主題素養(yǎng)練（十一）A卷(時(shí)間：30分鐘滿分：40分)Ⅰ.閱讀理解(共11小題，每小題2.5分，共27.5分)A(2025·武漢市部分學(xué)校高三年級(jí)調(diào)研考試)Hereisaselectionoftheworld'smostunusualbuildingsthatdefineaplacethroughinventivewaysofadaptingtolocalenvironments.ThefloatinghomesofLakeTiticacaMorethan500yearsago,thegrowingIncaEmpirebegantooccupytheUros'mainlandvillages.Toresistthisthreat,theUrosbegantobuildthefloatingislandswiththewater-resistantplantcalledtotora,whichgrowsinthelakeandisthelifebloodoftheUroscommunity.Theperfectdeserttown:GhadamesGhadamesisanimpressiveexampleofenvironmentalplanning.Thickwallstrapthesun'sheatduringtheday,andradiatethatheatbacktotheskyatnight.Bymorning,thewallshavecooledagain.Skillfuluseofavailablebuildingmaterialsachievesthemaximumcomfortwithminimalmeans.Spain'sfairy-talehousesKnownaspallozas,theroundhousesarebuiltfromjustahandfulofmaterials:stone,woodanddrygrass.Thickstonewallsdependingonwhatwasavailableintheareablockthecoldandconserveinternalheat.Inside,thepalloza'sfireplacesareessentialformaintainingaconstanttemperature,makingitenergy-efficient.TheHimalayas'ancientdesignThestructuresinHimachalPradeshwerebuiltbyanancienttechniqueknownaskathkuni.Woodandstonescreateafantasticbalance.Thewoodenframes(框架)lessenthestressontheopeningsduringanearthquake.Thickstonesholdthewholebuildingfirmlyinplace.Aboveall,piecesofwoodinterlocktogether,whichmakesthestructuresremarkablyflexible,allowingwallstomoveincaseofanearthquake.[語(yǔ)篇解讀]本文是說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了四個(gè)通過(guò)創(chuàng)新方式適應(yīng)當(dāng)?shù)丨h(huán)境的特色建筑。1．Whichstructurewasbuiltfordefendingresidentsagainstattackers?A．Thekathkunistructure.B．Thefloatingstructure.C．TheGhadamesstructure.D．Thepalloza'sstructure.B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“thegrowingIncaEmpirebegantooccupytheUros'mainlandvillages.Toresistthisthreat,theUrosbegantobuildthefloatingislands”可知，為了抵抗印加帝國(guó)的威脅，烏魯斯人開(kāi)始建造浮動(dòng)島嶼。故選B。題干中的“defendingresidentsagainsttheattackers”與文中的“Toresistthisthreat”是同義轉(zhuǎn)換。]2．WhatdothehousesinGhadamesandpallozashaveincommon?A．Theyaresustainable.B．Theymaximizeinternalheat.C．Theyarebuiltforluxuryliving.D．They'remadeofspecialmaterials.A[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的最后一句“Skillfuluseofavailablebuildingmaterialsachievesthemaximumcomfortwithminimalmeans”可知，Ghadames的房屋的建筑材料的巧妙使用實(shí)現(xiàn)了用最少的費(fèi)用達(dá)到最大的舒適度。根據(jù)第四段中的最后一句“Inside,thepalloza'sfireplacesareessentialformaintainingaconstanttemperature,makingitenergy-efficient”可知，palloza房屋內(nèi)的壁爐對(duì)保持恒溫必不可少，還使得住所節(jié)省能源。所以兩種建筑都利用了可持續(xù)的方法來(lái)提高舒適度。故選A。sustainable“可持續(xù)的”是對(duì)“achievesthemaximumcomfortwithminimalmeans”和“energy-efficient”的同義轉(zhuǎn)換和概括。]3．