高三一輪復(fù)習(xí)講義外研版Unit4

Everydayeconomics選擇性必修第四冊03隨堂鞏固深度拓展02深度學(xué)習(xí)拓展能力自主學(xué)習(xí)夯實基礎(chǔ)01內(nèi)容索引04情境遷移寫作微練05單元測評自主學(xué)習(xí)夯實基礎(chǔ)Part1單元詞匯——分類自測閱讀詞匯——語境識意1.getanextrabonus

___________________2.provideenoughcalories

_________________3.thereby

reducetherisk _____________4.cartheft

_________5.theelectronicpurse

_________6.rationalchoice _______________7.discriminateagainstnoone _____________8.theenterprisingspirit _________9.shutoffautomatically

__________10.theeducationoffreshmen

_________________得到一筆額外的獎金提供足夠的卡路里由此減少危險偷盜汽車電子錢包基于理性的選擇不歧視任何人創(chuàng)業(yè)精神自動關(guān)閉一年級學(xué)生的教育11.ascarontheforehead

_______________12.vicechairwoman

________13.seethesunrise _______14.northoftheequator

_________15.abiginputofresources _______________額頭上有一道疤副女主席看日出赤道以北資源的大量投入拓展詞匯——變形拼寫第一組：動詞變形_________v．使懊喪，使沮喪→___________n．懊喪，懊惱，沮喪→__________adj.沮喪的；懊惱的→___________adj.令人沮喪的2.___________v．大量生產(chǎn)→____________n．制造商；制造公司，制造廠3.____________v．不公正地區(qū)別對待，歧視→______________n．歧視；區(qū)別；辨別力；識別力frustratefrustrationfrustratedfrustratingmanufacturemanufacturerdiscriminatediscrimination4._______v．商量，請教→__________n．顧問→____________n．咨詢；商討5.__________v．分發(fā)；分銷→____________n．(商品的)分銷，經(jīng)銷6._____v．指引；闡明；指導(dǎo)→________n．指導(dǎo)，引導(dǎo)7.__________v．積累，積聚→____________n．積累；堆積物consultconsultantconsultationdistributedistributionguideguidanceaccumulateaccumulation第二組：名詞、形容詞變形8._____adj.頭暈?zāi)垦５摹鷂______adv.頭暈眼花地→_________n．頭暈眼花9._________adj.昂貴的→_______n．費(fèi)用，花費(fèi)10._________adj.自動的→_____________adv.自動地11.______n．令人悲傷的事，不幸→_________adj.悲傷的；悲痛的12._______n．財政，金融→_________adj.財政的，金融的；財務(wù)的dizzydizzilydizzinessexpensiveexpenseautomaticautomaticallysorrowsorrowfulfinancefinancial13._________n．(事物的)潛力，可能性→___________adv.可能地，潛在地14.__________n．慣例；習(xí)俗→____________adj.傳統(tǒng)的，常規(guī)的15._______n．主題；話題；科目；主語→__________adj.主觀的→____________adv.主觀地16.____________n．企業(yè)家，創(chuàng)業(yè)者→_______________adj.創(chuàng)業(yè)的，具有創(chuàng)業(yè)精神的17.________adj.質(zhì)量上乘的，優(yōu)質(zhì)的→___________n．優(yōu)勢；優(yōu)越感potentialpotentiallyconventionconventionalsubjectsubjectivesubjectivelyentrepreneurentrepreneurialsuperiorsuperiority后綴-age，用在動詞或形容詞后變名詞，表示狀態(tài)、狀況，多為不可數(shù)名詞后綴。①cover覆蓋→coverage覆蓋范圍②marry結(jié)婚→marriage婚姻③shrink收縮→shrinkage收縮④short短缺→shortage缺乏⑤post郵寄→postage郵資⑥leak泄露→leakage泄漏

