Unit1HappyHolidaySectionB單詞解析1.bored(形容詞)厭倦的、煩悶的[用法講解]bored為形容詞，常常用來(lái)形容人。Eg:Ifeelboredsittingathomeallday.我整天坐在家里感到很無(wú)聊。[常見(jiàn)搭配] beboredwith/about...對(duì)...感到無(wú)聊Eg:Sheisboredwithherjob.她對(duì)她的工作感到無(wú)聊。[派生詞]boring為形容詞，譯為“令人無(wú)聊的”，常常用來(lái)修飾物;boredom為名詞，譯為“無(wú)聊、厭煩”。Eg:Thismovieisveryboring.這部電影非常無(wú)聊。This canreallybethecure toyourboredomatwork.這可能是治愈你工作厭煩的良方。 [常見(jiàn)搭配] kill/beatboredom 打發(fā)時(shí)間、緩解無(wú)聊Eg:Ireadbookstokillboredomduringthelongfight.在漫長(zhǎng)的飛行中，我通過(guò)讀書(shū)來(lái)打發(fā)時(shí)間。[即學(xué)即用]()Myfatherwas______afteralongdayatwork.A.boring B.bored C.bore D.boredom 答案:B2.standup站起、起立Eg:Pleasestandupwhentheteacherenterstheclassroom.老師走進(jìn)教室時(shí)，請(qǐng)起立。[常見(jiàn)搭配] standupforsb./sth.支持、維護(hù)某人/某物standuptosb./sth.抵抗、勇敢反對(duì)某人/某物Eg:Healwaysstandsupfortherightsofminorities.他始終維護(hù)少數(shù)群體的權(quán)益。Ijustdon'tthinkherearlyworkstandsupincomparisontohermodernmasterpieces.我只是不認(rèn)為她早期的作品能與她現(xiàn)代的杰作相提并論。[即學(xué)即用]當(dāng)老師進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí)，請(qǐng)站起來(lái)。Please______________whentheteachercome.答案:standup3.towards(介詞)(=toward)向、朝[用法講解] towards主要用于表示方向或目標(biāo)。Eg:Shewalkedtowardsthedoor.她朝門走去。Weareworkingtowardsasolution.我們正在努力尋找解決方案。Thecarmovedtowardsusontheroad.汽車在路上向我們駛來(lái)。[即學(xué)即用]()Thedogisrunning_____me.A.in B.withC.at D.towards答案:D4.rainbow(名詞)虹、彩虹[用法講解]rainbow為可數(shù)名詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式為rainbows;rainbow還可為形容詞，譯為“五彩繽紛的、彩虹狀的”。Eg:Thereareseveralrainbowsintheskyaftertheheavyrain.大雨過(guò)后天空有幾道彩虹。Therainbowcolorsarejustforaddedeffect.彩虹色的箭頭僅僅是為了增強(qiáng)效果而已。[常見(jiàn)搭配]attheendoftherainbow在可望而不可即的地方chaserainbows 做白日夢(mèng)、幻想 Eg:Manypeoplethinkthatwealthandfameareattheendoftherainbow.很多人認(rèn)為財(cái)富和名譽(yù)是遙不可及的東西。Don'tjustchaserainbows,youshouldfacethereality.不要只是做白日夢(mèng)，你應(yīng)該面對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)。[即學(xué)即用]Therearesome________(rainbow)inthesky.答案:rainbows5.square(名詞)廣場(chǎng)、正方形;(形容詞)正方形的、平方的[用法講解]square也可為副詞，譯為“徑直地、公平地”。Eg:Thisisasquareroom.這是一個(gè)正方形的房間。Tian'anmenSquare天安門廣場(chǎng)asquaredeal公平的交易Helookedmesquareintheeye.他看著我的眼睛。[常見(jiàn)搭配] squaremeter 平方米 squareaway 解決、整頓 squareone'sshoulders挺起肩膀Eg:Theaveragepriceis3000RMB/squaremeter.每平米的平均價(jià)位是3000元人民幣。Heistryingtogetallhislegaltroublessquaredawayassoonaspossible.他努力把所有法律上的麻煩搞定。Youneedtosquareyourshouldersforthesubsequenttask.為了接下來(lái)的任務(wù)，你要做好準(zhǔn)備。[即學(xué)即用]這個(gè)廣場(chǎng)有500平方米。Thesquareis500_____________.答案:squaremeters6.during(介詞)在...期間[用法講解] during在某個(gè)時(shí)間段內(nèi)，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的持續(xù)性和時(shí)間的連續(xù)性。