Unit4MeetingthemuseUsinglanguageto-infinitive,-ingand-edaspredictiveWhatispredicative?Predicativecomesafteraverbsuchasbe,become,get,seem,looketc.Ittellswhatissaidaboutthesubject.1.

Everyartist’swishistocreatesomethingthatexpressesanidea.2.

Onewayforhimtofindinspirationisturning

tohischildren'stoys.3.

Hewasparticularlyinterestedintheoldstoryaboutafishjumping

throughthe“DragonGate”.4.TolistentoTan’smusicistoexperience

amixofChinesemusical

traditionsandWesterninfluences.

5.YangLiping’spassionisdancing.①Lookatthesentencesfromthereadingpassageandanswerthequestions.1.Apartfromnounsandadjectives,whatotherwordformscanserveaspredicative?2.Can“interested”insentence(b)bereplacedby“interesting”?Whyorwhynot?Apartfromnounsandadjectives,to-infinitive,-ed,-ingcanserveaspredicative.No,itcan’t.because“interested”usuallyindicatesaperson’sinterestinsomethingwhile“interesting”usuallyindicatessomethingmakingapersoninterested.Insentence(b),thesubjectis“he”,whichreferstoaperson.Lookformoresentenceswiththesestructuresinthereadingpassage,andsummarisetheirusesinyourownwords.1Onewayforhimtofindinspirationisturningtohischildren’stoys.2Heismostwidelyknownforcomposingmusicforthefilm...3TolistentoTan’smusicistoexperienceamixofChinesemusicaltraditionsandWesterninfluences.Grammar:to-infinitive,-ingand-edaspredicative動(dòng)詞不定式形式作表語時(shí)表示的動(dòng)作往往是具體的、一次性的動(dòng)作，特別是將來的動(dòng)作。通常主語是表示

“目的，愿望，夢想，需求”等的名詞或what引導(dǎo)的主語從句。Mypurposeistoclimb

tothetopofthesnowMountain.

我的目標(biāo)就是要爬到雪山的頂部。

Grammar:to-infinitive,-ingand-edaspredicative動(dòng)名詞作表語時(shí)表示一般性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或抽象的動(dòng)作，大部分時(shí)候主語與表語可以互換。Therealquestionisgettingtoknowtheneedsofthestudents.=Gettingtoknowtheneedsofthestudentsistherealquestion.

真正的問題是了解學(xué)生的需求。Grammar:to-infinitive,-ingand-edaspredicative現(xiàn)在分詞（短語）作表語是形容詞性的，表示主語具有的特征和屬性，主語和表語不可換位。Thenewsisreallyexciting.過去分詞（短語）作表語時(shí)表示主語所處的狀態(tài)或情感情緒等。Thecupsarebroken.杯子碎了。(broken表示主語的存在狀態(tài))Iamverydisappointedatthenews.我對這個(gè)消息感到很失望。(disappointed表示主語的情緒—感到失望)

區(qū)別幾種易混情況

不定式做表語VS.動(dòng)名詞做表語現(xiàn)在分詞做表語VS.過去分詞做表語不定式做表語VS.不定式表將來動(dòng)名詞做表語VS.現(xiàn)在分詞用于進(jìn)行時(shí)過去分詞做表語VS.過去分詞用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)動(dòng)詞不定式與動(dòng)詞-ing作表語的區(qū)別動(dòng)名詞(短語)作表語表示一般性的動(dòng)作；動(dòng)詞不定式(短語)作表語表示一次具體的動(dòng)作或?qū)⒁l(fā)生的事。Hishobbyispainting.

他的愛好是畫畫。

(一般性的動(dòng)作)Todaywhathewantstodois(to)paint.

今天他想要做的事是畫畫。(具體的動(dòng)作)Hiswishistobecomeanartist.

