高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1吉林省白山市五校2024-2025學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末英語試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AGuangdongCuisine(菜肴)AsoneofthefourmajorChinesecuisines,Cantonesecuisine,orGuangdongcuisine,hascontinuedtoimpressglobalfoodenthusiastswithitspleasantfreshness,makingitanicechoiceforforeignerswhoappreciatealighttaste.Foodssuchasdimsum,boiledshrimp,roastgoose,bite-sizedwonton(餛飩)andsteamedspareribswithpickledplums(酸梅蒸排骨)aresuretocalltomindthetastebudsofdiners.TravellerscangettheirfillofthiscuisinewhenexploringtheGuangdong-HongKong-MacaoGreaterBayArea,makingitafittingchoiceforwintertours.MalaHotPotInrecentyears,Chinesedishesfeaturingspicy(辛辣的)andmouth-numbingtastes,knownas“mála”,havegainedpopularity,particularlyinSoutheastAsia.Forforeigntouristswhoenjoyspicyhotpot,itisadvisabletofindoutthemosttraditionalcuisineinsouthwestChina’sSichuanProvinceandChongqingMunicipality,bothwell-knownfortheirspicyofferings,withrestaurantsservingsuchdishesspottedthroughouttheseregions.BeijingRoastDuckAtriptoBeijingwouldbeincompletewithoutavisittotheGreatWall,justasitwouldbeincompletewithoutenjoyingBeijingRoastDuck,alsoknownasPekingDuck.Oftenhonouredas“thefirstdishtotryinChina”,thisfamousdish,withitslonghistoryandformerstatusasaroyalfinefood,promisesforeigntouristsaromantictasteandamemorablediningexperience.TheBeijingQianmenbranchofQuanjude,oneofChina’sbest-knownroastduckchainrestaurants,couldbeapreferredchoiceforenjoyingtheroastduck.LocatedatQianmen,ithasbeenarichcommercialdistrictsincetheQingDynasty(1644—1911).AfterdiningatQuanjude,visitorscancontinuetoexploretheQianmencommercialdistrict.Localfinefood,particularlyatarestaurantcalledDonglaishun,knownforitsspecialty—instant-boiledmutton(羊肉),atraditionalhotpotdish—shouldnotbemissed.Moreinformation,pleaseclick/cuisine.1.What’sthefeatureofGuangdongcuisine?A.Saltytaste. B.Lighttaste.C.Spicyoffering. D.Moresugarandoil.2.WhatistheBeijingQianmenbranchofQuanjudefamousfor?A.Bite-sizedwonton. B.Instant-boiledmutton.C.Malahotpot. D.Roastduck.3.Whomisthetextmainlywrittenfor?A.Foreignvisitors. B.Chinesecooks.C.Restaurantbosses. D.Foodbloggers.【答案】1.B2.D3.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要是給外國游客介紹中國的特色美食。【1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“AsoneofthefourmajorChinesecuisines,Cantonesecuisine,orGuangdongcuisine,hascontinuedtoimpressglobalfoodenthusiastswithitspleasantfreshness,makingitanicechoiceforforeignerswhoappreciatealighttaste.(作為中國四大菜系之一，廣東菜一直以其清新的口感給全球美食愛好者留下深刻印象，對于喜歡清淡口味的外國人來說，這是一個不錯的選擇。)”可知，廣東菜的特色是口味清淡，故選B。【2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段的“TheBeijingQianmenbranchofQuanjude,oneofChina’sbest-knownroastduckchainrestaurants,couldbeapreferredchoiceforenjoyingtheroastduck.(中國最知名的烤鴨連鎖餐廳之一全聚德的北京前門分店可能是享用烤鴨的首選。)”可知，全聚德的北京前門分店可能是享用烤鴨的首選。故選D?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文，尤其是第一段的“AsoneofthefourmajorChinesecuisines,Cantonesecuisine,orGuangdongcuisine,hascontinuedtoimpressglobalfoodenthusiastswithitspleasantfreshness,makingitanicechoiceforforeignerswhoappreciatealighttaste.(作為中國四大菜系之一，廣東菜一直以其清新的口感給全球美食愛好者留下深刻印象，對于喜歡清淡口味的外國人來說，這是一個不錯的選擇。)”