2/2河南省南陽(yáng)市2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期末英語(yǔ)試題學(xué)校:___________姓名：___________班級(jí)：___________考號(hào)：___________一、閱讀理解AspartofglobalHappyChineseNewYearcelebrations,photographersareencouragedtoshowhowothercountriesmarktheeventintheJustShareIt-HappyChineseNewYearPhotoContest2022.AwardsandPrizes●Firstprize:10photos(singleorgroup),each5,000RMB●Secondprize:30photos(singleorgroup),each3,000RMB●Thirdprize:60photos(singleorgroup),each1,000RMBWhat1.TheimagesshouldshowtheprogramsandactivitiesofHappyChineseNewYear(aworldwidecelebrationhostedbytheMinistryofCultureofthePRC)allovertheworldorcapturescenesofpeopleenjoyingtheSpringFestivaloverseas.2.PhotographsmustbeofaneventoutsidetheChinesemainland,andthephotographercanbeofanynationality.3.Alltheimagesmustbereal,notdoctoredorphotoshopped.Thetone(色調(diào))andcolorcouldbeslightlyadjusted,andthecolorcanbechangedintoblackandwhite.4.Photographsmustbeindigitalformat.Andresolution(分辨率)ofthephotoshouldbe300dpi.TIFfileshouldbenosmallerthan50MB,thehighestcompressedformatofJPGfilenolessthan7MB,andthemaximumshouldbenolessthan3,000pixels(像素).5.Entriescanbesinglephotosoraseries—agroupcountsasasinglephoto.Eachgroupshouldonlyhavefourtoeightphotos.6.Theheadlineandcaption(inChineseorEnglish)mustbecompleteandaccurate.Theauthorsshouldprovidesufficientdetails,includingtheprocessandlocationoftheshoot,andprovidethephotographer’snationality,addressandphonenumber.Pleasefillintheblanksbelowandincludetheformwithyourentryviae-mail.1．Howmuchwillalltheprizescost?A．50,000RMB B．90,000RMBC．60,000RMB D．200,000RMB2．Whichpicturecanbeadmittedbythecontest?A．AsmallChinesevillageisquietinmountains.B．SomeboysaredancingatSpringFestivalinNewYork.C．Someadultsareeatingdumplingstogether.D．SomepeoplearegoingboatinginXihuLake,ZhejiangProvince.3．WhichrequirementisNOTtrue?A．Thepicturecannotbephotoshopped.B．Thepicturemustbeindigitalformat.C．ThephotographersmustbeoverseasChinese.D．Informationofthephotomustbecompleteandcorrect.【答案】1．D2．B3．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。介紹了一個(gè)關(guān)于中國(guó)春節(jié)海外慶?；顒?dòng)的有獎(jiǎng)攝影大賽以及大賽的獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)設(shè)置和要求。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章AwardsandPrizes部分中的“Firstprize:10photos(singleorgroup),each5,000RMB；Secondprize:30photos(singleorgroup),each3,000RMB；Thirdprize:60photos(singleorgroup),each1,000RMB(一等獎(jiǎng)：10張照片（單張或組），每張5000元；二等獎(jiǎng)：30張照片（單張或組），每張3000元；三等獎(jiǎng)：60張照片（單張或組），每張1000元)”可知獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)的總金額為：5000×10+3000×30+1000×60=200,000。故選D項(xiàng)。2．推理判斷題。根據(jù)參賽要求的第一條“TheimagesshouldshowtheprogramsandactivitiesofHappyChineseNewYearallovertheworldorcapturescenesofpeopleenjoyingtheSpringFestivaloverseas.(這些圖像應(yīng)顯示世界各地的中國(guó)新年快樂(lè)節(jié)目和活動(dòng)，或捕捉人們?cè)诤Ｍ庀硎艽汗?jié)的場(chǎng)景。)”可知，參賽的照片要求是關(guān)于海外春節(jié)慶?；顒?dòng)的。故選B項(xiàng)。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)參賽要求的第二條“PhotographsmustbeofaneventoutsidetheChinesemainland,andthephotographercanbeofanynationality.(照片必須是中國(guó)大陸以外的活動(dòng)，而且攝影師可以是任何國(guó)籍的人。)”可知，照片拍攝師可以是任何國(guó)籍的人，沒(méi)有要求必須是海外華人，所以C項(xiàng)是錯(cuò)誤的。故選C項(xiàng)。Children’sbooksforthoseunderagefiveoftenembracescience.Wellbeforetheyentertheirfirstclassroom,childreneagerlyexploretheirenvironmentinsearchofanswerstoanendlessstreamofwhyandhowquestions.Roughly1,100booksbeginwith“Howdo...”