievethatlifemightbeubiquitous——oratleasthaveachance——onworldsthatareverysimilartoEarth,it'salsoveryplausiblethatlifemaybemoreplentifulonworldsthataren'tlikeourown.9.Perhapsexo-moonsorbitinglargeplanetsareevenmoreconducivetolifeoriginatingthanaworldlikeEarthis.10.Perhapsliquidwaterontheplanetitselfisn'tarequirementforlife,asperhapstherightkindofcellwallormembranecanenablewatertoexistinanaqueousstate.新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2Textexploration11.Perhapsradioisotopedecay,geothermalsources,orevenchemicalsourcesofenergycouldprovidelifewiththeexternalsourceitneeds;perhapsrogueplanets——withoutparentstarsatall——mightbehometoalienlife.12.Perhapsevensuper-Earthsmightbepotentiallyhabitableundertherightcircumstances.13.Toexamineaplanetforhintsoflife,wecanapproachthispuzzlewithmanydifferentlinesofinquiry.Wecan:·waitforaplanetarytransit10andtrytoperformspectroscopyontheabsorbedlight,probingthecontentsofanexo-atmosphere;新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2Textexploration·tryandresolvetheworlditselfwithdirectimaging,lookingforseasonalvariationsandsignssuchastheperiodicgreeningoftheworld;·lookfornuclear,neutrino,ortechno-signaturesthatmightindicatethepresenceofaplanetbeingmanipulatedbyitsinhabitants,whethertheyareintelligentornot.14.Itmaybethecasethatlifeisrareintheuniverse,inwhichcaseitwillrequireustolookatalotofcandidateplanetsinordertorevealasuccessfuldetection.ButifwesearchexclusivelyforplanetsthathavesimilarpropertiestoEarth,andwerestrictourselvestolookingatparentstarsandsolarsystemsthataresimilartoourown,wearedoomedtogetabiasedrepresentationofwhat'soutthere.新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2TextexplorationTextreading-Keysentences5.Itmaybethecasethatlifeisrareintheuniverse,inwhichcaseitwillrequireustolookatalotofcandidateplanetsinordertorevealasuccessfuldetection.(Para.14)?Paraphrase:Lifemightberareintheuniverse.Ifthatisthecase,wewillhavetolookatalotofplanetswherelifeispossiblebeforewecansuccessfullyfindaplanetwherethereislife.?Translation:可能在宇宙中，生命非常稀少，那樣的話，我們就需要觀察許多候選行星才可能有一次成功的探測。新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2Textexploration15.Youmightthink,inthesearchforextraterrestriallife,thatmoreismore,andthatthebestwaytofindlifebeyondEarthistolookatgreaternumbersofcandidateplanetsthatmightbetheEarth2.0we'vebeendreamingofforsolong.Butnon-Earth-likeplanetscouldbehometolifethatwe'veneverconsidered,andwewon'tknowunlesswelook.Moreismore,but“different”isalsomore.Wemustbecareful,asscientists,nottobiasourfindingsbeforewe'veeventrulystartedlooking.新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2BackgroundinformationPre-readingquestionsTextexplorationStructureTextreadingVocabulary新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2BackgroundinformationPre-readingquestionsTextexplorationStructureTextreadingVocabulary新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4Reading2TextexplorationVocabulary1.galaxyn.[C]anyofthelargesystemsofstars,etc.inouterspace星系e.g.Observationsofdistantgalaxiesindicatethattheyaremovingawayfromus:Theuniverseisexpanding.新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2Textexploration2.terrestriala.connectedwiththeplanetEarth地球的;地球上的e.g.Technologygivesusimmensepowerovernature,andourdecisionswillaffectallterrestriallife.extraterrestriala.relatingtothingsthatexistoutsidetheEarth地球外的;宇宙的;外星的e.g.Overtheyears,we'vebeenconditionedtoacceptthepossibilityofextraterrestriallifethroughmoviesandreportsaboutalienencounters.新編大學英語(第四版)綜合教程Unit4

Reading2Textexploration3.observationala.relatingtothewatchingofsb./sth.inordertolearnnewthings觀察的；觀測的e.g.Wefilminanobservationalstyle,fol