Compulsory2Unit4ExploringliteratureⅠ.閱讀理解(2025·浙江杭州)FrankHerbert'ssciencefictionDunewasthefirstcoming-of-agestorythathelpedmesurvivemylonelyjuniorhighschool.Atage12,mylifewasthetiny,boringcycleofhome,schoolandmyparents'store.Dunecrackeditallopenandledmetoauniversethatmademylittleworldalotmorebearable.UnlikeHoldenCaulfieldwhokeptbreakingwindowsinTheCatcherintheRyebyJ.D.Sailingèr,Dune's

maincharacter,PaulAtreides,equippedmewithajunior-highsurvivalguide.Paulisnotaclassicunderdog.He'sthesonofaking.He'sbeentrainedsincebirthinwararts,politicsandcriticalsurvivalskillsbyagroupofsmartandexperiencedmenwithimpossible-to-pronouncenames.Butwhenhisworldisturnedupsidedown—whenheleaveshishome,loseshisfatherandentersaphysicallyandpoliticallyhostileenvironment—hedoesn'tcomplainandcry.Headapts.Tothisday,Icanstillrecitehiswordsagainstfear:“Imustnotfear.Fearisthemind-killer.Fearisthelittle-deaththatbringstotaldestruction.Iwillfacemyfear.Iwillpermitittopassovermeandthroughme.Andwhenithasgonepast,Iwillturntheinnereyetoseeitspath.Wherethefearhasgone,therewillbenothing.OnlyIwillremain.”Thesteadydietofliteraryfictionassignedbymyteacherswasescapist(逃避現(xiàn)實(shí)的)andtheveryactofreading(whateverthecontent)usuallytookmeoutofagivenmoment,butdidn'tprovidemuchadviceonhowtofacemydailyconflictsandpainfulinsecurity.Dunewasescapist,too.However,itwasexpansiveandliterallyredefinedpossibilityformewhohadbeenstrugglingalongwitheyesontheground,justtryingtomakeitthroughanotherdayofboredomandhardshipofbeingateenagegirl.PaulliftedmyeyesupsoIcouldseethestars.1.Whichcanbestexplaintheunderlinedword“hostile”inparagraph2?A.Sensitive. B.Unfriendly. C.Unbeneficial. D.Private.2.WhatdoesPaulimpresstheauthormost?A.Hissurvivalskills. B.Hisnoblebirth.C.Hiscouragetofacefear. D.Hisescapistattitude.3.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.TheplotofDunewasmorecomplicatedthanotherfictions.B.TheauthorlearnedmuchknowledgeofstarsfromDune.C.Paulhelpedtheauthorescapefromtherealworld.D.TheauthorchangedherattitudetowardslifeowingtoPaul.4.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheCatcherintheRyeShouldBeBannedB.TeenagersShouldNotReadLiteraryFictionsC.DuneBecameMyJunior-HighSurvivalGuideD.ScienceFictionIsBetterthanLiteraryFiction答案及解析：本文是一篇記敘文。文章中作者回顧了弗蘭克·赫伯特的科幻小說(shuō)《沙丘》曾對(duì)自己產(chǎn)生的影響。1.B詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線詞前文“Paulisnotaclassicunderdog.He'sthesonofaking…whenheleaveshishome,loseshisfather(保羅不是一個(gè)典型的小人物。他是國(guó)王的兒子。他從出生起就被一群聰明而有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的人訓(xùn)練，學(xué)習(xí)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)藝術(shù)、政治和關(guān)鍵的生存技能，這些人的名字都叫不出來(lái)。但當(dāng)他的世界被顛覆時(shí)——當(dāng)他離開(kāi)家，失去父親)”以及畫(huà)線詞之后“hedoesn'tcomplainandcry.Headapts(他沒(méi)有抱怨和哭泣。他適應(yīng))”可知，失去國(guó)王父親的蔭蔽后，保羅要直接面對(duì)一個(gè)完全不同的世界，而前文提到他所在的環(huán)境是很優(yōu)渥的，后文表示轉(zhuǎn)折，由此可推知畫(huà)線詞hostile的意思是“敵對(duì)的；不利的”，與unfriendly(不友好的)意思相近。故選B。2.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Tothisday,Icanstillrecitehiswordsagainstfear:‘Imustnotfear…OnlyIwillremain.’(直到今天，我還能背誦他那句對(duì)抗恐懼的話：‘我不能害怕?？謶质蔷駳⑹??？謶质菐?lái)徹底毀滅的小死亡。我要面對(duì)我的恐懼。我要讓它從我身上經(jīng)過(guò)，并穿過(guò)我。當(dāng)它過(guò)去的時(shí)候，我將轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)內(nèi)心的眼睛去看它的路徑?？謶窒У牡胤绞裁炊紱](méi)有。只有我會(huì)留下來(lái)?！?”可知，作者至今依舊記得保羅對(duì)抗恐懼的話語(yǔ)；由此可推斷，保羅面對(duì)恐懼的勇氣給作者留下了最深刻的印象。故選C。3.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Dunewasescapist,too.However,itwasexpansiveand…PaulliftedmyeyesupsoIcouldseethestars.(《沙丘》也是逃避現(xiàn)實(shí)的。然而，對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)，這是一種廣闊的、重新定義的可能性，我一直在掙扎，眼睛盯著地面，只是想度過(guò)少女無(wú)聊而艱辛的一天。保羅抬起我的眼睛，讓我能看到星星。)”可知，在讀這本書(shū)之前作者只想無(wú)聊和艱難地度過(guò)一天又一天，但是保羅讓作者看到了天上的星星；由此可知，由于保羅，作者改變了她對(duì)生活的態(tài)度。故選D。4.C標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)第一段“FrankHerbert'ssciencefictionDunewasthefirstcoming-of-agestory…equippedmewithajunior-highsurvivalguide.(弗蘭克·赫伯特的科幻小說(shuō)《沙丘》是第一個(gè)幫助我度過(guò)孤獨(dú)的初中生活的成長(zhǎng)故事。在我12歲的時(shí)候，我的生活就像一個(gè)又小又無(wú)聊的循環(huán)：家、學(xué)校和父母的商店?！渡城稹反蚱屏诉@一切，把我?guī)У搅艘粋€(gè)讓我的小世界變得更容易忍受的世界。與《麥田里的守望者》中的霍爾頓·考爾菲德不斷打破窗戶不同，《沙丘》中的主角保羅·厄崔迪給我提供了一本初中生存指南。)”以及縱觀全文可知，科幻小說(shuō)《沙丘》給作者提供了許多的生存技巧，所以C項(xiàng)“DuneBecameMyJunior-HighSurvivalGuide(《沙丘》成了我的初中生存指南)”是本文的最佳標(biāo)題。故選C。Ⅱ.七選五(2025·福建南平)JonFossewasbornonSeptember29,1959,Haugesund,Norway.Heisanauthorofnovels,plays,poems,children'sbooks,andessays.__1__HereceivedtheNobelPrizeforLiteraturein2023“forhisinnovativeplaysandprose(散文)whichgivevoicetotheunsayable”.FossegrewuponaruralfarmnearStrandebarm,Norway.Hestartedwritingatage12or13,firstcomposingsonglyrics(歌詞).__2__Thenhestartedtocreatepoems.In1979FossegraduatedfromhighschoolandmovedtoBergen,wherehebeganworkingforthenewspaperGula