Whatmakeskathkunistructuresearthquake-resistant?A．Thestoneframes.B．Thenarrowopenings.C．Theflexiblewood.D．Aninterlockingsystem.D[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“Aboveall,piecesofwoodinterlocktogether,whichmakesthestructuresremarkablyflexible,allowingwallstomoveincaseofanearthquake”可知，木材聯(lián)鎖的系統(tǒng)使得結(jié)構(gòu)具有顯著的靈活性，允許墻壁在地震時(shí)移動(dòng)，從而提高了抗震能力。故選D。題干中的“earthquake-resistant”與原文中的“allowingwallstomoveincaseofanearthquake”是同義轉(zhuǎn)換。]B(2024·湖北省2025屆高三起點(diǎn)考試)BiancaMavrick'sfirstattemptinthejewelleryworldwasasanenterprising(有創(chuàng)業(yè)精神的)10-year-old,sellingseashellearringsattheClevelandMarkets.Nowthe28-year-oldhasherownstudioinMoorooka,inBrisbane'ssouth,andherhandmadedesignsenjoyworldwidepopularityamongfans.“It'samazingtobesellinginternationally.Whenyoudoacreativebusiness,you'regoingtohavetoworkhardanditwilltakeafewyearstogetofftheground,butit'sreallygrowingfastnow，”shesays.Biancaopenedheronlinestorein2014.Productionhappensinherstudio,withhelpfromonestaffmemberandsometimeshergrandmA．“Mygrandmaenjoyssittingwiththegirls.Sheactsasakindofqualitycontrollerandhelpswithpackingandputtingbarcodes(條形碼)onthings，”Biancasays.Biancalaughsassherecallslookingthroughhergrandma'spileofcostumejewelleryasachild.“ShehadanamazingcollectionandIwasallowedtohavesomeofthebrokenpiecesandfixthemuptosellalongsidetheshellearringsonmystand，”shesays.“MumandDadopenedanaccountformeandputtheprofitsaway.EventhenIknewIwantedtoworkwithjewellery.Allofmyhobbiesalwaysrelatedbacktomyjewellery.I'malwayslookingforinspiration,whetherI'mvisitinganartgalleryorlookingatfurnitureformyapartment.”NextmonthBiancawilljoinothertalentedQueenslandartistsanddesignerstoshowhercreationsattheMAYOArtsFestival,namedafterwell-knownAustraliansculptorDaphneMayo.“It'sreallyexcitingtobeapartofit，”shesays.“Itwillenablemetomeetmyclients,too,whichisalwaysgreatbecausehavinganonlinestoreIcan'tnormallygettodothat.Myclientslovetheuniquenatureofmydesigns,aswellasthefactthattheyarehandmade,notmass-produced.”[語(yǔ)篇解讀]本文是記敘文。文章主要講述了珠寶設(shè)計(jì)師BiancaMavrick創(chuàng)業(yè)成功的故事。4．WhatdoesBiancathinkofherbusiness?A．Ithadaterriblestart.B．Itisexpandingrapidly.C．Itleavesalottobedesired.D．Itaimsatforeignclients.B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Bianca說(shuō)的話可知，Bianca工作室的產(chǎn)品在全球銷(xiāo)售，雖然剛開(kāi)始時(shí)，她必須努力工作，且花費(fèi)了好幾年才取得進(jìn)展，但是工作室現(xiàn)在成長(zhǎng)很快。由此可知，Bianca認(rèn)為她的生意正在迅速擴(kuò)張，故選B。B項(xiàng)中的“expandingrapidly”和文中的“growingfast”是同義轉(zhuǎn)換。]5．WhatdoesBianca'sgrandmadoinherstudio?A．Shedesignsthebarcodes.B．Sheactsasaspokeswoman.C．Shemonitorsproductquality.D．