英語閱讀理解匯總-獨家整理復習筆記知識點

Questions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Therearegoodreasonstobetroubledbytheviolencethatspreadsthroughoutthemedia.

Movies.Televisionandvideogamesarcfullofgunplayandbloodshed,andonemightreasonably

askwhafswrongwithasocietythatpresentsvideosofdomesticviolenceasentertainment.Most

researchersagreethatthecausesofreal-worldviolencearecomplex.A1993studybytheU.S.

NationalAcademyofScienceslisted^biological,individual,family,peer,school,andcommunity

factors''asallplayingtheirparts.

Viewingabnormallylargeamountsofviolenttelevisionandvideogamesmaywellcontribute

toviolentbehaviorincertainindividuals.

Thetroublecomeswhenresearchersdownplayuncertaintiesintheirstudiesoroverstatethe

caseforcausality(因果關系).Skepticsweredismayedseveralyearsagowhenagroupof

societiesincludingthe

AmericanMedicalAssociationtriedtoend(hedebatebyissuingajointstatement:"Aithis

time,wellover1,000studies...pointoverwhelminglytoacausalconnectionbetweenmedia

violenceandaggressivebehaviorinsomechildren.''

Freedom-of-speechadvocatesaccusedthesocietiesofcateringtopoliticians,andeven

disputedthenumberofstudies(mostwerereviewarticlesandessays,theysaid).WhenJonathan

Freedman,asocialpsychologistattheUniversityofToronto,reviewedtheliterature,hefound

only200orsostudiesoftelevision-watchingandaggression.Andwhenheweededout“themost

doubtfulmeasuresofaggression”,cniy28%supportedaconnection.

Thecriticalpointhereiscausality.Thealarmistssaytheyhaveprovedthatviolentmedia

causeaggression.Buttheassumptionsbehindtheirobservationsneedtobeexamined.When

labelinggamesasviolentornon-violent,shouldaheroeatingaghostreallybecountedasa

violentevent?Andwhenexperimentersrecordthetimeittakesgameplayerstoread'aggressive'

or'non-aggressive'wordsfromalist,canwebesurewhattheyareactuallymeasuring?Theintent

ofthenewHarvardCenteronMediaandChildHealthtocollectandstandardizestudiesofmedia

violenceinordertocomparetheirmethodologies,assumptionsandconclusionsisanimportant

stepintherightdirection.

Anotherappropriatesierwouldbetolonedownthecriticismuntilweknowmore.Several

researcherswrite,speakandtestifyquitealotonthethreatposedbyviolenceinthemedia.Thatis,

ofcourse,theirprivilege.Butwhendoingso,theyoftencomeoutwithstatementsthatthematter

hasnowbeensettled,drawingcriticismfromcolleagues.Inresponse,thealarmistsaccusecritics

andnewsreportersofbeingdeceivedbytheentertainmentindustry.Suchclasheshelpneither

sciencenorsociety.

21.Whyistheresomuchviolenceshowninmovies,TVandvideogames?

A)Thereisalolofviolencein(herealworldtoday.

B)Somethinghasgonewrongwithtoday'ssociety.

C)Manypeoplearefondofgunplayandbloodshed.

D)Showingviolenceisthoughttobeentertaining.

22.Whatistheskeptics(Line3.Para.3)viewofmediaviolence?

A)Violenceontelevisionisafairlyaccuratereflectionofreal-worldlife.

B)Moststudiesexaggeratetheeffectofmediaviolenceontheviewers.

C)Acausalrelationshipexistsbetweenmediaandreal-worldviolence.

D)Theinfluenceofmediaviolenceonchildrenhasbeenunderestimated.

23.Theauthorusestheterm“alarmists"(Line1.Para.5)torefertothosewho.

A)usestandardizedmeasurementsinthestudiesofmediaviolence

B)initiatedthedebateovertheinfluenceofviolentmediaonreality

C)assertadirectlinkbetweenviolentmediaandaggressivebehavior

D)useappropriatemethodologyinexaminingaggressivebehavior

24.Inrefutingihealarmists,theauthoradvanceshisargumentbyfirstchallenging.