Tidend.Throughoutthe1980shestudiedattheUniversityofBergen,receivinganM.A.incomparativeliteraturein1987.Duringthe1980s,Fossepublishedhisfirstnovels,namelyRed,Black

in1983andStringed

Guitar

in1985.Bothworksfeaturethesimplestyleofprose.__3__Bythistime,hehadbecomeaninstructorattheAcademyofWritinginHordaland.__4__Andheinitiallyrefusedtowriteplayswhenasked.Hegaveinin1992,however,whenheneededmoney.HestartedwritingthedialoguesforSomeone

Is

Going

to

Come

in1996andfoundittobesurprisinglyeasy.Manyplaysquicklyfollowed.Itwas,however,FrenchdirectorClaudeRégy's1999stagingofSomeone

Is

Going

to

Come

inParisthatledtoFosse'sbreakthroughinEurope.Followingthatsuccess,Fossefocusedprimarilyonwritingplays.Attheturnofthe21stcentury,productionsofhisplaysincludedA

Summer's

Day

andI

Am

the

Wind.Theformeroneisaboutawomanwhoanticipatesthereturnofherhusbandfromatripoutonhisboat.__5__A.Helaterjoinedaband.B.Fossebecameworld-famous.C.Fosseneverplannedtobecomeadramatist.D.Healsoworksasaninstructorandatranslator.E.Healsoreleasedhisfirstcollectionofpoemsin1986.F.Hehadtoearnmoneybywritingnovelsaftermarriage.G.Thelatterfocusesontwomenexperiencinganexistentialcrisisinafishingboat.答案及解析：本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)獲得者約恩·福瑟。1.D本句和上一句介紹約恩·福瑟的身份。上文“Heisanauthorofnovels,plays,poems,children'sbooks,andessays.(他著有小說(shuō)，戲劇、詩(shī)歌、兒童讀物和散文。)”講述了他是哪類作品的作者。D項(xiàng)“Healsoworksasaninstructorandatranslator.(他還擔(dān)任講師和翻譯。)”介紹他的其他身份。故選D。2.A根據(jù)上文“Hestartedwritingatage12or13,firstcomposingsonglyrics(歌詞).(他從12或13歲開(kāi)始寫(xiě)作，首先創(chuàng)作歌詞。)”可推斷，空格處內(nèi)容與寫(xiě)歌詞有關(guān)，所以A項(xiàng)“Helaterjoinedaband.(后來(lái)他加入了一個(gè)樂(lè)隊(duì)。)”符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。3.E本段介紹他在20世紀(jì)80年代發(fā)表的作品。根據(jù)上文“Duringthe1980s,Fossepublishedhisfirstnovels,namelyRed,