掌握規(guī)律·詞匯拓展核心詞匯——單句應(yīng)用1.(2024·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷)Farber，agraduateofColoradoStateUniversity，startedoutasamore____________(convention)veterinarian.2.(2024·浙江1月卷)Therefore，justasweneedtobemorethoughtfulaboutour_______(calorie)consumption，wealsoneedtobemorethoughtfulaboutourinformationconsumption...3.(2022·全國乙卷)Itcomesaftermorethanhalfofsoftdrinkssoldinshopshavehadtheirsugarlevelscutby_____________(manufacture)sotheycanavoidpayingthetax.4.Heappearedtobetreatingthe___________(potential)explosivesituationwithsomesensitivity.conventionalcaloricmanufacturerspotentially5.Afterspinningaroundontheride，Ifeltastrong_________(dizzy)andhadtositdownforamoment.6.Yesterday，I_________(purchase)anewbookfromthebookstorethatIhadwantedtoreadformonths.7.Thesoupwas______(mild)spicy，soIcouldstilltastealltheflavorswithoutitbeingtoohot.8.Theteachersaidthatmygradeswere_________(exceed)herexpectationsthissemester，whichmademeveryhappy.9.Theteacher______usthroughalltheimportantpointsandwegotfullypreparedunderthe________ofherbeforetheexam.(guide)dizzinesspurchased

mildlyexceedingguidedguidance10.Thepurposeofeducationisnotonlythe____________ofknowledgebutitalsomeans____________intelligenceaswellasabilities.(accumulate)11.Everyonemayhavehisorher___________inlife.Sometimesthe___________experiencesmakeme__________．(frustrate)12.Thecarisso_________．It'stoomuchofan_______formetoownthattypeofcar.(expense)13.Whoeverwilltakechargeofthe____________offoodandclothingisreadytohelpvolunteers__________themtothoseinneed.(distribute)accumulationaccumulatingfrustrationfrustratingfrustratingexpensiveexpensedistributiondistributePart2短語句式——教材精選Ⅰ.選擇合適的短語并用其正確形式填空1．Theproject_______________approvalfromtheboard.2．Withtherisingcostofliving，itcanbechallengingto________________onaminimumwage.3．___________________，peoplestareattheirphoneswhilewaitingforbuses.endup，makeendsmeet，responseto，attheexpenseof，gointodebt，besuperiorto，rentout，interferewith，varyfrom...to...，asto，inthehopeof，keep...inmind，takeadvantageof，rowuponrow，outofdebt，takeadeepbreath，startout，asisoftenthecase，besubjecttoissubjecttomakeendsmeetAsisoftenthecase4．Itisimportanttoteachchildrenaboutpersonalboundariesandwhattodoifsomeonetriesto_______________them.5．Ifyoukeepspendingmoneylikethisusingsomanycreditcards，you'll______________．6．LastsummerBrian___________hishouseandwentcamping.7．Whenyoufeelstressed,

________________andrelax.8．Weneedto__________earlybecausethejourneywilltakesixhours.endup，makeendsmeet，responseto，attheexpenseof，gointodebt，besuperiorto，rentout，interferewith，varyfrom...to...，asto，inthehopeof，keep...inmind，takeadvantageof，rowuponrow，outofdebt，takeadeepbreath，startout，asisoftenthecase，besubjecttointerferewithgointodebtrentedouttakeadeepbreathstartout

9．Theexhibitionfeaturesartworks_____________classicalpaintings__modernsculptures.10．Thenewmodel_____________thepreviousversionintermsofperformance.endup，makeendsmeet，responseto，attheexpenseof，gointodebt，besuperiorto，rentout，interferewith，varyfrom...to...，asto，inthehopeof，keep...inmind，takeadvantageof，rowuponrow，outofdebt，takeadeepbreath，startout，asisoftenthecase，besubjecttovaryingfromtoissuperiorto返回Ⅱ.根據(jù)所給漢語和要求完成下面的句子1．他感激之情溢于言表，眼淚不由自主地流了下來。(獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu))Hewasoverwhelmedwithgratitude，______________________________．2．這一證據(jù)過于籠統(tǒng)，不足以支持他的論點(diǎn)。(enoughtodosth)Theevidenceis_____________________________________．tearsrollingdownwithoutcontrolnotdetailedenoughtosupporthisargument深度學(xué)習(xí)拓展能力Part1核心詞匯——多維練透guidance

n．指導(dǎo)，引導(dǎo)1巧歸納(1)undersb'sguidance/undertheguidanceofsb

在某人的指導(dǎo)下(2)guide

v．指導(dǎo)；指引

n．向?qū)uidesbto... 指引某人去……①Withanative_______(guide)us，wefinallyfoundtheancienttemple.②[應(yīng)用文寫作之感謝信]

