單元綜合檢測(cè)(二)(時(shí)間：100分鐘；滿分：120分)Ⅰ.閱讀理解(共10小題；每小題2.5分，滿分25分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳答案。AWhenyou'reonthego，yourbestfriendandresourcecanbeyourphone.Intheageofsmartphones，appsarelikeguidingstars：Theycanpointyouintherightdirectionforahotel，listexpenses，sendpostcards，andmuchmore.Whenusedtogether，theseappscanbethebasictraveltool，placingawealthofinformationatyourfingertipsnomatterwhereyouareontheplanet.U.S.NewsTravelhaspickedtheessentialtravelapps，knownfortheirutilityandreliability.Bestofall，theycostabsolutelynothing.TripItYourPersonalTravelAgentBeyourowntravelagentandplaneverydetailofyourtrip—fromcarrentaltoaccommodatingrestaurants—withTripIt.Youcanmaketravelschedulebyhand，orsimplyforwardtheemailconfirmationsofyourflight，rentalcar，traintickets，andhotelstoplans.WeatherFreeYourGo-ToMeteorologist(氣象學(xué)者)Stoptryingtoexplaintheweatherforecastontheeveningnews(particularlywhenit'sinaforeignlanguage)．TheWeatherFreeappinformsyou(inEnglish)oftheclimateinvariouslocations.Itfeaturesthelocalweather，andotherkeyfactorsthatwillinformyourdecisionaboutwhattowearbeforesteppingoutside.GobyYourEventGuruWhenyou'reinaforeigncity，yousometimeslookaroundandask：Whereareallthepeople?Gobyhastheanswer.Thisapppinpointstheneighborhoodhotspots(includingmuseums，hotels，eateries，andmore)inyourneighborhood.Butitstruevaluecomesinfindingnearbyevents.You'lldiscoverconcerts，plays，andmorerightaroundthecorner.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文主要推薦了幾款實(shí)用的旅游應(yīng)用軟件。1．WhatistheadvantageofusingtravelappspickedbytheU．S.NewsTravel?A．Theycansolveanyproblemyoucomeacross.B．Theyreduceyourtravelbudget.C．Theyexerciseyourfingertips.D．Theyarereliableandfreeofcharge.D[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句可知，這些軟件可靠性強(qiáng)，而且免費(fèi)。故D項(xiàng)正確。]2．Withthehelpofthetravelappsusedtogether，travelerscandothefollowingthingsEXCEPT．A．rentacarB．decidewhattowearC．lookforafriendwhiletravelingD．findthenearbymuseumsC[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TripIt部分中的“fromcarrentaltoaccommodatingrestaurants”可排除A項(xiàng)；根據(jù)WeatherFree部分中的“informyourdecisionaboutwhattowear”可排除B項(xiàng)；根據(jù)Goby部分中的“Thisapppinpointstheneighborhoodhotspots(includingmuseums...)”可排除D項(xiàng)。C項(xiàng)文中沒有提及。故選C項(xiàng)。]3．Wherearethereaderslikelytoreadthepassageabove?A．Inageographytextbook.B．Inascienceandtechnologymagazine.C．Onapopularwebsite.D．Inabusinessreport.C[文章出處題。本文主要向讀者推薦了幾款實(shí)用的旅游應(yīng)用軟件，因此這篇文章最有可能出現(xiàn)在一個(gè)受歡迎的網(wǎng)站上。故C項(xiàng)正確。]BAftertheheavyrainpasses，amanatacompanythatliesontheriverbankarrivesforwork.Atthewater'sedge，henoticesababybeaver(海貍)ballsupontheground.Realizingthattheanimalneedshelp，themanpickshimupanddrivestoanearbyanimalhospital.FromherethebeaverissenttotheCalgaryWildlifeRehabilitationSociety(CWRS)，wherehewillbeginhisrecovery.Vetscheckthebeaver—nownamedBirch—forwoundsorbrokenbones.Luckilytheyfindnoinjuries.