.Ofthose,approximatelyonetenthareaboutengineeringandscience(e.g.HowDoAirplanesFly?andHowDoAnimalsMove?).Inthattenth,thevastmajority(wellover90%)arechildren’sbooks.Childrenseemtobemoreinterestedinthehowsandwhysoftheworldthanadults.Aburstofresearchinthelastdecadeconfirmstheapparentpatterninbooktitles.Fromthreetosixyearsofage,childrenaskmanyhowandwhyquestions,butthenthosequestionsdecreasequicklyduringtheelementaryschoolyearsandbeyond.Mostchildren’sspontaneous(自發(fā)的)loveofsciencefadesbyadulthood.Isitaproblemwithscienceitself?Despitesomeclaimstothat,therealcauseisadeclineinwonder.Wonderistheenginethatdrivesexplorationanddiscovery,andwhenitdisappears,astrongfeelingoflovefortheworkingsoftheworldmeltsaway.Everychildwantstoknowhowtheworldworks.Weareallbornwithwonder—withcuriousminds,fascinatedbytheworldaroundus.Youngchildrenandeveninfantsarenaturallyengaginginintuitivescienceeveryday,oftenwithcomplexmethods.Thislossofwonderisnotbecausewesuddenlyunderstandeverything—wedon’t—butbecausedistrust,disengagement,anddenialcanbecomeembeddedintomanyaspectsofourlives.Besides,theconsequences(影響)ofthislossofwonderareprofound.Becauselossofwondercanleadtoespeciallypoorunderstandingsofunderlyingmechanisms,webecomevulnerabletomisinformationandmanipulation(操縱)byothers.Evenworse,abandonmentofwonderwilltakeawaytherewardingjoyofdiscoveryfromus.Thislossofwonder,however,isnotinevitable.Wecanalltakesimpleactiontoreawakenthatinitialsparkandliveliveslitbywonder.4．Whenarehowandwhyquestionsaskedlessfrequently?A．Whentheyattendsecondaryschools.B．Whentheyaremorethanthreeyearsold.C．Whentheyarethreetosixyearsofage.D．Duringtheelementaryschoolyearsandbeyond.5．Whydoesmostchildren’sloveofsciencefadebyadulthood?A．Becausesciencebecomestoocomplicatedforthem.B．Becausetheirchildhoodwonderdeclinesovertime.C．Becausetheygraduallylosetheirinterestinscience.D．Becauseadultsaretoobusytospendtimeonscience.6．Whatgenredoesthispassagebelongto?A．Anarrativewriting(記敘文). B．Apracticalwriting.C．Anexpositorywriting(說(shuō)明文). D．Anargumentativeessay.7．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A．Thelossofwonderresultsinpoorunderstanding.B．Theconsequencesofthelossofwonderareprofound.C．Wecanhardlyexploretheworldwithoutwonder.D．Wecanstillregainthelostwonder.【答案】4．D5．B6．C7．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要闡述的是兒時(shí)的好奇心緣何消失。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第三段最后一句“Fromthreetosixyearsofage,childrenaskmanyhowandwhyquestions,butthenthosequestionsdecreasequicklyduringtheelementaryschoolyearsandbeyond.(從三歲到六歲，孩子們會(huì)問(wèn)很多如何以及為什么的問(wèn)題，但這些問(wèn)題在小學(xué)及以后迅速減少。)”可知，“howandwhyquestions”的數(shù)量在小學(xué)及以后的時(shí)間里急劇下降。故選D項(xiàng)。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第四段中的“Mostchildren’sspontaneous(自發(fā)的)loveofsciencefadesbyadulthood.Isitaproblemwithscienceitself?Despitesomeclaimstothat,therealcauseisadeclineinwonder.(大多數(shù)孩子對(duì)科學(xué)的自發(fā)熱愛(ài)在成年后逐漸消失。這是科學(xué)本身的問(wèn)題嗎？盡管有人聲稱(chēng)這一點(diǎn)，但真正的原因是好奇心的下降。)”可知，真正的原因是好奇心的下降。故選B項(xiàng)。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Thislossofwonderisnotbecausewesuddenlyunderstandeverything—wedon’t—butbecausedistrust,disengagement,anddenialcanbecomeembeddedintomanyaspectsofourlives.(這種驚奇的喪失不是因?yàn)槲覀兺蝗焕斫饬艘磺小覀儧](méi)有——而是因?yàn)椴恍湃巍⒚撾x和否認(rèn)可以嵌入我們生活的許多方面。)”以及上文中講述的內(nèi)容可知，本文對(duì)人們兒時(shí)好奇心消失的原因進(jìn)行了說(shuō)明。故選C項(xiàng)。7．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Thislossofwonder,however,isnotinevitable.Wecanalltakesimpleactiontoreawakenthatinitialsparkandliveliveslitbywonder.(然而，這種好奇心的喪失并非不可避免。