Eg:Shereceivedthreecallsduringthemeeting.會(huì)議期間她接到了三個(gè)電話。Duringthemorning,Iwasreadingabook.整個(gè)上午我都在讀書(shū)。[常見(jiàn)搭配]duringone'slifetime在某人的一生中duringthecourseof...在...的過(guò)程中Eg:Hetraveledtomanycountriesduringhislifetime.他一生中去過(guò)很多國(guó)家。Duringthecourseoftheyear,wecompletedmanyprojects.一年中，我們完成了許多項(xiàng)目。[易混辨析] during與in區(qū)別 during強(qiáng)調(diào)事件的延續(xù)性，常表示某個(gè)特定時(shí)間段內(nèi)的持續(xù)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常常與表示行為要持續(xù)一段時(shí)間的名詞連用，如“meal、stay”等;in為一般時(shí)間段，不強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間的延續(xù)性。Eg:Don'tspeakduringthemeal.吃飯期間不許說(shuō)話。(食不言)I'llbeonholidayinAugust.我八月份將去度假。[即學(xué)即用]()Wehadagreattime______thesummervacation.A.during B.in C.since D.until 答案:A7.victory(名詞)勝利、成功[用法講解] victory為可數(shù)名詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式為victories.Eg:Theteamcelebratedtheirvictorywithcheers.隊(duì)伍為勝利歡呼。[常見(jiàn)搭配] achieve/winavictory 取得勝利narrowvictory 險(xiǎn)勝 Eg:Theyachievedadecisivevictoryinthedebate.他們?cè)谵q論中取得決定性勝利。Thematchendedwithanarrowvictoryof2-1.比賽以2-1的微弱優(yōu)勢(shì)結(jié)束。[即學(xué)即用]()Theteamcelebratedtheir______witharoarofjoy.A.win B.beat C.lose D.victory 答案:D8.Russian(形容詞)俄羅斯的、俄羅斯人的;(名詞)俄羅斯人、俄語(yǔ)Eg:ThisisaRussiancar.這是一輛俄羅斯小汽車。HeisaRussian.她是俄羅斯人。Mr.WangteachesusRussian.王先生教我們俄語(yǔ)。[派生詞]Russia為名詞，譯為“俄國(guó)”。Eg:SheisfromRussia.她來(lái)自俄國(guó)。[即學(xué)即用]Thesestudentscomefrom_________(Russian).答案:Russia9.fight(名詞)戰(zhàn)斗、搏斗、斗爭(zhēng);(動(dòng)詞)(fought)打仗、打架Eg:Thesoldiersarefightingtheenemyonthebattlefield.士兵們?cè)趹?zhàn)場(chǎng)上與敵人作戰(zhàn)。Thetwoteamswillfightforthechampionshipnextweek.這兩支隊(duì)伍將在下周爭(zhēng)奪冠軍。Thesoldiersareinafiercefightagainsttheenemy.士兵們?cè)谂c敵人進(jìn)行激烈的斗爭(zhēng)。[常見(jiàn)搭配]fightagainst...與...斗爭(zhēng)、反對(duì)..fightfor... 為...而戰(zhàn)、爭(zhēng)取... fightwith... 與...并肩作戰(zhàn) fightback 反擊 putupafight 頑強(qiáng)抵抗、打得很好 Eg:Scientistsfightagainstclimatechange.科學(xué)家對(duì)抗氣候變化。Workersfoughtforbetterworkingconditions.工人爭(zhēng)取更好的工作條件。Thetwocountriesfoughtwitheachother.兩國(guó)互相交戰(zhàn)。Thevictimfoughtbackbravely.受害者勇敢反擊。Shefoughtbacktearsduringthespeech.演講時(shí)她強(qiáng)忍淚水。Despitebeingoutnumbered,thesmallteamputupagoodfight.盡管人數(shù)上處于劣勢(shì)，但這支小隊(duì)還是進(jìn)行了頑強(qiáng)的抵抗。[即學(xué)即用]()They________theItaliansinthelastwar.A.fightfor B.fightwith C.fightagainst D.fightover答案:C10.against(介詞)反對(duì)、與...相反、緊靠Eg:Heisagainstthewar.他反對(duì)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。Thechairisagainstthewall.椅子靠著墻。[常見(jiàn)搭配]againstthelaw違法beagainstdoingsth.反對(duì)做某事Eg:Thisisagainstthelaw.這是違法的。