Shehelpswithsalespromotion.C[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Sheactsasakindofqualitycontrollerandhelpswithpackingandputtingbarcodes(條形碼)onthings”可知，Bianca的奶奶主要負(fù)責(zé)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量把關(guān)和幫助打包及貼條形碼，故選C。C項(xiàng)中的“monitorsproductquality”與文中的“qualitycontroller”是同義轉(zhuǎn)換。]6．WhatmadeBiancadevotedtojewellery?A．Thechildhoodhobbiesandcollection.B．Thefamily'sinfluenceandsupport.C．Thehandsomeprofitsintheindustry.D．Theinspirationfromhersurroundings.B[推理判斷題。第三段講了Bianca的奶奶對(duì)其事業(yè)上的支持，以及童年時(shí)，她翻看奶奶成堆的人造珠寶飾物，并被允許修復(fù)其中的一些碎片，將它們和貝殼耳環(huán)一起出售的經(jīng)歷。此外，第三段還描述了Bianca的父母為她開(kāi)了一個(gè)賬戶，把賺到的錢(qián)存起來(lái)。由此可推知，Bianca家人的影響和支持促使她致力于珠寶行業(yè)。故選B。]7．WhyisBiancaexcitedtoattendthefestival?A．Heruniquedesignsarelikelytobecomeahit.B．Manyofherworkswillbecreatedonthespot.C．Thefestivalistobeheldbyafamoussculptor.D．Shecancommunicatewithherclientsinperson.D[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“Itwillenablemetomeetmyclients...becausehavinganonlinestoreIcan'tnormallygettodothat”可知，參加藝術(shù)節(jié)可以讓Bianca見(jiàn)到客戶，這是一件很令人興奮的事情，因?yàn)檎Ｇ闆r下，這是開(kāi)網(wǎng)店做不到的。故選D。]C(2025·福州市高三年級(jí)第一次質(zhì)量檢測(cè))Whenmyeditorsaskedmetoreportonforestbathing,Ipackedaswimsuit.Iassumeditmustinvolvegettinginthewater.Itturnsout,myinterpretationwastooliteral.Imetcertifiedforesttherapy(治療)guideMelanieChoukas-BradleyinanurbanforestinWashington,D．C.Here,Ibegantogetit.Forestbathingisn'tabathorahike.Wedidwalktheforesttrails,butwewanderedwithnoparticulardestinationinmind.Theaimofforestbathing,Choukas-Bradleyexplained,istoslowdownandthrowoneselfinthenaturalenvironment.Shehelpedusbeawareofthesmells,tastesandsightsoftheforest.Wetookinoursurroundingsbyusingalloursenses.Aswepassedthroughastandoftrees,wetouchedthetrunks.Wesmelledtheblackwalnuts,whichgiveoffalovelyfragrance(香氣).Wegotalittleshowerofripemulberries,too.“Closeyoureyesandjustbreathe，”Choukas-Bradleytoldus.AfterIopenedmyeyes,thegreenlookedalotgreener.AndIbegantoseethingsIhadn'tnoticedbefore.“Aforestguidehelpsusbehere,notthere，”saysAmosClifford,thefounderoftheAssociationofNatureandForestTherapy,theorganizationthatcertifiestheguides.Theysupportwhattheforestscouldofferus,invitingusintopracticesthatdeepenphysicalpresence,pleasure,andpartnershipwithnature.Whenweconnectwithnatureinthisway,weareconnectingwithourselves.Clifford'sgoalistoencouragehealthcareproviderstointegrateforesttherapyasastress-reductionstrategy.IntheUnitedStates,work-relatedstressaccountsforupto$190billioninhealthcarecostseachyear.“It'smyhopethatthehealthcaresystemwillincludeforesttherapyintotherangeofservices，”Cliffordsays.[語(yǔ)篇解讀]本文是說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了森林浴療法，即在專(zhuān)業(yè)的森林療養(yǎng)師的指導(dǎo)下，用心感受自然，從而減輕壓力，從中獲益。8．Whatisforestbathing?A．