A)thesourceandamountoftheirdata

B)thetargetsoftheirobservation

C)theirsystemofmeasurement

D)theirdefinitionofviolence

25.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthedebateconcerningtherelationshipbetweenthemediaand

violence?

A)Morestudiesshouldbeconductedbeforeconclusionsaredrawn.

B)Itshouldcometoanendsincethematterhasnowbeensettled.

C)Thepaststudiesinthisfieldhaveprovedtobemisleading.

D)Hemorethanagreeswiththeviewsheldbythealarmists.

PassageTwo

You'rein(roubleifyouhavetobuyyourownbrand-nameprescriptiondrugs.Overthepast

decade,pricesleapedbymorethandoubletheinflationrate.Treatmentsforchronicconditionscan

easilytop$2,000amonth-nowonderthatoneinfourAmericanscan'saffordtofilltheir

prescriptions.Thesolution?Aheartychorusof“OCanada/'Northoftheborder,whereprice

controlsreign,thosesamebrand-namedrugscost50%to80%less.

TheCanadianoptionisfastbecomingapoliticalwake-upcall,“Ifourneighborscanbuy

drugsatreasonableprices,whycan'twc?"Eventowhisperthatthoughtprovokesanger.

“Un-American!”And-thepropagandists'trumpcard(王牌)一"Wreckourbrillianthealth-care

system.”Super-sizedrugprices,theyclaim,fundtheresearchthatsparksthenextgenerationof

wonderdrugs.Nosky-highdrugpricetoday,nocureforcancertomorrow.Soshutupandpayup.

Commonsensetellsyouthat'safalsealternative.Therewardfbrfinding.Say,acancercureisso

huge(hatnoone'sgoingtohangitup.Nevertheless,ifCanada-levelpricingcame(otheUnited

States,theindustry'sprofitmarginswoulddropandthepaceofnew-drugdevelopmentwould

slow.HereliestheAmericandilemma.Whoisallthissplendidmedicinefor?Shouldour

health-caresystemconlinueitsdrivetowardthebestofthebest,eventhoughrisingnumbersof

patientscan'taffordit?Orshouldwcdirectourwealthtowardlettingeveryoneinontoday'slevel

ofcare?Measuredbysavedlives,thelatterisalmostcertainlythebettercourse.

Todefendtheirprofits,thedrugcompanieshavewarnedCanadianwholesalersand

pharmacies(藥房)nottoselltoAmericansbymail,andarecuttingbacksuppliestothosewho

dare.

Meanwhile,theadministrationisplayingthefearcard.OfficialsfromtheFoodandDrug

AdministrationwillarguethatCanadiandrugsmightbefake,mishandled,orevenapotential

threattolife.

DobaddrugsflyaroundtheInternet?Sure-andthemorewelook,themorewe*IIfind,BuiI

haven'theardofanyragingepidemicsamongthehundredsofthousandsofpeoplebuying

cross-border.

Mostusersofprescriptiondrugsdon'sworryaboutcostsalot

They'reshelteredbyemployeeinsurance,owingjusta$20co-pay.

Thefinancialblowsrain,instead,ontheuninsured,especiallythechronicallyillwhoneed

expensivedrugstolive,Thisgroupwillstillincludemiddle-incomeseniorsonMedicare,who'll

havetodigdeeplyintotheirpocketsbeforegettingmuchfrom(henewdrugbenefitthatstartsin

2006.

26.Whatissaidabout(heconsequenceoftherocketingdrugpricesin(heU.S.?

A)AquarterofAmericanscan'taffordtheirprescriptiondrugs.

B)ManyAmericanscan'taffordtoseeadoctorwhentheyfallill.

C)ManyAmericanshave(ogotoCanadatogelmedicaltreatment.

D)Theinflationratehasbeenmorethandoubledovertheyears.

27.ItcanbeinferredthatAmericacanfollowtheCanadianmodelandcurbitssoaringdrug

pricesby.

A)encouragingpeopletobuyprescriptiondrugsonline

B)extendingmedicalinsurancetoallitscitizens

C)importinglow-priceprescriptiondrugsfromCanada

D)exercisingpricecontrolonbrand-namedrugs

28.HowdopropagandistsarguefortheU.S.drugpricingpolicy?