I'magainstcuttingdownthetrees.我反對(duì)砍伐樹(shù)木。[即學(xué)即用]()We'llplay_______ClassThree.A.against B.in C.to D.with 答案:A11.guide(名詞)導(dǎo)游、指南、手冊(cè);(動(dòng)詞)給某人領(lǐng)路、指導(dǎo)[用法講解] guide為可數(shù)名詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式為guides.Eg:Shewroteaguidetohealthyeating.她寫了一本健康飲食指南。Theguideledusthroughtheancienttemple.導(dǎo)游帶領(lǐng)我們參觀了古廟。Heguidedthetouristsaroundthemuseum.他帶領(lǐng)游客參觀博物館。[常見(jiàn)搭配] tourguide 導(dǎo)游 guidesb.to地點(diǎn)領(lǐng)某人去某地guidesb.indoingsth.指導(dǎo)某人做某事beguidedbysth./sb.受...的指導(dǎo)/引導(dǎo)userguide 用戶指南/使用說(shuō)明書(shū) followone'sguide 聽(tīng)從某人的指引 guideline 準(zhǔn)則、指導(dǎo)方針 guideaway引導(dǎo)離開(kāi)Eg:Thecoachguidedtheteamtovictory.教練帶領(lǐng)球隊(duì)取得了勝利。Weshouldbeguidedbyfactsandnotbyrumors.我們應(yīng)該以事實(shí)為依據(jù)，而不是聽(tīng)信謠言。Pleasereadtheuserguidebeforeusinghisproduct.請(qǐng)?jiān)谑褂帽井a(chǎn)品前閱讀用戶指南。Justfollowmyguide,andyouwon'tgetlost.只要聽(tīng)我的指引，你就不會(huì)迷路。Thecompanyfollowsstrictguidelinesinitsoperations.公司在運(yùn)營(yíng)中嚴(yán)格遵守指導(dǎo)方針。Policeguidedthecrowdawayfromtheaccident.警察疏散人群離開(kāi)事故現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。[即學(xué)即用]()MissWangguidedus_____theGreatWall.A.at B.in C.to D.with 答案:C12.artwork(名詞)藝術(shù)作品、插圖[用法講解]artwork為可數(shù)名詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式為artworks。Eg:Themuseumcontains6000artworks.這個(gè)博物館擁有6000個(gè)藝術(shù)品。Theartworkforthebrochureincludesthelayoutandalltheillustrations.這個(gè)小冊(cè)子的插圖包括布局和圖示。[即學(xué)即用]Therearelotsof_________(artwork)inthismuseum.答案:artworks13.thousandsof數(shù)以千計(jì)的、成千上萬(wàn)的[用法講解]thousand前接數(shù)字時(shí)，不可加s，表示“..千”;thousand后面可接of，此時(shí)必須加s，譯為“數(shù)百的”;thousand修飾名詞表示一筆金額時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。[常見(jiàn)搭配]athousand/onethousand千two/three...thousand 二/三...千 thousandsof 數(shù)千的 hundredsofthousandsof...成千上萬(wàn)的、數(shù)十萬(wàn)的Eg:We'vedriventwothousandmilesinthelasttwohours.在過(guò)去的兩個(gè)小時(shí)里，我們已經(jīng)開(kāi)了2000英里。Therearethousandsofpeopleinthepark.公園里有數(shù)千人。Twothousandpoundsisusedforteambuilding.2000美元用于團(tuán)隊(duì)建設(shè)。Hundredsofthousandsofpeopleattendedtheconcert.數(shù)十萬(wàn)人參加了音樂(lè)會(huì)。[知識(shí)拓展]類似詞語(yǔ)拓展hundred百;million百萬(wàn);billion十億注意:用法與thousand用法一致。Eg:Ahundredpeoplesignedthepetition.一百人在請(qǐng)?jiān)笗?shū)上簽了名。Therearemillionsofpeopleinthecity.這個(gè)城市有數(shù)百萬(wàn)人。[即學(xué)即用]()Thereare__________booksinthelibrary.A.thousandof B.thousandsofC.twothousands D.twothousandsof答案:B14.tear(名詞)眼淚、淚水[用法講解] tear為可數(shù)名詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式為tears;tear也可為動(dòng)詞，譯為“撕扯、使流淚、拉扯、拆除、毀壞”等，其過(guò)去式為tore，過(guò)去分詞為torn。