他的愿望是成為一名藝術(shù)家。(將要發(fā)生的事)過去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞作表語的區(qū)別英語中有很多與感覺有關(guān)的及物動(dòng)詞，其現(xiàn)在分詞意為“令人……的”，多用來修飾物；其動(dòng)詞-ed意為“感到…的”,多用來指人/人的聲音或表情等不定式作表語和不定式表示將來時(shí)的區(qū)別不定式作表語用于說明主語“是什么”,和主語之間是相等的;不定式用來表示主語即將要執(zhí)行的動(dòng)作時(shí),和主語之間是不相等的。Whathewantedtosuggestisto

cutdowntheprice

andincreasethesales.

他想建議的是降價(jià)促銷。MyAmericanteacheristo

leaveChinasoon.

我的美國老師很快就要離開中國了。注意：當(dāng)主語部分含有動(dòng)詞do的某種形式時(shí),作表語的不定式可以省略to。Allyouneedtodois(to)pressthebutton.動(dòng)名詞作表語和現(xiàn)在分詞用于進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別動(dòng)名詞作表語說明主語“是什么”;現(xiàn)在分詞用于進(jìn)行時(shí)時(shí),

說明主語正在執(zhí)行的動(dòng)作。Herworkistakingcareofthechildren.

她的工作是照顧小孩。(說明主語“是什么”)Sheis

takingcareofthechildren.

她正在照料小孩。(說明她正在執(zhí)行的動(dòng)作)過去分詞作表語和過去分詞用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)的區(qū)別過去分詞作表語說明主語所處的狀態(tài);過去分詞用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)說明主語所承受的動(dòng)作。Thecupisbroken.

杯子碎了。(說明杯子所處的狀態(tài))ThecupwasbrokenbyPeter.杯子是被彼得打壞的。(說明杯子承受的動(dòng)作)Thepaintingremainsunfinished.這幅畫仍未完成。(說明畫的狀態(tài))Thepaintingwasfinishedbyhisapprentice.（說明畫承受的動(dòng)作這幅畫是由他的徒弟完成的。）

to-infinitiveaspredicative:showtheaimofthesubject;tellinformationofthesubject;

-ingaspredicative:tellinformationofthesubject;usedasanadjective“令人......的”

-edaspredicative:tellinformationofthesubject;usedasanadjective“......的”②Readthepassageandunderlinethepredicatives.OneofmybiggestdreamshadalwaysbeentoseethepaintingGirlwithaPearl

Earing,bytheDutchartistVermeer.

Itwasn'tuntilwewentonatriptoTheHaguelastyearthatthisdrearmcametrue.TherewerelotsofpeoplewaitingtoentertheMauritshuis.Althoughmylegsweretiredfromwalkingaroundthecity,Iwasdeterminedtoseethepaintirg,whichisoftencalledthe"MonaLisaoftheNorth".Nobodyissureoftheidentityofthegirlinit.Andthereshewas.Itwasamazingtobestandinginfrontofheratlast!

Thegirlislookingoverhershoulder.Hereyesarewideandhermouthisparted,justasifshewereabouttospeak.Iwouldlovetoknowwhatshewasgoingtosay!Mauritshuis荷蘭海牙莫瑞泰斯皇家美術(shù)館JohannesVermeer`sworks③Completethepassagewiththecorrectformoftheverbsinbrackets.ChineseartistWuGuanzhongis___________(know)forhispaintingsusingoilsandalsoforthoseusingthemoretraditionalChinesemethodofink.AccordingtoWuGuanzhong,hisgoalasanartistwas____________(combine)WesternprinciplesofartwithChinesespirit,andhispassionis__________(seek)apointatwhichthetwocouldmeet.Tohim,theimportantvalueofanartworkwas____________(reflect)theartwithinthelifeofChinesepople,and_____________(express)loveofandresponsibilitytohismotherland.WuGuanzhongremained___________(interest)inexploringwaysofexpression,withhisstylechanginganddevelopingthroughouthiscareer.Hislife'sworkisnow___________(inspire)artistsnotonlyinChinabutacrosstheworld.WuGuanzhongknowntocombinetoseektoreflecttoexpressinterestedinspiringWuGuanzhong`sworks④Thinkofanartistyouadmireandtalkabouthisorherinspirationandartworksusingto-infinitive,-ingand-edaspredicativewhereappropriate.Listtheexperienceandachievementoftheartistyouadmire;Findoutwherehis/herinspirationcomesfrom;Writedownthesentencestomakeupyourdraft;Thinkcarefullyaboutwhereyoucanuseto-infinitive,-ingand-edaspredicative,accordingtowhatyouhavelearntinlaststep.1.HispaintingistotellalovestoryinChinesefolktale.2.Hewassomovedthathepickeduphisbrushandbeganhis