A)LowpriceswillaffectthequalityofmedicinesinAmerica.

B)Highpricesareessentialtofundingresearchonnewdrugs.

C)Lowpriceswillbringabouttheangerofdrugmanufacturers.

D)High-pricedrugsareindispensableincuringchronicdiseases.

29.WhatshouldbethepriorityofAmerica'shealth-caresystemaccordingtotheauthor?

A)Toresolvethedilemmainthehealth-caresystem.

B)TomaintainAmerica'sleadinthedrugindustry.

C)Toallowthevastmajorityloenjoyitsbenefits.

D)lbquickenthepaceofnewdrugdevelopment.

30.WhatareAmericandrugcompaniesdoingtoprotect(heirhighprofits?

A)LabelingdrugsboughtfromCanadaasbeingfakes.

B)Threateningtocutbackfundingtornewdrugresearch.

C)ReducingsuppliestouncooperativeCanadianpharmacies.

D)AttributingtheragingepidemicstotheineffectivenessofCanadiandrugs.

PassageThree

AgehasitsprivilegesinAmerica.Andoneofthemoreprominentofthemisthesenior

citizendiscount.Anyonewhohasreachedacertainage-insomecasesaslowas55-is

automaticallyentitledtoadazzlingarrayofpricereductionsatnearlyeverylevelofcommercial

life.Eligibilityisdeterminednotbyone'sneedbutbythedateonone'sbirthcertificate.

Practicallyunheardofagenerationago,thediscountshavebecomearoutinepartofmany

businesses-ascommonascolortelevisionsinmotelroomsandfreecoffeeonairliners.

Peoplewithgrayhairoftenaregiventhediscountswithoutevenaskingforthem；yet,

millionsofAmericansaboveage6Garchealthyandsolvent(有支付能力的).Businessesthat

wouldneverdareofferdiscountstocollegestudentsoranyoneunder30freelyofferthemloolder

Americans.Thepracticeisacceptablebecauseofthewidespreadbeliefthat“elderly"and"needy”

aresynonymous(同義的).

Perhapsthatoncewastrue,buttodayelderlyAmericansasagrouphavealowerpovertyrate

thantherestofthepopulation.Tobesure,thereiseconomicdiversitywithintheelderly,andmany

olcerAmericansarepoor.Butmostofthemaren't.Itisimpossibletodeterminetheimpactofthe

discountsonindividualcompanies.Formanyfirms,theyareastimulustorevenue.Butinother

casesthediscountsaregivenattheexpense.

Directlyorindirectly,ofyoungerAmericans.Moreover,theyareadirectirritantinwhat

somepoliticiansandscholarsseeasacomingconflictbetweenthegenerations.

GenerationaltensionsarcbeingfueledbycontinuingdebateoverSocialSecuritybenefits,

whichmostlyinvolvesatransferofresourcesfromtheyoungtotheold.Employmentisanother

sorepoint,Buoyed(支持)bylawsandcourtdecisions,moreandmoreolderAmericansare

decliningtheretirementdinnerinfavorofstayingonthejob-thcrcbylesseningemploymentand

promotionopportunitiesforyoungerworkers.

Farfromakindofcharitytheyoncewere,seniorcitizendiscountshavebecomeaformidable

economicprivilegetoagroupwithmillionsofmemberswhodon'tneedthem.

Itnolongermakessensetotreattheelderlyasasinglegroupwhoseeconomicneedsdeserve

priorityoverthoseofothers.Seniorcitizendiscountsonlyenhancethemyththatolderpeople

can'ttakecareofthemselvesandneedspecialtreatment；andtheythreatenthecreationofanew

myth,thattheelderlyarcungratefulandtakingforthemselvesattheexpenseofchildrenandother

agegroups.Seniorcitizendiscountsaretheessenceof(heverythingolderAmericansarefighting

against-discriminationbyage.

31.Welearnfromthefirstparagraphthat.