和第三段的“thisfamousdish,withitslonghistoryandformerstatusasaroyalfinefood,promisesforeigntouristsaromantictasteandamemorablediningexperience.(這道著名的菜，有著悠久的歷史和皇家美食的地位，給外國游客帶來了浪漫的味道和難忘的用餐體驗)”可知，本文主要是給外國游客介紹中國的特色美食。故選A。BJenniferHill,a39-year-oldmotherofthree,wasathomepreparingdinnerfor6-year-oldQuinnandheryoungerbrotherwhenshesuddenlybecameoutofcontrol.Rememberingwhathappened,JennifertoldGMA,“QuinntoldmethatIactuallysatdowninthechairthatI’msittinginrightnowandIlookedupattheceilingandstartedbreathingstrangely.ShesaidthatIthenfelloutofthechairontomyleftsideandmyfistsweregrasped,andmybodywasconvulsing(抽搐).Myeyeswereopen,andshekeptsaying,‘Mommy,Mommy,’butIwouldnotrespond.”Realizingtheenormityofthesituation,Quinnsprangintoaction.Shemadeanaturaldecisiontotakeher3-year-oldbrotherandseekhelpfromneighbours.“Thisisthefirsttimethatthey’veeverleftourhomewithoutus,”Jenniferexplained.“Sheeventoldusthatshelookedbothwaysbeforecrossingthestreet.Buttheywenttooneneighbour’shomeandtheywerenothome,andafterthat,theywenttothenexthomethattheyknew.Andthatneighbourwasinandrespondedtothechildren.”Theneighbourquicklycalled911,andJenniferwasrushedtoCatawbaValleyMedicalCentreinHickory,NorthCarolina.Doctorsdeterminedthatshehadexperiencedagrandmalseizure(癲癇大發(fā)作),herfirstseizureever.Mayor(市長)KyleJ.HaymanofConover,NorthCarolina,recognizedQuinn’sbraveryanddeclaredFebruary5as“QuinnHillDay”.Themayorpresentedthefirstgraderwithacertificateofrecognitionduringacitycouncil(議會)ceremonylastMonday.“Thisyoungladyhadtheabilitytorecognizetheemergency(緊急情況),takeheryoungerbrotherbythehand,leaveherhome,andseekhelpfromneighbourssheknewandtrusted,”MayorHaymanpraisedQuinnforherquickresponse.JenniferHillexpressedgreatprideinherdaughter’sactions.“Proudisanunderstatement,honestly.She’smyangel.She’smyheroforwhatshedid,”shesaid.4.WhatisGMAprobably?A.Anewsmedia. B.Amedicalcentre.C.A911department. D.Acommunityboard.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“enormity”inParagraph3mean?A.Benefit. B.Process. C.Power. D.Seriousness.6.WhatcanbestdescribeQuinn?A.Braveandsmart. B.Positiveandproud.C.Shyanddependent. D.Humorousandoutgoing.7.Whichisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ASuddenDiseaseChangesaWomanB.AnUnexpectedHeroMovesPeopletoTearsC.AGirlWasPraisedbytheMayorD.A6-year-oldSavesMother’sLife【答案】4.A5.D6.A7.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。6歲的奎因·希爾在母親第一次癲癇發(fā)作的情況下采取果斷行動挽救了母親的生命，市長向這位一年級學(xué)生頒發(fā)了認(rèn)可證書。她成了一位意想不到的英雄?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Rememberingwhathappened,JennifertoldGMA,“QuinntoldmethatIactuallysatdowninthechairthatI’msittinginrightnowandIlookedupattheceilingandstartedbreathingstrangely.ShesaidthatIthenfelloutofthechairontomyleftsideandmyfistsweregrasped,andmybodywasconvulsing(抽搐).Myeyeswereopen,andshekeptsaying,‘Mommy,Mommy,’butIwouldnotrespond.”(詹妮弗回憶起發(fā)生的事情，告訴GMA：“奎因告訴我，我坐在我現(xiàn)在坐的椅子上，抬頭看著天花板，開始奇怪地呼吸。她說，然后我從椅子上摔了下來，身體左側(cè)，我的拳頭被抓住了，我的身體在抽搐。我的眼睛睜著，她不停地說，‘媽媽，媽媽’，但我沒有回應(yīng)”)”對媽媽癲癇發(fā)作的描述以及倒數(shù)第二段“Thisyoungladyhadtheabilitytorecognizetheemergency(緊急情況),takeheryoungerbrotherbythehand,leaveherhome,andseekhelpfromneighbourssheknewandtrusted(這位年輕女士有能力意識到緊急情況，拉著弟弟的手離開家，向她認(rèn)識和信任的鄰居尋求幫助)”海曼市長的贊揚可知，母親詹妮弗是在新聞媒體采訪時回憶所發(fā)生的事，故GMA可能是一家新聞媒體。故選A。