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thePassiveVoice

（被動語態(tài)）princessHi,Everyone!WecalltheprincessLaura.TheprincessiscalledLaura.ActivevoicePassivevoiceThelightswereturnedoffbyTom.Thewindowsarecleanedeveryweek.Millie’sclosedthedoor.TheTVwasturnedon.Theboymadeamodelplane.Atotal(總數(shù))of8questionsareanswered.orActivePassivePassivePassiveActivePassiveActivePassive一：英語的謂語動詞有兩種語態(tài)WespeakEnglish.主語謂語(vt.)賓語Englishisspokenbyus.主語謂語賓語主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者，被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者。

漢語中常用“被”、“給”、“由”、“受”等詞用來表示英語用：助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞構(gòu)成。

Readtext-2

Whencanweusethepassivevoice?不知道動作的執(zhí)行者是誰，或沒有必要指出動作的執(zhí)行者時。

Mybikewasstolenlastnight.

昨晚我的自行車被偷了。Lettersarecollectedateighteverymorning.

信件每天早晨八點收取。ThedeskwasmadebyMasterWang.

這張課桌是王師傅做的。

Thebagwastakenawaybyhissister.

那個包是她姐姐提走的。2.為了強調(diào)或突出動作的承受者時。

1.

We

clean

theclassroomeveryday.

Theclassroom

iscleanedbyuseveryday.

2.

They

make

shoesinthatfactory.

Shoesaremadeby

theminthatfactory.

3.People

planttreesinSpring.

Trees

areplantedby

peopleinSpring.

4.Hismotherusuallywashes

dishesafterdinner.

Dishesareusuallywashedby

hismotherafterdinner.5.Moreandmorepeople

speak

Chineseintheworld.

Chinese

isspokenby

moreandmorepeopleintheworld.二、被動語態(tài)的時態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化

主要體現(xiàn)在be的變化上，其形式與系動詞be的變化形式完全一樣。以give為例，列表如下：一般現(xiàn)在時： 一般過去時： 一般將來時：

一般過去將來時：

現(xiàn)在進行時： 過去進行時： 現(xiàn)在完成時：

過去完成時:

將來完成時：

過去將來完成時：

am/is/are+donewas/were+done

shall/will+bedone(is/aregoingtobedone)should/would+bedone

am/is/are+being+done

was/were+being+done

have/has+been+done

had+been+done

shall/will+havebeen+done

should/would+havebeen+done

三、常見時態(tài)中的被動語態(tài)1.一般現(xiàn)在時：

(1)Peoplegrowriceinthesouthofthecountry.

Riceisgrowninthesouthofthecountry.

(2)Theschooldoesn'tallowustoenterthelibrarywithoutateacher.

Wearenotallowedtoenterthelibrarywithoutateacher.2.一般過去時：

(1)Mycousinboughtabookyesterday.

Thebookwasboughtbymycousinyesterday.(2)Shedesignedthefashionclothes.

Thefashionclothesweredesignedbyher.(3)Theydidn’tspeakEnglishafterclassEnglishwasn’tspokenbythemafterclass.3.一般將來時：

(1)Herparentswillsendherabroad.

Shewillbesentabroadbyherparents.(2)Wearegoingtoholdasportsmeetingtomorrow.

Asportsmeeting

isgoingtobehold

tomorrow.4.現(xiàn)在進行時：

(1)Theyaredoingtheirhomeworkonthecomputernow.

Theirhomeworkisbeingdoneonthecomputernow.(2)Wearepaintingtherooms.

Theroomsarebeingpaintedbyus.5.過去進行時：

(1)Theworkersweremendingtheroadat7yesterday.

Theroadwasbeingmendedat7yesterday.(2)Thistimelastyearwewereplantingtreeshere.

Treeswerebeingplantedherethistimelastyear.

6.現(xiàn)在完成時：

(1)Someonehastoldmethesportsmeetingmightbeputoff.

Ihavebeentoldthesportsmeetingmightbeputoff.(2)Hehasbroughthisbookhere.

Hisbookhasbeenbrought

here.四、含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)是由“情態(tài)動詞+be+及物動詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成。結(jié)構(gòu)：can/may/must/should+be+p.p

(1)Youmusthandinyourarticlesafterclass.

Yourarticlesmustbehandedinafterclass.(2)Hecanwritemanyletterswiththecomputer.

Manyletterscanbewrittenwiththecomputerbyhim.1.Someonemusttakecareofthechildrenwhenwegoout.Thechildrenmustbetakencareofwhenwegoout.2.Youshoulddoyourworkinanhour.

Yourworkshouldbedoneinanhour.3.Weshalldiscusstheproblemattomorrow’smeeting.

Theproblemshallbediscussedattomorrow’smeeting.1).不及物動詞(或者詞組)沒有被動語態(tài)。

如：belongto,happen,takeplace,last,cometrue,die,arrive,等。

*Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthiscity.

*Thatbikedoesn’tbelongtoMike.

五、不用被動語態(tài)的幾種情況：不用被動語態(tài)的幾種情況：2)表示靜態(tài)的及物動詞不用被動語態(tài)have/fit/ownIhaveaTVset.Thecoatfitsmewell.【正】Lookattheblackboard，please．【誤】Theblackboardislookedatbyyou．3）祈使句一般沒有被動語態(tài)。4)反身代詞在句中作賓語時，不能用被動語態(tài)。【正】Youmustlookafteryourself．【誤】Yourselfmustbelookedafter

不用被動語態(tài)的幾種情況：主動形式表被動意義①感官系動詞沒有被動語態(tài)feel，look,seem,taste,sound,smell等這魚味道很好。Thefish

tastes

good.這條圍巾摸上去很軟。Thescarf

feels

soft.這書很好賣。這種布很好洗。Thebook

sells

well.Thiskindofcloth

washesverywell.這書賣完了。Thebook

issold

out.