A)offeringseniorcitizensdiscountshasbecomeroutinecommercialpractice

B)seniorcitizendiscountshaveenabledmanyoldpeopletoliveadecentlife

C)givingseniorcitizensdiscountshasboostedthemarketfortheelderly

D)seniorcitizenshavetoshowtheirbirthcertificatestogetadiscount

32.Whatassumptionliesbehindthepracticeofseniorcitizendiscounts?

A)Businesses,havingmadealotofprofits,shoulddosomethingforsocietyinreturn.

B)Oldpeopleareentitledlospecialtreatmentfor(hecontributiontheymadetosociety.

C)Theelderly,beingfinanciallyunderprivileged,needhumanehelpfromsociety.

D)SeniorcitizendiscountscanmakeupfortheinadequacyoftheSocialSecuritysystem.

33.Accordingtosomepoliticiansandscholars,seniorcitizendiscountswill___.

A)makeoldpeopleevenmoredependentonsociety

B)intensifyconflictsbetweentheyoungandtheold

C)haveadversefinancialimpactonbusinesscompanies

D)bringamarkedincreaseinthecompaniesrevenues

34.HowdoestheauthorviewtheSocialSecuritysystem?

A)Itencourageselderlypeopletoretireintime.

B)Itopensupbroadcareerprospectsforyoungpeople.

C)Itbenefitstheoldattheexpenseoftheyoung

D)Ilshouldbereinforcedbylawsandcourtdecisions

35.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizestheauthor'smainargument?

A)Seniorcitizensshouldfighthardagainstagediscrimination.

B)Theelderlyareselfishandtakingseniordiscountsforgranted.

C)Priorityshouldbegiven(otheeconomicneedsofseniorcitizens.

D)Seniorcitizendiscountsmaywellbeatypeofagediscrimination.

PassageFour

In1854mygreat-grandfather,MorrisMarable,wassoldonanauctionblockinGeorgiafor

$500.Forhiswhiteslavemaster,thesalewasjust“businessasusual."ButtoMorrisMarable

andhisheirs,slaverywasacrimeagainstourhumanity.Thispatternofhumanrightsviolations

againstenslavedAfrican-Americanscontinuedunderracialsegregationfornearlyanothercentui-y.

ThefundamentalproblemofAmericandemocracyinthe21stcenluryistheproblemof^structural

racism''thedeeppatternsofsocio-economicinequalityandaccumulateddisadvantagethatare

codedbyrace,andconstantlyjustifiedinpublicspeechesbybothraciststereotypesandwhite

indifference.DoAmericanshavethecapacityandvisiontoremovethesestructuralbarriersthat

denydemocraticrightsandopportunitiestomillionsoftheirfellow

citizens?

Thiscountryhaspreviouslywitnessedtwogreatstrugglestoachieveatrulymulticultural

democracy.

TheFirstReconstruction(1865-1877)endedslaveryandbrieflygaveblackmenvotingrights,

butgavenomeaningfillcompensationfbrtwocenturiesofunpaidlabor.Thepromiseof"40acres

andamule(騾子)"wasformostblacksadreamdeferred(尚未實現(xiàn)的).

TheSecondReconstruction(1954-1968),orthemoderncivilrightsmovement,endedlegal

segregationinpublicaccommodaiionsandgaveblacksvotingrights.Buithesesuccesses

paradoxicallyobscurethetremendoushumancostsofhistoricallyaccunmiatcddisadvantagethat

remaincentraltoblackAmericans'lives.

Thedisproportionatewealththatmostwhitesenjoytodaywasfirstconstructedfrom

centuriesofunpaidblacklabor.Manywhiteinstitutions,includingsomeleadinguniversities,

insurancecompaniesandbanks,profitedfromslavery.Thispatternofwhiteprivilegeandblack

inequalitycontinuestoday.

Demandingreparations(賠償)isnotjustaboutcompensationforslaveryandsegregation.It

is,moreimportant,aneducationalcampaigntohighlightthecontemporaryrealityof"racial

deficits“ofallkinds,theunequalconditionsthatimpactblacksregardlessofclass.Structural

racism'sbarriersinclude“equityinequity?,theabsenceofblackcapitalformationthatisadirect

consequenceofAmerica'shistory.Onethirdofallblackhouseholdsactuallyhavenegativenet

wealth.In1998thetypicalblackfamily?snetwealthwas$16,400.lessthanonefifththatof

whitefamilies.