【5題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)下文“...Quinnsprangintoaction.Shemadeanaturaldecisiontotakeher3-yearoldbrotherandseekhelpfromneighbours.(奎因立即采取了行動。她很自然地決定帶上3歲的弟弟，并向鄰居尋求幫助)”可知，奎因意識到情況的嚴(yán)重性，立即采取了行動。她決定帶上3歲的弟弟，并向鄰居尋求幫助。enormity意為“嚴(yán)重性”，故選D。【6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的闡述“...Quinnsprangintoaction.Shemadeanaturaldecisiontotakeher3-yearoldbrotherandseekhelpfromneighbours.(奎因立即采取了行動。她很自然地決定帶上3歲的弟弟，并向鄰居尋求幫助)”，倒數(shù)第二段的“MayorHaymanpraisedQuinnforherquickresponse.(市長海曼贊揚了奎因的快速反應(yīng))”和最后一段““Proudisanunderstatement,honestly.She’smyangel.She’smyheroforwhatshedid,”shesaid.(“坦白地說，驕傲是一種輕描淡寫。她是我的天使。她所做的一切都是我的英雄，”她說)”母親詹妮弗稱女兒奎因是“英雄”可知，奎因勇敢而有智慧。故選A。【7題詳析】主旨大意題。本文講述了6歲的奎因·希爾在母親第一次癲癇發(fā)作的情況下采取果斷行動挽救了母親的生命的故事。D項“一個6歲的孩子救了媽媽的命”最適合作為標(biāo)題，故選D。CAfewyearsago,Ididresearchonmoss(苔蘚)tomakealiving.OnceIaccidentallymentionedmyjobtomybarber,helaughedatme.TheneverytimeIgotmyhaircut,hecouldn’tgetpastit.Myexamplecertainlyisn’taone-offsituation.Researchersacrossallfieldsofsciencehavehadsimilarexperiences.ButIfeelplantscientistsareforcedtogothroughsuchsituationsespeciallyregularly.ManypeopleaskmewhyIamnotdoingmore“useful”studies—onthingslikecancer(癌癥)ordementia(癡呆).Myanswertotheirquestionsissimple.Plantsciencecanhelpfeedtheworld.Millionsofpeopleworldwidedieofhungereveryyear.It’snotthatwearen’tproducingenoughfood;it’sjustthatwearewastingalotofit.Plantsciencecanhelptoreducethiswaste.Oneexampleisapplesthatbrownslower.Theyarelesslikelytobethrownaway.Plantscanalsohelpusprotectourenvironment.Theyareimportantinourfightagainstclimatechange.Moreover,discoveriesinplantsciencehavealsopaved(鋪平)thewayforstudiesinmanyotherareasofscience.Inshort,plantscienceisn’tuselessatall.Ataneventatalocalsecondaryschool,Iwassurprisedtolearnthatnoneoftheteenagersagedfrom14to15couldrecognizethericeplant.Thisperhapsshowsthelevelofinterestinplantsamongtoday’syoungpeople.It’sveryworrying.Ifstudentsaren’tinterestedinplants,theyareunlikelytostudytheminthefuture.Theywillneverknowhowimportantplantscienceis.Schoolscouldandshoulddomoretochangetheirideas.TheRocketSciencecampaign(活動)wasagreatexample.Itsawsixhundredthousandchildrenbecomespacebiologists.ThepupilsplantedandgrewseedsthatlaterspentsixmonthsontheInternationalSpaceStation.Sucheventsareabletodrumupstudents’interestinplantscience.Unfortunately,therearetoofewofthem.Plantscienceismuchmoreusefulthanmanypeoplethink.Ihopethatmorepeople,especiallyyoungstudents,willtakeasecondlookatit.8.Whydoestheauthorchoosetostudyplantscience?A.Heisbetteratthisfield.B.Hethinksitiseasierthanotherareas.C.Hehopestogetmorestudentsinterestedinit.D.Hewantstohelpsolvetheglobalfoodproblem.9.Whyisplantscienceuseful?A.Itstopsclimatechange. B.Ithelpscutdownfoodwaste.C.Itprovidesmorekindsoffood. D.Itcuresdiseasessuchascancer.10.Howcanweraisestudents’interestinplantscienceaccordingtoParagraph4?A.Byholdingmorescientificactivities.B.Byhelpingthemgrowingmoretrees.C.Byteachingthemfromayoungage.D.Byshowingthemgreatexamples.11.Whichofthefollowingdoesthewriterprobablyagree?A.Scientistsshouldgetmorehonourthroughhardwork.B.Scientistsareexpectedtodomoreresearchonmedicine.C.Teenagersshouldpaymoreattentiontoplantscience.D.Plantscienceshouldbemoreusefulthanotherfieldsofscience.