我們都可以采取簡(jiǎn)單的行動(dòng)來(lái)重新喚醒最初的火花，過(guò)上被好奇心點(diǎn)燃的生活。)”講的是我們可以采取簡(jiǎn)單的措施點(diǎn)亮我們好奇心，由此可以推斷，我們可以重拾兒時(shí)的好奇心。故選D項(xiàng)。Thegarment(服裝)industryisoneofthelargestcarbonpollutersonplanetEarth,andoneofthegreatestproducersofwaste.Threeoutoffiveofthe100billiongarmentsmadein2018endedupinlandfillwithinayear.Toxicchemicalslandintheenvironmentandworkercommunities,andtheproductionofcottonusesupvastamountsofwater.Thebusinessmodeloffastfashionhasledtoanenormousincreaseintheamountsofclothesthatareproduced,sold,andthrown.AccordingtoMcKinsey,clothingproductiondoubledfrom2000to2014,andtheaverageconsumerbuys60%moregarmentseachyear.Atthesametime,theseclothesarekeptonlyhalfaslongastheywereamerefifteenyearsago.About100billionitemsofclothingareproducedeachyear;that’snearly14itemsforeveryhumanbeingontheplanet.Someofthoseneverevenreachtheconsumers;itcausedaminorangerwhenin2018aluxurybrandadmittedtoburningclothesjusttoprotectthebrand.Yet,withclothesbeingsocheap,peopledonotwearatleast50percentoftheirwardrobes,accordingtothisstudy.Theclothingandfootwearindustriestogetheraccountformorethan8percentofglobalclimateinfluence,greaterthanallinternationalairlineflightsandoceanicshippingtripscombined.Waterusageforgrowingcottonhasledtohugelackofwater,andcoloringandtreatmentofgarmentsmakeup17%—20%ofallindustrialwaterpollution.Anindustrythatmakesbillionsontheuseoftheplanetdoesnotsuddenlybecomemoresustainable(可持續(xù)的)whentheystartusingorganiccotton,orstartburningtheirunsoldgoods(remember—peopleworkedreallyhardforverylittlemoneyonthoseclothes!)asagreenfuel…8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“Toxic”meaninparagraph1?A．Colorful. B．Enormous. C．Beneficial. D．Poisonous.9．Whydopeoplethrowsomanyclothesaway?A．Thenewmodelclothingchangetooslowly.B．Someluxuryclothesarecheap.C．Therearemorenewclotheseveryyear.D．Theywanttomakefulluseofgreenfuel.10．Whatmaygarmentwasteinfluenceleast?A．Fishing. B．Climate. C．Transport. D．Agriculture.11．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Clothingwaste. B．Sourcesofpollution.C．Thegarmentindustry. D．Effectsofenvironmentalpollution.【答案】8．D9．C10．C11．A【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了一種新型的浪費(fèi)形式——服裝浪費(fèi)。8．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段的“Thegarment(服裝)industryisoneofthelargestcarbonpollutersonplanetEarth,andoneofthegreatestproducersofwaste.(服裝行業(yè)是地球上最大的碳污染者之一，也是最大的廢物制造者之一)”可知，廢棄的服裝會(huì)污染環(huán)境。由此可知，這些服裝中含有有毒的化學(xué)物，因此toxic意為“有毒的，有害的”，與poisonous同義。故選D。9．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“AccordingtoMcKinsey,clothingproductiondoubledfrom2000to2014,andtheaverageconsumerbuys60%moregarmentseachyear.Atthesametime,theseclothesarekeptonlyhalfaslongastheywereamerefifteenyearsago.(根據(jù)麥肯錫的數(shù)據(jù)，從2000年到2014年，服裝產(chǎn)量翻了一番，消費(fèi)者平均每年多購(gòu)買(mǎi)60%的服裝)”和第三段的“About100billionitemsofclothingareproducedeachyear;that’snearly14itemsforeveryhumanbeingontheplanet.(每年大約生產(chǎn)1000億件服裝；也就說(shuō)，地球上每一個(gè)人都擁有近14件)”可知，從2000年到2014年，服裝產(chǎn)量翻一番，而且每年有約1000億件衣服被生產(chǎn)出來(lái)，這幾乎相當(dāng)于地球上每個(gè)人擁有14件衣服。由此推知，人們?nèi)拥粢路脑蚴敲磕晟a(chǎn)的新衣服實(shí)在太多了。故選C。10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Toxicchemicalslandintheenvironmentandworkercommunities,andtheproductionofcottonusesupvastamountsofwater.(有毒化學(xué)品進(jìn)入環(huán)境和工人社區(qū)，棉花生產(chǎn)消耗大量水)”可知，服裝浪費(fèi)會(huì)影響農(nóng)業(yè)和漁業(yè)；根據(jù)第四段的“Theclothingandfootwearindustriestogetheraccountformorethan8percentofglobalclimateinfluence,greaterthanallinternationalairlineflightsandoceanicshippingtripscombined.