Ahikeupthemountain.B．Anadventureinthewoods.C．Aswiminopenwater.D．Aguidednaturehealingpractice.D[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Forestbathingisn'tabathorahike.Wedidwalktheforesttrails,butwewanderedwithnoparticulardestinationinmind”可知，森林浴不是洗澡，也不是遠(yuǎn)足，是人們?cè)谏中÷飞下o(wú)目的地散步。第三段談到作者他們?cè)谏织燄B(yǎng)師Choukas-Bradley的幫助下全身心感受自然。第五段談到將森林療法作為一種減輕壓力的策略。由此可知，森林浴是一次有指導(dǎo)的自然療愈實(shí)踐。故選D。]9．Howcanwebenefitfromforestbathing?A．Byimprovingourawareness.B．Bydoingintensetraining.C．Byexperiencingnaturemindfully.D．Bycarryingouteyesighttests.C[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知，森林浴的目的是放慢速度，讓人們沉浸在自然環(huán)境中，作者他們運(yùn)用觸覺(jué)、嗅覺(jué)、視覺(jué)等所有感官來(lái)感知周?chē)淖匀画h(huán)境，從森林浴中獲益。由此可知，人們通過(guò)用心感受自然從森林浴中獲益。故選C。]10．Whatcanaguidehelpforestbathersdo?A．Locateandpickripefruits.B．Putexerciseplansintoaction.C．Identifydifferenttreesandbirds.D．Concentrateonthesurroundingnature.D[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Shehelpedusbeawareofthesmells,tastesandsightsoftheforest.Wetookinoursurroundingsbyusingalloursenses”可知，森林療養(yǎng)師幫助作者他們了解森林的氣味、味道和景象，使之運(yùn)用所有的感官來(lái)感知周?chē)沫h(huán)境。根據(jù)第四段的“Theysupportwhattheforestscouldofferus,invitingusintopracticesthatdeepenphysicalpresence,pleasure,andpartnershipwithnature”可知，森林療養(yǎng)師支持森林可以給人們提供的東西，邀請(qǐng)人們進(jìn)入實(shí)踐，加深身體感知、快樂(lè)、與自然的伙伴關(guān)系。由此可知，森林療養(yǎng)師幫助森林沐浴者專(zhuān)注于周?chē)淖匀画h(huán)境。故選D。]11．WhatcanwelearnfromClifford'swordsinthelastparagraph?A．Thehealthcaresystemneedsupdating.B．Nature-basedtherapycoststoomuch.C．Stress-relateddiseasesarecommonlyseen.D．Foresttherapycouldbeanalternativetreatment.D[推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Clifford的話“It'smyhopethatthehealthcaresystemwillincludeforesttherapyintotherangeofservices”可知，Clifford希望醫(yī)療保健系統(tǒng)將森林療法納入服務(wù)范圍。再結(jié)合最后一段的“Clifford'sgoalistoencouragehealthcareproviderstointegrateforesttherapyasastress-reductionstrategy”可知，Clifford的目標(biāo)是鼓勵(lì)醫(yī)療保健提供者將森林療法作為一種減壓策略。由此可知，Clifford認(rèn)為森林療法可以成為另一種緩解壓力的治療方法。故選D。]Ⅱ.閱讀七選五(共5小題，每小題2.5分，共12.5分)(2025·福州市高三年級(jí)第一次質(zhì)量檢測(cè))Weareallcreaturesofhabit.Wetendtowakeupatthesametimeeachday,brushourteeth,havemorningcoffeeandtraveltowork,followingthesamepatternseveryday.1()Behavioralscientistswhostudyhabitformationsaythatmanyofustrytocreatehealthyhabitsinthewrongway.2()Herearetwotips,backedbyresearch,forformingnewhealthyhabits.3()Formanyofus,ourmorningroutineisthestrongest,sothat'sagreatopportunitytobuildanewhabit.Whilebrushingyourteeth,youmightstandononefoottopracticebalance.Manyofusfallintoend-of-the-daypatternsaswell.DoyoutendtosinkintothesofaafterworkandturnontheTV?Thatmightbeagoodtimetodoasingledailyyogapose.4()WendyWood，aresearchpsychologist,callstheforcesthatgetinthewayofgoodhabits“friction”．