【答案】8.D9.B10.A11.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了作者選擇研究植物科學(xué)的原因，植物科學(xué)的重要性，并呼吁大家重視植物科學(xué)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“ManypeopleaskmewhyIamnotdoingmore‘useful’studies—onthingslikecancerordementia.Myanswertotheirquestionsissimple.Plantsciencecanhelpfeedtheworld.(很多人問我為什么不做更多‘有用的’研究——比如癌癥或癡呆癥。我對他們的問題的回答很簡單。植物科學(xué)可以幫助養(yǎng)活世界。)”可知，作者選擇研究植物科學(xué)是因為他想幫助解決世界上的食物問題。故選D?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Plantsciencecanhelptoreducethiswaste.(植物科學(xué)可以幫助減少這種浪費。)”可知，植物科學(xué)可以幫助減少食物浪費。故選B?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“TheRocketSciencecampaign(活動)wasagreatexample.Itsawsixhundredthousandchildrenbecomespacebiologists.ThepupilsplantedandgrewseedsthatlaterspentsixmonthsontheInternationalSpaceStation.Sucheventsareabletodrumupstudents’interestinplantscience.(火箭科學(xué)活動是一個很好的例子。它見證了60萬兒童成為太空生物學(xué)家。學(xué)生們種植并生長了種子，這些種子后來在國際空間站上待了六個月。這樣的活動能夠激起學(xué)生對植物科學(xué)的興趣。)”可知，一些科學(xué)活動可以激發(fā)學(xué)生對植物科學(xué)的興趣。故選A。【11題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Ihopethatmorepeople,especiallyyoungstudents,willtakeasecondlookatit.(我希望更多的人，特別是年輕的學(xué)生，能重新審視它。)”可知，作者希望更多人，尤其是青少年更重視植物科學(xué)。故選C。DArtificialintelligence(AI)researcherswereabletosuccessfullycreateamachinelearningmodel,whichwascapableoflearningwordsusingfootage(鏡頭)gottenbyayoungchildwearingahead-cam.Thefindingscouldthrownewlightonthewayschildrenlearnlanguageandpotentiallyinformresearchers’effortstobuildfuturemachinelearningmodelsthatlearnmorelikehumans.Previousresearchguessedchildrentendtobeginacquiringtheirfirstwordsaround6to9monthsofage.Bytheirsecondbirthday,theaveragekidmastersaround300wordsintheirvocabularytoolkit(工具包).Buttheactualmechanismofexactlyhowchildrencometoconnectmeaningwithwordsremainsunclearandapointofscientificdebate.ResearchersfromNewYorkUniversity’sCentreforDataSciencetriedtoexplorethisgrayareafurtherbycreatinganAImodelthattriedtolearnthesamewayachilddoes.Totrainthemodel,theresearchersreliedonover60hoursofvideoandaudiorecordingspulledfromalightheadcameratiedtoachildnamedSam.Thekidworethecameraonandoffstartingwhenhewassixmonthsoldandendingafterhissecondbirthday.Overthose19months,thecameracollectedover600,000videoframes(幀)connectedtomorethan37,500recordedspeechesfromnearbypeople.Thebackgroundchatterandvideoframespulledfromthehead-camprovidesaglimpse(一瞥)intotheexperienceofadevelopingchildasiteats,plays,andgenerallyexperiencestheworldaroundthem.ArmedwithSam’seyesandears,theresearchersthencreatedaneural(神經(jīng))networkmodeltotryandmakesenseofwhatSamwasseeingandhearing.Themodel,whichhadonemodule(模塊)analyzingsingleframestakenfromthecameraandanotherfocusedonrecordedspeechdirecttowardsSam.Likeachild,themodellearnedbylinkingwordswithparticularobjectsandvisualswhentheyhappenedtoco-occuratthesametime.