②有些動詞既是及物又是不及物動詞，用作不及物動詞時和well,badly,easily等副詞連用，表示主語內(nèi)在品質(zhì)或性能。如：write,grow,print,sell,wash等Thehouseneeds

cleaning.房子需要打掃了。Thehouseneedsto

becleaned.

③在need,want,等少數(shù)表示“需要”的動詞六、幾種值得注意的被動語態(tài)變化．１帶復(fù)合賓語的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)．（S+V+O+OC）（１）makesb.dosth.

sb.bemadetodosth.MrGreen

made

Jim

do

hishomeworkathome.Jim

wasmadetodo

hishomework

byMrGreen

athome.(2)seesb.dosb.beseentodoIoftenseehimplayfootball.Heisoftenseentoplayfootball.（3）Weoftenhear

themsingthissong.Theyareoftenheardtosingthissong(byus).一感feel(Vt.)二聽hear/listento三讓let/make/have四看see/watch/lookat/notice等變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)市，必須加上to.makesbdoseesbdohearsbdoletsbdowatchsbdo主動被動sbbemadetodosbbeenseentodosbbeheardtodosbbelettodosbbewatchedtodoBob

sent

Kate

aletterlastyear.=Kate

wassent

aletter

byBoblastyear.=Aletter

wassent

toKate

byBoblastyear.2.雙賓語結(jié)構(gòu)的被動語態(tài)（SVIODO）1.Iwasgivenabookbyhim.He

gave

me

abook.(變被動）主語謂語間賓直賓2.Abookwasgiventomebyhim.Mummademeanewdress.(改被動)Iwasmade

anewdressbyMum.Anewdresswasmade

formebyMum.Mymother

bought

me

abirthdaycake.

主語謂語間賓直賓1.Iwasboughtabirthdaycakebymymother.2.Abirthdaycakewasbought

forme

bymymother.Theysaid

thathewouldcomebacksoon.Itwassaid

thathewouldcomebacksoon.3.Itisreported/據(jù)報道

believed/人們相信

hoped/人們希望

saidthat......據(jù)說……4.WholockedthedoorlastWednesday?Bywhom

wasthedoorlockedlastWednesday?1.Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings.Knives____________forcuttingthings.2.Thestudentscleanthewindowsoftheirclassroomtwiceamonth.Thewindowsoftheirclassroom_____________twiceamonth.areusedarecleaned(變被動語態(tài)）3.Ifoundtheticketonthefloor.________________________onthe

floor.4.Itoldhertoreturnthebookintime.She_____________toreturnthebook

intime.Theticketwasfoundwastold3.Wefoundtheticketonthefloor.5.Hisdoctormadehimhaveonlytwomealsaday.He___________________________onlytwomealsaday.6.Nowpeoplecanusecomputerstohelpthem.Nowcomputers___________________tohelpthem.wasmadetohavecanbeused7.Didyouplantmanytreesatthistimelastyear?___________________________atthistimelasttime?8.Mustwefinishourworktoday?_______ourwork_____________today?WeremanytreesplantedMustbefinished9.Theforeignfriendsgaveussomewonderfulstamps.1)____________________somewonderfulstamps.2)Somewonderfulstamps_____________________________.weweregivenweregiventous10.TheteacheraskedTomtoturnonthecomputer.Tom_______________toturnonthecomputer.11.Inthisfactorywomendomostofthework.Mostofthework_______________bywomeninthisfactory.wasaskedisdone12.Hecanmendthebikeintwodays.Thebike___________________intwodays.13.Youmusttakethismedicinethreetimesaday.Thismedicine______________________threetimesaday.canbemendedmustbetaken14.ThestudentsinthisschoolstudyGerman.German_______________bythestudentsinthisschool.15.Dotheyoftentalkaboutthisquestion?______thisquestionoften_______about______________?isstudiedIstalkedbythemwasn’tinvitedaresoldbedonehavetakenwasbuiltbetaken1.--Whydidn’tyougotoJim’sbirthdayparty?--Oh.I______________(notinvite)

2.--Whatdoyouwant,sir?--Couldyoutellmeifcomputers___________(sell)inthisshop.

3.--Alotofthingsshould_________(do)toprotecttheenvironment.--Iagreewithyou..4.Greatchanges____________(take)placeinmyhometownsince1990.5.--When______thebridge______(build)?Doyouknow?--Twoyearsago.6.

----CanItakethemagazineoutofthereadingroom?----SorryMagazinesofthiskindcan’t_________(take)out.

1.Ifcitynoises____fromincreasing，people____shouttobeheardevenatdinner．

A．a(chǎn)renotkept；willhaveto

B．a(chǎn)renotkept；have

C．donotkeep；willhaveto

D．donotkeep；haveto

2.Thefifthgenerationcomputers,____now.

A.developedB.havedeveloped

C.arebeingdevelopedD.willhavebeendeveloped

3.---____thesportsmeetmightbeputoff．

---Yes，italldependsontheweather．

A．I'vebeentold

B．I'vetold

C．I'mtold

D．Itold

ACA4.Ineedonemorestampbeforemycollection___.

A.hascompleted

B.completes

C.hasbeencompleted

D.iscompleted

5.Rainforests___andburnedatsuchaspeedthattheywilldisappearfromtheearthinthenearfuture.

A.cut

B.arecut

C.arebeingcut

D.hadbeencut

6.Thenewbridge___bytheendoflastmonth.

A.hasbeendesi