Inonestudy,researcherschangedtheturningofliftdoorssothatworkershadtowaitnearlyhalfaminuteforthedoorstoclose.5()Manypeoplearethereforeconvincedthattakingthestairswaseasierthanwaitingforthelift.Itshowshowsensitivewearetosmallfrictioninourenvironment.Justslowingdowntheliftgotpeopletotakethestairs,andtheystuckwithitevenaftertheliftwentbacktonormaltiming.A．Itwasjustenoughofadelay.B．Whydowestopdoingwhat'sgoodforus?C．Butwhyisitsohardtoformnewhealthyhabits?D．Weprobablyformnewhabitswhenweclearawaythebarriers.E．Thebetterwaytoformanewhabitistotieittoanexistinghabit.F．Itexplainswhyfrictionpreventstheprogressofforminggoodhabits.G．Forexample,wesetbiggoalstoloseweightwithouttakingpropersteps.[語(yǔ)篇解讀]本文是說(shuō)明文。文章分析了為什么人們很難形成新的健康習(xí)慣并列舉了養(yǎng)成新的健康習(xí)慣的建議。1．C[上文講我們都是墨守成規(guī)的人，傾向于每天在同一時(shí)間起床、刷牙、早晨喝咖啡、上班，每天都遵循同樣的模式。下文主要介紹了養(yǎng)成新的健康習(xí)慣的建議。C項(xiàng)“但是為什么養(yǎng)成新的健康習(xí)慣這么難呢？”引出下文的養(yǎng)成新的健康習(xí)慣這一話題。]2．G[空前的“manyofustrytocreatehealthyhabitsinthewrongway”講我們中的許多人試圖以錯(cuò)誤的方式養(yǎng)成健康的習(xí)慣，故空處應(yīng)該涉及錯(cuò)誤的做法，G項(xiàng)“例如，我們?cè)O(shè)定了減肥的大目標(biāo)，卻沒(méi)有采取適當(dāng)?shù)牟襟E”舉例說(shuō)明了人們的錯(cuò)誤做法。]3．E[空處位于段首，是本段的主旨句，是作者提出的養(yǎng)成新的健康習(xí)慣的第一條建議?？蘸笾v早上的例行活動(dòng)是最有力的，所以這是一個(gè)建立新習(xí)慣的好機(jī)會(huì)，刷牙的時(shí)候，人們可以單腳站立來(lái)練習(xí)平衡，下班后，人們也可以利用窩在沙發(fā)上看電視的時(shí)間來(lái)做一個(gè)瑜伽姿勢(shì)。由此可知，E項(xiàng)“形成一個(gè)新習(xí)慣的更好的方法是把它和現(xiàn)有的習(xí)慣聯(lián)系起來(lái)”最能概括本段的主旨。]4．D[空處位于段首，是本段的主旨句，也是作者提出的養(yǎng)成新的健康習(xí)慣的第二條建議。空后講心理學(xué)家WendyWood將妨礙養(yǎng)成好習(xí)慣的力量稱(chēng)為“摩擦”，接著介紹了一個(gè)研究中的實(shí)驗(yàn)，即研究人員通過(guò)改變電梯門(mén)的轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)方式，放慢電梯的關(guān)門(mén)速度，促使人們養(yǎng)成走樓梯的新習(xí)慣。D項(xiàng)“當(dāng)我們清除障礙時(shí)，我們可能會(huì)養(yǎng)成新的習(xí)慣”最能概括本段的主旨。D項(xiàng)中的barriers與下文的friction呼應(yīng)。]5．A[空前講在一項(xiàng)研究中，研究人員改變了電梯門(mén)的轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)方式，工人不得不等近半分鐘才能關(guān)上電梯門(mén)，A項(xiàng)“只是稍微耽擱了一下”對(duì)這一行為做進(jìn)一步的分析，承接上文，且與空后的“因此，許多人相信走樓梯比等電梯更容易”銜接緊密，故選A。]B卷(時(shí)間：30分鐘滿分：40分)Ⅰ.閱讀理解(共4小題，每小題2.5分，共10分)(2025·貴陽(yáng)市高三年級(jí)摸底考試)Orangutans(紅毛猩猩)areknownforanimpressiveskillofengineering：Theycarefullyweaveanintricatenestfrombranchesintheforestcanopy(樹(shù)冠)dailyforcozynightsandshadymiddaynaps.Somenests，particularlythosemadebyolderandmoreexperiencedorangutans，havepillows，blankets，andsometimesevenaroofmadebybroadleaves—andallmustbewellprotectedandstrongenoughtohold100-pluspoundsofthesleepinggorillA．NowastudypublishedinAnimalBehaviorrevealsthatyoungorangutansperfectlycompletethisvitaltaskinsevenyears.