“Buthe'sareallittleanimal—onlythreeandahalfpounds，”saysAndreaHunt，aworkerattherehabcenter.Accordingtohisweight，theythinkthatBirchisabouteightweeksold.“Babybeaversstaywiththeirfamiliesforonetotwoyears，”Huntsays.“He'snotreadytocareforhimself.Ifhehadn'tbeensaved，healmostcertainlywouldn'thavesurvived.”TokeepBirchfromgettinglonely，HuntpairshimwithanotherbabybeavernamedAspen.Atfirstthey'refedamilkycereal.Afewweekslater，BirchandAspenbeginadiet(飲食)ofsolidfoodthatincludesleafykaleandcollardgreens.Woodisalsoonthemenu.Forexercise，eachbeaverreceivesitsownpooltoswimin.Aboutayearlater，Birchweighs27pounds.“Notonlyishehealthy，buthe'salsolearnedgoodsurvivalskills，”Huntsays.“It'stimetolethimgo.”EarlyonemorningthebeaverisdrivenintoaCanadianforesttobesetfree.Birchiscarriedinacagetothebankofalake.Whenthedooropens，hecarefullystepsout，thenjumpsintothewaterandswimsaway.“We'llmissBirch，”Huntsays.“Butnothingfeelsbetterthanputtingananimalbackwhereitshouldbe.”【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是記敘文。文章主要講述了一只小海貍遇險(xiǎn)獲救并最終被回歸大自然的故事。4．Onhiswaytowork，theman．A．getscaughtinheavyrainB．savesalittleyounganimalC．isdriventoahospitalD．sendsabeaverhomeB[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的“themanpickshimupanddrivestoanearbyanimalhospital”和第二段中的“Ifhehadn'tbeensaved，healmostcertainlywouldn'thavesurvived.”可知，那位男子在上班途中救了小海貍一命，故選B項(xiàng)。]5．AccordingtoParagraph2，Birch．A．movestotherehabcenterwithHuntB．loseshisparentswhenheisbornC．istooyoungtocareforhimselfD．breakshisbonesinanaccidentC[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)該段中的“theythinkthatBirchisabouteightweeksold...He'snotreadytocareforhimself.”可知，Birch太小還不會(huì)照顧自己，故選C項(xiàng)。]6．WhichofthefollowingmayAndreaHuntagreewith?A．Ifyoulovehim，staywithhimforever.B．Itisdangeroustogetclosetoanimals.C．Justkeepabeaverasyourpet.D．Saveanimals，savetheworld.D[推理判斷題。根據(jù)AndreaHunt幫助小海貍康復(fù)并將其放回大自然的故事及她在最后一段所說(shuō)的Butnothingfeels...shouldbe可知，AndreaHunt會(huì)同意D項(xiàng)說(shuō)法。]7．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．Birch：aluckybeaverB．Aspen：aspecialfriendC．AndreaHunt：askilledworkerD．TheCWRS：hometoinjuredanimalsA[標(biāo)題歸納題。本文主要講述了一只小海貍遇險(xiǎn)獲救并最終被放歸大自然的故事，故用A項(xiàng)作為標(biāo)題最恰當(dāng)。]