“Iwassurprisedhowmuchtoday’sAIsystemsareabletolearnwhenexposedtoquiteaminimalamountofdataofthesortachildactuallyreceiveswhentheyarelearningalanguage,”ProfessorLakesaid.12.Whatistheauthor’spurposetowriteParagraph1?A.Toshowevidence. B.Toleadinthemaintopic.C.Toraiseaquestion. D.Tooffersomeexamples.13.WhydidscientistscreateanAImodel?A.Tounderstandthecausesofchildren’sbraindevelopment.B.Toanalyzethesocialfactorsaffectingchildren’slanguageacquisition.C.Toexploretheeffectivenessofdifferentwaysoflanguagelearning.D.Toexaminetheunclearareaofhowchildrenlinkmeaningtowords.14.Howdoestheauthorsupportthethemeofthetext?A.Bystatingopinions. B.Bymakingaguess.C.Bydescribingprocesses. D.Bymakingcomparisons.15.WhatisProfessorLake’sattitudetotheresearch?A.Doubtful. B.Favourable. C.Unclear. D.Unconcerned.【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。人工智能研究人員成功創(chuàng)建了一個機器學(xué)習(xí)模型，該模型能夠使用戴著頭戴攝像頭的小孩拍攝的視頻來學(xué)習(xí)單詞。這些發(fā)現(xiàn)可能會為兒童學(xué)習(xí)語言的方式提供新的線索并可能為研究人員建立未來更像人類學(xué)習(xí)的機器學(xué)習(xí)模型提供信息?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Artificialintelligence(AI)researcherswereabletosuccessfullycreateamachinelearningmodel,whichwascapableoflearningwordsusingfootage(鏡頭)gottenbyayoungchildwearingahead-cam.Thefindingscouldthrownewlightonthewayschildrenlearnlanguageandpotentiallyinformresearchers’effortstobuildfuturemachinelearningmodelsthatlearnmorelikehumans.(人工智能（AI）研究人員成功創(chuàng)建了一種機器學(xué)習(xí)模型，該模型可以通過戴著頭戴攝像頭的幼兒拍攝的視頻來學(xué)習(xí)單詞。這些發(fā)現(xiàn)可能會為兒童學(xué)習(xí)語言的方式提供新的線索，并可能為研究人員建立未來更像人類學(xué)習(xí)的機器學(xué)習(xí)模型提供信息)”可推知，作者寫第一段的目的是引出本文的主要話題。故選B?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Buttheactualmechanismofexactlyhowchildrencometoconnectmeaningwithwordsremainsunclearandapointofscientificdebate.ResearchersfromNewYorkUniversity’sCentreforDataSciencetriedtoexplorethisgrayareafurtherbycreatinganAImodelthattriedtolearnthesamewayachilddoes.(但是，兒童如何將意義與單詞聯(lián)系起來的實際機制尚不清楚，也是科學(xué)爭論的焦點。紐約大學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)科學(xué)中心（NewYorkUniversity’sCentreforDataScience）的研究人員試圖進(jìn)一步探索這一灰色地帶，他們創(chuàng)建了一個人工智能模型，試圖像孩子一樣學(xué)習(xí))”可知，兒童如何將意義與詞匯聯(lián)系仍不明確（grayarea），研究人員通過AI模型探索這一機制。故選D?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Overthose19months,thecameracollectedover600,000videoframes(幀)connectedtomorethan37,500recordedspeechesfromnearbypeople.Thebackgroundchatterandvideoframespulledfromthehead-camprovidesaglimpse(一瞥)intotheexperienceofadevelopingchildasiteats,plays,andgenerallyexperiencestheworldaroundthem.(在這19個月里，攝像機收集了超過60萬幀視頻，連接了37500多份來自附近人群的演講錄音。從頭部攝像頭提取的背景對話和視頻幀提供了對發(fā)育中的兒童的體驗的一瞥，因為它吃東西，玩耍，以及對周圍世界的一般體驗)”以及第四段“Themodel,whichhadonemodule(模塊)analyzingsingleframestakenfromthecameraandanotherfocusedonrecordedspeechdirecttowardsSam.Likeachild,themodellearnedbylinkingwordswithparticularobjectsandvisualswhentheyhappenedtoco-occuratthesametime.(這個模型有一個模塊分析攝像機拍攝的單個幀，另一個模塊專注于直接對薩姆錄制的語音。像孩子一樣，這個模型通過將單詞與特定的物體和視覺效果聯(lián)系起來學(xué)習(xí)，當(dāng)它們碰巧同時出現(xiàn)時)”可知，第三段詳細(xì)說明錄像和音頻數(shù)據(jù)，第四段解釋模型模塊。由此推知，作者主要通過描述研究過程來闡述全文的重點。故選C?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““Iwassurprisedhowmuchtoday’sAIsystemsareabletolearnwhenexposedtoquiteaminimalamountofdataofthesortachildactuallyreceiveswhentheyarelearningalanguage,”ProfessorLakesaid.(萊克教授說：“我很驚訝，今天的人工智能系統(tǒng)在接觸到孩子學(xué)習(xí)語言時實際接收到的那種極少量數(shù)據(jù)的情況下，就能學(xué)習(xí)到這么多?！?”可知，萊克教授表示“驚訝于AI系統(tǒng)能從類似兒童的數(shù)據(jù)中學(xué)到如此多”，用詞積極（surprised,abletolearn）。由此推知，其對該研究持肯定態(tài)度。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。