(服裝和鞋類(lèi)行業(yè)合計(jì)占全球氣候影響的8%以上，超過(guò)所有國(guó)際航空公司航班和海運(yùn)旅行的總和)”可知，服裝浪費(fèi)影響了氣候。綜上，服裝浪費(fèi)對(duì)運(yùn)輸業(yè)的影響相對(duì)較小。故選C。11．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章的主要內(nèi)容，尤其第一段“Thegarment(服裝)industryisoneofthelargestcarbonpollutersonplanetEarth,andoneofthegreatestproducersofwaste.Threeoutoffiveofthe100billiongarmentsmadein2018endedupinlandfillwithinayear.Toxicchemicalslandintheenvironmentandworkercommunities,andtheproductionofcottonusesupvastamountsofwater.(服裝業(yè)是地球上最大的碳污染源之一，也是最大的廢物生產(chǎn)商之一。2018年制造的1000億件服裝中，有五分之三在一年內(nèi)被填埋。有毒化學(xué)品進(jìn)入環(huán)境和工人社區(qū)，棉花生產(chǎn)消耗大量水)”可知，介紹了一種新型的浪費(fèi)形式——服裝浪費(fèi)，以及它帶來(lái)的負(fù)面影響。故選A。Despitethelife-savingCOVID-19vaccines(疫苗),somanypeoplediedinthesecondyearofthepandemicintheUSthatthenation’slifeexpectancydroppedforasecondyearinarowlastyear,accordingtoanewanalysis.TheanalysisofgovernmentstatisticsfoundUSlifeexpectancyfellbyjustunderhalfayearin2021,addingtoadramaticdropinlifeexpectancythatoccurredin2020.Dr.StevenWoolf,aprofessorofpopulationhealthandhealthexpertatVirginiaCommonwealthUniversity,whohelpedconducttheanalysis,saidmanyofthedeathsoccurredinpeopleintheprimeoftheirlives.AndWoolfaddedthatitdrovetheoverallUSlifeexpectancytofallto76.6years—thelowestinatleast25years.“ShameontheUS,”saidNoreenGoldman,aprofessoratPrincetonUniversity.The2021dropcameafterUSlifeexpectancyfellin2020,droppingbyalmosttwoyears.It’sunclearwhythishappened,butWoolfandothersthoughtitmaybedueinparttosomeAmericansmorelikelytoliveinstateswithfewerrestrictions,sotheyletdowntheirguardmore,whileoftenrefusingtogetvaccinated.“Thedeathsthatoccurredin2021wereaproductnotonlyofalackofCOVID-19vaccines,whichwasafactor,butalsobeinginplacesthatdidn’tobservepolicieslikemaskingandsocialdistancingthatpreventedspreadofthevirus,whichwasthemainreason,”Woolfsaid.The2021dropalsowidenedthegapinlifeexpectancybetweentheUSandothercountries,theanalysisfound.ThatwasdueprimarilytolowervaccinationratesintheUS,researcherssaid.TheresearchersalsosaidabigpartofthatwasfewerrestrictionsandmorevaccinehesitationintheUS,whichresultedinlowervaccinationratesandamuchhigherdeathnumber.Theotherhealthproblemslikeheartattackandoverweightalsoplayedarole,theysaid.“Wespentafortuneonmedicalcareandwe’reahigh-incomecountry.Ourgovernmentshouldbeabletodofarbetter,”Goldmansaid.12．WhatwasAmerica’slifeexpectancybeforeCOVID-19?A．About79.1years. B．About78.6years.C．About77.1years. D．About76.6years.13．WhatplayedanimportantroleinleadingthehighdeathrateintheUS?A．Lackofmedicine. B．Powerfulvirus.C．Violationofanti-epidemicpolicies. D．Thegovernment’snegativeact.14．Whichcolumnofamagazinecanthistextcomefrom?A．Politics. B．Science. C．Education. D．Health.15．WhatisGoldman’sattitudetowardthegovernment?A．Unsatisfied. B．Objective. C．Supportive. D．Unconcerned.【答案】12．A13．C14．D15．A【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了新冠疫情以來(lái)，美國(guó)人的預(yù)期壽命下降了。12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第一句“TheanalysisofgovernmentstatisticsfoundUSlifeexpectancyfellbyjustunderhalfayearin2021,addingtoadramaticdropinlifeexpectancythatoccurredin2020.(對(duì)政府統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)的分析發(fā)現(xiàn)，2021年美國(guó)預(yù)期壽命下降了不到半年，加劇了2020年預(yù)期壽命的急劇下降。)”和第三句“AndWoolfaddedthatitdrovetheoverallUSlifeexpectancytofallto76.6years—thelowestinatleast25years.(Woolf補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，這推動(dòng)美國(guó)整體預(yù)期壽命降至76.6歲——這是至少25年來(lái)的最低水平。)”