“Thefactthatittakesthemsolongtoacquirethisskillshowsusthatit'smuchmorecomplexthanwerealizedbefore，”saysthestudy'sleadauthorAndreaPermana，aprimatologist(靈長(zhǎng)類(lèi)動(dòng)物學(xué)家)attheUniversityofWarwickinEngland.Tounderstandthisbehavior，researchersfollowed45orangutansatIndonesia'sGunungLeuserNationalParkfor13years.Permanafoundthatorangutansbegintoshowinterestinnestbuildingasyoungassixmonths.Theseyoungorangutanspracticethetaskdailyduringtheiryouth，watchingtheirmotherstolearnbuildingtechniques.Astheygetolder，theirstrengthandskillfulnessimprove，lettingthemmoresuccessfullymakebranchesintothestructure.Researchershaveseenorangutansbuildtheirfirstfunctionalnightnestsatthreeyearsold，buttheystilltendtosleepalongsidetheirmothersuntilaboutageseven.Thesenestsoffermorethanjustcoverfromtigersandotherpredators；sleepitselfisacrucialresourceaswell.Allgreatapes(類(lèi)人猿)constructneststosomedegree，andstudiesshowthatorangutanssleepdeeperandlongerthannon-nest-buildingprimates.Thissoundsleepmaytellushownestsplayedapartinourownancestors'brainevolutionbecausehumanancestorsandorangutanancestorsbothdevelopednestbuilding.Permanasays：“Themorerestedyouare，themoreinnovativeyoucanbe.Maybeyou'remorecurious,yourmemoryisbetter，andyoucansolveproblemsbetter.Theknock-oneffectsofthatonthesuccessofourancestorsisprettyundoubtable.”[語(yǔ)篇解讀]本文是說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了紅毛猩猩擅長(zhǎng)用樹(shù)枝搭建復(fù)雜的巢穴，這些巢穴不僅僅是它們的庇護(hù)所，也讓它們睡得更好。1．Whatcanweknowaboutthenestsbuiltbymoreexperiencedorangutans?A．Theydonothaveroofs.B．Theyaremadeofbroadleaves.C．Theyarerelativelywell-equipped.D．Theycanholdmorethan100gorillas.C[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干將答案定位在第二段。第二段講一些巢穴，特別是那些年齡較大、經(jīng)驗(yàn)更豐富的紅毛猩猩搭建的巢穴，有枕頭、毯子，有時(shí)甚至有一個(gè)由寬樹(shù)葉做成的屋頂。由此可知，經(jīng)驗(yàn)更豐富的紅毛猩猩搭建的巢穴更加完備，故選C項(xiàng)。]2．Whatcanwelearnaboutyoungorangutans?A．Theyarerequiredtobuildnests.B．Theybeginbuildingnestsatsixmonths.C．Theyimitatetheirmomstobuildnests.D．Theysleepwiththeirmomsuntilthree.C[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的“orangutansbegintoshowinterestinnestbuildingasyoungassixmonths...watchingtheirmotherstolearnbuildingtechniques...lettingthemmoresuccessfullymakebranchesintothestructure”可知，紅毛猩猩在六個(gè)月大的時(shí)候就開(kāi)始展現(xiàn)對(duì)巢穴搭建的興趣。小的紅毛猩猩在幼年時(shí)每天都會(huì)練習(xí)搭建巢穴，看著它們的媽媽學(xué)習(xí)搭建技巧。隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，它們的力量和技巧會(huì)提高，這使得它們可以更成功地將樹(shù)枝搭建成巢穴。由此可推知，幼小的紅毛猩猩是模仿媽媽來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)搭建巢穴的，故選C項(xiàng)。]3．WhatcanbeinferredfromPermana'swords?A．Ancestorsbenefitalotfromsleepingwell.B．Humanscanbecuriousaboutnestbuilding.C．Innovationcanmakepeoplesolveproblems.D．Peopleconsidernestbuildingasacomplexskill.A[推理判斷題。第五段中Permana說(shuō)“你休息得越好，你就越有創(chuàng)造力。