YouneedtousetheDRYprinciple(原則)tobemoreproductive.Thisisn’ttosayyourworkistoohard;instead,it’stoorepetitive.____16____Andit’sactuallyoneofthebettertimemanagementandproductivitytechniques.DRYwasfirstpopularizedinabookthatstateseachtaskshouldhaveasingle,clear,authoritativerepresentationwithinasystem.Thinkofitlikethis:You’rebusyeveryday,butareyouproductiveeveryday?____17____HowcanyouDRYyourworkandstoprepeatingyourself?First,you’llspendafewdaysdoingyournormaltasks—butwritedowneverythingyoudo.Bespecific.____18____Writedownhowmanyemailsyouansweredandtakenotes.Writedownphonecalls,meetings,andtasksyouperformtocompleteaproject,whetherit’soneforworkorcleaningyourhouse.____19____Theyareunavoidabletasksyouhavetodo,tasksthatuseuplotsofyourtimeandworkthatrepeatsitself.Everythinginthatthirdkindshouldthenbeautomated(自動化)orstreamlined(使效率更高)beforelookingintothetime-usingones,whichmayalsoqualifyforsomeautomation.Whatthatstreamliningisgoingtolooklikedependsonwhatyouarewastingyourtimeon.____20____Ifyouhaveone-on-onemeetingswithworkmatesthatmakeyourepeatyourself,suggestcombiningthemintoonemeeting.Ifyou’realwayscleaningthesamepartofyourhome,lookintospecificcleaningmethodsthatmighthelpyougetthewholejobdonemoreefficiently.A.DRYstandsfor“don’trepeatyourself”.B.Everyonewouldask:DoesDRYproductivitywork?C.Thenyoucansorteverythingintothreetypes.D.Ifyou’realwaystypingthesamemessageintoemails,tryusingmodels.E.Forexample,don’twritedownthatyou“answeredemailsfrom10to10:30”.F.OnceyouworkthroughtheDRYforawhile,youshouldstartworkingonanother.G.Iftheanswerisno,itmightbebecauseyou’rebeingtoorepetitivewithyourwork.【答案】16.A17.G18.E19.C20.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了如何運用DRY（Don’tRepeatYourself）原則來提高工作效率和進(jìn)行時間管理。【16題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Thisisn’ttosayyourworkistoohard;instead,it’stoorepetitive.(這并不是說你的工作太難了；相反，它太重復(fù)了。)”可知，上文說明工作難是因為它太重復(fù)，A選項“DRYstandsfor“don’trepeatyourself”.(DRY代表“不要重復(fù)自己”。)”對DRY原則進(jìn)行了解釋，與上文的“repetitive”相呼應(yīng)，引出了這個提高效率的原則，故選A。【17題詳析】上文“Thinkofitlikethis:You’rebusyeveryday,butareyouproductiveeveryday?(這樣想：你每天都很忙，但你每天都有效率嗎？)”提出了關(guān)于效率的問題，G選項“Iftheanswerisno,itmightbebecauseyou’rebeingtoorepetitivewithyourwork.(如果答案是否定的，那可能是因為你的工作太重復(fù)了。)”回答上文問題，并給出進(jìn)一步的解釋，與上文問題的邏輯相符合，故選G。【18題詳析】根據(jù)上文“First,you’llspendafewdaysdoingyournormaltasks—butwritedowneverythingyoudo.Bespecific.(首先，你會花幾天時間做你的日常任務(wù)——但是把你做的每件事都寫下來。要具體。)”可知，上文建議首先把做的每件事都具體地寫下來，E選項“Forexample,don’twritedownthatyou“answeredemailsfrom10to10:30”.(例如，不要寫下你“從10點到10點半回復(fù)郵件”。)”是對“要具體”這個要求的舉例說明，符合語境。故選E。【19題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Theyareunavoidabletasksyouhavetodo,tasksthatuseuplotsofyourtimeandworkthatrepeatsitself.(它們是你不得不做的不可避免的任務(wù)，這些任務(wù)會占用你大量的時間，而且會不斷重復(fù)。)”可知，有些任務(wù)是不可避免的，C選項“Thenyoucansorteverythingintothreetypes.(然后你可以把所有的事情分成三類。)”能夠引出下文對于三種任務(wù)類型的描述，起到總領(lǐng)的作用。故選C?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Ifyouhaveone-on-onemeetingswithworkmatesthatmakeyourepeatyourself,suggestcombiningthemintoonemeeting.Ifyou’realwayscleaningthesamepartofyourhome,lookintospecificcleaningmethodsthatmighthelpyougetthewholejobdonemoreefficiently.(如果你和同事的一對一會議讓你不得不重復(fù)自己的話，建議把它們合并成一個會議。如果你總是在打掃家里的同一部分，那就研究一下具體的清潔方法，這可能會幫助你更有效地完成整個工作。)”