可知，美國(guó)的預(yù)期壽命在2021年下降了近半年，為76.6歲，再根據(jù)第三段第二句“The2021dropcameafterUSlifeexpectancyfellin2020,droppingbyalmosttwoyears.(2021年的下降是在2020年美國(guó)預(yù)期壽命下降近兩年之后發(fā)生的。)”可知，美國(guó)人的預(yù)期壽命在2020年大幅下降，下降了近兩年，則疫情前美國(guó)的預(yù)期壽命約為76.6+0.5+2=79.1。故選A項(xiàng)。13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段““Thedeathsthatoccurredin2021wereaproductnotonlyofalackofCOVID-19vaccines,whichwasafactor,butalsobeinginplacesthatdidn’tobservepolicieslikemaskingandsocialdistancingthatpreventedspreadofthevirus,whichwasthemainreason,”Woolfsaid.(Woolf說(shuō)：“2021年發(fā)生的死亡不僅是缺乏COVID-19疫苗的產(chǎn)物，這是一個(gè)因素，而且還是在沒(méi)有遵守口罩和保持社交距離等防止病毒傳播的政策的地方，這是主要原因?！?”可知，2021年發(fā)生的死亡不僅是缺乏疫苗的結(jié)果，還是在沒(méi)有遵守防止病毒傳播的政策的地方，即沒(méi)有戴口罩和保持社交距離的結(jié)果，這是主要原因，因此，不遵守防疫措施是導(dǎo)致美國(guó)大量死亡病例的主要原因。故選C項(xiàng)。14．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“Despitethelife-savingCOVID-19vaccines(疫苗),somanypeoplediedinthesecondyearofthepandemicintheUSthatthenation’slifeexpectancydroppedforasecondyearinarowlastyear,accordingtoanewanalysis.(根據(jù)一項(xiàng)新的分析，盡管有挽救生命的COVID-19疫苗，但美國(guó)在大流行的第二年仍有如此多的人死亡，以至于去年該國(guó)的預(yù)期壽命連續(xù)第二年下降。)”以及下文講述的內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了新冠疫情以來(lái)，美國(guó)人的預(yù)期壽命下降的現(xiàn)象，并對(duì)此進(jìn)行分析，這應(yīng)屬于健康熱點(diǎn)話題。故選D項(xiàng)。15．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段““Wespentafortuneonmedicalcareandwe’reahigh-incomecountry.Ourgovernmentshouldbeabletodofarbetter,”Goldmansaid.(Goldman說(shuō)“我們?cè)卺t(yī)療保健上花了一大筆錢(qián)，我們是一個(gè)高收入國(guó)家。我們的政府應(yīng)該能夠做得更好”。)”可知，Goldman認(rèn)為我們的政府應(yīng)該能做得更好，可以推斷他對(duì)目前政府的所作所為并不滿(mǎn)意。故選A項(xiàng)。二、七選五NewYear’sresolutionsareusuallylikesomeofthosepromisesthataremeanttobebroken.Theword“New”inthenewyear,putsalotofpressureonstartingoverandturninganewleaf.Butyoumustrememberyoucannotjustbecomeadifferentpersonovernightwhentheclockstrikestwelve.16.Insteadofmakingresolutionsthatcauseyoustress,anxietyormorepain,setoutthisyearbymakingresolutionsthatwillencourageself-care.TostartfreshthisNewYear’sDay,hereareafewtipssettingrealisticnewyear’sresolutionsinordertoavoidtheburdenofdisappointmentnextyear.ChooseaveryspecificgoalVagueplanslike“l(fā)oseweight”,“exercisemore”or“writemore”aregoalswithnoteeth.Theyarevagueplansanddesires,andareveryeasytoexplainawayduetohowvaguetheyare.17.Suchgoalswithacertaintaskweight-age,aremuchmoredoablethanvaguegoals.18.Onceyouhavechosenyourgoals,makeaverydetailedplanofhowyouwillreachthatgoal.Havingaplanandapathwaycanhelpyouvisualizeyourprogressandwon’tmakeyouimpatientforimmediateresults.Thatwayyouwillhavealreadyvisualizedwhatprogresswouldlooklikeforyouinsay,3months,5months,7monthsoreverydaydependingonyourgoals.GetyourselfasocialtribeIntoday’ssocialmediaworld,itiseasytofindagroupoflike-mindedindividualsinterestedinsharingyourgoal.Getyourselfasocialgrouplikethis.However,justasthereisabrightsidetohavingasocialtribe,thepitfall(隱患)isthepressure.Don’tgetconsumedbysocialmediaandwhatothersaredoing.19.Acceptfailureandforgiveyourself20.Acceptthisfailure;ownitandforgiveyourself.Beingharshonyourselfwillonlydoyoumoreharmsoinsteadlearnfromwhatwentwrongandinsteadofquittingtheresolutionattheendofnextyear,seeitthroughuntilyoureachyourgoal.A．MakeapathwaytoreachthatgoalB．BepatientwithyourprogressC．Instead,setgoalslike“exercise20minuteseveryday”or“l(fā)ose15pounds”D．Despiteallyourefforts,itispossiblethatyoumightfailorslipupE．Therefore,newyear’sresolutionsusuallyendupinfailureF．