CTherewillbemoreplasticthanfishintheworld'soceansby2050.ThatiswhatanewreportfromtheWorldEconomicForumandEllenMacArthurFoundationwarns.Ifthecurrenttrendcontinues，thereportsaid，oceanswillcontainonetonofplasticforeverythreetonsoffishin2025.By2050，plasticswillweighmorethanfish.Theproblemisthateachyearatleast8milliontonsofplasticsendupinoceansaroundtheworld.Thisisthesameasdumpingthecontentsofonegarbagetruckintotheoceaneveryminute.Notallplasticendsupintheoceanbecausesomeonethrowsaplasticbottleintothewater.Plasticcontainersandothertrashthrownontostreetsandsidewalksoftenaresweptintooceans.Unlikeothertypesoftrashintheocean，theplasticneverbio-degrades.Thereisawaytoslowtheamountofplasticsgoingintotheoceans—peoplecanrecyclemore.Currentlyonlyabout14percentofplasticsarerecycled.ResearchinEuropeshowsasmuchas53percentofplasticscouldberecycledusingavailabletechnology.Thereportsaysthatanothersolutionisusinglessplasticforpackagingproducts.Butthatisnotlikelytohappen.“Givenplasticpackaging'smanybenefits，boththepossibilityanddesirabilityofasharpreductioninthevolumeofplasticpackagingusedisclearlylow，”thereportsaid.Buttheauthorsnotereducingtheuseofplasticsshouldbetried“wherepossible”．Fordecades，scientistswarnedthatplasticsarekillingfish.Researchshowsthatfisharedyingfromchokingaftereatingplastics.“Anothercauseofdeathisthatplasticscauseintestinalblockageandstarvation，”theenvironmentalgroupsaid.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】到2050年全球海洋中的塑料數(shù)量將超過(guò)魚的數(shù)量。本文主要介紹了塑料垃圾對(duì)人類和魚類造成的危害以及研究人員提出的一些處理建議。8．WhyisthegarbagetruckmentionedinParagraph1?A．Toexplainhowplasticsendupintheocean.B．Towarnpeopleagainsttheoceanpollution.C．Toclarifytheseriousnessoftheproblem.D．Topointoutsomedetailsofthereport.C[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段尤其是第一段倒數(shù)第二句可知，海洋里每年的塑料廢物多達(dá)八百萬(wàn)噸。所以作者用這種直觀細(xì)化的方法來(lái)闡述海洋塑料垃圾問(wèn)題的嚴(yán)重性。故C項(xiàng)正確。]9．Whyisplasticmoreharmfulthanothertypesoftrash?A．Becausethereistoomuchofit.B．Becauseitpoisonstheoceanwater.C．Becauseitisfromdifferentsources.D．Becauseitneverbreaksdown.D[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第三句可知，塑料垃圾比其他垃圾危害更大是因?yàn)樗鼈儾豢山到狻９蔇項(xiàng)正確。]10．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetothesuggestedsolutions?A．Pessimistic. B．Hopeful.C．Interested. D．Convinced.A[觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第二段中最后五句可知，塑料的循環(huán)使用比例較低，而減少商品的塑料包裝也不太可能，由此可知作者對(duì)所提的建議持悲觀態(tài)度。故A項(xiàng)正確。]Ⅱ.閱讀七選五(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Seenfromspace，theearthisapalebluedot.11Butmostofthatwater—around97%—issalty.Ofthe3%thatisfreshwaterwhichismanneedstodrink，wash，makethingsandproducefood.Inshort，usefulwateristoolittle，whiletheuselesskindistoomuch.Sowhyistheseasalty?Thesaltintheoceanmostlygotthereastheresultofaprocesscalledweathering(侵蝕)，whichtakesmineralsaltsfromrocksonlandintothesea.12Itcontainssmallamountsofcarbondioxideabsorbedfromtheair.Thismakesrainwaterveryslightlyacidic(酸性的)．Whenrainwaterfallsonland，somemineralsmeltfromrocksintothewater，separatingintochargedparticlescalledions(離子)．