在您的專業(yè)指導(dǎo)下，我們的英語比以前更好了，并在最近的考試中取得了令人滿意的成績。______________________________，ourEnglishisbetterthanbeforeandwehaveachievedsatisfactoryresultsintherecentexams.③您的指導(dǎo)對于本專欄取得巨大成功將有重大價值。_______________________________inmakingthiscolumnagreatsuccess.④這條路越來越危險，地圖指引著他們穿過茂密的樹林和泥濘的濕地。Thepathgrewmoredangerous，and_________________________________________andmuddywetlands.guidingUnderyourprofessionalguidanceYourguidancewillbeinvaluablethemapsguidedthemthroughthickwoodsexpense

n．費(fèi)用，花費(fèi)2巧歸納atsb'sexpense

由某人付錢/負(fù)擔(dān)費(fèi)用attheexpenseof

在犧牲(或損害)……的情況下sparenoexpense

不惜一切代價putsbtotheexpenseof(doing)sth

使某人花錢(于……)①Toooften，whenyoustanduptogiveaspeech，youfocusonthe“public”__theexpenseofthe“speaking”．②Nowadaysmoreandmoregirlstrytobecomeslim________________________________________(以犧牲她們的健康為代價).③[讀后續(xù)寫之情感細(xì)節(jié)描寫]

令她震驚且高興的是，他不惜代價把一切安排得井井有條。Tohershockandexcitement，he'sarrangedeverything，________________．④公司出錢請我們外出就餐。Weweretakenoutforameal_______________________．a(chǎn)tattheexpenseofsacrificingtheirhealthnoexpensesparedatthecompany'sexpensego

into

debt

陷入債務(wù)之中，負(fù)債3巧歸納indebt(tosb)

欠(某人)債；受(某人)恩惠owesbadebt

欠某人債；欠某人人情outofdebt

不欠債payoffdebts

還清債務(wù)fall/get/runintodebt

陷入債務(wù)之中；負(fù)債getoutofdebt 擺脫債務(wù)①He_____(go)intodebttostarthisownbusinessandhopedtheriskwouldpayoffinthelongrun.②Ifapersonisheavily____debt，heisunabletoearnhisliving，letalonegainindependence.③經(jīng)過多年的努力，他終于成功擺脫了債務(wù)。Afteryearsofhardwork,hefinally_______________________．④[中國元素]

隨著中國經(jīng)濟(jì)的飛速發(fā)展，中國的許多年輕企業(yè)家愿意負(fù)債，他們相信潛在的回報超過了暫時的經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān)。WiththerapiddevelopmentofChina'seconomy，manyyoungentrepreneursinChinaare____________________，believingthatthepotentialrewardsoutweighthetemporaryfinancialburden.wentinmanagedtogetoutofdebtwillingtogointodebtPart2經(jīng)典句式——寫作遷移句型公式：enough

to

do

sth

足夠……做某事(結(jié)果狀語)

巧歸納(1)該句型常用“形容詞/副詞＋enoughtodo”結(jié)構(gòu)，動詞不定式常作結(jié)果狀語。(2)不搭配enough時，動詞不定式短語也可以作結(jié)果狀語，但常常放在逗號后，表示意想不到的結(jié)果。①Ifyou're_________________________(足夠幸運(yùn)收到禮物)，keeptheminasafeplace.②[讀后續(xù)寫之情感細(xì)節(jié)描寫]