Changeisadifficultprocess—thekeywordsbeing“difficult”and“process”G．Rememberyouhavethisgrouponlyforsupport,notforcomparison【答案】16．F17．C18．A19．G20．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要針對(duì)制定新年計(jì)劃，提供一些有效的建議，幫助大家實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)。16．根據(jù)前句“Butyoumustrememberyoucannotjustbecomeadifferentpersonovernightwhentheclockstrikestwelve.(但是你必須記得：你沒(méi)有辦法在零點(diǎn)鐘聲響起之時(shí)，立刻成為完全不同的人)”可知，你不會(huì)一夜之間就變成另外一個(gè)人，改變應(yīng)該是一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期的、循序漸進(jìn)的過(guò)程，因此改變是比較困難的。F選項(xiàng)句“Changeisadifficultprocess—thekeywordsbeing“difficult”and“process”(改變是一個(gè)困難的過(guò)程——關(guān)鍵詞是困難和過(guò)程)”符合文意，故選F項(xiàng)。17．根據(jù)前文“Vagueplanslike“l(fā)oseweight”,“exercisemore”or“writemore”aregoalswithnoteeth.(諸如“我要減肥”，“加強(qiáng)運(yùn)動(dòng)”，以及“多多寫(xiě)作”此類(lèi)的目標(biāo)，是沒(méi)有效力的)”可知，該段告誡讀者制定計(jì)劃要具體明確，而不能籠統(tǒng)模糊。C選項(xiàng)句“Instead,setgoalslike“exercise20minuteseveryday”or“l(fā)ose15pounds”(相反，我們要制定這樣的計(jì)劃，如每天運(yùn)動(dòng)20分鐘或者減掉15磅的贅肉)”舉例說(shuō)明如何制定明確、具有可操作性的計(jì)劃，符合文意，故選C項(xiàng)。18．根據(jù)后文“Onceyouhavechosenyourgoals,makeaverydetailedplanofhowyouwillreachthatgoal.(一旦你選定目標(biāo)，那么就制定一個(gè)具體的計(jì)劃)”可知，該段旨在建議讀者目標(biāo)制定完畢后，就要清晰地規(guī)劃出實(shí)現(xiàn)它的具體步驟，A選項(xiàng)句“Makeapathwaytoreachthatgoal(制定一條執(zhí)行路線以實(shí)現(xiàn)那個(gè)目標(biāo))”符合段落大意總結(jié)要求，故選A項(xiàng)。19．上文“Intoday’ssocialmediaworld,itiseasytofindagroupoflike-mindedindividualsinterestedinsharingyourgoal.(在如今這個(gè)媒體時(shí)代，很容易找到志同道合的朋友一起去實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo))”可知，作者在本段中建議讀者通過(guò)社交媒體，找到志同道合的人，形成相互支持的圈子，堅(jiān)持完成目標(biāo)。G選項(xiàng)句“Rememberyouhavethisgrouponlyforsupport,notforcomparison(請(qǐng)記得你加入這個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)是尋求彼此的支持，而不是為了攀比)”承接上文，符合文段表意，故選G項(xiàng)。20．根據(jù)下文“Acceptthisfailure;(坦然地接受這樣的失敗)”可知，前文應(yīng)該提醒我們失敗有時(shí)是在所難免的，重要的是我們面對(duì)失敗的態(tài)度，D選項(xiàng)句“Despiteallyourefforts,itispossiblethatyoumightfailorslipup(盡管你拼盡全力，但你仍然有可能會(huì)犯錯(cuò)失敗)”符合文意，故選D項(xiàng)。三、完形填空Standinginthestore,Ilookedatthesuppliesseriously.Withgiftcardsinmyhand,Isaweasels(畫(huà)架),brushesofallkindsandpaperofallsizes.MyfriendsandfamilyhadaskedwhatIwantedformybirthday.Insteadofreplying21with“I’mhappywithwhateveryouchoose”,Isaid22,“Giftcardsforthepaintingstore.”“Areyousure?”myhusbandaskedtentatively.“23,”Ireplied.Iwasbeaming(笑容滿(mǎn)面)with24.“I’veneverpaintedbefore,andIthinkit’stimeIimprovedmyself.”If25betold,ithasbeenadecadesinceItookanytimeto26myowninterests.Iusedtolovetoread;nowmybooks27dust.Iusedtolovetohike;nowmybootssat28inmycupboard.Imisseddoingallthosethings.Iwantedexcitementandcreativeexpression,butmostlyIwanted29.I30themostinterestingsupplies:afull-sizedeasel,brushes,andthemostmarvelouscolors.“I’msoexcited,”Itoldmyhusband.“Ihavea(n)31thatyou’llputtheseinthesame32andnevertouchthemagain,”hereplied.Fora33second,Idoubtedmycommitment.Then,I34myselftothecheckout.Forthefirstmonth,hewasright.I35thesupplieseveryday,butIcouldn’tseemtofindthe36tostart.“Mommy,whenareyougoingtopaint?”mysonaskedcuriouslyoneday.I’dbeen37myeaselfarlongerthanIrealized.“Nobetterdaythantoday,”I38.Withinayear,Isoldmyfirstfourworks.Withineightyears,Ihadthecourageto39myarttoagallery.Mylifewasfullofcolor.Mostimportantly,Ihadanew40.21．A．carefully B．strictly C．modestly D．softly22．A．thoughtfully B．pointedly C．hesitantly D．loudly23．A．casually B．impatiently C．nervously D．Definitely24．A．expectation B．a(chǎn)stonishment C．desperation D．