Blackfamiliesaredeniedhomeloansattwicetherateofwhites.

Blacksremainthelasthiredandfirstfiredduringrecessions.

Duringthe1990-91recession.African-Americanssuffereddisproportionately.AtCoca-Cola,

42percentofemployeeswholosttheirjobswereblacks.AtSears,54percentwereblack,Blacks

havesignificantlyshorterlifespans,inpartduetoracismintheheakhestablishment.Blacksare

statisticallylesslikelythanwhitestobereferredforkidneytransplantsorearly-stagecancer

surgery.

36.To(heauthor,theauctionofhisgreat-grandfatherisatypicalexampleof.

A)crimeagainsthumanity

B)unfairbusinesstransaction

C)racialconflictsinGeorgia

D)racialsegregationinAmerica

37.Thebarriertodemocracyin21stcenturyAmericais.

A)widespreaduseofraciststereotypes

B)prejudiceagainstminoritygroups

C)deep-rootedsocio-economicinequality

D)denialoflegalrightstoordinaryblacks

38.WhatproblemremainsunsolvedinthetwoReconstructions?

A)Differencesbetweenracesaredeliberatelyobscured.

B)Theblacksarenotcompensatedfortheirunpaidlabor.

C)Thereisnoguaranteeforblackstoexercisetheirrights.

D)Theinterestsofblacksarenotprotectedbylaw.

39.Itisclearthatthewealthenjoyedbymostwhites.

A)hasresultedfrombusinesssuccessesovertheyears

B)hasbeenaccompaniedbyblackcapitalformation

C)hasderivedfromsizableinvesimentsineducation

D)hasbeenaccumulatedfromgenerationsofslavery

40.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthecurrentsituationregardingracialdiscrimination?

A)Racismisnotamajorobstacletoblacks'employment.

B)Inequalityofmanykindsremainsvirtuallyuntouched

C)Amajorstephasbeentakentowardsreparations.

D)Littlehasbeendonetoensureblacks'civilrights.

答案：21D)Showingviolenceisthoughttobeentertaining

22B)Moststudiesexaggeratetheeffectofmediaviolenceontheviewers.

23C)assertadirectlinebetweenviolentmediaandaggressivebehavior.

24D)theirdefinitionofviolence

25A)Morestudiesshouldbeconductedbeforeconclusionsarcdrawn.

26A)AquarterofAmericanscan'taffordtheirprescriptiondrubs.

27D)exercisingpricecontrolonbrand-namedrugs.

28B)Highpricesareessentialtofundingresearchonnewdrugs.

29C)Toallowthevastmajoritytoenjoyitsbenefits.

30C)ReducingsuppliestouncooperativeCanadianpharmacies.

31A)offeringseniorcitizensdiscountshasbecomeroutinecommercialpractice

32C)Theelderly,beingfinanciallyunderprivileged,needhumanhelpfromsociety.

33B)intensifyconflictsbetweentheyoungandtheold

34C)Itbenefitstheoldattheexpenseoftheyoung.

35D)Seniorcitizendiscountsmaywellbeatypeofage

36A)crimeagainsthumanity

37C)deep-rootedsocio-economicinequality

38B)Theblacksarenotcompensatedfortheirunpaidlabor

39D)hasbeenaccumulatedfromgenerationsofslavery

40B)Inequalityofmanykindsremainsvirtuallyuntouched.

Questions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Ilusedtobethatpeoplewereproudtoworkfbrthesamecompanyfbr(hewholeoftheirworkinglives.

They'dgetagoldwatchattheendoftheirproductiveyearsandadinnerfeaturingspeechesbytheirbossespraising

theirloyalty/Buttoday'srichcapitalistshaveregressed(倒退)totheasurvivalofthefittestMideasandtheirloyally

extendsnottotheirworkersorever,totheirstockholdersbutonlytothemselves.Insteadofgivingoutgoldwatches

worthahundredorsodollarsforfortyorsoyearsofwork,theygrabtensandevenhundredsofmillionsofdollars

astheysellfor(heirownprofit(hecompanytheymayhavebeenwithforonlyafewyears.