Theseionsthentravelalongwiththewaterintostreams，riversandeventuallyintotheocean.Manyofthesemineralionsareremovedfromtheseawaterbyseaplantsandanimals，butothersremaininthewater.Over90%oftheionsinseawater，accountingforabout3%oftheoceanbyweight，aresodiumandchlorineions.13Therefore，theseawaterissalty.14Itmakessomewetpartsoftheworldwetteranddrypartsdrier.Sodemandforfreshwaterwillincreaseinthecomingyears.Halftheworld'spopulationisexpectedtoliveinwater-stressedareasby2050.Betterwater-managementpoliciesandmorewater-efficientagriculturalpracticesareneeded.Improvementstodesalination(脫鹽)technologywouldhelptoo.15“Ifwecouldgetfreshwaterfromsaltwaterinacheaperway，”saidPresidentJohnF．Kennedyin1961，“thatwouldbeinthelonginterestofman.”A．Rainisnotpurewater.B．Climatechangecauses“globaldrying”．C．Two-thirdsofitssurfaceiscoveredbywater.D．Theyarethechemicalpartsofcommonsalt.E．Itcarrieswaterawaywhileleavingmineralsbehind.F．Thiswouldallowmankindtousesaltywatermoreconveniently.G．However，thesaltintheoceansbecomesmoreandmoreconcentrated.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文主要解釋了海水咸的原因。11．C[根據(jù)前面的theearthisapalebluedot和后面的Butmostofthatwater—around97%—issalty可知，C項(xiàng)“地球上三分之二的表面都被水所覆蓋”符合語(yǔ)境。]12．A[根據(jù)后面的carbondioxideabsorbedfromtheair和rainwater可知，雨水不是純凈水，而是攜帶了少量從空氣中吸收的二氧化碳；這使得雨水有非常輕微的酸性。]【易錯(cuò)分析】有些同學(xué)可能會(huì)誤選E。其依據(jù)是前面的takesmineralsalts，但E項(xiàng)的意思是“它把水帶走的同時(shí)留下礦物質(zhì)”，很顯然與下文語(yǔ)境不相符。13．D[根據(jù)前面的sodiumandchlorineions和后面的Therefore，theseawaterissalty可知，其九成為鈉離子和氯離子，此乃食鹽的化學(xué)成分，故海水是咸的。]14．B[根據(jù)后面的wetpartsoftheworldwetteranddrypartsdrier可知，氣候變化帶來(lái)的“全球干旱”，使得濕潤(rùn)的地方更濕潤(rùn)，干燥的地方更干燥，淡水短缺現(xiàn)象會(huì)進(jìn)一步惡化。]15．F[根據(jù)前面的Improvementstodesalination(脫鹽)technologywouldhelptoo和后面的getfreshwaterfromsaltwater可知，對(duì)海水淡化技術(shù)進(jìn)行改進(jìn)也十分有必要，這會(huì)讓人類能更方便地利用海水。]Ⅲ.完形填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Asailor(船員)inoneofChristopherColumbus'sthreeshipsiseagerly(渴望地)lookingforland.Inthesailor'seagernessto16land，hemakeshis17．Hethinksthatacloudonthehorizon(地平線)island.Thesailor，withgreatexcitement，callsout，“18！”Greatlyexcited，therestoftheship'ssailorsruntothesidequickly.They，too，19eagerlyoutatthehorizon.Theyare20atthethoughtofland.Theyhave21nothingbutaverylargeareaofwaterforweeks.Astheshipmovesforward，thesailor'smistakeismade22．The“l(fā)and”isnothingbutacloud.Whatdotheotherssaytothesailorwhomadethe23call？Whatdotheysaywhenitturnsoutthatthe“l(fā)and”wasonlyamovingcloud？Thesailorsmakea24．Theysay，“Youjustsawthedirtunderthecooking25！”Theresponse(答復(fù))maynotseem26atalltoday，butitwasahumorousresponsetothelivingconditionson27longago.WhenColumbus28fromSpaininAugust1492acrosstheAtlanticOcean，hetraveledinthreesmall，woodenships.Thelivingconditionswere29．Mostofthesailorssleptfully-clothedunderthestarsontheharddecks(甲板)．