可知，下文舉例說明減少重復(fù)工作的方法，D選項“Ifyou’realwaystypingthesamemessageintoemails,tryusingmodels.(如果你總是在郵件中輸入相同的信息，試著使用模型。)”是一個具體的減少重復(fù)工作的例子，與下文的兩個例子并列，符合語境。故選D。第三部分語言運用(共三節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Afewyearsago,BrianPerkinsstartedusingacane(拐杖)towalk.Itwasa____21____thataffectedhiseverydaylifeinsmallbutimportantways.Oneday,hewasatthedrycleaners____22____hisclothing.“IwasstandingatthecounterwithmycaneandIwaspayingand____23____hadmorethanIcouldcarryinonehandout,”Perkinsremembered.“Andthiswoman,whowassittingbythelaundromat(自助洗衣店),lookedatmeandsaid,‘Doyouneedany____24____?’AndIsaid,‘No,no,I’vegotit.I’vegotit.’”Perkinswentouttohis____25____,openedthedoorandstartedputtinghisclothesinthebackseat.Whenheturnedaroundto____26____hiswaybackforthesecondload,thewomanwaswalkingtowardshimwiththe____27____ofhislaundryinherhands.“Andsheputitinthetruckandshelookedatmeandsaid,‘I____28____you.You’vebeenhelpingpeopleallyourlife.Nowit’syour____29____.Acceptit.’”Withthosewords,thewomanturnedandwalkedaway.Perkinsdidn’tknowthewoman.Shewasa____30____.Butshesawsomethinginhim,andknewheneededthis____31____toacceptthehelp.“Herwordshada(n)____32____effectonmylife.Overtheyears,I’vegonefrombeing____33____tomyoneunsungherotobeingsurroundedbysomanyunsungheroeswho’vehelpedmeinmanylittlewaysandmadea(n)____34____inmylife,”hesaid.“I’velearnedthatpeopleliketohelpotherpeople,andthatkindnessisnotsomethingthat’s____35____.Andforthat,I’llbeforevergrateful.”21.A.time B.change C.signal D.fortune22.A.takingoff B.lookingover C.pickingup D.sortingout23.A.naturally B.originally C.interestingly D.obviously24.A.help B.money C.clothing D.drink25.A.home B.truck C.shop D.seat26.A.make B.lose C.feel D.find27.A.task B.pack C.share D.rest28.A.believe B.like C.know D.thank29.A.job B.choice C.turn D.duty30.A.friend B.neighbour C.workmate D.stranger31.A.ability B.reminder C.wisdom D.confidence32.A.action B.chain C.thinking D.word33.A.grateful B.close C.important D.polite34.A.contribution B.achievement C.adventure D.difference35.A.judged B.earned C.forgotten D.exchanged【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.A25.B26.A27.D28.C29.C30.D31.B32.B33.A34.D35.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。本文講述了BrianPerkins因使用拐杖導(dǎo)致生活不便后，一位陌生女士主動幫助他并點醒他“接受幫助也是一種智慧”的故事。這次經(jīng)歷讓他意識到善意的力量，并逐漸學(xué)會接納他人的幫助，也感受到身邊“無名英雄”們帶來的溫暖?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一個變化，這個變化在細(xì)微卻重要的方面影響了他的日常生活。A.time時間；B.change變化；C.signal信號；D.fortune運氣。根據(jù)上文“Afewyearsago,BrianPerkinsstartedusingacane(拐杖)towalk.”可知，BrianPerkins開始使用拐杖走路，這是生活狀態(tài)的變化。故選B。【22題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：一天，他在干洗店取衣服。A.takingoff脫下；起飛；B.lookingover檢查；C.pickingup取走；撿起；D.sortingout整理。根據(jù)“drycleaners”推知，Perkins在干洗店取衣服。故選C?！?3題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：Perkins回憶到：“我拄著拐杖站在柜臺前付錢，顯然手里的東西太多，一只手拿不下?！盇.naturally自然地；B.originally最初；C.interestingly有趣地；D.obviously顯然地。結(jié)合后文女士主動詢問是否需要幫助，可知Perkins東西太多顯然拿一只手不下。故選D。【24題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這位坐在自助洗衣店旁邊的女士看著我說：“你需要幫助嗎？”A.help幫助；B.money錢；C.clothing衣服；D.drink飲料。根據(jù)前文“hadmorethanIcouldcarryinonehandout”推知，女士詢問Perkins是否需要幫助。故選A。【25題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Perkins走到他的卡車旁，打開車門，開始把衣服放進(jìn)后座。