也許你更好奇，你的記憶力更好，你就能更好地解決問(wèn)題。我們祖先在這方面成功的連鎖反應(yīng)是毋庸置疑的”。由此可推知，祖先因睡得好而獲益良多。故選A項(xiàng)。B項(xiàng)“人類(lèi)可能對(duì)巢穴搭建很好奇”；C項(xiàng)“創(chuàng)新可以讓人們解決問(wèn)題”；D項(xiàng)“人們認(rèn)為巢穴搭建是一項(xiàng)復(fù)雜的技能”。]4．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．GreatApes：AncestorofNestBuildingB．Improvedsleep：BenefitofNestBuildingC．SmartOrangutans：MasterofNestBuildingD．TechnicalProgress：EvolutionofNestBuildingC[標(biāo)題歸納題。本文主要介紹紅毛猩猩善于搭建復(fù)雜的巢穴。A項(xiàng)“類(lèi)人猿：筑巢的祖先”；B項(xiàng)“改善睡眠：筑巢的好處”；C項(xiàng)“聰明的紅毛猩猩：筑巢大師”；D項(xiàng)“技術(shù)進(jìn)步：筑巢的發(fā)展”。故選C項(xiàng)。]Ⅱ.完形填空(共15小題，每小題1分，共15分)(2025·吉林高中畢業(yè)年級(jí)第一次模擬測(cè)試)BunnyShawcollectsalltheoldfootballbootsherManchesterCityteammatesdon'twant.AsJamaica'stopgoalscorer,shecaneasily1anybootsshewants,butsheknowsthatmanyyoungJamaicansdon'thavemoney,sowhenevershegoesback,she2thosetop-qualitysecondhandbootsas3inlocalfemalefootballcompetitions.Bornin1997inSpanishTown,KhadijaShawwastheyoungestof13children.Oneofherolderbrothersused“Bunny”asher4．Shelovedwatchinghimplayfootballonthestreet.“Alotofpeoplewouldgatherand5onwhowasgoingtowin，”Shaw6．“Ithought,Iwantedtobeapartofthat！”Soshe7them.Herparentsweren't8，whovaluedtheirkids'educationverymuch.Hermotherinparticularthoughtfootballwasa9oftime.InJamaicatherewerenowomen'steams.“ButIwantedtoplayfootball，”saidShaw,whodreamedofcompetinginthesport'sgreatest10．Soshe'dplaywhilehermotherwasoutuntilshewas11atage14fortheJamaicaUnder15sfootballteam.Herfather12Bunny'smotherthatitwouldbeavaluableexperiencefortheirdaughter.BunnyShawwasonherway.Shemadethenationalteamin2015.WhentheJamaicannationalteam13forthe2019Women'sWorldCupafterbeatingPanama,Shaw's14wasrealized.“WhenI15whereIwasthenandwhereIamnow,I'mproudofmyself，”saysJamaica'stopgoalscorer.[語(yǔ)篇解讀]本文是記敘文。KhadijaShaw從小就喜歡足球，她不顧父母的反對(duì)，堅(jiān)持踢足球，最終在2015年進(jìn)入牙買(mǎi)加國(guó)家隊(duì)，后又參加2019年女足世界杯。此外，她每次比賽完都會(huì)收集高質(zhì)量的二手足球鞋贈(zèng)送給那些沒(méi)有錢(qián)購(gòu)買(mǎi)球鞋的牙買(mǎi)加年輕人。A．share B．a(chǎn)ffordC．exchange D．commandB[根據(jù)上文的“AsJamaica'stopgoalscorer”可知，Shaw是牙買(mǎi)加的頭號(hào)得分手；再結(jié)合下文的“butsheknowsthatmanyyoungJamaicansdon'thavemoney”(但她知道很多牙買(mǎi)加年輕人沒(méi)有錢(qián))可知，此處與下文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，表示Shaw可以輕松地買(mǎi)得起(afford)任何她想要的球鞋。exchange“交換，互換”；command“命令，應(yīng)得，控制”。]A．sells B．buysC．requires D．presentsD[上文寫(xiě)到Shaw收集所有她的曼城隊(duì)友不想要的舊足球鞋，而且她知道很多牙買(mǎi)加年輕人沒(méi)有錢(qián)買(mǎi)得起球鞋，所以每當(dāng)她回牙買(mǎi)加時(shí)，她都會(huì)把那些高質(zhì)量的二手球鞋作為當(dāng)?shù)嘏幼闱虮荣惖莫?jiǎng)品贈(zèng)送(presents)出去。require“需要”。]A．medals B．prizesC．punishments D．challengesB[參見(jiàn)上題解析。medal“獎(jiǎng)牌”；prize“獎(jiǎng)品”；punishment“懲罰”；challenge“挑戰(zhàn)”。]A．nickname B．titleC．honor D．