painting.3.Hisexperienceisinspiring.4.Hisnextgoalistohaveanexhibitionabroad.5.Iamexcitedaboutmyvisittohisexhibition.6.Hisworksareamazing.ArtexhibitionsHaveyouevervisitedanartexhibition?Postersofartexhibitions⑤Readthecommentsandanswerthequestions.Payattentiontothecompoundadjectivesinbold.1Whatistheexhibitionabout?Whatartworksmightyouseeinit?Theexhibitionisaboutabstractart.WecanseeStormandSuperhighwayinit.2Whichcommentmakesthegreatestimpressiononyou?Giveyourreasons.3Doyouwanttogotothisexhibitionafterreadingthecomments?Whyorwhynot?InEnglish,youcancreatecompoundadjectivesbyjoiningtwoormorewordstogether.Youcanguessthemeaningofcompoundadjectivesbylookingattheindividualwordsthatmakethemup.Youcaneventrycreatingyourowncompoundadjectives!⑥MatchthecompoundadjectivesinActivity5totheirmeanings.Thinkofotherwordsandexpressionsthatcanexpressthesamemeanings.1.____________:extremelyimpressivesoastotakesomeone'sbreathaway2.____________:knownbyalotofpeople3.____________:makingyoufeelgreatrespectandadmiration,andsometimesfear4.____________:verygoodatdoingsomething5.____________:innovative,usingnewmethodsorachievingnewresults6.____________:veryexpensivebreathtakingwell-knownawe-inspiringhighly-skilledground-breakingover-pricedThinkofmorecompoundadjectivestodescribeanartexhibitionoranartwork.⑦Readthepassageandanswerthequestions.Sincetheearliestcavepaintings,humanshavebeenexhibitingartonwalls.Therehasalwaysbeenaconnectionbetweenartistsandtheirworks,their

pointsofview,andtheviewers.Bringingartworkstogetherintoanexhibitionenablesallofustoexperiencetheworks,torespondto,toenjoyandtoconnectwiththem.Artexhibitionscanhavemanythemes,suchasahistoricalperiod,alocationoratrend.Ofthemall,oneeverlastingsourceofinspirationiswarandpeace.Countlessartistshavebeenprotestingwarsandpromotingpeaceviatheirworks,includingSpanishartistPabloPicassoandChineseartistFengZikai,tonamejustacouple.WhatelsedoyouknowaboutPabloPicassoandFengZikai?Whatotherartistsarefamousforrepresentingwarandpeace?Whataretheirbest-knownartworks?PabloPicasso（1881-1973PabloPicassoisthefounderofmodernart,themainrepresentativeofWesternmodernpainting,andthemostcreativeandinfluentialartistinthecontemporaryWest.Heisoneofthegreatestartistictalentsinthe20thcentury.Essayist,painter,writer,artandmusiceducatoriswidelyrecognizedas

the"father"ofChinesecomicshisessayalsohasagreatinfluenceonthenewhistoryofChineseliteratureFengZikai

(1898—1975)

ArtistChenJian（陳堅(jiān)）workedonfor10years,depictsthesolemnsceneofJapan'ssurrenderaftertheWarofResistanceagainstJapaneseAggression.阿·普拉斯托夫《法西斯飛機(jī)飛過》oneofthemostimportantRussiansocialistrealistpainters.⑧Listentotheaudioguideandfindoutthemainmessageofeachartwork.GuernicabyPabloPicassoTheBattlefieldinSpringbyFengZikaiGuernica—Picassotragedyofwarthepeople’sfearPicasso’sangertowarsthefightingTheBattlefieldinSpring—FengZikaioptimisticmessagefeelthestrongspiritandhope⑨