Therewerenobathrooms，30therewasnota31．Foodhadtobe32ontheopendeckatriskof33thewoodenship.Topreventtheshipfromcatchingfire，thecookwouldalwaysspread34undertheplacewherethecookingwasdone.Theotherswouldjokewithasailorwhohadwrongly35hehaddiscoveredland.Andtheyusuallytoldhimthatwhathehadreallyseenwasthedirtspreadoutbythecookforpreventingfires!【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文主要講述的是一個(gè)笑話的來(lái)源：一名船員將天邊的云誤以為是陸地。16．A.discuss B．coverC．describe D．findD[根據(jù)上文的“l(fā)ookingforland”可知，那名船員渴望找到陸地。]17．A.trip B．mistakeC．promise D．decisionB[根據(jù)下文的“The‘land’isnothingbutacloud”可知，船員將天邊的云誤以為是陸地。下文的thesailor'smistake有所提示。]18．A.Cloud B．SeaC．Land D．SandC[根據(jù)上文的“Hethinksthatacloudonthehorizon(地平線)island.”可知，船員大呼“陸地”。]19．A.pick B．runC．look D．shoutC[其他船員也都紛紛跑到船邊，向遠(yuǎn)處的天邊望去。]20．A.happy B．proudC．calm D．patientA[根據(jù)上文的Greatlyexcited和下一句可知，船上的船員一想到陸地都很興奮、高興。]21．A.enjoyed B．builtC．seen D．usedC[幾個(gè)星期以來(lái)，船員除了大片的水域外沒見過(guò)其他東西。]22．A.known B．understoodC．a(chǎn)ttractive D．popularA[根據(jù)下文其他船員發(fā)現(xiàn)所謂的陸地其實(shí)是漂浮的云并開那名船員的玩笑可知，大家知道了那名誤把云朵當(dāng)作陸地的船員的錯(cuò)誤。]23．A.long B．wrongC．bad D．hardB[參見上題解析。]24．A.choice B．jokeC．study D．fightB[根據(jù)下文的Theotherswouldjokewithasailor可知，其他船員和那名船員開了一個(gè)玩笑。]25．A.book B．oilC．room D．fireD[根據(jù)下文的Topreventtheshipfromcatchingfire...undertheplacewherethecookingwasdone.可知，這句玩笑是：你只是看見了炊火下面的土。]26．A.strange B．clearC．friendly D．funnyD[but后面的itwasahumorousresponse與空處所在句構(gòu)成對(duì)比，由此可知，這個(gè)笑話可能現(xiàn)在聽上去不好笑。]27．A.ships B．planesC．islands D．farmsA[根據(jù)文中的ships和sailors可知，故事發(fā)生在船上。]28．A.swam B．sailedC．fell D．disappearedB[根據(jù)下文的hetraveledinthreesmall，woodenships可知，哥倫布是從西班牙經(jīng)大西洋航行。]29．A.common B．dangerousC．difficult D．comfortableC[根據(jù)下文描寫船員在甲板上和衣而睡以及缺乏一定的必要設(shè)施可知，船上的生活條件很艱苦。]30．A.but B．a(chǎn)ndC．a(chǎn)s D．soB[Therewereno與therewasnot之間為并列關(guān)系。]31．A.radio B．bedC．fridge D．kitchenD[根據(jù)下文描寫在甲板上做飯可知，船上沒有廚房。]32．A.cooked B．frozenC．eaten D．providedA[根據(jù)下文的Topreventtheshipfromcatchingfire可知，船員冒著燒了木船的危險(xiǎn)在甲板上生火做飯。]33．A.hitting B．stoppingC．burning D．movingC[參見上題解析。]34．A.dirt B．waterC．food D．clothesA[根據(jù)文章最后一句的thedirtspreadoutbythecookforpreventingfires可知，廚師在灶火下鋪土以防木船被燒毀。]35．A.written B．believedC．remembered D．heardB[那名船員誤以為自己發(fā)現(xiàn)了陸地。]Ⅳ.語(yǔ)法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ThesurprisepartyisverypopularinAmerica.MostpeopleinAmericathink36.isveryexcitingtohavesurprisepartiesfortheirgoodfriendsorfamilymembers.Itisquiteeasy37.(plan)asurprisepartywhenone'sbirthdayiscoming.Doyouwanttoknow38.asurprisepartyislike?Lookatthefollowingexample.It'snight.Bob'swifeaskshimtogodownstairstothekitchenandbringher39.glassofmilk.Bobwalkstothekitchenandpushesthedooropen.There'snosound40.lightthere.Suddenlyhehearsastrangesoundandthenseesabear41.