Eg:Heburstintotearswhenhesawhismotheragainafteryearsofseparation.與母親多年未見(jiàn)后重逢，他突然哭了起來(lái)。Thechildtorethepaperintopieces.孩子把紙撕成了碎片。Hecouldn'thelptearingwhenheheardthebadnews.聽(tīng)到這個(gè)壞消息時(shí)，他忍不住流下了眼淚。Shetoreherscarfloosefromaroundherneck.她從脖子上猛地扯下圍巾。Theoldbuildingwillbetorndownnextweek.那座舊建筑下周將被拆除。[常見(jiàn)搭配] intears 淚流滿面 Eg:Shewasintearswhensheheardthebadnews.她聽(tīng)到這個(gè)壞消息時(shí)，淚流滿面。[即學(xué)即用]Mywifeburstinto________(tear)whensheheardthebadnews.答案:tears15.remind(動(dòng)詞)提醒、使想起[用法講解]remind后可接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞不定式或that從句。Eg:Sheremindedhimthathehadameetingat2pm.她提醒他下午兩點(diǎn)有個(gè)會(huì)議。[常見(jiàn)搭配] remindsb.ofsth. 使某人想起某事remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事remindoneself 提醒自己 Eg:Thesmellofhayalwaysremindsmeofouroldhouseinthecountry.甘草的味道總是令我想起了我們?cè)卩l(xiāng)村的老房子。TheteacheroftenremindsmetoreadEnglishinthemorning.老師經(jīng)常提醒我早晨讀英語(yǔ)。Iremindedmyselftostudyforthefinalexamscomingup.我提醒自己要為即將到來(lái)的期末考試做好準(zhǔn)備。[即學(xué)即用]()Whatyousaidjustnow_______meofthatAmericanprofessor.A.mentioned B.informed C.reminded D.memorized 答案:C16.peace(名詞)和平、太平[用法講解]peace作名詞還可譯為“平靜、安寧”;peace還可作動(dòng)詞譯為“使...安靜/平靜”Eg:Thetwocountriessignedatreatytoestablishpeaceandpromotecooperation.兩國(guó)簽署了一項(xiàng)條約，以建立和平冰促進(jìn)合作。Yogaandmeditationbringmepeaceofmind.瑜伽和冥想給我?guī)?lái)內(nèi)心的寧?kù)o。Theteachertriedtopeacetherowdystudentsbyspeakingsoftly.老師嘗試通過(guò)輕聲講話使粗魯?shù)膶W(xué)生安靜下來(lái)。[常見(jiàn)搭配] inpeace 和平地、安靜地 atpeace 心如止水地、和平、平靜 makepeace達(dá)成和解keepthepeace維持和平Eg:You'llbeabletoreadinpeacehere.你可以在這里安靜地看書(shū)。Heisatpeacenow.他現(xiàn)在心如止水。Afterthe heated argument,theyfinallymadepeacewitheachother.經(jīng)過(guò)激烈的爭(zhēng)論，他們終于和解了。Thepoliceweretryingtokeepthepeaceduringthedemonstration.警察試圖在游行期間維持秩序。[派生詞]peaceful為形容詞，譯為“和平的’Eg:Theprospectsforapeacefulsolutionaredim.找到和平解決方案的前景渺茫。[即學(xué)即用]Maythewholeworldbefullof____________(peaceful),loveandhappiness.答案:peace17.easily(副詞)容易地、輕易地[用法講解]easily常用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞或形容詞。Eg:Heeasilysolvedthemathproblem.他輕易地解決了這個(gè)數(shù)學(xué)問(wèn)題。Thisiseasilyrecognizedfromitssizeandcolor.這種螞蟻可以很容易地通過(guò)其體積和顏色辨識(shí)出來(lái)。[派生詞]easy為形容詞，譯為“容易的”。Eg:ItiseasyformetolearnEnglish.對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)學(xué)英語(yǔ)很容易。[即學(xué)即用]Awomanofherabilitywill________(easy)findajob.答案:easily18.forget(動(dòng)詞)(forgot)忘記、遺忘[用法講解]forget的過(guò)去式為forgot，過(guò)去分詞為forgotten。[派生詞]反義詞為remember，譯為“記得”。[常見(jiàn)搭配]forget/remembertodosth.忘記/記得要去做某事forget/rememberdoingsth.忘記/記得做過(guò)某事Eg:Iforgotborrowingabookfromyou.我忘記從你那借了一本書(shū)。Sorry