Thenewrichselfishlyacton:heirowntounfairlygrabthewealththatthecountryasawholehasproduced.

Thstop1percentofthepopulationnowhaswealthequaltothewholebottom95percentandtheywantmore.Their

selfishnessismostshamelesslyexpressedindownsizingandoutsourcing(將產品包給夕卜公司做)becausethese

businessmaneuversdon*tacttocreatenewjobsasthefoundersofnewindustriesusedtodo,butonlytocutout

jobswhilekeepingthemoneyvalueofwhatthosejobsproducedforthemselves.

rIbkeepthemoneymachineworkingsmoothlytherichhaveboughtallthepoliticiansfromthetopdown.The

presidenthimselfisconstantlyleaving.Washingtonandthebusinessofthenationbecauseheissummonedto

*'fundraisingdinners''wherefatcatspayathousandorsodollarsaplatetowormtheirwayintogovernmentnot

throughservicebutthroughdonationsofvastamountsofmoney.Onceontheinsidetheyhavebothpoliticalparties

busilytearingupalltheregulationsthatprotecttherestofusfromthegreedoftherich.

Themiddleclassusedtobeloyal(othefreeenterprisesystem.Inthepast,thepeopleofthemiddleclass

mostlythoughtthey'dberichthemselvessomedayorhaveagoodshotatbecomingrich.Butnowadaysincomeis

beingdistributedmoreandmoreunevenlyandcorporateloyaltyisathingof(hepast.Themiddleclassmayalso

wakeuptoforgetitsloyaltytotheso-calledfreeenterprisesystemaltogetherandthegovenimentwhichgoverns

onlytherestofuswhilelettingthecorporationsdowhattheypleasewithourjobs.Asthingsstand,ifsomebody

doesn'twakeup,themiddleclassisonapathtobeingdownsizedallthewaytothebottomofsociety

26.Itcanbeinferredformthefirstparagraphthatpeopleusedtoplaceahighvalueon.

A)jobsecurity

B)bosses'praise

C)corporateloyalty

D)retirementbenefits

27.Theauthorisstronglycriticaloftoday'srichcapitalistsfbr.

A)notgivingnecessaryassistancetolaid-offworkers

B)maximizingtheirprofitsattheexpenseofworkers

C)notsettinguplong-termgoalsfortheircompanies

D)rewardingonlythosewhoarcconsideredthefittest

28.Theimmediateconsequenceof:henewcapitalists5practiceis.

A)lossofcorporatereputation

B)lowerpayfbrtheemployees

C)ahigherrateofunemployment

D)adeclineinbusinesstransactions

29.Therichtrytosway(hepolicyofthegovernmentby.

A)occupyingimportantpositionsinbothpoliticalparties

B)makingmonetarycontributionstodecision-makers

C)pleasingthepublicwithgenerousdonations

D)constantlyhostingfundraisingdinners

30.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthispassage?

A)lbcallonthemiddleclasstoremainloyaltothefreeenterprisesystem.

B)TowarnthegovernmentoftheshrinkingoftheAmericanmiddleclass.

C)Topersuadethegovernmenttochangeitscurrenteconomicpolicies.

D)7burgethemiddleclasstowakeupandprotecttheirowninterests.

Questions31to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage

IntelchairmanAndyGrovehasdecidedtocuttheGordianknetofcontroversysurroundingstemcellresearch

bysimplywritingacheck.

Thecheck,whichhepledgedlastweek,couldbefbrasmuchasS5million,dependingonhowmanydonors

makegiftsofbetween$50,000and$500,000.whichhehaspromisedtomatch.IlwillbemadeouttotheUniversity

ofCalifornia-SanFrancisco(UCSF).

Thanksinparttosuchprivatedonations,universityresearchintousesforhumanstemcellsthecellsearliest

stagesofdevelopmentthatcanformanybodypart-willcontinueinCalifornia.Withprivatefinancialsupport,the

statewillbelesslikelytolosetalentedscientistswhowouldbetemptedtoleavethefieldorevenleavethefieldor

evenleavethecountryasresearchdependentonfederalmoneyslowstoaglacial(極其緩慢的)pace.

