2025年大學(xué)試題(醫(yī)學(xué))-中醫(yī)養(yǎng)生學(xué)歷年參考題庫含答案解析(5套)2025年大學(xué)試題(醫(yī)學(xué))-中醫(yī)養(yǎng)生學(xué)歷年參考題庫含答案解析(篇1)【題干1】根據(jù)《黃帝內(nèi)經(jīng)》理論，以下哪項(xiàng)不屬于四季養(yǎng)生的核心原則？【選項(xiàng)】A.春養(yǎng)肝，夏養(yǎng)心B.秋養(yǎng)肺，冬養(yǎng)腎C.夏養(yǎng)脾，冬養(yǎng)心D.陰平陽秘，精神乃治【參考答案】C【詳細(xì)解析】《素問·四氣調(diào)神大論》明確四季對(duì)應(yīng)臟腑為春養(yǎng)肝、夏養(yǎng)心、秋養(yǎng)肺、冬養(yǎng)腎。選項(xiàng)C中“夏養(yǎng)脾”與原文矛盾，因夏季主心火，脾屬土，需通過飲食調(diào)和而非主養(yǎng)。選項(xiàng)D為養(yǎng)生總綱，但題目問“不屬于”原則，故C為正確答案?！绢}干2】五行學(xué)說中，心對(duì)應(yīng)五行中的哪一元素？【選項(xiàng)】A.木B.火C.土D.金【參考答案】B【詳細(xì)解析】五行對(duì)應(yīng)五臟為木（肝）、火（心）、土（脾）、金（肺）、水（腎）。心屬火，火性溫?zé)?，主血脈與神志。選項(xiàng)B正確，其他選項(xiàng)對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系錯(cuò)誤?！绢}干3】以下哪項(xiàng)是藥膳中“平補(bǔ)”類食材的典型代表？【選項(xiàng)】A.人參B.當(dāng)歸C.枸杞D.大棗【參考答案】D【詳細(xì)解析】大棗性平味甘，歸脾、胃經(jīng)，功能補(bǔ)中益氣、養(yǎng)血安神，屬平補(bǔ)類食材。選項(xiàng)A人參屬溫補(bǔ)，B當(dāng)歸屬補(bǔ)血，C枸杞屬滋陰，均不符合“平補(bǔ)”定義?！绢}干4】足三里穴的主治不包括以下哪項(xiàng)？【選項(xiàng)】A.脾胃虛弱B.腹瀉C.神經(jīng)衰弱D.膝關(guān)節(jié)疼痛【參考答案】C【詳細(xì)解析】足三里為足陽明胃經(jīng)要穴，功效調(diào)理脾胃、增強(qiáng)免疫力，臨床用于消化系統(tǒng)疾病及慢性病。選項(xiàng)C神經(jīng)衰弱需配合其他穴位（如內(nèi)關(guān)、神門），非其主治范圍。【題干5】中醫(yī)體質(zhì)辨識(shí)中，“氣虛質(zhì)”的主要表現(xiàn)不包括以下哪項(xiàng)？【選項(xiàng)】A.易疲勞B.自汗C.舌淡苔白D.面色蒼白【參考答案】D【詳細(xì)解析】氣虛質(zhì)典型特征為氣息短促、易疲勞（A）、自汗（B）、舌淡苔白（C），但面色偏白多見于血虛或陽虛體質(zhì)。選項(xiàng)D不符合氣虛質(zhì)表現(xiàn)?！绢}干6】以下哪項(xiàng)不屬于“春夏養(yǎng)陽”的養(yǎng)生方法？【選項(xiàng)】A.飲食清淡B.晚睡早起C.穴位艾灸D.適度運(yùn)動(dòng)【參考答案】C【詳細(xì)解析】《素問·四氣調(diào)神大論》強(qiáng)調(diào)春夏宜養(yǎng)陽，方法包括晚睡早起（順應(yīng)日照）、飲食清淡（防暑濕）、適度運(yùn)動(dòng)（升發(fā)陽氣）。艾灸屬冬季溫陽手段，與春夏養(yǎng)陽原則沖突。【題干7】中醫(yī)認(rèn)為，肝主疏泄，其生理功能不包括以下哪項(xiàng)？【選項(xiàng)】A.情志調(diào)節(jié)B.水液代謝C.氣機(jī)調(diào)暢D.血液運(yùn)行【參考答案】B【詳細(xì)解析】肝主疏泄的核心功能為調(diào)暢氣機(jī)（C）、調(diào)節(jié)情志（A）、促進(jìn)消化吸收及血液運(yùn)行（D）。水液代謝由脾、腎、肺、三焦等共同完成，故B為正確答案。【題干8】以下哪項(xiàng)是“藥食同源”原則在養(yǎng)生中的典型應(yīng)用？【選項(xiàng)】A.辨證施膳B.五行平衡C.食材性味歸經(jīng)D.時(shí)令搭配【參考答案】C【詳細(xì)解析】藥食同源強(qiáng)調(diào)食材需具備特定性味歸經(jīng)（如枸杞歸肝經(jīng)、補(bǔ)腎益精），以針對(duì)性調(diào)理體質(zhì)。選項(xiàng)A為整體原則，B、D為具體方法，C為直接應(yīng)用?！绢}干9】中醫(yī)認(rèn)為，冬季養(yǎng)生的核心是“藏精”，以下哪項(xiàng)措施最符合此原則？【選項(xiàng)】A.適當(dāng)曬太陽B.飲食溫補(bǔ)C.適度運(yùn)動(dòng)D.早睡晚起【參考答案】B【詳細(xì)解析】冬季對(duì)應(yīng)腎藏精，需通過溫補(bǔ)食物（如羊肉、枸杞）和減少消耗（避免過度運(yùn)動(dòng)）來保存精氣。選項(xiàng)A、C屬夏季養(yǎng)生，D為春生夏長策略，均不符合冬季藏精要求?！绢}干10】足少陰腎經(jīng)的走向起于哪一穴位？【選項(xiàng)】A.涌泉B.?照海C.督脈D.三陰交【參考答案】A【詳細(xì)解析】足少陰腎經(jīng)起于足跟內(nèi)側(cè)涌泉穴，沿下肢內(nèi)側(cè)后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣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后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣后緣