獨(dú)自走在黑暗的樹林嚇得我毛骨悚然。Walkingaloneinthedarkforestwas_______________________________________．③(2023·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷讀后續(xù)寫)Itwasyourencouragementthatmademe________________________________(足夠勇敢去報名參賽).④他的父親終于宣布他長大了，可以幫忙放羊了。Hisfatherhadfinallydeclaredhim__________________________________．luckyenoughtoreceivegiftsscaryenoughtomakemyhairstandonendbraveenoughtosignupforthecontestoldenoughtohelptakethesheeptoherdPart3語境辨義——舉一反三Ⅰ.熟詞生義(寫出句中加黑詞匯的詞性及漢語意思)1．(2020·浙江7月卷)Weyelledatthebear,hitpotshard,andfiredblankshotgunshellsintotheair. _________2．(2022·浙江1月卷)Thebenefitsofregularexercisearewelldocumentedbutthere'sanewbonustoaddtotheever-growinglist. _____________3．Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages,oftenspokenbymanypeople,whilehot,wetzoneshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers. ___________4．(2022·全國乙卷)Theresultswereclear：Ouryoungsubjectscomprehendedthequestionsandknewexactlywhatwasaskedofthem._______________________adj.空的n.額外的好處adj.溫和的n.實驗對象，接受試驗者5．(2022·全國乙卷)FirstannouncedinApril,2016,thetaxwhichappliestosoftdrinkscontainingmorethan5gofsugarper100ml,wasintroducedtohelpreducechildhoodobesity(肥胖). ___________________6．(2022·全國甲卷)Ayearlater,muchtomydelight,thismanproducedalittleboxwitharingandproposedtome. _____________7．Butwewanttogobeyondonemanandexplorethenatureofgeniusitself._______vt.推行，實施，采用vt.拿出，出示n.本質(zhì)Ⅱ.一詞多義(選出下列單詞在句中的正確釋義)1．bonus①Thebonusofthisjobistheflexibleworkinghours. _____②Theemployeesreceivedabonusfortheirhardworkthroughouttheyear._____③Thedirector'scutincludesabonusscenethatwasnotinthetheatricalrelease. _____A．n.獎金，額外津貼

B．n.額外的好處C．n.(在電影、電視劇或書籍中)額外的一集或章節(jié)

D．n.意外收獲

BAC返回2．mild①Thefabrichasamildtexturethatfeelssofttothetouch. _____②Heprefershiscoffeemild，withouttoomuchbitterness. _____③Shehadamildcoldandhopeditwouldn'tgetworse. _____A．a(chǎn)dj.溫和的 B．a(chǎn)dj.輕微的，不嚴(yán)重的C．a(chǎn)dj.淡的，不濃烈的 D．a(chǎn)dj.柔軟的，不粗糙的

DCB隨堂鞏固深度拓展Ⅰ.語篇語境綜合練(語境創(chuàng)新——詞匯再練)

Everydayeconomicscansometimesseem1._______(dizzy)complex，butitaffectsusall.Forinstance，weallneedtomakeendsmeet，whichmeansmanagingour2._________(finance)resourceswisely.Peopleoftenfeel3.______(mild)confusedabouttermslikedistributionor4.___________(potential)losingmoney，especiallywhen5.____________(convention)methodsareinterferedwith.

Considerthecaseofsomeonewhohas6.___________(accumulate)somewealth.Theymightdecidetorentoutanextraroomtoincreasetheirincome.

However，theyhavetobecarefulabouttheftorotherissues.Theycouldevenhirea7.__________(consult)forbetterguidance.dizzilyfinancialmildlypotentiallyconventionalaccumulatedconsultant

Sometimes，whatis8._________(purchase)maynotmeetexpectationsdueto9.__________(subject)experiences，makingthesituation10._________(sorrow)forthebuyer.Moreover，successmightcome11._____________(automatic)tosomeandbehardertoothersattheexpenseoftheirtimeandefforts.Economistsmustbe12.______________(discriminate)observerstounderstandthesetrendsandoffersolutions.purchasedsubjectivesorrowfulautomaticallydiscriminatingⅡ.真題難句拓展練(剖析長句——精準(zhǔn)翻譯)1．(2023·浙江1月卷)Asyoumakeyourlifestylechanges，youmayfindyourselfwantingtospeakupforyourselfifotherscommentonwhatyou'redoing，whichcanturnitselfintoawholehouseholddebate.[剖析]本句是一個復(fù)合句。句子主干為主謂賓補(bǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)

______________________________；as引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句；if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句；what作commenton的賓語；which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。[翻譯]