Blackin1983andStringedGuitarin1985.(在20世紀(jì)80年代，福瑟出版了他最早的小說(shuō)，分別是1983年的《紅、黑》和1985年的《上鎖的吉他》。)”可知，介紹了福瑟1983年和1985年出版小說(shuō)，根據(jù)下文的“Bythistime”可知，空格處出現(xiàn)了時(shí)間。E項(xiàng)“Healsoreleasedhisfirstcollectionofpoemsin1986.(1986年，他還出版了他的第一本詩(shī)集。)”中in1986與下文銜接連貫。故選E。4.C根據(jù)下文“Andheinitiallyrefusedtowriteplayswhenasked.Hegaveinin1992,however,whenheneededmoney.HestartedwritingthedialoguesforSomeoneIsGoingtoComein1996andfoundittobesurprisinglyeasy.(起初，他拒絕接受寫(xiě)劇本的要求。然而，1992年，當(dāng)他需要錢時(shí)，他讓步了。1996年，他開(kāi)始為《有人將至》寫(xiě)臺(tái)詞，并發(fā)現(xiàn)它出奇地容易。)”可知，空格處內(nèi)容應(yīng)指出寫(xiě)劇本的情況。C項(xiàng)“Fosseneverplannedtobecomeadramatist.(福瑟從未打算成為一名劇作家。)”中的dramatist與下文的writeplays和startedwritingthedialogues在內(nèi)容上相關(guān)。故選C。5.G根據(jù)上文“Followingthatsuccess,Fossefocusedprimarilyonwritingplays…anticipatesthereturnofherhusbandfromatripoutonhisboat.(那次成功之后，福瑟主要專注于劇本創(chuàng)作。在21世紀(jì)之交，他的戲劇作品包括《一個(gè)夏日》和《我是風(fēng)》。前者講的是一個(gè)女人期待丈夫乘船外出旅行歸來(lái)的故事。)”可知，提到兩部作品《一個(gè)夏日》和《我是風(fēng)》；并且解釋了前一個(gè)作品的內(nèi)容，由此可知，空格處解釋后一個(gè)作品的內(nèi)容。所以G項(xiàng)“Thelatterfocusesontwomenexperiencinganexistentialcrisisinafishingboat.(后者聚焦于兩名在漁船上經(jīng)歷生存危機(jī)的男子。)”符合語(yǔ)境。Theformer與Thelatter相呼應(yīng)。故選G。Ⅲ.讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)

閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。(2025·安徽聯(lián)考)ACheatingIncidentRajlookedintotheteacher'sstonyfaceassheraisedaneyebrow.Withhisforeheadbathedinsweat,heattemptedtohidethebookbeneathhisdesk,butinvain.Thewatchfulteacherhadalreadycaughtsightofhisbehavior.Sheswiftlysnatchedthebookawayandorderedhimtostandtillthetimewasup,aperiodthatseemedtostretchendlessly.ToRaj'sregretanddisappointment,hehadforgottentostudyfortheimportantquiz.ItwasCAI,thecrucialstageofhisacademicyear,andRajwashavinghisSciencepaper.Heclosedhiseyesashetriedtorecall.Then,itdawnedonhim.Aweekearlier,hisScienceteacherhadclearlyinformedtheclass,“Nextweek,we'llbehavingaquizfocusingonInteractionsandMatter.Makesureyoustudythesetopicsthoroughly.”Rajblamedhimselfforlettingsuchvitalinformationsliphismindamongthechaosofdailyschoollife.Withtheclockticking,hewasbrieflyglancingthroughthepagesofhistextbook,desperatelytryingtoabsorbanylast-minuteknowledgebeforethequizbegan.However,justashewasdoingso,theteacherseverelyinstructedeveryonetopackawayeverythingexcepttheirpencilcases.Rajletoutalowsigh,despairsettlingheavilyinhischest.Astheteacherhandedoutthepapers,hefeltnervousandhishandsgrewicyandslickwithsweat,showinghisanxiety.Dropsofsweatstoodoutonhisforeheadashetriedtofocus.Thoughtsofbeingafailureranthroughhismind.Hemovedhisbodyfromsidetosideinhisseatashethoughtofthenoteshehadsecretlyhiddeninhispencilcase.Finally,theteacherannounced,“Class,thetimeis10:00a.m.Wewillstopat11:00a.m.sharp.Youmaybegin,now.”Thenoiseofflurryingpaperswasheardasstudentsattentivelyturnedtothefirstpage.Rajrapidlyfilledoutthemultiple-choicesectionwithoutmuchconsideration,hisheartpoundingfasterwitheachtickoftheclock.注意：續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個(gè)左右。Whenhecametotheopen-endedquestions,hesigheddesperatelyfromthebottomofhisheart.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Oncethetimewasup,theteachertookhimtotheheadmaster'soffice.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Onepossibleversion：Whenhecametotheopen-endedquestions,hesigheddesperatelyfromthebottomofhisheart.Theywerehisweakpoint.Castingsecretglancesaroundhim,hedishone