(stand)infrontofhim!Bobisveryscaredandfallsbackwards.Thebeartakesoffhiscostume.It'sBob'sfriendCharles!There42.(be)alsoseveralpeoplebehindCharles，includinghiswife.AllofthemsaytoBob，“Surprise!Whoo！”Bobis43.(puzzle)，andhedoesnotknowwhatitisuntilhisfriendssay“happybirthday”tohim.Infact，thesurprisepartyhasmanykindsof44.(form)．Asuccessfulsurprisepartyalwaysmakespeoplefeelsurprisedandexcited.Everyoneenjoys45.(they)attheparty.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文主要介紹了在美國(guó)非常流行的“驚喜派對(duì)”。36．it[此處應(yīng)用it作形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是后面的動(dòng)詞不定式。]37．toplan[固定句型Itiseasytodosth.做某事是容易的。]38．what[在賓語(yǔ)從句中作like的賓語(yǔ)，表示“什么樣子”，故用what。]39．a(chǎn)[泛指“一杯牛奶”，用不定冠詞a。]40．or[所用詞連接兩個(gè)并列成分，在否定句中用or。]41．standing[固定表達(dá)see...doingsth.看見……正在做某事。]42．a(chǎn)re[此處應(yīng)與全文時(shí)態(tài)一致，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與主語(yǔ)severalpeople一致，故要用are。]43．puzzled[作表語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明人的感受，故要用puzzled。]44．forms[此處form是可數(shù)名詞，前有manykindsof修飾，故要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。]45．themselves[固定表達(dá)enjoyoneself玩得痛快。]Ⅴ.應(yīng)用文寫作(滿分15分)眾所周知，許多野生動(dòng)物面臨滅絕。請(qǐng)寫一篇有關(guān)保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物的文章。主要內(nèi)容：1．野生動(dòng)物瀕臨滅絕的原因；2．拯救措施。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3．書寫工整?！緟⒖挤段摹縈anywildanimalsareindangerofdyingout，becausetheenvironmenttheyarelivinginhaschangedgreatly.Forexample，withthedevelopmentofcities，theseriouspollutionaffectstheirlivingareas，whichhavebecomenarrowerandnarrower.Manyofthewildanimalsarefacingfoodcrisisnow.Atthesametime，maniskillingoffspeciesjustfortheirfur，skin，horns，teethandmeat.Toprotectwildanimals，first，peopleshouldraisetheprotectionawareness.Second，measuresofthefollowingshouldbetaken：pollutionstandardsaremadetokeepdownpoisonsintheair;killingwildanimalsisprohibited;nationalparksshouldbesetupaswildlifereserves.Onlywhenwetakesomemeasurescanwildanimalsbepreserved.Ⅵ.概要寫作(滿分25分)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。Asurveyofmorethan2，000peoplelivingintheUKhasfoundthatthosewithahigherIQaremorelikelytolivealongerlife.ResearchersanalyseddatafromtheScottishMentalSurveys—inwhichalmostevery11-year-oldinScotlandwasgiventhesameIQtestonthesamedayin1932—andtrackedtheparticipants'livesuptowhentheypassedaway.Evenwhenfactorssuchaseconomicstatusandemploymentlevelwereaccountedfor，thesmarterkidsendeduplivinglongerthanthosewithlowerIQs.TheseresultscorrelatetoseveralpreviousstudiesthathavefoundalinkbetweenIQandmortality(死亡率)whenotherfactorswerefilteredout.Wedon'tyetunderstandwhythisisthecase，buttherearesomeinterestinghypotheses(假設(shè))：on