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________youmayfindyourselfwanting...當(dāng)你改變自己的生活方式時，你可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)，如果別人對你的所作所為發(fā)表評論，你會想為自己爭辯，這可能會變成整個家庭的爭論。2．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Ithappenedthattheplantdowntownneededeightkidsfortemporaryhelpduringourspringbreak，forwhichIhadnoplansbeyondlisteningtomyfavoriterecords.[剖析]本句是一個復(fù)合句。句子主干為“________________”句型，意為“碰巧，恰好……”；that引導(dǎo)主語從句；forwhich引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，which指代前面的springbreak。[翻譯]

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Ithappenedthat...碰巧在我們放春假的時候，位于市中心的這家工廠需要八個孩子臨時幫忙，而我除了聽喜歡的唱片，也沒什么特別要做的事情。返回情境遷移寫作微練Ⅰ.應(yīng)用文寫作增分練——身邊的經(jīng)濟(jì)(介紹中國便利的支付方式)結(jié)合本單元話題，用單元詞匯、經(jīng)典句型完成下面的應(yīng)用文寫作并背誦。[基礎(chǔ)語料]單元詞匯potential，purchase，superior，theft，financial，automatically，thereby;attheexpenseof，makeendsmeet，interferewith，gointodebt經(jīng)典句型it形式主語句型；but轉(zhuǎn)折并列句；making動詞-ing形式作狀語；as狀語從句；which非限制性定語從句[情境呈現(xiàn)]假定你是李華，你的新西蘭筆友Alex來信說，他們那兒買東西還是以現(xiàn)金、支票和刷信用卡為主，他非常想了解中國人在日常生活中的支付方式，跟過去有什么變化等等。請你回復(fù)郵件回答相關(guān)問題。[思路點(diǎn)撥]人稱以第三人稱為主時態(tài)以一般現(xiàn)在時為主內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)線索第一段引出主題(寫郵件的目的)→第二段介紹具體情況→結(jié)尾提出希望[寫作輸出]DearAlex，

ThankyouforyourinterestinhowwemakepurchasesinChina.(1)_________________________________________________________(看到不同的文化如何處理錢款交易是很有趣的；financial;it形式主語句型).

(2)_______________________________________________________________(過去，現(xiàn)金為王，但現(xiàn)在，數(shù)字支付已經(jīng)占據(jù)了主導(dǎo)地位；but轉(zhuǎn)折并列句).MobileappslikeAlipayandWeChatPayhavebecomesuperiorfortheirconvenienceandsecurity.(3)___________________________________________________________________________________(他們會自動從你的賬戶中扣除費(fèi)用，從而使交易變得方便；automatically，thereby；making動詞-ing形式作狀語).It'sfascinatingtoseehowdifferentcultureshandlefinancialdealsInthepast，cashwasking，butnow，digitalpaymentshavetakentheleadTheyautomaticallytakeawaythecostfromyouraccount,

therebymakingtransactionsconvenient(4)______________________________________________________(由于現(xiàn)金的使用頻率降低，盜竊的可能性也降低了；potential，theft;as引導(dǎo)狀語從句).(5)______________________________________________________________________________________________(這對許多人來說是一種經(jīng)濟(jì)上的好處，因為它幫助他們維持收支平衡，而不用擔(dān)心賠錢；financial，makeendsmeet；which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句).

IhopethisgivesyouaglimpseintothemodernwayofpaymentinChina.Bestregards，LiHuaThepotentialfortheftisreducedascashislessfrequentlyusedThishasbeenafinancialbenefitformany，whichhelpsthemmakeendsmeetwithoutthefearoflosingmoney[變式表達(dá)]根據(jù)句(5)意義完成下面句子，保持意義基本一致。Thishasbrought__________________tonumerousindividuals，_________________________________________withoutworryingaboutmoneyloss.financialadvantagesenablingthemtomanagetheirfinanceseffectivelyⅡ.讀后續(xù)寫微點(diǎn)練——節(jié)儉的母親善于利用日常廢舊物品(膽怯害羞)[基礎(chǔ)語料]詞匯shy