A.home家；B.truck卡車；C.shop商店；D.seat座位。根據(jù)后文“sheputitinthetruck”可知，Perkins走到他的卡車旁準(zhǔn)備放東西。故選B?！?6題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他轉(zhuǎn)身回去拿剩下的衣服時那位女士正拿著他剩下的衣服朝他走來。A.make走，前進(jìn)；B.lose失去；C.feel感覺；D.find找到。根據(jù)“Whenheturnedaroundto”和“hiswaybackforthesecondload”可知，此處指Perkins轉(zhuǎn)身往回走，去取剩下的東西，makeone’swayback是固定搭配，意為“返回；往回走”。故選A?！?7題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他轉(zhuǎn)身回去拿剩下的衣服時那位女士正拿著他剩下的衣服朝他走來。A.task任務(wù)；B.pack包裹；C.share份額；D.rest剩余部分。前文提到東西太多，一只手拿不下結(jié)合“hiswaybackforthesecondload”可知，Perkins先拿了一部分，女士拿的是剩下的衣服。故選D。【28題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她看著我說：“我知道你。你一生都在幫助別人。”A.believe相信；B.like喜歡；C.know知道，了解；D.thank感謝。根據(jù)“You’vebeenhelpingpeopleallyourlife.”可知，女士知道Perkins的過往。故選C。【29題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在輪到你接受幫助了。接受它吧。A.job工作；B.choice選擇；C.turn輪流；機會；D.duty職責(zé)。根據(jù)上文“You’vebeenhelpingpeopleallyourlife.”和首段“Afewyearsago,BrianPerkinsstartedusingacane(拐杖)towalk.”可知，女士認(rèn)為現(xiàn)在輪到Perkins接受幫助了，it’sone’sturn是固定搭配，意為“輪到某人”。故選C。【30題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Perkins不認(rèn)識這位女士。她是個陌生人。A.friend朋友；B.neighbour鄰居；C.workmate同事；D.stranger陌生人。根據(jù)前文“didn’tknowthewoman”可知，女士對于Perkins來說是陌生人。故選D?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但她從他身上看到了一些東西，知道他需要這個提醒來接受幫助。A.ability能力；B.reminder提醒；C.wisdom智慧；D.confidence信心。根據(jù)上文“I

you.You’vebeenhelpingpeopleallyourlife.Nowit’syour

.Acceptit.”可知，女士的話是一種提醒，促使Perkins改變不愿接受幫助的心態(tài)。故選B【32題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她的話在我的生活中產(chǎn)生了連鎖反應(yīng)。A.action行動；B.chain連鎖；C.thinking思考；D.word言語。根據(jù)下文“myoneunsungherotobeingsurroundedbysomanyunsungheroeswho’vehelpedmeinmanylittleways”可知，從被一個幫助到被許多人幫助，這是一個連鎖反應(yīng)。故選B?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：多年來，我從對一位無名英雄心懷感激，到被許多無名英雄圍繞，他們在許多小事上幫助我，改變了我的生活。A.grateful感激的；B.close親近的；C.important重要的；D.polite禮貌的。根據(jù)“who’vehelpedmeinmanylittleways”可知，對于幫助過自己的人應(yīng)是感激的。故選A?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：多年來，我從對一位無名英雄心懷感激，到被許多無名英雄圍繞，他們在許多小事上幫助我，改變了我的生活。A.contribution貢獻(xiàn)；B.achievement成就；C.adventure冒險；D.difference不同。根據(jù)“who’vehelpedmeinmanylittleways

”可知，很多無名英雄的幫助給Perkins的生活帶來了影響，makeadifference是固定搭配，意為“產(chǎn)生影響；帶來改變”。故選D?！?5題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我明白了人們喜歡幫助別人，善意不是會被遺忘的東西。A.judged評判；B.earned掙得；C.forgotten遺忘；D.exchanged交換。根據(jù)前文“surroundedbysomanyunsungheroeswho’vehelpedmeinmanylittleways

”和“Andforthat,I’llbeforevergrateful”可知，Perkins明白了善意是不會被遺忘的。故選C。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1分，滿分10分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Chinahasalongand____36____(influence)musicaltradition.Overthecenturies,musiciansdevelopedvariousstylesofmusicand____37____(invent)oradoptedmanytypesofinstruments.Theclassicaltraditionalmusicoftheelites,thefolkandethnicmusic,andthefavouritetraditionalChineseinstrumentsare“keynotes”for____38____(praise)Chinesetraditionalmusicingeneralandenjoyingitmore!Confuciusissaidtohavelivedabout2,500orsoyearsago.HeishonouredforsettingthetoneformuchtraditionalChinesemusicforthousandsofyears.Heisthoughtofasagreatmusicteacherandagiftedmusici