satisfaction25．A．reality B．truth C．a(chǎn)dvice D．case26．A．a(chǎn)ccumulate B．pursue C．restart D．express27．A．became B．collected C．covered D．blew28．A．ignored B．damaged C．restored D．displayed29．A．freedom B．happiness C．wealth D．color30．A．commented B．a(chǎn)ssigned C．selected D．occupied31．A．feeling B．idea C．guess D．promise32．A．cupboard B．room C．box D．bag33．A．painful B．puzzling C．split D．proper34．A．a(chǎn)dapted B．employed C．marched D．devoted35．A．observed B．a(chǎn)dmired C．purchased D．noticed36．A．chance B．space C．time D．opportunity37．A．lookingfor B．takingover C．trackingdown D．staringat38．A．escaped B．gestured C．explained D．a(chǎn)nnounced39．A．submit B．donate C．a(chǎn)pply D．transport40．A．dream B．start C．purpose D．job【答案】21．C22．B23．D24．A25．B26．B27．B28．A29．D30．C31．A32．A33．C34．C35．B36．C37．D38．D39．A40．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為記敘文，主要講的是作者在家人懷疑的口吻下買(mǎi)了繪畫(huà)用品，一開(kāi)始她似乎并不能找出時(shí)間開(kāi)始畫(huà)畫(huà)，但是在兒子的一次偶然詢(xún)問(wèn)下，作者開(kāi)始繪畫(huà)并堅(jiān)持下去，最終讓生活充滿(mǎn)了色彩。21．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我沒(méi)有謙虛地回答“你選什么我都滿(mǎn)意”，而是直截了當(dāng)?shù)卣f(shuō)：“繪畫(huà)店的禮品卡?！盇.carefully仔細(xì)地；B.strictly嚴(yán)格地；C.modestly謙虛地；D.softly溫柔地。根據(jù)下文“I’mhappywithwhateveryouchoose”可知，此處表示“我沒(méi)有謙虛地回答“你選什么我都滿(mǎn)意””。故選C。22．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我沒(méi)有謙虛地回答“你選什么我都滿(mǎn)意”，而是直截了當(dāng)?shù)卣f(shuō)：“繪畫(huà)店的禮品卡?！盇.thoughtfully沉思地；B.pointedly直言不諱地；C.hesitantly猶豫地；D.loudly大聲地。根據(jù)下文“Giftcardsforthepaintingstore”可知，此處表示作者直截了當(dāng)?shù)卣f(shuō)想要繪畫(huà)店的禮品卡。故選B。23．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：“當(dāng)然，”我回答。A.casually隨意地；B.impatiently不耐煩地；C.nervously緊張地；D.Definitely當(dāng)然。根據(jù)下文“I’veneverpaintedbefore,andIthinkit’stimeIimprovedmyself”可知，作者很確定自己要繪畫(huà)店的禮品卡，因此回答的是“當(dāng)然”。故選D。24．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我喜笑顏開(kāi)，滿(mǎn)懷期待。A.expectation期待；B.astonishment驚訝；C.desperation絕望；D.satisfaction滿(mǎn)意。根據(jù)上文“Iwasbeaming(笑容滿(mǎn)面)with”可知，作者很開(kāi)心，對(duì)禮物滿(mǎn)懷期待。故選A。25．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：說(shuō)實(shí)話，我已經(jīng)有十年沒(méi)有花時(shí)間追求自己的興趣了。A.reality現(xiàn)實(shí)；B.truth真相；C.advice建議；D.case情況。根據(jù)下文“ithasbeenadecadesinceItookanytimeto___6___myowninterests”可知，作者已經(jīng)有十年沒(méi)有花時(shí)間追求自己的興趣了，這是實(shí)話，“iftruthbetold”為固定句式，意為“說(shuō)實(shí)話”。故選B。26．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：說(shuō)實(shí)話，我已經(jīng)有十年沒(méi)有花時(shí)間追求自己的興趣了。A.accumulate積累；B.pursue追求；C.restart重新開(kāi)始；D.express表達(dá)。根據(jù)下文“myowninterests”可知，此處表示“追求自己的興趣”。故選B。27．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在我的書(shū)落滿(mǎn)了灰塵。A.became成為；B.collected聚集，聚積；C.covered覆蓋；D.blew吹。根據(jù)下文“dust”和“Imisseddoingallthosethings”可知，作者的書(shū)落滿(mǎn)了灰塵，也就是聚積了灰塵。故選B。28．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在我的靴子在我的壁櫥里無(wú)人問(wèn)津。A.ignored忽視；B.damaged破壞；C.restored恢復(fù)；D.displayed展示。根據(jù)下文“Imisseddoingallthosethings”可知，作者的靴子在壁櫥里無(wú)人問(wèn)津，因此空格處是“忽視”。故選A。29．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我想要刺激和創(chuàng)造性的表達(dá)，但最想要的是色彩。A.freedom自由；B.happiness快樂(lè)；C.wealth財(cái)富；D.color色彩。根據(jù)下文“themostinterestingsupplies:afull-sizedeasel,brushes,andthemostmarvelouscolors”可知，作者想畫(huà)畫(huà)，因此作者最想要的是色彩。故選D。30．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我選擇了最有趣的用品：一個(gè)全尺寸的畫(huà)架，畫(huà)筆和最奇妙的顏料。A.commented評(píng)論；B.assigned布置（工作、任務(wù)）；C.selected挑選，選擇；D.occupied占據(jù)。根據(jù)下文“themostinterestingsupplies:afull-sizedeasel,brushes,andthemostmarvelouscolors”可知，作者選擇了最有趣的用品。