害羞的timid

膽小的reserved

內(nèi)向的fearful

害怕的anxious

焦慮的hesitant

猶豫的nervous

緊張的beafraidofone'sownshadow 膽小到連自己的影子都害怕havestagefright

怯場betongue-tied

張口結(jié)舌句式where引導(dǎo)定語從句；when引導(dǎo)狀語從句；獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)細(xì)節(jié)描寫1.Shefelt

shywhenspeakinginfrontofalargegroupforthefirsttime.她第一次在一大群人面前講話時感到害羞。2.Hewas

too

timid

toaskhisbossforaraise.他太膽小，不敢要求老板加薪。3.Hesitant

to

express

her

opinion，sheremained

silentduringthemeeting.她猶豫著表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn)，在會議中保持沉默。4.His

timid

nature

made

it

difficult

for

him

to

make

new

friends.他膽小的性格使得他很難結(jié)交新朋友。5.The

reserved

student

sat

quietlyinthecorneroftheclassroom.那個內(nèi)向的學(xué)生靜靜地坐在教室的角落里。[情境呈現(xiàn)](2024·八校聯(lián)考·讀后續(xù)寫)敘述者的母親非常節(jié)儉，喜歡重復(fù)利用物品→去年，家里的玉米田收成不好，因為鳥吃了莊稼→母親開始把看似無用的東西都存放在閣樓上→母親收到了一頂漂亮的帽子作為禮物，但她既不想扔掉也不想戴→母親拿著帽子去了閣樓，Josh和敘述者聽到她在移動箱子→母親用一個裝滿稻草的面粉袋和帽子做了一個稻草人，但覺得它還不夠堅固和嚇人→……[思路點(diǎn)撥]文體：記敘文人稱：第三人稱時態(tài)：一般過去時為主續(xù)寫思路：根據(jù)所給句子“Comewithme！”Joshcalledout.可知，接下來可能要寫母親描述她是如何用閣樓上的其他物品來加固和裝飾稻草人的?；蛘逬osh和敘述者如何幫助母親改進(jìn)稻草人，使其更適合放在田里嚇唬鳥。[寫作輸出]

“Come

with

me！”Josh

called

out.Thenextinstant，heracedupstairswithlightningspeed.(1)_____________________________________________________________(我急忙跟著他進(jìn)了閣樓，在那里我們開始了徹底的搜索；where引導(dǎo)定語從句).(2)________________________________________________________________(當(dāng)我們找到了破雨傘時，媽媽被我們的興奮逗樂了；when引導(dǎo)狀語從句)andusedthemasthebackboneofthescarecrow.(3)_________________________________________________(之后，我們整理了一些舊床單并把它們系在稻草人上).Thescarecrownowlookedevenscarier.(4)_________________________________________________________________________________(我們把我們的創(chuàng)造物拖到玉米地，把它牢牢地栽在泥土里，心中充滿了希望；獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)).Ihurriedtofollowhimintotheattic，wherewebeganathoroughsearchMomwasamusedbyourexcitementwhenwefoundthebrokenumbrellasAfterthat，wesortedoutsomeoldsheetsandtiedthemonWedraggedourcreationtothecornfieldandplanteditfirmlyinthemud，ourheartsfullofhope

返回[變式表達(dá)]用動詞-ed形式短語作狀語改寫句(2)。_________________________________________________________________________________________________Amusedbyourexcitementwhenwefoundthebrokenumbrellas，Momusedthemasthebackboneofthescarecrow.單元測評Ⅰ.閱讀理解(本題共8個小題；每小題2.5分，共20分)A(2025·武漢二調(diào))

JosefaMarinwenttoNewYorkfromMexicoin1987,supportingherdaughterbackhomewiththe$140aweeksheearnedatasweaterfactory.Withthatsmallincome,shehadtocollectrecyclables,tradingincansforfivecentseach.

Whentheclothingfactorycloseddowninthelate2000s,shebecameafull-timerecycler,pickingupcansandbottlestomakeendsmeet.

Marin'sstoryisnotunique.Millionsaroundtheworldmakealivingfrompickingthroughwasteandresellingit—avitalrolethatkeepswastemanageable.

InNewYorkCity,theadministrativedepartmentcollectsonlyabout28percentofthecansthatcouldberecycled.Rubbishcollectorskeepmillionsofadditionalrecyclablesoutoflandfillseveryyear.