giftA[根據(jù)上文的“KhadijaShawwastheyoungestof13children”可知，Shaw是家里13個(gè)孩子中最小的，她的其中一個(gè)哥哥給她起個(gè)昵稱(chēng)(nickname)叫“Bunny”。title“頭銜，稱(chēng)謂”；honor“榮譽(yù)，名譽(yù)”。]A．decided B．calledC．bet D．insistedC[此處表示很多人會(huì)聚集在一起，賭(bet)誰(shuí)會(huì)贏。insist“堅(jiān)決要求，堅(jiān)持”。]A．recalls B．confirmsC．a(chǎn)dmits D．declaresA[Shaw話中的時(shí)態(tài)為過(guò)去時(shí)，描述的是過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，故此處表示Shaw回憶道(recalls)。confirm“確證，證實(shí)，證明”；admit“承認(rèn)”；declare“宣布，聲明”。]A．rejected B．praisedC．joined D．a(chǎn)dmiredC[根據(jù)上文的“Ithought,Iwantedtobeapartofthat！”可知，Shaw想成為他們中的一員，所以她加入(joined)了他們。reject“拒絕接受”；praise“贊揚(yáng)，稱(chēng)贊”；admire“敬佩，欽佩”。]A．disappointed B．a(chǎn)nnoyedC．concerned D．delightedD[根據(jù)下文的“whovaluedtheirkids'educationverymuch”和“she'dplaywhilehermotherwasout”可知，Shaw的父母十分重視孩子的教育，對(duì)她踢足球這件事感到不高興。故選D。disappointed“失望的”；annoyed“煩惱的，生氣的”；concerned“擔(dān)心的，憂慮的”；delighted“高興的”。]A．waste B．matterC．lack D．signA[根據(jù)上文的“whovaluedtheirkids'educationverymuch”和下文的“InJamaicatherewerenowomen'steams”“she'dplaywhilehermotherwasout”可推知，當(dāng)時(shí)牙買(mǎi)加并沒(méi)有女子足球隊(duì)，Shaw的媽媽也不支持她踢足球，認(rèn)為踢足球是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。故選A。]10．A．ceremony B．tournamentC．gym D．practiceB[根據(jù)上文的“Iwantedtoplayfootball”可知，Shaw想踢足球，夢(mèng)想著參加最偉大的錦標(biāo)賽(tournament)。ceremony“典禮，儀式”；gym“體育館”。]11．A．removed B．a(chǎn)doptedC．selected D．a(chǎn)ppreciatedC[根據(jù)空后的“fortheJamaicaUnder15sfootballteam”可知，Shaw在媽媽外出不在的時(shí)候打球，直到14歲被選入(selected)牙買(mǎi)加15歲以下青年足球隊(duì)。remove“開(kāi)除”；adopt“收養(yǎng)，領(lǐng)養(yǎng)”；appreciate“欣賞”。]12．A．convinced B．orderedC．inquired D．forcedA[根據(jù)下文的“itwouldbeavaluableexperiencefortheirdaughter”可知，Shaw的爸爸說(shuō)服(convinced)Shaw的媽媽讓女兒踢足球，認(rèn)為這是一次寶貴的經(jīng)歷。order“命令”；inquire“詢問(wèn)，打聽(tīng)”；force“強(qiáng)制，逼迫”。]13．A．a(chǎn)pplied B．qualifiedC．prepared D．trainedB[根據(jù)下文的“afterbeatingPanama”可知，牙買(mǎi)加國(guó)家隊(duì)擊敗巴拿馬后獲得2019年女足世界杯參賽資格。qualify“獲得資格，獲得比賽資格”，故選B。apply“申請(qǐng)”；prepare“準(zhǔn)備”；train“訓(xùn)練，培訓(xùn)”。]14．A．belief B．gameC．success D．dreamD[根據(jù)第三段的“Shaw,whodreamedofcompetinginthesport'sgreatest10”可知，Shaw的夢(mèng)想(dream)實(shí)現(xiàn)了。belief“信心，信念”。]15．A．lookupto B．lookforwardtoC．lookbackon D．lookoutforC[根據(jù)下文的“whereIwasthenandwhereIamnow”和語(yǔ)境可知，當(dāng)Shaw回顧(lookbackon)過(guò)去和現(xiàn)在，她為自己感到驕傲。lookupto“敬仰”；lookforwardto“期待”；lookoutfor“當(dāng)心，提防”。]Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空(共10個(gè)空，每空1．5分，共15分)(2025·南充市高考適應(yīng)性考試)BeijingCentralAxiswasinscribed(寫(xiě)上)ontheUNESCOWorldHeritageListonJuly27,1marksChina's59thWorldHeritageSite.Initiallyconstructedinthe13thcenturyandshapedinthe16thcentury,itisan2(influence)masterpiecerunningnorth-souththroughthe