故選C。31．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“我有一種感覺(jué)，你會(huì)把它們放在同一個(gè)壁櫥里，再也不碰它們了?！彼卮?。A.feeling感覺(jué)；B.idea主意；C.guess猜測(cè)；D.promise承諾。根據(jù)下文“you’llputtheseinthesame___12___andnevertouchthemagain”可知，這是作者丈夫表達(dá)的自己的一種感覺(jué)。故選A。32．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“我有一種感覺(jué)，你會(huì)把它們放在同一個(gè)壁櫥里，再也不碰它們了?！彼卮稹.cupboard壁櫥；B.room房間；C.box盒子；D.bag袋，包。根據(jù)第8空后的“inmycupboard”和上文“inthesame”可知，此處表示“你會(huì)把它們放在同一個(gè)壁櫥里”。故選A。33．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：有那么一瞬間，我懷疑自己的承諾。A.painful痛苦的；B.puzzling令人困惑的；C.split分裂的；D.proper適當(dāng)?shù)?。根?jù)下文“Idoubtedmycommitment.Then,I___14___myselftothecheckout”可知，有那么一瞬間，作者懷疑自己的承諾，asplitsecond意為“剎那，瞬間”。故選C。34．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，我大步走向收銀臺(tái)。A.adapted改編；B.employed雇傭；C.marched快步走；D.devoted獻(xiàn)身，致力。根據(jù)下文“myselftothecheckout”可知，作者大步走向收銀臺(tái)。故選C。35．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我每天都欣賞這些東西，但我似乎找不到時(shí)間開(kāi)始。A.observed觀察；B.admired欣賞；C.purchased購(gòu)買(mǎi)；D.noticed注意到。根據(jù)下文“butIcouldn’tseemtofindthe___16___tostart”可知，作者還沒(méi)開(kāi)始畫(huà)，只是欣賞這些東西。故選B。36．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我每天都欣賞這些東西，但我似乎找不到時(shí)間開(kāi)始。A.chance機(jī)會(huì)；B.space空間；C.time時(shí)間；D.opportunity機(jī)會(huì)。根據(jù)下文“whenareyougoingtopaint”可知，作者似乎找不到時(shí)間開(kāi)始。故選C。37．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我盯著畫(huà)架的時(shí)間比我意識(shí)到的要長(zhǎng)得多。A.lookingfor尋找；B.takingover接管；C.trackingdown追蹤；D.staringat盯著。根據(jù)上文“I___15___thesupplieseveryday”可知，作者盯著畫(huà)架的時(shí)間比作者意識(shí)到的要長(zhǎng)得多。故選D。38．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“沒(méi)有比今天更好的一天了?！蔽倚嫉?。A.escaped逃跑；B.gestured打手勢(shì)；C.explained解釋?zhuān)籇.announced宣布。根據(jù)上文“Nobetterdaythantoday”可知，這是作者宣布的事情。故選D。39．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：不到八年，我就有勇氣把我的作品交給畫(huà)廊。A.submit提交；B.donate捐贈(zèng)；C.apply申請(qǐng)；D.transport運(yùn)輸。根據(jù)下文“myarttoagallery”可知，此處指把自己的作品交給畫(huà)廊。故選A。40．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：最重要的是，我有了新的目標(biāo)。A.dream；B.start開(kāi)始；C.purpose目的；D.job工作。根據(jù)上文“Withinayear,Isoldmyfirstfourworks.Withineightyears,Ihadthecourageto___19___myarttoagallery.Mylifewasfullofcolor”可知，作者的人生中有了新的目標(biāo)，那就是畫(huà)畫(huà)。故選C。四、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。GhanimAl-Muftahwasbornwithararecondition41(know)asCaudalRegressionSyndrome(CRS).Thediseasecausesitspatientstobebornwithoutthelowerhalfofthebody.Naturally,onewouldexpectGhanimtouse42wheelchair,butheinsistsonmovingaroundonhishandsbecausehebelievesthatheshouldmakeuseofeverything43whichheisblessedratherthanfocusonwhathedoesn’thave.Ghanim44(encounter)allkindsofchallengesinhislife,especiallyextensivemedicalinterventionsandsurgery.Buthehasafirmbelief45withfaith,commitmentandhardworkhewillbefreetoaccomplishhisambitions.Despite46(he)disability,Ghanimhasovercomeextremedifficultieswith47(positive)andleadership,andthisiswhatmakeshimanexceptionalcharacter.Heisa48(motivate)speaker,goodwillambassadorandentrepreneur.Heisfollowedbymillionsalloverhissocialmediaplatformsand49(show)totheworldhowlifewithadisabilitycanbefulfillingandworthwhile.Hisstoryhasserved50(amaze)andinspirepeopleacrosstheworld.Heisaprominentandexemplaryindividualoftoday’syouthandanadvocatefordisabledpeopleacrosstheworld.【答案】41．known42．a(chǎn)43．with44．hasencountered/encountered45．that46．his47．positivity48．motivational49．shows