Yetcollectorsareruledoutbygovernmentpolicies.TheUnitedStatesSupremeCourtin1988statedthathouseholdgarbageispublicpropertyonceit'sonthestreet.Thatenablespolicetosearchrubbishforevidence,butthatprotectionhasn'talwaysbeenextendedtorecyclers.AndinplaceslikeNewYorkCity,whichistestingcity-ownedlockedcontainerstohidegarbagefromrats,containersaremadeclearlyinaccessibleforcollectors.

“There'svalueinthewaste,andwefeelthatvalueshouldbelongtothepeople,notthecityorthecorporations，”saysRyanCastalia,directorofanon-profitrecyclingandcommunitycenterinBrooklyn.

Recognizedornot,wastepickershavelongbeentreatedwithdisrespect.

Marinrecallsanoccasionwhensomeonelivingnexttoabuildingwhereshewascollectingcansthrewwaterather.“BecauseIrecycledoesn'tmeanIamlessofapersonthananyoneelse，”shesays.

Somegovernmentsarestartingtorealizethatprotectingtheenvironmentandhumanitygohandinhand.TheUnitedNation's2030AgendaforSustainableDevelopment,forexample,callsforanendtopovertyandalltherisksitbrings.語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了垃圾收集者收集可回收物品來維持生計，但這個職業(yè)往往受到政府政策的排斥和社會的不尊重。文章最后提到，一些政府開始意識到保護(hù)環(huán)境與保護(hù)人類權(quán)益的重要性是相輔相成的。1．Whatistheauthor'spurposeoftellingaboutMarin?A．Tohighlightwastecollectors'role.B．Toreflectlaid-offworkers'hardship.C．Topraiseherdevotiontoherdaughter.D．Toshowtheseriousnessofunemployment.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的

“Withthatsmallincome,shehadtocollectrecyclables,tradingincansforfivecentseach.”

和文章第三段的第二句可推知，

Marin是垃圾收集者，作者講述Marin的事情的目的是強(qiáng)調(diào)垃圾收集者的作用。故選A?！?．Howdoestheauthorshowtheimportanceofwastepickers'work?A．Bycontrasting.B．Bycitingreference.C．Bygivingdefinitions.D．Bycause-effectanalysis.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段中

“InNewYorkCity,theadministrativedepartmentcollectsonlyabout28percentofthecansthatcouldberecycled.

Rubbishcollectorskeepmillionsofadditionalrecyclablesoutoflandfillseveryyear.”

可推知，作者通過對比政府和垃圾收集者的收集數(shù)據(jù)，展示垃圾收集者工作的重要性。故選A?！?．WhatwouldMarinagreewith?A．Businessisbusiness.B．Nojobisnobleorhumble.C．Theearlybirdscatchworms.D．Onegoodturndeservesanother.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段

Marin說的話

“BecauseIrecycledoesn'tmeanIamlessofapersonthananyoneelse”

可知，

Marin

認(rèn)為，她回收垃圾并不意味著她比其他人差。由此可推知，Marin認(rèn)為工作沒有高貴或卑微之分。故選B?！?．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A．Howcanweendpoverty?B．Whoownsourgarbage?C．Whotakesblameforwaste?D．Howshouldwerecyclerubbish?√標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文，尤其根據(jù)文章第四段中的

“TheUnitedStatesSupremeCourtin1988statedthathouseholdgarbageispublicpropertyonceit'sonthestreet.”

和第五段內(nèi)容可知，文章從垃圾的歸屬問題入手，呼吁政府不僅要關(guān)注環(huán)境治理也要關(guān)注人類權(quán)益。所以B項

“Whoownsourgarbage？”

適合作文章的最佳標(biāo)題。故選B。B(2025·T8聯(lián)考)

Abouttenyearsago,loggingintoFacebook,Twitter,orInstagramwouldmostlyshowpostsfromfriendsandfamilyintheordertheywereposted.Today,theseplatformspresentamixofcontent,tailoredbyalgorithms(算法)tomatchusers'interests,whetherit'splants,sports,cats,orpolitics.