HinderedbylimitsPresidentBushplacedonstemcellresearchayearago,scientistsarcturningtolaboratories

thatcancarryoutworkwithoutusingfederalmoney.Thisisawkwardforuniversities.Whichmustspendextra

moneybuildingseparatelabsandkeepingrigorousrecordsprovingnofederalfiindswereinvolved.Grove's

donation,afirststeptowarda$20milliontargetatUCSF.Willease:heburden.

Thepresident'sdecisionayearagotoallowresearchonalreadyexistingstemcelllineswasportrayedasa

reasonablecompromisebetweenscientists'needsfbrcellstoworkwith,andconcernsthatthiskindofresearchcold

leadtowholesalecreationanddestructionofhumanembryos(胚胎)。Clonedinfantsandageneralcontemptfor

humanlife.

ButBush'seflbrltopleasebothsidesendeduppleasingneither.Anditcertainlydidn'tprovidethebasisfbr

cuttingedgeresearch.Ofthe78existingsxistingsterncelllineswhichBushsaidareallthatsciencewouldever

need,onlyoneisinthiscountry(attheUniversityofWisconsin),andonlyfivearereadyfordistributionto

researchers.Allweregrowninconjunctionwithmousecells,makingfuturetherapeutic(治療的)usesunlikely.

TheBushadministrationseemsbentonsatisfyingthesmallbutvocalgroupofAmericanswhoopposestem

cellresearchunderanyconditions.Fortunately,Groveandothersaremoreinterestedinadvancingscientific

researchthatcouldbenefitthelargenumberofAmericanswhosufferfromParkinson'sdisease,nerveinjuries,heart

diseasesandmanyotherproblems.

31WhenAndyGrovedecidedtocuttheGordianknot,hemeantto.

A)putanendtostemcellresearch

B)endIntel'srelationswithGordian

C)settlethedisputeonstemcellresearchquickly

D)expelGordianfromstemcellresearchforgood

32.ForUCSFtocarryonstemcellresearch,newfundshavetocomefrom.

A)interestedbusinessesandindividuals

B)theUnitedStatesfederalgovernment

C)afoundationsetupbytheIntelCompany

D)executivesofleadingAmericancompanies

33.AsaresultothelimitsBushplacedonstemcellresearch,Americanuniversitieswill.

A)conducttheresearchinlaboratoriesoverseas

B)abandontheresearchaltogetherinthenearfuture

C)havetocarryoultheresearchsecretly

D)havetoraisemoneytobuildseparatelabs

34.Wemayinferfromthepassageihatfuturetherapeuticusesofstemcellswillbeunlikelyunless.

A)humanstemcellsareusedintheresearch

B)alotmoreprivatedonationscanbesecured

C)morefederalmoneyisusedfortheresearch

D)talentedscientistsarcinvolvedintheresearch

35.ThereasonlyingbehindPresidentBush'splacinglimitsonstemcellresearchisthat.

A)hisadministrationisfinanciallypinched

B)hedidnotwanttooffenditsopponents

C)itamountstoacontemptforhumanlife

D)itdidnotpromiseanytherapeuticvalue

Questions36to40arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Thislooksliketheyearthathard-pressedtenantsinCaliforniawillgetrclicf-notjustinthemarketplace,where

rentshaveeased,butI-rointhestalecapitalSacramento.

Twosignificanttenantreformsstandagoodchanceofpassage.Onebill,whichwillgivemoretimetotenants

beingevicted(逐出)，willsoonbeheadingto(hegovernor1sdesk.Theother,protectingsecuritydeposits,facesa

voteintheSenateonMonday.

Formorethanacentury,landlordsinCaliforniahavebeenabletoforcetenantsoutwithonly3()days'notice.

ThatwillnowdoubleunderSB1403,whichgotthroughtheAssemblyrecentlyThenewprotectionwillapplyto

renterswhohavebeeninanapartmentforatleastayear.

Even60daysinatighthousingmarketwon'tbelongenoughforsomefamiliestofindatapartmentnear

where