KyleChayka,awriterforThe

New

Yorker,

discussesthistopicinhisbook,

Filterworld:How

Algorithms

Flattened

Culture.Heexplainsthatalgorithmsanalyzeuserdatatopredictandinfluencewhattheywilllikelyengagewith.Thismeansthatinsteadofasimple,chronologicalfeed,usersencounteradynamicstream,constantlyadaptingtotheirpreferences.Chaykaexamineshowthesealgorithmicrecommendationscontrolwhatweconsume,frommusicandmoviestofoodandtraveldestinations.Hearguesthatthismachine-drivenselectionprocesshasturnedusintopassiveconsumers,makingourpreferencesandtastesmoresimilar.

Chaykapointsoutthatalgorithmsmakeuspassivebyalwaysshowinguscontentthatwe'reunlikelytoclickawayfrombutwon'tfindtoounexpectedorchallenging.Thisconstantstreamofrecommendationsreducesourexposuretodiverseorchallengingcontent,subtlyshapingourpreferencesandbehaviors.

Moreover,Chaykapointsoutthatalgorithmsalsopressurecontentcreators,likemusiciansandartists,totailortheirworktofitthesedigitalplatforms.Forinstance,musiciansonSpotifyorTikTokmightfocusoncreatingcatchyhooksatthebeginningoftheirsongstograbthelistener'sattention.

Despitethestrongpresenceofthesealgorithms,Chaykabelievesthatregulationcouldreducetheirinfluence.HesuggeststhatifMeta,theparentcompanyofFacebook,wererequiredtoseparateitsvariousservices,likeInstagramorWhatsApp,andmakethemcompetewitheachother,itcouldgiveusersmorecontrolandchoiceovertheirdigitalconsumption.

Insummary,thechangefromsimple,time-orderedsocialmediapoststoalgorithm-drivencontenthasabigimpactonboththeviewersandthecreators,influencingwhatwesee,hear,andeventhink.Chayka'sinsightshighlighttheneedforgreaterawarenessandpotentiallymoreregulationinourincreasinglydigitalworld.語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了如今社交媒體運(yùn)用算法，根據(jù)用戶的喜好進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的推送。5．Accordingtothetext,howhavesocialmediaplatformschangedinthepasttenyears?A．Theyshowpostsinatime-basedorder.B．Theyprioritizepostsfromfriendsandfamily.C．Theymakeadjustmentstosatisfyusers'needs.D．Theyprovidemorecontenttochoose.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知，大約十年前，登錄

Facebook、Twitter或Instagram，展示的大多是朋友和家人發(fā)的帖子。而如今，這些平臺呈現(xiàn)的內(nèi)容是多種多樣的，通過算法進(jìn)行定制，以匹配用戶的興趣。由此可知，社交媒體平臺會根據(jù)用戶的需求進(jìn)行調(diào)整。故選C?！?．WhatdoesKyleChaykathinkofalgorithmicrecommendations?A．Theymakeusersmoreactiveconsumers.B．Theyshapeusers'preferencesandbehaviors.C．Theyreducetheinfluenceofcontentcreators.D．Theyexposeuserstodiverseandchallengingcontent.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的

“...reducesourexposuretodiverseorchallengingcontent,subtlyshapingourpreferencesandbehaviors.”

可知，

KyleChayka認(rèn)為算法推薦的內(nèi)容沒有讓使用者接觸到更具有挑戰(zhàn)性和多樣化的內(nèi)容，這無形中影響了使用者的喜好和行為。故選B?！?．Howdoalgorithmsinfluencemusicians'workondigitalplatforms?A．Byencouragingmusicianstocreatelongersongs.B．Bydiscouragingmusiciansfromusingcatchyhooks.C．Bygivingmusiciansmorecontrolandchoiceovertheirmusic.D．Byrequiringmusicianstocreatetheirworktofittheplatforms.√細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的

“...algorithmsalsopressurecontentcreators...totailortheirworktofitthesedigitalplatforms.”

可知，算法還會迫使音樂家和藝術(shù)家等內(nèi)容創(chuàng)作者調(diào)整自己的作品，以適應(yīng)這些數(shù)字平臺，也就是說，算法要求音樂家創(chuàng)作適合平臺的作品。故選D。8．Whatcanbeconcludedfromthetext?A．Techcompaniesshouldhavemoredepartments.B．Socialmediaalgorithmsgivecontentcreatorslessopportunities.C